Efficient plant essential oil extraction device based on steam distillation

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant essential oil efficient extraction device based on steam distillation, and belongs to the technical field of extraction equipment.The plant essential oil efficient extraction device based on steam distillation comprises an evaporator and a condenser, and gas in the evaporator is input into the condenser through a pumping device. By means of the design of the evaporator, when extracted plant debris is loaded and unloaded, the plant debris is tightly wrapped through deformation of the storage rack, the plant debris in the plant barrel is convenient to take and place, the storage rack can also deform during extraction so that the plant debris can be relaxed, the plant debris is matched with the barrel body and the first partition piece to be kept still along with rotation of the middle pipe and the second partition piece, and the plant debris can be taken out conveniently. By means of the structure, when the chippings are pushed to the inner wall of the barrel body by centrifugal force to revolve, the plant chippings are circularly stacked, collapsed and turned over, gaps among the chippings are larger, the effective contact area between the chippings and water vapor is larger, adhesion and hardening can be prevented, and the air passing efficiency is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction equipment, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency plant essential oil extraction device based on steam distillation. Background Art

[0002] Essential oil extraction is a method of extracting volatile aromatic substances from plants. Common extraction techniques include distillation, solvent extraction, pressing and supercritical fluid extraction. The distillation method evaporates the essential oils in the plant material by heating, and then recovers the essential oils by cooling and condensing. Solvent extraction uses organic solvents to dissolve the essential oils, and then removes the solvents by evaporation to obtain the essential oils. The pressing method is mainly used for the extraction of essential oils from citrus peels. Supercritical fluid extraction uses supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent, which is environmentally friendly and highly efficient. These methods can retain the natural components of plants and are widely used in aromatherapy, medicine, cosmetics and other fields.

[0003] The existing Chinese invention patent with publication number CN102250689A uses perforated steam coils or sieve plates to heat the material layer uniformly and gradually from top to bottom. At the same time, saturated steam is gradually condensed by the material layer to form hot water that continuously penetrates into the material structure. The material forms a good water dispersion effect during the heating, diffusion and condensation of steam. With the continuous entry of water vapor, the oil-water mixed vapor is introduced into the condenser through the steam outlet at the bottom of the material tank.

[0004] In actual use, the steam flows from bottom to top. Due to the longer flow path, the steam is cooled to a greater extent, causing excessive water vapor and the entrained essential oil vapor to condense into water droplets and fall on the plant surface. This will cause the plants to be blocked by water, resulting in insufficient contact surface for extraction. The cooling caused by the dripping of condensed water will also lower the extraction temperature, resulting in poor extraction efficiency. When extracting plants with low essential oil content, the extraction amount is small. In view of this, a high-efficiency plant essential oil extraction device based on steam distillation is provided. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a high-efficiency plant essential oil extraction device based on steam distillation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is:

[0007] A highly efficient plant essential oil extraction device based on steam distillation, comprising an evaporator and a condenser, wherein the gas in the evaporator is input into the condenser through a pump, and further comprising:

[0008] An inner frame built into the evaporator, the inner frame divides the evaporator into an evaporation chamber and an extraction chamber from top to bottom, a gas distribution shell is installed on the inner frame, and the inner frame and the gas distribution shell form a gas passage between the evaporation chamber and the extraction chamber;

[0009] A plant barrel is mounted above the inner frame, the plant barrel comprises a cylindrical hollow barrel body opening upward, a guide hole is opened on the circumferential side wall of the barrel body, and the gas distribution shell is vertically arranged between the circumferential outer wall of the barrel body and the inner wall of the evaporator;

[0010] A storage rack built into the plant barrel, the storage rack comprising a middle tube with a notch on the circumferential side wall, the circumferential outer wall of the middle tube having spacers 1 and 2 arranged alternately up and down, the spacers 1 and 2 dividing the interior of the barrel into a contact section and a bypass section arranged alternately up and down, the contact section having plant debris built therein, and condensed water in the barrel body being drained through the spacer 1 and flowing out of the barrel body through the guide hole;

[0011] When in use, the plant to be extracted is crushed into fragments, which are then loaded into the space above the first diaphragm and below the second diaphragm. The top cover of the evaporator is then opened to load the plant barrel into the evaporator and set it above the inner frame. The top cover of the evaporator is closed to generate water vapor by heating the distilled water in the evaporation chamber. The conveying member rotates to quantitatively transport the water vapor generated in the evaporation chamber to the extraction chamber for continuous and stable steam extraction. During the extraction process, the water vapor in the gas distribution shell enters the contact section and the bypass section from all sides and is collected at the center and discharged upward. The water vapor entering the contact section directly contacts the plant debris for extraction. The water vapor entering the bypass section is supplemented with heating for the plant debris through the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm to avoid liquefaction at the contact section due to heat loss when the water vapor entering the contact section contacts the plant debris, thereby ensuring that the extracted essential oil can remain in a gasified state and flow out of the contact section. The water vapor and essential oil vapor are discharged from the barrel body from the top through the middle pipe. The water vapor entering the bypass section does not directly participate in the extraction and can maintain a high temperature. The middle tube is kept at a relatively high temperature to prevent the essential oil vapor from liquefying during the transportation process and before entering the condenser, thereby improving the extraction efficiency of the essential oil. The rotation of the conveying member can drive the barrel body to rotate, so that the plant debris directly contacts the water vapor through the gas distribution shell position in turn, thereby improving the uniformity of heating. The rotation of the barrel body can drive the partition and the plant debris above to rotate. The middle tube and the partition two remain stationary relative to the barrel body and the partition one, so that when the debris revolves with the barrel body, the centrifugal force will be concentrated on the circumferential side wall of the barrel body. After the plant debris on the upper layer contacts the partition, it will be frictionally decelerated and then collapse in the opposite direction of rotation. In this way, the plant debris on the lower layer becomes the upper layer that is turned over. The plant debris is circulated and flipped while revolving, thereby further improving the uniformity of heating. The plant debris can also be rubbed. In the process of sliding and concentrating around due to the centrifugal force and collapsing and sliding inward due to friction, the plant debris is dynamic. Compared with static stacking, the gaps between the debris are larger, the effective contact area with the water vapor is larger, and adhesion and hardening can be prevented to ensure the gas passing efficiency.

