Estuary bar sand treatment system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an estuary barrier sand treatment system and method, and relates to the field of barrier sand treatment. The estuary barrier sand treatment system comprises a water bottom fluidization module, a multidirectional turbulence excitation module and a water flow induction module. The water bottom fluidization module is used for stirring a riverbed in a treatment area, so that a deposited sand layer is locally unstable and generates suspension. Meanwhile, the multidirectional turbulence excitation module generates turbulence in the treatment area, the sediment settling speed is further reduced, the turbulence degree of the water body is enhanced, and it is ensured that sediment particles are kept in a suspended state for a long time. And the water flow induction module guides the stirred and turbulent silt to a target outlet, so that orderly conveying and discharging of the silt are realized, and efficient carrying is realized. According to the system, through local treatment and dynamic water flow induction, the treatment efficiency is improved, disturbance to the ecological environment is reduced, and the problems of high cost and high energy consumption caused by a traditional mode are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of estuary sand barrier management, and more specifically, to a system and method for estuary sand barrier management. Background Art

[0002] At the mouth of a river, sediment carried by the river is deposited when the water flow speed changes suddenly, which easily forms a sand barrier. This phenomenon is particularly common in large rivers such as the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. Taking the Yellow River as an example, since the riverbed is higher than the ground on both sides, keeping the downstream unobstructed is crucial to reducing the pressure of high water storage and flood control safety.

[0003] The traditional method of sand barrier management is usually to dredge sand through mechanized equipment. This method is not only costly and energy-intensive, but also significantly disturbs the ecological environment and is not conducive to long-term sustainable maintenance. In the process of mechanized dredging, transportation tools and dumping points are also required, which not only increases the cost of post-processing, but also has further impacts on the environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application is proposed to provide a system and method for managing estuary sand barriers to solve the problem of managing estuary sand barriers. The specific solution is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, a river mouth sand barrier control system is provided, comprising: a bottom fluidization module, a multi-directional turbulence excitation module and a water flow induction module;

[0006] The underwater fluidization module is used to stir the riverbed in the treatment area;

[0007] The multi-directional turbulence excitation module is used to generate turbulence in the treatment area;

[0008] The water flow induction module is used to guide the sediment in the treatment area after stirring and turbulence to the target outlet.

[0009] In a possible design, in another implementation of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, an intelligent control and prediction module is further included, and the intelligent control and prediction module includes a data acquisition device and a controller;

[0010] The data acquisition device is used to acquire status data, and the data acquisition device includes any one or more of a hydrological station, an acoustic Doppler current meter, an underwater camera, and an acoustic imager;

[0011] The controller is used to call a pre-trained sand layer deposition prediction model to process the state data. The sand layer deposition prediction model outputs the sand layer deposition state of the treatment area. The sand layer deposition state and state data are used to guide the operation of the bottom fluidization module, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module and the water flow induction module. The sand layer deposition prediction model is trained using different state data as training samples and different sand layer deposition states as training labels.

[0012] In one possible design, in another implementation of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the underwater fluidization module includes a movable conduit network, the movable conduit network includes at least one movable conduit, the conduit end of the movable conduit is sleeved with a connecting frame, the connecting frame is provided with a micro cylinder, the telescopic end of the micro cylinder is hinged to one side of the nozzle, and the telescopic end of the micro cylinder is used to drive the nozzle to rotate to different angles to spray liquid into the treatment area.

[0013] In one possible design, in another implementation of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the water flow induction module includes two flow guide devices and a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is used to drive the two flow guide devices to move synchronously along the guide rail to change the flow channel width and the positions of the two flow guide devices.

[0014] In one possible design, in another implementation of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module includes a hydraulic injection device, which includes a nozzle, an air compressor, a gas tank and a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is used to input the gas generated by the air compressor into the gas tank, and to transport the gas in the gas tank to the nozzle, and the nozzle generates bubbles and sprays them on the treatment area.

[0015] In one possible design, in another implementation of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module includes an acoustic disturbance device, and the acoustic disturbance device is used to generate vibrations in the treatment area.

