Method for preparing paper through solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungus mycelia, prepared paper and application

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing paper from solid fermentation edible and medicinal fungus mycelia, the prepared paper and application, and relates to the technical field of microbial fermentation, the method for preparing the paper from the solid fermentation edible and medicinal fungus mycelia comprises the following steps: preparing the solid fermentation edible and medicinal fungus mycelia; preparing edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers; pulping the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers; and preparing the edible and medicinal fungal mycelium fiber paper. Edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers are used as papermaking raw materials, dependence on traditional wood and plant fiber raw materials can be reduced, the problem of environmental pollution in the paper production process can be effectively solved, and the preparation method of the environment-friendly paper is green, safe and excellent in performance. The edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper can be used as food packaging paper, so that food can be effectively prevented from being polluted by microorganisms, the freshness of the food can be kept, the shelf life of the food is prolonged, and the food safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fermentation, and in particular to a method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium, and the prepared paper and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The papermaking industry is an important part of the national economy, and paper is widely used in various fields of society. At present, my country has become a major paper producer, consumer and importer, and the output and consumption of paper and paperboard are among the highest in the world. However, the traditional papermaking industry is highly dependent on resources and has high energy consumption, and faces great environmental pressure. Traditional paper uses wood fiber as the main raw material, and a large amount of wood resources are consumed during the production process. At the same time, the papermaking industry consumes a large amount of water and discharges a large amount of water. The wastewater contains a high content of organic matter, a high biochemical oxygen demand, a lot of suspended solids, and is colored and has a peculiar smell, which affects the normal growth of aquatic organisms, affects industrial and agricultural animal husbandry, residential water use and environmental landscape, and has adverse effects on people's healthy life, the development of civilized society and environmental protection.

[0003] Edible and medicinal fungi mycelium fiber mainly comes from the mycelium of edible and medicinal fungi and is a renewable resource. Compared with wood, the cultivation cycle of edible and medicinal fungi is short, and the cultivation cycle of edible and medicinal fungi mycelium is even shorter. Using edible and medicinal fungi mycelium fiber as the main raw material to prepare paper can help reduce the papermaking industry's dependence on forests and does not require alkali or acid treatment. Edible and medicinal fungi mycelium fiber paper has good mechanical properties, antibacterial properties and freshness preservation properties. It is suitable for promotion and use in industry, agriculture, culture and art, etc., especially suitable as food packaging paper, and has extremely broad application prospects. In summary, edible and medicinal fungi mycelium fiber, as a new type of papermaking raw material, can not only provide new ideas for the green transformation of the papermaking industry, but also produce good economic, social and ecological benefits. Therefore, it has extremely important research value and application significance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium, the prepared paper and its application, so as to solve the dependence on traditional wood and plant fiber raw materials and the environmental pollution problem in the paper production process.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungus mycelium is provided, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1, preparation of solid fermentation edible and medicinal fungus mycelium: Inoculating the edible and medicinal fungus as a strain into a solid culture medium at an inoculation amount of 0.08 to 0.15 g / g, and fermenting and culturing for 10 to 15 days to obtain edible and medicinal fungus mycelium; Step 2, preparation of edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers: The edible and medicinal fungus mycelium is placed in a drying oven for drying, and then placed in a high-speed pounding machine for pounding to obtain edible and medicinal fungus mycelium flocs, which are then added into purified water to obtain an edible and medicinal fungus mycelium suspension, which is then placed in a centrifuge for multiple centrifugation to obtain an edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate, which is then placed in a freeze dryer for freeze drying to obtain edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers; Step 3, pulping of edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers: The edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers are placed in pure water to obtain an edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber suspension, and hydroxypropyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose are added thereto, followed by stirring to obtain an edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber slurry; Step 4, preparation of edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper: The edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber slurry is poured into a mold, formed and dehydrated to obtain the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper.

[0006] Preferably, the edible and medicinal fungus in step 1 is selected from any one of Hericium erinaceus, Ganoderma lucidum, Dictyophora japonica, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Auricularia auricula, and Poria cocos.

[0007] Preferably, the solid culture medium in step 1 comprises solid culture matrix raw materials, sucrose and water; the solid culture matrix raw materials comprise: 10-15% corn stalks, 10-20% wheat bran, 20-25% sawdust, 5-10% bean dregs, 10-15% cottonseed hulls and 30-40% corn cobs.

[0008] Preferably, the fermentation culture conditions in step 1 are: fermentation temperature 12-28° C., humidity 55%-85%, and CO2 concentration 15000-55000 ppm.