[0012] Furthermore, the spacer 1 adopts a flexible annular structure, a rotating ring is installed at the inner edge of the spacer 1, and the rotating ring is rotatably installed in the annular groove set on the circumferential side wall of the middle tube. A reinforcement ring is installed at the outer edge of the spacer 1, and the reinforcement ring is connected with a pull rope 1. The reinforcement ring can be pulled by the pull rope 1 to be higher than the position of the rotating ring, and the reinforcement ring can be lower than the position of the rotating ring when the spacer 1 is in a relaxed state.

[0013] Through the above technical scheme, the structure of the partition one is optimized, and the flexible structure of the partition one can bend when subjected to force. Before adding plant debris into the plant barrel, the partition one can be lifted up by using the pull rope one to form a basin-like structure, which can stack more plant debris and prevent the plant debris from sliding down from all sides. Similarly, when taking out the extracted plant debris from the plant barrel, the plant debris can be scraped out of the plant barrel by lifting the reinforcement rings around the partition one. In this way, it is not necessary to take out the plant barrel when taking and placing the plant debris, and it can also ensure that the plant debris is completely discharged. When the extraction is carried out, the pull rope is loosened, so that the partition one can fall down under the action of gravity. Because the center position of the partition one is limited by the middle tube, a partition one shape with a high middle and low surroundings can be formed, which is convenient for the plant debris to quickly approach the circumferential inner wall of the plant barrel during centrifugation, and the circulation flipping can be smoothly realized. At the same time, the generated condensed water will flow out of the plant barrel in time, ensuring that the plant debris is relatively dry and preventing the accumulation of condensed water from affecting the internal temperature of the plant barrel.

[0014] Furthermore, the second spacer adopts a flexible annular structure, and a relay frame is installed at the inner edge of the second spacer, and the relay frame slides up and down along the notch. A middle rod is installed in the middle of the relay frame, and a lever is hingedly installed in the middle of the relay frame. The lever is overlapped on the upper surface of the second spacer, and a pull rope 2 is installed at one end of the lever located on the inner side of the middle tube, and a sliding tube is installed at one end of the lever located on the outer side of the middle tube, and the sliding tube is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the second spacer.

[0015] Through the above technical scheme, the structure of the spacer two is optimized. The spacer two is installed on the outside of the middle tube by sliding up and down through the relay frame. When loading plant debris, the plant debris can be pressed in the space between the spacer one and the spacer two by pressing down the middle rod and the supporting rod, thereby further alleviating the situation where the plant debris slides off the storage rack. During extraction, the spacer two and the supporting rod can slide upward when squeezed by the plant debris below, leaving sufficient collapse space near the middle tube, and the weight of the supporting rod can also cause the edge of the spacer two to deform downward into a concave portion, which can produce a greater barrier to the plant debris on the upper layer and realize the smooth turning of the plant debris.

[0016] Furthermore, a sleeve is installed between the relay frame and the rotating ring. The sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the middle tube. The sleeve can be telescopically deformed along the axial direction of the middle tube. The sleeve can prevent plant debris from entering the gap and allow gas to pass smoothly.

[0017] Through the above technical scheme, in order to prevent the blockage of the internal space of the middle tube, a connecting sleeve is installed at the notch position. The connecting sleeve adopts a retractable fine-pore cloth sleeve, which can block plant debris and allow gas to pass smoothly. At the same time, the telescopic extension of the connecting sleeve can adapt to the position change of the relay frame. When removing plant debris after extraction, the plant debris on the surface of the connecting sleeve can be cleaned up through multiple telescopic extensions, which is convenient for maintenance.

[0018] Furthermore, a top frame is installed at the top of the pull rope, a lining ring is rotatably installed at the center of the top frame, the top of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lining ring, the top frame is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the middle pole via the lining ring, the top frame is movably overlapped with the top of the middle tube, and a fixed support arm is installed on the top of the middle pole.

[0019] Through the above technical scheme, in order to facilitate the deformation operation of the storage rack, a top rack is slidably installed on the top of the middle tube, and the top rack can pull the pull rope 1 and the pull rope 2 at the same time. When transferring plant debris, the relay rack is pressed down by pushing down the middle rod, and then the pull rope 1 and the pull rope 2 are lifted up at the same time, so that the spacer 1 and the spacer 2 can be used to wrap the plant debris. During normal extraction, the middle rod, the pull rope 1 and the pull rope 2 are all in a relaxed state, the top rack and the pull rope 1 rotate synchronously, and the fixed support arm can be connected to the inner wall of the evaporator or other static structures, so that the middle rod and the pull rope 2 remain stationary, ensuring the smooth rotation heating and debris turning.