[0016] In one possible design, in another implementation of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the movable catheter network further includes an automatic navigation and positioning module, and the automatic navigation and positioning module is used to transport the movable catheter network to the treatment area.

[0017] In one possible design, in another implementation of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the underwater fluidization module also includes a monitoring and adjustment module, which is used to scan, map and generate three-dimensional terrain data, and adjust the position of the movable conduit network according to the three-dimensional terrain data.

[0018] In a second aspect, a method for controlling an estuary sand barrier is provided, which is applied to an estuary sand barrier control system. The estuary sand barrier control system includes an underwater fluidization module, a multi-directional turbulence excitation module, and a water flow induction module. The method includes:

[0019] Stirring the riverbed of the treatment area by means of the underwater fluidization module;

[0020] Generating turbulence in the treatment area by means of the multi-directional turbulence excitation module;

[0021] After the treatment area is processed by the bottom fluidization module and the multi-directional turbulence excitation module, the sediment in the treatment area is guided to the target outlet through the water flow induction module.

[0022] In a possible design, in another implementation of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the estuary sand barrier control system further includes an intelligent control and prediction module, and the intelligent control and prediction module includes a data acquisition device and a controller; the method further includes:

[0023] The status data of the treatment area is collected by the data collection device, wherein the data collection device includes any one or more of a hydrological station, an acoustic Doppler current meter, an underwater camera, and an acoustic imager;

[0024] The controller calls a sand layer deposition prediction model to process the state data, and obtains the sand layer deposition state of the treatment area output by the sand layer deposition prediction model;

[0025] The controller generates operating instructions for guiding the bottom fluidization module, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module and the water flow induction module according to the sand layer deposition state and the state data.

[0026] By means of the above technical scheme, the present application proposes a system for managing estuary sand barriers, which includes an underwater fluidization module, a multi-directional turbulence excitation module and a water flow induction module. The underwater fluidization module is used to stir the riverbed in the management area, causing the deposited sand layer to be locally unstable and suspended. At the same time, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module generates turbulence in the management area, further reducing the sediment settling speed, enhancing the turbulence level of the water body, and ensuring that the sediment particles remain suspended for a long time. The water flow induction module guides the sediment after stirring and turbulence to the target outlet, realizing the orderly transportation and discharge of the sediment, thereby achieving efficient transportation. Through local management and dynamic water flow induction, the system not only improves the management efficiency and reduces the disturbance to the ecological environment, but also reduces the high cost and high energy consumption problems brought about by traditional methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an estuary sand barrier management system disclosed in this application;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another estuary sand barrier management system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process for constructing a sand layer deposition prediction model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a water flow induction module disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a water flow induction module disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a catheter end disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 The embodiment disclosed in this application Figure 6 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic flow chart of a method for managing estuary sand barriers disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In recent years, the problem of estuary sandbars has become increasingly serious. Estuary sandbars are a common geomorphic phenomenon in estuary areas, generally referring to the protruding accumulation formed at the junction of the estuary section and the coastal section outside the estuary. It is mainly formed by the deposition of river sand and sea sand in the estuary area. In estuaries with strong runoff, such as the Yangtze River Estuary, after the runoff flows down to the vicinity of the mouth, the water flow diffuses, the flow rate drops sharply, and a large amount of silt accumulates to form a sandbar. In estuaries with strong tidal effects, such as the Qiantang River Estuary, the amount of sand brought into the estuary during high tide is greater than the amount of sand brought out during low tide, which will also form a sandbar. In addition, the flocculation effect produced by the mixing of salt water and fresh water, as well as factors such as coastal currents, wind and waves, will also contribute to the formation of sandbars.

[0037] The formation of sandbars will have a significant impact on the hydrological conditions and shipping in estuary areas. It will raise the erosion base, hinder the discharge of water and sand from the estuary, and further affect the stability of the tailwater channel. At the same time, the water depth at the sandbar is relatively shallow, and it will become the main shoal that hinders navigation in the sea channel. Therefore, the management of sandbars is one of the important tasks of estuary management, and it is usually improved by dredging, building guide dikes and other methods. The traditional dredging method is often to dredge sand through mechanized equipment. This method is not only costly and energy-intensive, but also has obvious disturbances to the ecology, which is not conducive to long-term sustainable maintenance. At the same time, mechanized excavation requires transportation tools and dumping points, which not only increases the cost of later processing, but also has an impact on the environment. In order to solve the above problems, a system and method for managing estuary sandbars are proposed.