[0009] Preferably, after step 1, the method further comprises: using a macroscopic observation method to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium that is white in color, shiny, and densely grown; using a microscopic observation method to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium that is white in color, shiny, and densely grown.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of edible and medicinal fungus mycelium flocs in step 2 is: placing the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium obtained in step 1 in a drying oven for drying, setting the temperature to 30-60°C, and drying for 5-8 hours to form dry edible and medicinal fungus mycelium; then, placing the dry edible and medicinal fungus mycelium in a high-speed crusher and crushing it, preparing a six-blade cyclone knife, a power of 200W, and shearing for 0.5-1.5 minutes to form edible and medicinal fungus mycelium flocs.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium suspension in step 2 is: placing the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium flocs obtained in step 2 in pure water, stirring at a temperature of 45 to 75° C. for 55 to 110 minutes to obtain the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium suspension.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate in step 2 is: placing the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium suspension obtained in step 2 in a centrifuge for centrifugation, setting the centrifuge speed to 8000-10000 r / min, the centrifugation time to 20-30 min, pouring out the supernatant to obtain a crude edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate; washing the crude edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate with pure water 3 times, and centrifuging again to obtain an edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate.

[0013] Preferably, the method for preparing the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber in step 2 is: placing the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate obtained in step 2 in a freeze dryer for freeze drying, and freeze drying at minus 70° C. for 8 to 10 hours to obtain the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber.

[0014] Preferably, after step 2, the method further comprises: using a drying method to screen edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers having a moisture content not exceeding 3.5%; and using a scanning electron microscope observation method to screen edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers having a length not less than 1.2 cm.

[0015] Preferably, in step 3, the concentration of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers in the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber suspension is 12-16 g / 100 mL, the concentration of hydroxypropyl cellulose in suspension 1 is 0.5-1 g / 100 mL; and the concentration of the carboxymethyl cellulose in suspension 2 is 1-2 g / 100 mL.

[0016] Preferably, after step 3, the method further comprises: using a rheometer to screen the viscosity of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber slurry to be no more than 40 mPa; using a Schober-type beating degree tester to screen the beating degree of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber slurry to be no more than 50°SR.

[0017] Preferably, the specific method of step 4 is: pouring the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber slurry into a paper mold with a non-woven fabric as the bottom layer, using a spatula to evenly spread the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber slurry in the paper mold and press it flat, removing the mold frame, arranging the yarn carrying the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber slurry on a paper sheet former, and after dehydration and drying, obtaining edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper.

[0018] Preferably, the specific conditions for molding and dehydration and drying in step 4 are: vacuum degree of -30 kPa to -50 kPa, dehydration time of 30 to 120 s, drying temperature of 100 to 120° C., and drying time of 30 to 120 min.

[0019] Preferably, after step 4, the method further comprises: using a cutting and weighing method to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper to have a quantitative weight of not less than 40g / m2; using a thickness measuring instrument to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper to have a thickness of no more than 0.2mm; using a tensile testing machine to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper to have a longitudinal tensile strength of not less than 2000N / m and a transverse tensile strength of not less than 1000N / m; using an Elmendorf tear tester to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper to have a longitudinal tear strength of not less than 200mN and a transverse tear strength of not less than The density of the paper is 100mN; the total number of colonies in the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper screened by the national food safety standard food microbiology test method shall not exceed 50CFU / g, the total number of molds shall not exceed 20CFU / g, and the coliform group shall not be detected; the fluorescent substances in the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper screened by the ultraviolet light irradiation method shall not be detected; the air permeability of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper screened by the air permeability meter shall not exceed 50mL / m²·24h; the moisture permeability of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper screened by the moisture permeability meter shall not exceed 15mL / m²·24h.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper prepared by a method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungus mycelium.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an application of edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper as food packaging paper.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: using solid fermented edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber as the main raw material to prepare paper can effectively reduce the dependence of the papermaking industry on forests. The preparation process of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper of the present invention does not require strong alkali or strong acid treatment, and the fungus fiber is easily degraded after use, which is environmentally friendly. The emission of pollutants can be reduced during production and use, and the negative impact on the environment can be reduced, providing a reference for the green transformation of the papermaking industry. In addition, edible and medicinal fungus mycelium contains a variety of antibacterial active ingredients, such as polysaccharides, terpenoid compounds, phenolic compounds, etc. These ingredients make the prepared edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper have natural antibacterial properties, which can inhibit the growth of various bacteria and fungi. As food packaging paper, it can effectively prevent food from being contaminated by microorganisms and maintain the freshness of food. It has application potential in extending the shelf life of food and ensuring food safety. It is an environmentally friendly and safe food-grade packaging material with extremely broad market prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a specific implementation flow chart of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is the macroscopic morphology of solid fermentation Ganoderma mycelium.