[0020] Furthermore, a through seat is installed through the middle of the bottom end of the barrel body, and the middle tube is rotatably inserted into the top opening of the through seat. The top of the through seat is higher than the inner wall of the bottom end of the barrel body by a certain distance, and the bottom end of the through seat is in sliding contact with the top end of the conveying member.

[0021] Through the above technical scheme, the barrel body is optimized. When the barrel body is installed, the through seat is placed on the top of the conveying member and can slide relatively to provide central support for the barrel body when it rotates. The through seat protrudes upward, and after the middle tube is installed, an overhead section can be formed under the middle tube. When the partition one is a hard structure, it is convenient for water vapor to pass smoothly and increase the ambient temperature of the lower plant debris. When the partition one is flexible, sufficient space is left for the partition one to sag around, so that the partition one can be deformed smoothly.

[0022] Furthermore, the conveying member includes a transmission shaft and centrifugal blades, the inner frame includes a partition shell, a cylindrical space is provided inside the partition shell, the edge of the centrifugal blade slides in contact with the inner wall of the partition shell, and the vertical side wall of the partition shell is provided with four side openings, and there is a ninety-degree angle between adjacent side openings.

[0023] Through the above technical scheme, in order to achieve quantitative delivery, the water vapor in the evaporation chamber is introduced into the partition shell through the open side port. When the centrifugal blades rotate, the centrifugal force is used to transport the water vapor in the partition shell to the side port position connected to the gas distribution shell. Under the condition of ensuring that the pressure in the evaporation chamber is stable within a small range, the speed of the centrifugal blades is changed to control the water vapor supply. Moreover, the pressure in the evaporation chamber can be maintained below normal atmospheric pressure through continuous extraction by the centrifugal blades, thereby lowering the boiling point of water. By working synchronously with the pump on the top of the evaporator, the evaporator is kept in a state below atmospheric pressure, which can generate water vapor below one hundred degrees Celsius, reduce the heat required for heating, and allow plant debris to be steam extracted at a lower temperature, thereby avoiding the deterioration of essential oils caused by high temperature and improving the quality of essential oils.

[0024] Furthermore, the conveying member also includes a permanent magnet ring, which is fixedly connected to the centrifugal blade, a force ring is installed on the barrel body opposite to the permanent magnet ring, and a bearing ring is fixedly installed on the inner frame between the force ring and the permanent magnet ring, the force ring and the permanent magnet ring are magnetically attracted to each other, and the force ring and the bearing ring are magnetically repelled from each other.

[0025] Through the above technical scheme, in order to realize the rotational drive of the barrel body, because the centrifugal blades require a higher rotation speed, while the barrel body can rotate at a low speed, non-contact magnetic transmission can be performed, and the permanent magnetic ring is used to rotate to attract the force ring, overcome the inertia of the barrel body to make it rotate at a low speed, and the magnetic force between the load-bearing ring and the force ring can overcome the gravity of the barrel body and the internal material, reduce the rotational resistance of the barrel body, and use reduced energy consumption to drive the barrel body to rotate more smoothly at a low speed.

[0026] Furthermore, the inner frame includes fins, the top of the fins is fixedly connected to a guide plate, the outer wall of the barrel body is equipped with a limiting ring that cooperates with the guide plate, the bottom end of the fins is equipped with a circular plate, and the circular plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporator.

[0027] Through the above technical solution, the internal frame structure is optimized, and the fins are matched with the guide plates to play a supporting role, so that the barrel body can maintain a vertical state and rotate stably, and the circular plate separates the space, so that the barrel body can be set in the evaporator and steam extraction can be carried out in a sealed environment.

[0028] Furthermore, a cross plate is installed at the bottom end of the circular plate, and the evaporator includes an insulation shell and a heat-receiving plate. The heat-receiving plate is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the insulation shell, and the cross plate is fixedly connected to the heat-receiving plate. A drain pipe is installed at the lowest point of the circular plate, and a water supply pipe is embedded in the fin, and the bottom end of the water supply pipe extends into the evaporation chamber.

[0029] Through the above technical scheme, the cross plate can support the bottom surface of the circular plate to make the structure more stable, and the cross plate can conduct heat. Compared with the heat transfer of water vapor, the cross plate, circular plate and fins are made of metal, and the gas distribution shell is embedded between the cross plate, circular plate and fins, which can ensure that the water vapor continues to absorb heat before contacting the plant debris. The insulation shell can ensure insulation to reduce heat dissipation, avoid temperature reduction or even condensation reflux due to transportation, improve extraction efficiency, and heat the water supply pipe through the fins to avoid the newly added water temperature being too low to cause unstable water vapor. The drain pipe can discharge the condensed water flowing out of the plant barrel and the essential oil contained in the condensed water, and separate and recover them through secondary wastewater treatment to reduce the waste of essential oil.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] (1) The present invention adopts the design of the evaporator. When loading and unloading the extracted plant debris, the plant debris is tightly wrapped by the deformation of the shelf, which is convenient for taking and placing the plant debris in the plant barrel. The shelf can also be deformed during extraction to loosen the plant debris. As the middle tube and the second diaphragm rotate, the barrel body and the first diaphragm remain stationary, so that the debris is pushed toward the inner wall of the barrel body by centrifugal force to revolve, and at the same time, the plant debris is piled, collapsed and turned over in a cycle. The gaps between the debris are larger, the effective contact area with water vapor is larger, and adhesion and hardening can be prevented, thereby ensuring the gas passing efficiency.