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] Next, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of a river estuary sand barrier control system disclosed in the present application is as follows. The river estuary sand barrier control system of the present application integrates a bottom fluidization module, a multi-directional turbulence excitation module and a water flow induction module, and the three modules achieve efficient sand barrier control through synergy.

[0040] Among them, the main function of the underwater fluidization module is to stir the riverbed in the treatment area, making the deposited sediment layer locally unstable and loose. By increasing the pore water pressure of the local bed surface, the originally consolidated fine sand particles leave the original sedimentation state and enter the suspended state, creating conditions for subsequent treatment operations.

[0041] The multi-directional turbulence excitation module further enhances the treatment effect. It generates turbulence in the treatment area, increases the mixing and disturbance of the water body, accelerates the suspension process of loosened fine sand particles, reduces the sedimentation rate, ensures that the sediment particles can remain suspended for a long time, and avoids their re-deposition.

[0042] The function of the water flow induction module is to guide the suspended sediment particles after stirring and turbulent excitation to the target outlet. This module can control the transportation path of the suspended sediment to ensure that it flows smoothly to the estuary or other predetermined areas, thereby achieving effective removal and transportation of sediment.

[0043] The present application proposes a system for managing estuary sand barriers, which includes an underwater fluidization module, a multi-directional turbulence excitation module and a water flow induction module. The underwater fluidization module is used to stir the riverbed in the management area, causing the sedimentary sand layer to be locally unstable and suspended. At the same time, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module generates turbulence in the management area, further reducing the sediment settling speed, enhancing the turbulence level of the water body, and ensuring that the sediment particles remain suspended for a long time. The water flow induction module guides the sediment after stirring and turbulence to the target outlet, realizing the orderly transportation and discharge of the sediment, thereby achieving efficient transportation. Through local management and dynamic water flow induction, the system not only improves the management efficiency and reduces the disturbance to the ecological environment, but also reduces the high cost and high energy consumption problems brought about by traditional methods.

[0044] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another estuary sand barrier control system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. The estuary sand barrier control system not only includes an underwater fluidization module, a multi-directional turbulence excitation module, and a water flow induction module, but is also equipped with an intelligent control and prediction module. The underwater fluidization module, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module, and the water flow induction module can not only be controlled by manual operation, but also can be coordinated and regulated in an automated and intelligent manner with the help of the intelligent control and prediction module to achieve control and prediction of the control process. The intelligent control and prediction module of the estuary sand barrier control system is introduced in detail below.

[0045] The intelligent control and prediction module can be composed of two parts: a data acquisition device and a controller.

[0046] Among them, the data acquisition device is used to obtain the status data of the treatment area in real time. It includes a variety of sensors, such as hydrological stations, acoustic Doppler current meters, underwater cameras, and acoustic imagers. These devices can be used alone or in combination to comprehensively monitor the key parameters of the sand layer thickness, particle size distribution, velocity field characteristics, water flow velocity, water flow direction, and sediment concentration in the treatment area. Specifically, the hydrological station can be used to monitor basic information such as water level and flow velocity, and provide the system with basic conditions of water flow; the acoustic Doppler current meter is used to measure the speed and direction of water flow and provide detailed fluid dynamics data; the underwater camera can capture real-time images of the riverbed and the surrounding environment to help identify the type and distribution of sediments; the acoustic imager generates a three-dimensional image of the riverbed through sound wave reflection, providing a more intuitive basis for analyzing the sediment deposition state. Each sensor can be synchronized and calibrated in time to ensure the consistency and accuracy of the data collected by all sensors in time and space, which not only provides high-quality input data for the sand layer deposition prediction model, but also lays a solid foundation for the prediction of sand layer deposition state and the dynamic adjustment of governance strategies.