[0025] Figure 3 This is the microscopic morphology of solid fermentation Ganoderma mycelium.

[0026] Figure 4 This is the macroscopic morphology of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fibers.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a microscopic morphology of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fibers.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a picture of the morphology of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fibers smoothed in the mold before molding.

[0029] Figure 7 This is the apparent morphology of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper after forming.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the antibacterial effect of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper on Escherichia coli.

[0031] Fig. 9 This is a diagram of the antibacterial experiment of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper on Staphylococcus aureus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] definition: The term "solid fermentation" used in this article refers to a fermentation process that uses edible and medicinal fungi and other microorganisms as fermentation strains, and uses natural solid matrices (such as crop straw, bran, corn cobs, etc.) as a nutrient source and growth carrier in a solid environment with almost no free water or very low moisture content.

[0033] In the research on using edible and medicinal fungi mycelium to make paper, solid fermentation can make edible and medicinal fungi grow and reproduce in large quantities on a solid matrix, forming abundant mycelium. At the same time, during the fermentation process, edible and medicinal fungi will decompose and transform the matrix, producing some metabolites with special properties. These mycelium and metabolites can be used as raw materials for preparing paper, giving the paper unique properties.

[0034] The term "edible and medicinal fungi" used in this article refers to fungi that can be eaten directly as food and have certain medicinal value. They are rich in various nutrients (such as protein, polysaccharides, vitamins, minerals, etc.) and bioactive substances (such as terpenoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, etc.), and have various physiological effects such as enhancing immunity, anti-tumor, antibacterial, and anti-oxidation.

[0035] In the field of papermaking, the mycelium of edible and medicinal fungi can be used as a new type of fiber raw material. It has a wide source, grows fast, and has good biodegradability and environmental friendliness, providing a new option for the preparation of high-performance, environmentally friendly paper.

[0036] The term "edible and medicinal fungus mycelium" used in this article refers to: a fungal tissue with a certain morphological structure and physiological function formed by many hyphae interweaving during the growth and development of edible and medicinal fungi. Under solid fermentation culture conditions, hyphae grow after the spores of edible and medicinal fungi germinate. The hyphae continue to grow, branch and entangle with each other, and finally form a mycelium, which is called edible and medicinal fungus mycelium.

[0037] The mycelium of edible and medicinal fungi is rich in polysaccharides such as cellulose, hemicellulose and other biologically active ingredients. It is the main raw material for preparing fungal fiber paper. Its quality and characteristics have an important influence on the performance of paper.

[0038] The term "mycelium culture" used in this article refers to: the process of providing suitable environmental conditions and nutrients for the growth and reproduction of edible and medicinal fungi mycelium, so that it can grow in large quantities under artificially controlled conditions.

[0039] Cultivation methods include solid fermentation culture and liquid deep fermentation culture. In solid fermentation culture, it is necessary to select a suitable solid matrix and pre-treat it (such as sterilization, humidity adjustment, etc.), then inoculate edible and medicinal fungi spores or strains, and culture them under suitable temperature, humidity and ventilation conditions; liquid deep fermentation culture is to inoculate edible and medicinal fungi into a liquid culture medium containing nutrients, and through stirring, ventilation and other operations, provide sufficient oxygen and nutrients for the growth of mycelium, so that it can grow and reproduce rapidly in a liquid environment. The purpose of mycelium culture is to obtain sufficient quantity and quality of mycelium to meet the needs of subsequent applications such as paper preparation.