[0032] (2) The present invention optimizes the inner frame and the conveying member. The inner frame can ensure that the water vapor continues to absorb heat before contacting the plant debris, avoiding temperature reduction or even condensation and reflux due to transportation, thereby improving extraction efficiency. The conveying member can provide continuous water vapor and spray it in the direction of the barrel body along the height direction, so that the steam contacts the plant debris from all sides through a shorter path and is collected at the middle pipe position for centralized discharge, thereby reducing the degree of cooling during the steam flow process, and entraining the essential oil vapor to the condenser to participate in separation to the greatest extent, thereby increasing the amount of essential oil extracted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the present invention when the protective box is removed;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a shell of a condenser of the present invention in a half-cut state;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the evaporator of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the evaporator of the present invention when the plant barrel is removed;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure between the inner frame and the conveying member of the evaporator of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly position between the inner frame of the evaporator of the present invention and the plant barrel;

[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a plant barrel of an evaporator of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 is a cutaway schematic diagram of a storage rack of a plant barrel of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the storage rack of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the state of the storage rack of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0044] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the state of the storage rack of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0045] Figure numerals: 1, heat source; 2, evaporator; 21, heating plate; 22, insulation shell; 23, evaporation chamber; 24, extraction chamber; 25, protective cover; 26, hanger; 3, condenser; 4, cold source; 5, rack; 51, middle tube; 511, notch; 512, ring groove; 52, spacer one; 521, reinforcement ring; 522, pull rope one; 523, top frame; 53, spacer two; 531, relay frame; 532, middle pole; 54, pole; 541, pull rope two; 54 2. Sliding pipe; 55. Connecting sleeve; 6. Inner frame; 61. Cross plate; 62. Round plate; 63. Fin; 64. Guide plate; 65. Limiting ring; 66. Drain pipe; 67. Water supply pipe; 68. Partition shell; 69. Side port; 7. Conveying part; 71. Drive shaft; 72. Centrifugal blade; 73. Permanent magnet ring; 74. Load-bearing ring; 75. Force ring; 8. Distribution shell; 9. Plant barrel; 91. Barrel body; 92. Through seat; 93. Skirt; 94. Contact section; 95. Bypass section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0047] like Figure 1 - Fig.12As shown, this embodiment provides a high-efficiency plant essential oil extraction device based on steam distillation, including an evaporator 2 and a condenser 3. The gas in the evaporator 2 is input into the condenser 3 through a pump. The heat source 1 heats the water in the evaporator 2 to generate water vapor, which contacts the plants in the evaporator 2 for steam extraction. The cold source 4 provides a low-temperature heat exchange medium for the condenser 3 to obtain separated condensed water and essential oil.

[0048] For inner frame 6, refer to Figure 4 The inner frame 6 is built into the evaporator 2, and the inner frame 6 divides the evaporator 2 into an evaporation chamber 23 and an extraction chamber 24. The evaporation chamber 23 is located below the extraction chamber 24 and is used to contain the clean water to be evaporated. The extraction chamber 24 provides a sealed space for steam extraction. The inner frame 6 is equipped with a gas distribution shell 8. The inner frame 6 and the gas distribution shell 8 form a gas passage between the evaporation chamber 23 and the extraction chamber 24, so that the water vapor below can smoothly ascend to contact the plants above.

[0049] For plant barrel 9, refer to Figure 4 The plant barrel 9 is mounted above the inner frame 6 and can rotate under the limit of the inner frame 6, wherein the plant barrel 9 includes a cylindrical hollow barrel body 91 with an opening upward, the barrel body 91 has a large volume and rotates smoothly, and a guide hole is opened on the circumferential side wall of the barrel body 91, and the gas distribution shell 8 is vertically arranged between the circumferential outer wall of the barrel body 91 and the inner wall of the evaporator 2, and the guide hole is convenient for water vapor to pass through, and the vertical arrangement of the gas distribution shell 8, with the opening of the gas distribution shell 8 along the height direction, the top of the barrel body 91 is provided with a skirt 93, which can prevent water vapor from directly bypassing the barrel body 91 and ascending, and can realize the horizontal supply of water vapor. Compared with the steam supply from bottom to top, the flow distance of steam can be shortened, and the height of the plant barrel 9 can be fully utilized to increase the steam supply area, and the degree of cooling can be reduced to reduce the condensation inside the evaporator 2;

[0050] Regarding the storage rack 5, the storage rack 5 is built into the plant barrel 9 and can be pulled out from the plant barrel 9 to facilitate loading of the plants to be extracted, wherein the storage rack 5 includes a middle tube 51 with a notch 511 on the circumferential side wall, the middle tube 51 is used as a main body, and the circumferential outer wall of the middle tube 51 is staggered with spacers 1 52 and 53, which are the rotation center of the spacer 1 52 and the installation carrier of the spacer 2 53. The spacer 1 52 and the spacer 2 53 divide the interior of the barrel body 91 into a contact section 94 and a bypass section 95 staggered up and down, wherein the contact section 94 is built with plant debris, and the debris can increase the cross-section and improve the contact of the steam. The contact area is large, and at the same time, the steam enters the contact section 94 and the bypass section 95 at the same time. Part of the steam enters the contact section 94 to directly extract the essential oil in the plant debris, and part of the steam enters the bypass section 95 to maintain the temperature of the plant debris through the spacer 1 52 and the spacer 2 53, so as to ensure that the temperature of the plant debris during the extraction process is stable, reduce the generation of condensed water, and ensure that the extracted essential oil can be transmitted to the condenser 3 as much as possible. Even if condensed water is generated, the condensed water in the barrel body 91 is drained through the spacer 1 52 and flows out of the barrel body 91 through the guide hole. After being discharged in time, the influence of the accumulation of condensed water on the internal temperature of the barrel body 91 is avoided;

[0051] In a further embodiment, in order to adapt to the plant debris placement and extraction scenarios, the structure of the spacer 52 is optimized, referring to Figure 8 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 The diaphragm 52 adopts a flexible annular structure. The flexible structure of the diaphragm 52 can be bent when subjected to force. A rotating ring is installed at the inner edge of the diaphragm 52. The rotating ring is rotatably installed at the annular groove 512 set on the circumferential side wall of the middle tube 51. A reinforcing ring 521 is installed at the outer edge of the diaphragm 52. The reinforcing ring 521 is connected to a pull rope 522. Before adding plant debris to the plant barrel 9, the pull rope 522 can be used to lift the diaphragm 52 around to form a basin-like structure, which can stack more plant debris and prevent the plant debris from sliding around. Similarly, when taking out the extracted plant debris from the plant barrel 9, the diaphragm 52 can also be lifted. The reinforcing rings 521 around it scrape the plant debris out of the plant barrel 9, so that there is no need to take out the plant barrel 9 when taking and putting the plant debris, and it can also ensure that the plant debris is completely discharged. When the extraction is carried out, the pull rope 522 is loosened, so that the partition 52 can droop around under the action of gravity. The center position of the partition 52 is limited by the middle tube 51, so a partition 52 shape with a high middle and low surroundings can be formed, which is convenient for the plant debris to quickly approach the circumferential inner wall of the plant barrel 9 during centrifugation, and the circulation and flipping can be smoothly realized. At the same time, the generated condensed water will flow out of the plant barrel 9 in time, ensuring that the plant debris is relatively dry and avoiding the accumulation of condensed water affecting the internal temperature of the plant barrel 9.

[0052] In a further embodiment, in order to change the state of plant debris and improve the efficiency of steam extraction, the structure of the spacer 53 is optimized, referring to Fig. 9 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 , the second spacer 53 adopts a flexible annular structure, a relay frame 531 is installed at the inner edge of the second spacer 53, the relay frame 531 slides up and down along the notch 511, and the second spacer 53 is installed on the outside of the middle tube 51 through the relay frame 531. A middle rod 532 is installed in the middle of the relay frame 531, and a lever 54 is hingedly installed in the middle of the relay frame 531. The lever 54 is overlapped on the upper surface of the second spacer 53, and a pull rope 2 541 is installed at one end of the lever 54 located on the inner side of the middle tube 51. When loading plant debris, the plant debris can be pressed in the space between the first spacer 52 and the second spacer 53 by pressing down the middle rod 532 and the lever 54, so as to further alleviate the situation of the plant debris sliding off the storage rack 5, and a sliding pipe 542 is installed at one end of the lever 54 located on the outer side of the middle tube 51. Fig.10 The sliding tube 542 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the partition 2 53. During extraction, the partition 2 53 and the lever 54 can slide upward when squeezed by the plant debris below, leaving sufficient collapse space near the middle tube 51, and the weight of the lever 54 can also cause the edge of the partition 2 53 to deform downward into a concave portion. Because the design of the sliding tube 542 can increase the weight at the edge of the partition 2 53, the deformation of the partition 2 53 is greater, and the sliding tube 542 can slide on the outside of the lever 54, ensuring that the lever 54 swings smoothly without causing warping at the edge of the partition 2 53, and can also provide greater resistance to the upper plant debris, thereby achieving smooth turning of the plant debris.

[0053] In a further embodiment, in order to prevent the internal space of the middle tube 51 from being blocked, a specific configuration is disclosed, referring to Fig. 9 A connecting sleeve 55 is installed between the relay frame 531 and the rotating ring. The connecting sleeve 55 is sleeved on the outside of the middle tube 51 and installed at the notch 511. The connecting sleeve 55 adopts a retractable fine-pore cloth sleeve to block plant debris and allow gas to pass smoothly. The connecting sleeve 55 can be retracted and deformed along the axial direction of the middle tube 51. The retraction of the connecting sleeve 55 can adapt to the position change of the relay frame 531. When removing the plant debris after extraction, the plant debris on the surface of the connecting sleeve 55 can be cleaned up by multiple retractions, which is convenient for maintenance.