[0040] The mechanism of using edible and medicinal fungi mycelium to prepare paper is as follows: the polysaccharides, terpenoid compounds and phenolic compounds rich in edible and medicinal fungi mycelium have both antioxidant and antibacterial effects. Therefore, the paper prepared from edible and medicinal fungi mycelium exhibits good antibacterial and fresh-keeping effects. The mycelium fibers of edible and medicinal fungi contain a large amount of β-glucan, which is a type of polysaccharide formed by glucose monomers connected by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds, and contains a large number of hydroxyl (-OH) groups in its molecular structure; while carboxymethyl cellulose is an anionic cellulose ether with good water solubility and adhesion; during the pulping process, carboxymethyl cellulose can be adsorbed on the surface of mycelium fibers, and the binding force between mycelium fibers is enhanced through hydrogen bonding and other effects, thereby enhancing the strength of the prepared paper, such as tensile strength and tear strength. At the same time, carboxymethyl cellulose can increase the viscosity of the system, help the mycelium fibers to be evenly dispersed in the pulp, and improve the uniformity of the paper. Hydroxypropyl cellulose is a nonionic cellulose ether that can form a transparent, uniform solution in water and has good film-forming and thickening properties. Hydroxypropyl cellulose can form a continuous film on the surface of paper, improve the surface properties of paper, and also improve the paper's resistance to ink penetration and enhance printing effects. Carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose can complement each other when used together: carboxymethyl cellulose mainly enhances the internal binding force of mycelium fibers, while hydroxypropyl cellulose can optimize the surface properties of paper; therefore, the simultaneous use of the two can significantly enhance the overall performance of paper and increase its application potential.

[0041] Embodiment 1 of the present invention:

[0042] This embodiment provides a method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1, preparation of solid fermentation mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum: 100 g corn stalks, 150 g wheat bran, 250 g sawdust, 50 g bean dregs, 150 g cottonseed hulls, and 300 g corn cobs were crushed and stirred evenly as a solid culture medium raw material. 0.3 mL / g water and 0.002 g / g sucrose were added to the solid culture medium raw material to obtain a solid culture medium. The solid culture medium was transferred into a cultivation bag, which can be a plastic bag. A small hole was punched in the center of the bag body of the cultivation bag. The cultivation bag was sterilized by high-pressure steam, and the sterilization pressure was set to 1.05 MPa, the sterilization temperature was set to 121°C, and the sterilization time was set to 1 h. After natural cooling, a solid culture medium was obtained, and 0.1 g / g of Ganoderma lucidum strains were inoculated in the solid culture medium. The fermentation temperature was set to 28°C, the humidity was 75%, the pH was 6.0, and the CO 2 The concentration is 55000ppm; the fermentation time is 12 days; the mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum is obtained. The mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum with white color, glossy color and dense growth is selected by naked eye observation, such as Figure 2As shown; scanning electron microscopy was used to screen the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium that was tightly bound to the solid culture medium and had a thick morphology, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0043] Step 2, preparation of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber: The mycelium obtained in step 1 is placed in a drying oven for drying, the temperature is set to 45° C., the drying time is 6 hours, and dried mycelium is formed; then, the dried mycelium is placed in a high-speed crusher and crushed, a six-blade cyclone blade is prepared, the power is 200 W, and the shearing is performed for 1.5 minutes to obtain mycelium flocs of Ganoderma lucidum; then, the mycelium flocs of Ganoderma lucidum are placed in pure water, stirred at a temperature of 65° C. for 70 minutes, and a mycelium suspension of Ganoderma lucidum is obtained. The concentration of mycelium flocs in the mycelium suspension of Ganoderma lucidum is 1.34%. The concentration is 10g / 100mL; then, the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium suspension is placed in a centrifuge and centrifuged, the centrifuge speed is set to 8500r / min, the centrifugation time is 25min, the supernatant is poured out, and the obtained precipitate is: crude Ganoderma lucidum mycelium precipitate; the crude Ganoderma lucidum mycelium precipitate is washed with pure water for 3 times, and centrifuged again, and the obtained precipitate is: Ganoderma lucidum mycelium precipitate; then, the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium precipitate is placed in a freeze dryer and freeze-dried at minus 70°C for 9h to obtain Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber. The drying method is used to screen Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fibers with a moisture content not exceeding 3.5%, such as Figure 4 As shown; the length of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fibers screened by scanning electron microscopy is not less than 1.2 cm, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0044] The specific steps of the drying method for screening Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fibers with a moisture content not exceeding 3.5% are as follows: Accurately weigh 2g (accurate to 0.001g) of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fibers and put them into a constant-weight aluminum box. Record the initial mass of the weighing bottle (containing Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fibers) m 1 Then, place the weighing bottle (open the bottle cap) or aluminum box containing the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber into a 105℃ drying oven. Dry for 3 hours, take out the aluminum box, quickly cover it, and place it in a desiccator to cool to room temperature. Weigh the aluminum box on an analytical balance and record the mass m 2 . Calculate the moisture content of the sample, moisture content (%) = (m 1 -m 2 ) / (m 1 -m 铝盒 )×100%, where maluminum box is the constant weight of the weighing bottle or aluminum box.