[0054] In a further embodiment, in order to facilitate the deformation operation of the rack 5, refer to Figure 8 , Fig.11 and Fig.12A top frame 523 is installed on the top of the pull rope 1 522, and a lining ring is rotatably installed at the center of the top frame 523. The top of the pull rope 2 541 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lining ring. The top frame 523 is slidably installed on the top of the middle tube 51. The top frame 523 can pull the pull rope 1 522 and the pull rope 2 541 at the same time. The top frame 523 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the middle rod 532 through the lining ring. The top frame 523 is movably overlapped with the top of the middle tube 51. When transferring plant debris, the relay frame 531 is pressed down by pushing down the middle rod 532, and then the top frame 523 is moved upward at the same time. The pull rope 1 522 and the pull rope 2 541 can use the spacer 1 52 and the spacer 2 53 to wrap the plant debris. During normal extraction, the middle rod 532, the pull rope 1 522 and the pull rope 2 541 are all in a relaxed state, the top frame 523 and the pull rope 1 522 rotate synchronously, and a fixed support arm is installed on the top of the middle rod 532. The fixed support arm is connected to the inside of the evaporator 2 or other static structures, so that the middle rod 532 and the pull rope 2 541 remain stationary, ensuring the smooth rotation heating and turning of the debris.

[0055] In a further embodiment, referring to Figure 7 , the barrel body 91 is optimized, a through seat 92 is installed through the middle of the bottom end of the barrel body 91, and the middle pipe 51 is rotatably inserted into the opening at the top of the through seat 92. When the barrel body 91 is installed, the through seat 92 is placed on the top of the conveying member 7 and can slide relatively to provide central support when the barrel body 91 rotates. The through seat 92 protrudes upward, and after the middle pipe 51 is installed, an overhead interval can be formed under the middle pipe 51. The top of the through seat 92 is higher than the inner wall of the bottom end of the barrel body 91 by a certain distance, and the bottom of the through seat 92 is in sliding contact with the top of the conveying member 7. When the partition 52 is a hard structure, it is convenient for water vapor to pass smoothly, thereby increasing the ambient temperature of the lower plant debris. When the partition 52 is flexible, sufficient space is left for the partition 52 to sag around, so that the partition 52 can be deformed smoothly.

[0056] In a further embodiment, to achieve quantitative delivery of steam, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7The water vapor in the evaporation chamber 23 is introduced into the partition shell 68 through the open side port 69. The conveying member 7 includes a transmission shaft 71 and a centrifugal blade 72. The inner frame 6 includes a partition shell 68. A cylindrical space is provided inside the partition shell 68. The edge of the centrifugal blade 72 slides in contact with the inner wall of the partition shell 68. When the centrifugal blade 72 rotates, the centrifugal force is used to transport the water vapor in the partition shell 68 to the side port 69 connected to the gas distribution shell 8. Under the condition of ensuring that the internal pressure of the evaporation chamber 23 is stable within a small range, the speed of the centrifugal blade 72 is changed, so that the water vapor supply amount can be controlled. The partition shell 68 is vertically rotated. The straight side wall is provided with four side openings 69, and adjacent side openings 69 have an angle of ninety degrees. In addition, the centrifugal blades 72 can continuously extract to keep the internal pressure of the evaporation chamber 23 below normal atmospheric pressure (the internal pressure of the evaporation chamber 23 can be monitored in real time by a pressure sensor), thereby lowering the boiling point of water. The pumping device on the top of the evaporator 2 works synchronously to keep the evaporator 2 below atmospheric pressure, thereby generating water vapor below one hundred degrees Celsius, reducing the amount of heat required for heating, and allowing plant debris to be steam extracted at a lower temperature, thereby avoiding the deterioration of essential oils caused by high temperature and improving the quality of essential oils.

[0057] In a further embodiment, in order to realize the rotation drive of the barrel 91, refer to Figure 7 Because the centrifugal blades 72 require a higher rotation speed, while the barrel body 91 can rotate at a low speed, the conveying member 7 also includes a permanent magnet ring 73, which is fixedly connected to the centrifugal blades 72, and a force ring 75 is installed on the barrel body 91 opposite to the permanent magnet ring 73. The force ring 75 and the permanent magnet ring 73 are magnetically attracted to each other, and non-contact magnetic transmission can be performed. The permanent magnet ring 73 is used to rotate and attract the force ring 75 to overcome the inertia of the barrel body 91 and make it rotate at a low speed. At the same time, the inner frame 6 is fixedly installed with a load ring 74 between the load ring 75 and the permanent magnet ring 73. The load ring 75 and the load ring 74 are magnetically repelled, and the magnetic force between the load ring 74 and the force ring 75 can overcome the gravity of the barrel body 91 and the internal material, reduce the rotational resistance of the barrel body 91, and use reduced energy consumption to drive the barrel body 91 to rotate more smoothly at a low speed.

[0058] In a further embodiment, the structure of the inner frame 6 is optimized, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The inner frame 6 includes a fin 63, a guide plate 64 is fixedly connected to the top of the fin 63, a limit ring 65 cooperating with the guide plate 64 is installed on the outer wall of the barrel body 91, and the fin 63 and the guide plate 64 play a supporting role, so that the barrel body 91 maintains a vertical state and rotates stably, and a circular plate 62 is installed at the bottom end of the fin 63, and the circular plate 62 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporator 2, and the circular plate 62 separates the space, so that the barrel body 91 is set in the evaporator 2, and steam extraction is carried out in a sealed environment.

[0059] In a further embodiment, referring to Figure 5, a cross plate 61 is installed at the bottom of the circular plate 62, the evaporator 2 includes a heat preservation shell 22 and a heat receiving plate 21, the heat receiving plate 21 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the heat preservation shell 22, the protective cover 25 can reduce the bumps on the heat preservation shell 22, the cross plate 61 is fixedly connected to the heat receiving plate 21, the cross plate 61 can support the bottom surface of the circular plate 62, so that the structure is more stable, and the cross plate 61 can conduct heat. Compared with the heat transfer of water vapor, the cross plate 61, the circular plate 62 and the fin 63 are made of metal, and the gas distribution shell 8 is embedded between the cross plate 61, the circular plate 62 and the fin 63, which can ensure that the water vapor contacts the plant. The fin 63 is embedded with a water supply pipe 67, and the bottom end of the water supply pipe 67 extends to the evaporation chamber 23, and the water supply pipe 67 can be heated by the fin 63 to avoid the instability of water vapor caused by the low temperature of the newly added water.

[0060] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0061] When loading, the plant to be extracted is crushed into debris, and then loaded into the space above the partition 1 52 and below the partition 2 53. By pressing down the middle rod 532, pulling up the pull rope 1 522 and the pull rope 2 541, the plant debris is wrapped with the partition 1 52 and the partition 2 53, and the plant debris is loaded into the plant barrel 9 from top to bottom. Then, the top cover of the evaporator 2 is opened, the plant barrel 9 is loaded into the evaporator 2, and it is erected above the inner frame 6, and the top cover of the evaporator 2 is closed. The opening and closing of the top cover can be operated by the hanger 26;

[0062] During extraction, the distilled water in the evaporation chamber 23 is heated by the heat source 1 to generate water vapor, and the conveying member 7 rotates to quantitatively convey the water vapor generated in the evaporation chamber 23 to the extraction chamber 24, so as to perform continuous and stable steam extraction. The water vapor in the gas distribution shell 8 enters the contact section 94 and the bypass section 95 from all sides, and is collected at the central position and discharged upward. The water vapor entering the contact section 94 directly contacts the plant debris for extraction, and the water vapor entering the bypass section 95 is supplemented by the spacer 1 52 and the spacer 2 53 to heat the plant debris, so as to avoid the water vapor entering the contact section 94 from liquefying at the contact section 94 position due to heat loss when contacting the plant debris, so as to ensure that the extracted essential oil can maintain a gasified state and flow out of the contact section 94, and the water vapor and essential oil vapor are concentratedly discharged from the top of the barrel body 91 through the middle tube 51, and the water vapor entering the bypass section 95 does not directly participate in the extraction and can maintain a higher temperature, and entering the middle tube 51 position can keep the middle tube 51 at a higher temperature, so as to avoid the essential oil vapor from liquefying during the transportation process and before entering the condenser 3, thereby improving the essential oil extraction efficiency;

[0063] During extraction, the rotation of the conveying member 7 can drive the barrel body 91 to rotate, so that the plant debris directly contacts the water vapor through the position of the gas distribution shell 8 in turn, thereby improving the uniformity of heating. The rotation of the barrel body 91 can drive the partition 1 52 and the plant debris above to rotate. The middle tube 51 and the partition 2 53 remain stationary relative to the barrel body 91 and the partition 1 52, so that when the debris revolves with the barrel body 91, the centrifugal force will be concentrated on the circumferential side wall of the barrel body 91. After the plant debris on the upper layer contacts the partition 1 52, it will be slowed down by friction and then collapse in the opposite direction of rotation. In this way, the plant debris on the lower layer becomes the upper layer, and the plant debris is circulated and flipped while revolving, further improving the uniformity of heating. The plant debris can also be rubbed. In the process of sliding around due to the centrifugal force and collapsing and sliding inward due to friction, the plant debris is dynamic. Compared with static stacking, the gaps between the debris are larger, the effective contact area with water vapor is larger, and adhesion and hardening can be prevented, thereby ensuring the gas efficiency.

[0064] During separation, the pump transports the water vapor and the entrained essential oil vapor in the evaporator 2 to the condenser 3. The cold source 4 provides a low-temperature flowing heat exchange medium for the condenser 3 from bottom to top, and exchanges heat with the steam flowing into the condenser 3 from top to bottom. Layered condensed water and liquid essential oil are obtained at the separator position below the condenser 3, and the essential oil is separated and drawn out separately.

[0065] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient plant essential oil extraction device based on steam distillation, comprising an evaporator (2) and a condenser (3), characterized in that: Also includes: An inner frame (6) is placed in the evaporator (2), the inner frame (6) divides the evaporator (2) into an evaporation chamber (23) and an extraction chamber (24) at the top and bottom, and a gas distribution shell (8) is installed on the inner frame (6); A plant barrel (9) is mounted above the inner frame (6), the plant barrel (9) comprising a barrel body (91) with a guide hole opened on the circumferential side wall, and the gas distribution shell (8) is vertically arranged between the circumferential outer wall of the barrel body (91) and the inner wall of the evaporator (2); A storage rack (5) placed in a plant barrel (9), the storage rack (5) comprising a middle tube (51) with a notch (511) formed on a circumferential side wall, a first spacer (52) and a second spacer (53) arranged alternately up and down on the circumferential outer wall of the middle tube (51), the first spacer (52) and the second spacer (53) dividing the interior of the barrel body (91) into a contact section (94) and a bypass section (95); A conveying member (7) is provided, wherein the conveying member (7) quantitatively conveys the water vapor in the evaporation chamber (23) to the extraction chamber (24); the water vapor in the gas distribution shell (8) enters the contact section (94) and the bypass section (95) through the guide hole and is discharged from the barrel body (91) from the top through the middle pipe (51); the rotation of the conveying member (7) can drive the barrel body (91), the partition plate (52) and the plant debris above to rotate.