[0045] The scanning electron microscope observation method is used to screen the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber with a length of not less than 1.2 cm. The specific steps are: fix the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber on the sample stage, after gold spraying treatment, place it in the scanning electron microscope sample chamber, and evacuate it. When the vacuum degree reaches 0.005Pa, observe and photograph the surface morphology and size of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber.

[0046] Step 3, pulping of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fibers: The ganoderma mycelium fiber obtained in step 2 is placed in pure water to obtain a ganoderma mycelium fiber suspension, so that the concentration of the ganoderma mycelium fiber in the ganoderma mycelium fiber suspension is 15g / 100mL; hydroxypropyl cellulose is added to the ganoderma mycelium fiber suspension to obtain a suspension 1, so that the concentration of the hydroxypropyl cellulose in the suspension 1 is 1g / 100mL; carboxymethyl cellulose is added to the suspension 1 to obtain a suspension 2, so that the concentration of the carboxymethyl cellulose in the suspension 2 is 1g / 100mL; then, the suspension 2 is stirred at room temperature for 45 minutes to obtain a ganoderma mycelium fiber slurry. The viscosity of the ganoderma mycelium fiber slurry screened by a rheometer is not more than 40mPa; the beating degree of the ganoderma mycelium fiber slurry screened by a Schober-type beating degree tester is not more than 50°SR.

[0047] Step 4, preparation of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper: The Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber slurry obtained in step 3 is slowly poured into a rectangular mold with a non-woven fabric as the bottom layer, and the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber slurry in the mold is evenly spread and pressed flat with a spatula, and the mold frame is removed, and the yarn carrying the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber slurry is arranged on the paper sheet former, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the vacuum degree is set to -50kPa, the dehydration time is 60s, the drying temperature is 105℃, the drying time is 90min, and the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper is obtained after drying. The cutting and weighing method is used to screen the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper with a weight of not less than 40g / m 2 ; The thickness of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper screened by a thickness measuring instrument shall not exceed 0.2mm; the longitudinal tensile strength of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper screened by a tensile testing machine shall not be less than 2000N / m, and the transverse tensile strength shall not be less than 1000N / m; the longitudinal tear strength of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper screened by an Elmendorf tear tester shall not be less than 200mN, and the transverse tear strength shall not be less than 100mN; the total number of colonies of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper screened by the national food safety standard food microbiology test method shall not exceed 50CFU / g, the total number of molds shall not exceed 20CFU / g, and coliform bacteria shall not be detected; the fluorescent substances in the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper screened by the ultraviolet light irradiation method shall not be detected; the air permeability of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper screened by an air permeability meter shall not exceed 50mL / m²·24h; the moisture permeability of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper screened by a moisture permeability meter shall not exceed 15mL / m²·24h.

[0048] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium.

[0049] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a use of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper as food packaging paper.

[0050] After the above specific implementation steps, the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper is processed and its appearance is as follows Figure 7 shown.

[0051] Embodiment 2 of the present invention: The main difference from Example 1 is that in step 1, 0.12 g / g of Ganoderma lucidum strains are inoculated into the solid culture medium, and the other operating steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0052] Embodiment 3 of the present invention: The main difference from Example 1 is that in step 1, 0.15 g / g of Ganoderma lucidum strains are inoculated into the solid culture medium, and the other operating steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0053] Embodiment 4 of the present invention:

[0054] The main difference from Example 1 is that in step 1, 100 g of corn stalks, 150 g of wheat bran, 250 g of sawdust, 80 g of bean dregs, 100 g of cottonseed hulls, and 320 g of corn cobs are crushed and stirred evenly as solid culture matrix raw materials, and the other operating steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0055] Embodiment 5 of the present invention:

[0056] The main difference from Example 1 is that in step 1, 120 g of corn stalks, 180 g of wheat bran, 200 g of sawdust, 50 g of bean dregs, 150 g of cottonseed hulls, and 300 g of corn cobs are crushed and stirred evenly as solid culture matrix raw materials, and the other operating steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0057] Effect test: Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper parameter determination: Various parameters of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper prepared by Examples 1-5 were measured. The cutting and weighing method was used to measure the quantitative weight of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper. The thickness of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper was measured by a thickness measuring instrument. The longitudinal tensile strength and transverse tensile strength of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper were measured by a tensile testing machine. The longitudinal tearing degree and transverse tearing degree of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper were measured by an Elmendorf tear tester. The Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper was not less than 100%. The air permeability of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper was measured by an air permeability meter. The moisture permeability of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper was measured by a moisture permeability meter. The presence of fluorescent substances in the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper was detected by ultraviolet light irradiation. The specific values ​​are shown in Table 1: Table 1. Various parameters of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper prepared in Examples 1-5.

[0058]

[0059] As shown in Table 1, compared with Example 1, Examples 2 and 3 are Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber papers made with different inoculation amounts of Ganoderma lucidum species, and their various parameters are slightly different. Example 1 has the best effect and meets the following conditions: the weight of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper screened by the cutting and weighing method is not less than 40g / m 2 ; The thickness of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by a thickness measuring instrument shall not exceed 0.2mm; the longitudinal tensile strength of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by a tensile testing machine shall not be less than 2000N / m, and the transverse tensile strength shall not be less than 1000N / m; the longitudinal tear strength of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by an Elmendorf tear tester shall not be less than 200mN, and the transverse tear strength shall not be less than 100mN; the fluorescent substances in the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by the ultraviolet light irradiation method shall not be detected; the air permeability of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by an air permeability meter shall not exceed 50mL / m²·24h; the moisture permeability of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by a moisture permeability meter shall not exceed 15mL / m²·24h.

[0060] Compared with Example 1, Examples 4 and 5 are Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber papers made from different solid culture matrix raw material ratios. The parameters thereof are slightly different. Example 1 has the best effect and meets the following conditions: the weight of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper screened by the cutting and weighing method is not less than 40 g / m 2 ; The thickness of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by a thickness measuring instrument shall not exceed 0.2mm; the longitudinal tensile strength of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by a tensile testing machine shall not be less than 2000N / m, and the transverse tensile strength shall not be less than 1000N / m; the longitudinal tear strength of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by an Elmendorf tear tester shall not be less than 200mN, and the transverse tear strength shall not be less than 100mN; the fluorescent substances in the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by the ultraviolet light irradiation method shall not be detected; the air permeability of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by an air permeability meter shall not exceed 50mL / m²·24h; the moisture permeability of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper screened by a moisture permeability meter shall not exceed 15mL / m²·24h.

[0061] 2. Detection method of total colony count of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper: Randomly cut 25g of paper of appropriate size from the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper sample of Example 1, put it into a sterile homogenizing bag, add 225mL of sterile physiological saline, and beat it with a slapping homogenizer for 1min~2min to make a 1:10 sample homogenate; dilute the sample homogenate 10 times in a series of gradients to 10⁻2 and 10⁻³, and inject 1mL of the sample homogenate of 10⁻1, 10⁻2, and 10⁻³ dilutions into sterile culture dishes, and make 2 parallel samples for each dilution; at the same time, draw 1mL of sterile physiological saline and add it to two sterile plates as a blank control. Pour about 15~20mL of plate count agar medium cooled to about 46℃~50℃ into each culture dish, shake it gently, and after the culture medium solidifies, invert the culture dish and place it in a microbial incubator at 36℃±1℃ for 48h±2h. After the culture is completed, the colony count is performed, see Table 2.

[0062] Table 2. The number of colonies of the homogenate of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper samples with different dilutions on agar medium.

[0063]

[0064] The colony count of the homogenized solution of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper sample prepared in this experiment on the culture medium with three dilution gradients did not exceed 50 CFU / g.

[0065] 3. Detection method of total mold count on Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper: Randomly cut 25g of paper of appropriate size from the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper sample of Example 1, put it into a sterile homogenizing bag, add 225mL of sterile physiological saline, beat it with a slapping homogenizer for 1min-2min to make a 1:10 sample homogenate; dilute the sample homogenate in a 10-fold series gradient to, 10 -3 , 10 -1 , 10 -2 , 10 -3 Take 1 mL of the sample solution of each dilution and inject it into a sterile culture dish. Make two parallel samples for each dilution. At the same time, take 1 mL of sterile physiological saline and add it to two sterile plates as a blank control. Pour about 15-20 mL of Bengal red agar medium cooled to about 46°C into each culture dish, shake it gently, and after the culture medium solidifies, turn the culture dish upside down and place it in a microbial incubator at 28°C±1°C for 5 days. After the culture is completed, count the colonies, see Table 3.

[0066] Table 3. The number of colonies of the homogenates of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper samples at different dilutions on Bengal red agar medium.

[0067]

[0068] The homogenized solution of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper prepared in this experiment was heated to 10 -1 , 10 -2 No mold was observed on the dilution gradient medium. -3 Only a small amount of mold was produced on the dilution gradient culture medium, and the total number of mold did not exceed 20 CFU / g.