2. The plant essential oil efficient extraction device based on steam distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacer (52) adopts a flexible annular structure. A rotating ring is installed at the inner edge of the spacer (52). The rotating ring is rotatably installed at the annular groove (512) provided on the circumferential side wall of the middle tube (51). A reinforcing ring (521) is installed at the outer edge of the spacer (52). The reinforcing ring (521) is connected to a pull rope (522). The reinforcing ring (521) can be pulled by the pull rope (522) to be higher than the position of the rotating ring. The reinforcing ring (521) can be lower than the position of the rotating ring when the spacer (52) is in a relaxed state. Condensed water in the barrel body (91) is drained through the spacer (52) and flows out of the barrel body (91) through the guide hole.

3. The plant essential oil efficient extraction device based on steam distillation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second spacer (53) adopts a flexible annular structure. A relay frame (531) is installed at the inner edge of the second spacer (53). The relay frame (531) slides up and down along the notch (511). A middle rod (532) is installed in the middle of the relay frame (531). A lever (54) is hingedly installed in the middle of the relay frame (531). The lever (54) is overlapped on the upper surface of the second spacer (53). A pull rope 2 (541) is installed at one end of the lever (54) located on the inner side of the middle tube (51). A slide tube (542) is installed at one end of the lever (54) located on the outer side of the middle tube (51). The slide tube (542) is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the second spacer (53).

4. The plant essential oil efficient extraction device based on steam distillation according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting sleeve (55) is installed between the relay frame (531) and the rotating ring. The connecting sleeve (55) is sleeved on the outside of the middle tube (51). The connecting sleeve (55) can be deformed and extended along the axial direction of the middle tube (51). The connecting sleeve (55) can prevent plant debris from entering the notch (511) and allow gas to pass smoothly.

5. The plant essential oil efficient extraction device based on steam distillation according to claim 3, characterized in that: A top frame (523) is installed at the top of the pull rope 1 (522), a lining ring is rotatably installed at the center of the top frame (523), the top of the pull rope 2 (541) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lining ring, the top frame (523) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the middle rod (532) via the lining ring, the top frame (523) is movably overlapped with the top of the middle tube (51), and a fixed support arm is installed on the top of the middle rod (532).

6. The efficient plant essential oil extraction device based on steam distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through seat (92) is installed through the middle of the bottom end of the barrel body (91), and the middle tube (51) is rotatably inserted into the top opening of the through seat (92). The top of the through seat (92) is higher than the inner wall of the bottom end of the barrel body (91) by a certain distance, and the bottom end of the through seat (92) is in sliding contact with the top end of the conveying member (7).

7. The efficient plant essential oil extraction device based on steam distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner frame (6) and the gas distribution shell (8) form a gas passage between the evaporation chamber (23) and the extraction chamber (24); the conveying member (7) comprises a transmission shaft (71) and a centrifugal blade (72); the inner frame (6) comprises a partition shell (68); a cylindrical space is provided inside the partition shell (68); the edge of the centrifugal blade (72) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the partition shell (68); four side openings (69) are provided on the vertical side wall of the partition shell (68); and an angle of ninety degrees is formed between adjacent side openings (69).

8. The efficient plant essential oil extraction device based on steam distillation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conveying member (7) further comprises a permanent magnetic ring (73), wherein the permanent magnetic ring (73) is fixedly connected to the centrifugal blade (72); a force ring (75) is installed on the barrel body (91) at a position directly opposite to the permanent magnetic ring (73); a carrying ring (74) is fixedly installed on the inner frame (6) between the force ring (75) and the permanent magnetic ring (73); the force ring (75) and the permanent magnetic ring (73) are magnetically attracted to each other, and the force ring (75) and the carrying ring (74) are magnetically repelled from each other.

9. The plant essential oil efficient extraction device based on steam distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner frame (6) comprises a fin (63), the top end of the fin (63) is fixedly connected to a guide plate (64), the outer wall of the barrel body (91) is provided with a limiting ring (65) that cooperates with the guide plate (64), the bottom end of the fin (63) is provided with a circular plate (62), and the circular plate (62) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporator (2).

10. The efficient plant essential oil extraction device based on steam distillation according to claim 9, characterized in that: A cross plate (61) is installed at the bottom end of the circular plate (62); the evaporator (2) comprises a heat-insulating shell (22) and a heat-receiving plate (21); the heat-receiving plate (21) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the heat-insulating shell (22); the cross plate (61) is fixedly connected to the heat-receiving plate (21); a drainage pipe (66) is installed at the lowest point of the circular plate (62); a water supply pipe (67) is embedded in the fin (63); and the bottom end of the water supply pipe (67) extends into the evaporation chamber (23).

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