[0069] 4. Detection method of coliform group in Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper: Randomly cut 25g of paper of appropriate size from the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper sample of Example 1, put it into a sterile homogenizing bag, add 225mL of sterile physiological saline, and beat it with a slapping homogenizer for 1min-2min to make a 1:10 sample homogenate; dilute the sample homogenate by 10 times in a series of gradients to 10-2 and 10-3, select sample homogenates of 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3 dilutions, inoculate 3 tubes of lauryl sulfate tryptone (LST) broth for each dilution, inoculate 1mL per tube (if the inoculation amount exceeds 1mL, use double-material LST broth), culture at 36℃±1℃ for 24h±2h, observe whether bubbles are generated in the inverted tube, and perform a multiple fermentation test (confirmation test) for those that produce gas for 24h±2h, and continue to culture for 48h±2h if no gas is produced, and perform a multiple fermentation test for those that produce gas. Those that do not produce gas are negative for coliform bacteria. Take one loop of culture from each gas-producing LST broth tube with an inoculation loop, transfer it to a brilliant green lactose bile salt broth (BGLB) tube, and culture at 36℃±1℃ for 48h±2h, observing the gas production. The tube that produces gas is counted as a coliform group positive tube. According to the coliform group MPN retrieval table, calculate the most probable number (MPN) of coliform group per gram of sample, see Table 4.

[0070] Table 4. Gas production of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper sample homogenates of different dilutions in brilliant green lactose bile salt broth (BGLB) tubes.

[0071]

[0072] The homogenate of the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper sample prepared in this experiment did not produce gas in all the fermentation tubes at three dilution gradients, that is, no coliform bacteria were detected.

[0073] 5. Determination of the antibacterial properties of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus: Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus were selected as model strains, and the initial bacterial suspension concentration was 1×10 6CFU / mL. The antibacterial activity of the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper of Example 1 was verified by agar diffusion method and dynamic co-culture model. In the inhibition zone experiment, the Ganoderma mycelium fiber paper was punched with a hole puncher (Φ6 mm) and attached to the surface of the culture medium inoculated with indicator bacteria. Ceftriaxone sodium (0.4 mg / mL) was used as a positive control. After constant temperature culture at 37°C for 24 h, the diameter of the inhibition zone was measured. Figure 8 and Fig. 9 .

[0074] Agar diffusion test results: The positive control (cefotaxime sodium) produced obvious inhibition zones in both bacteria. Figure 8 The Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper represented by B has an obvious antibacterial zone, indicating that it has a good antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli; Figure 8 The blank sample represented by A has a smaller inhibition zone or even no inhibition effect; Fig. 9 The Ganoderma lucidum mycelium fiber paper represented by B has an obvious antibacterial zone, indicating that it has a good antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus; Fig. 9 The blank sample represented by A has a smaller inhibition zone or even no inhibition effect.

[0075] The steps in the method of the embodiment of the present invention can be adjusted in order, combined and deleted according to actual needs. In the scheme of the present invention, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For the part that is not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, refer to the relevant description of other embodiments. The various technical features of the technical solution of the present invention can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the various technical features in the embodiment are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

[0076] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, preparation of solid fermentation edible and medicinal fungus mycelium: Inoculating the edible and medicinal fungus as a strain into a solid culture medium at an inoculation amount of 0.08 to 0.15 g / g, and fermenting and culturing for 10 to 15 days to obtain edible and medicinal fungus mycelium; Step 2, preparation of edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers: The edible and medicinal fungus mycelium is placed in a drying oven for drying, and then placed in a high-speed pounding machine for pounding to obtain edible and medicinal fungus mycelium flocs, which are then added into purified water to obtain an edible and medicinal fungus mycelium suspension, which is then placed in a centrifuge for multiple centrifugation to obtain an edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate, which is then placed in a freeze dryer for freeze drying to obtain edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers; Step 3, pulping of edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers: The edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers are placed in pure water to obtain an edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber suspension, and hydroxypropyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose are added thereto, followed by stirring to obtain an edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber slurry; Step 4, preparation of edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper: The edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber slurry is poured into a mold, formed and dehydrated to obtain the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper.

2. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The edible and medicinal fungus in step 1 is selected from any one of Hericium erinaceus, Ganoderma lucidum, Dictyophora japonica, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Auricularia auricula, and Poria cocos.

3. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The solid culture medium in step 1 comprises solid culture matrix raw materials, sucrose and water; the solid culture matrix raw materials comprise: 10-15% corn stalks, 10-20% wheat bran, 20-25% sawdust, 5-10% bean dregs, 10-15% cottonseed hulls and 30-40% corn cobs.

4. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The fermentation culture conditions in step 1 are: fermentation temperature 12-28° C., humidity 55%-85%, and CO2 concentration 15000-55000 ppm.

5. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: After step 1, the method further comprises: using a macroscopic observation method to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium that is white in color, shiny, and densely grown; using a microscopic observation method to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium that is white in color, shiny, and densely grown.

6. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium flocs in the step 2 is as follows: the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium obtained in the step 1 is placed in a drying box for drying, the temperature is set at 30-60° C., and the drying is performed for 5-8 hours to form dried edible and medicinal fungus mycelium; then, the dried edible and medicinal fungus mycelium is placed in a high-speed crusher and crushed, a six-blade cyclone blade is prepared, the power is 200 W, and the shearing is performed for 0.5-1.5 minutes to form edible and medicinal fungus mycelium flocs.

7. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium suspension in step 2 is: placing the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium flocs obtained in step 2 in pure water, stirring for 55 to 110 minutes at a temperature of 45 to 75° C., to obtain the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium suspension.

8. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate in the step 2 is as follows: placing the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium suspension obtained in the step 2 in a centrifuge for centrifugation, setting the centrifuge speed to 8000-10000 r / min, the centrifugation time to 20-30 min, pouring out the supernatant to obtain a crude edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate; washing the crude edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate with pure water for 3 times, centrifuging again, and obtaining an edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate.

9. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation method of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber in step 2 is as follows: the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium precipitate obtained in step 2 is placed in a freeze dryer for freeze drying, and freeze-dried at minus 70° C. for 8 to 10 hours to obtain the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber.

10. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium according to claim 9, characterized in that: After step 2, the method further includes: using a drying method to screen edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers with a moisture content not exceeding 3.5%; using a scanning electron microscope observation method to screen edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fibers with a length not less than 1.2 cm.

11. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium according to claim 10, characterized in that: In the step 3, the concentration of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber in the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber suspension is 12-16 g / 100 mL, the concentration of hydroxypropyl cellulose in the suspension 1 is 0.5-1 g / 100 mL; and the concentration of the carboxymethyl cellulose in the suspension 2 is 1-2 g / 100 mL.

12. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium according to claim 11, characterized in that: After step 3, the method further includes: using a rheometer to screen the viscosity of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber pulp to be no more than 40 mPa; using a Schober-type beating degree tester to screen the beating degree of the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber pulp to be no more than 50°SR.

13. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium according to claim 12, characterized in that: The specific method of step 4 is: pouring the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber pulp into a paper mold with a non-woven fabric as the bottom layer, evenly spreading the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber pulp in the paper mold with a spatula and pressing it flat, removing the mold frame, arranging the yarn carrying the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber pulp on a paper sheet former, and obtaining edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper after dehydration and drying.

14. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium according to claim 13, characterized in that: The specific conditions for forming and dehydrating and drying in step 4 are: vacuum degree of -30kPa to -50kPa, dehydration time of 30 to 120s, drying temperature of 100 to 120°C, and drying time of 30 to 120min.

15. The method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium according to claim 14, characterized in that: After step 4, the method further comprises: using a cutting and weighing method to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper to have a quantitative weight of not less than 40g / m2; using a thickness measuring instrument to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper to have a thickness of no more than 0.2mm; using a tensile testing machine to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper to have a longitudinal tensile strength of not less than 2000N / m and a transverse tensile strength of not less than 1000N / m; using an Elmendorf tear tester to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper to have a longitudinal tear strength of not less than 200mN and a transverse tear strength of not less than 1 00mN; using the national food safety standard food microbiology test method to screen the total colony count of edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper shall not exceed 50CFU / g, the total mold count shall not exceed 20CFU / g, and coliform bacteria shall not be detected; using the ultraviolet light irradiation method to screen the fluorescent substances in the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper shall not be detected; using the air permeability meter to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper, the air permeability shall not exceed 50mL / m²·24h; using the moisture permeability meter to screen the edible and medicinal fungus mycelium fiber paper, the moisture permeability shall not exceed 15mL / m²·24h.

16. Paper produced by the method for producing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. Use of the paper prepared by the method for preparing paper by solid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungal mycelium as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15 or the paper as claimed in claim 16 as food packaging paper.

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