[0047] First, the data acquisition device is used to collect data, and the collected data is denoised, formatted and the state data is extracted from the original data. The controller can call the sand layer deposition prediction model to process the collected state data. The state data reflects the sediment deposition state and hydrodynamic conditions in the treatment area. Subsequently, the state data can be input into the sand layer deposition prediction model. The state data can be parameters such as water flow velocity, water flow direction, sediment concentration, sand layer thickness, particle size distribution and velocity field characteristics. The sand layer deposition prediction model can predict future deposition trends and riverbed topography changes. The model can be developed through machine learning or deep learning algorithms, which can extract key information from massive historical data and real-time monitoring data, and establish a complex relationship between state data and sand layer deposition state. The sand layer deposition prediction model outputs the sand layer deposition state, which can refer to the accumulation of sediment on the bottom of the estuary area and its related characteristics. It is a key indicator for measuring the demand and effect of estuary sand barrier management. Specifically, the sand layer deposition state can include the following aspects: deposition rate, consolidation degree, distribution range and sediment type.

[0048] For an alternative approach, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process for constructing a sand layer deposition prediction model provided in an embodiment of the present application. In the training stage of the sand layer deposition prediction model, a variety of different and real state data of the treatment area can be collected as training samples. The data can come from a variety of sensors in the intelligent control and prediction module, such as hydrological stations, acoustic Doppler current meters, underwater cameras, and acoustic imagers, etc. The key parameters of the estuary area are monitored in real time through sensors to provide rich data support for the model.

[0049] Next, data preprocessing is performed to denoise the collected data, unify the format, and extract the state data from the raw data. The state data is stored in a database, which is used to store long-term accumulated historical data and new data updated in real time, and to back up the data regularly. Next, the model is developed, and the actual sand layer deposition results of the corresponding treatment area can be used as training labels. The labels are pre-labeled according to the actual deposition conditions, such as the thickness of the sand layer, the deposition rate, the distribution range of the sediment, etc. By combining the state data with the labels, the model can learn the intrinsic relationship between different state data and the sand layer deposition state, which can be described by complex mathematical models and algorithms, such as machine learning methods such as cluster analysis, neural networks, or decision trees. Among them, cluster analysis algorithms can be used to classify historical state data and find similar data patterns. The model performance can be evaluated through cross-validation to ensure the generalization ability of the model. The integrated learning strategy combines the advantages of multiple algorithms to optimize the model structure, thereby improving the prediction accuracy. During the training process, the model can continuously adjust its own parameters and structure to minimize the error between the predicted sand layer deposition state and the actual deposition state. Through a large number of training samples and repeated optimization processes, the model can gradually improve its prediction accuracy and generalization ability.

[0050] Finally, the fully trained model can be applied to the actual estuary sandbar management scenario. Deploy the trained model to the cloud platform to realize reasoning under real-time data input, output prediction results, and automatically adjust the working parameters of the bottom fluidization module, multi-directional turbulence excitation module and water flow induction module based on the prediction results to form a closed-loop control system. And continue to track the performance of the model, record the difference between the actual management effect and the prediction, and update and optimize the model architecture and parameter settings based on the latest observation data.

[0051] The sand layer deposition state and state data can not only provide decision support for the governance system, such as guiding the adjustment of operating parameters of the bottom fluidization module, multi-directional turbulence excitation module and water flow induction module. It can also help plan governance strategies in advance, optimize governance time and location, and initiate governance measures in a timely manner. Compared with traditional solutions, it effectively solves the problem of untimely governance caused by time delays. In addition, the sand layer deposition state of the model can also be compared and analyzed with real-time monitoring data to further optimize the model architecture and parameter settings, thereby achieving dynamic and accurate prediction and governance of the sand layer deposition state.

[0052] Alternatively, the output of the sand deposition prediction model can also include status data of the current treatment area, such as water velocity, direction, and sediment concentration, to support the real-time monitoring and feedback mechanism of the system. The output results including the status data of the current treatment area can provide a complete status report, which is convenient for the system to conduct comprehensive analysis and real-time adjustment, and support the operation of the closed-loop control system.

[0053] The intelligent control and prediction module of this embodiment realizes efficient estuary sand barrier management. The status data of the management area, including sand layer thickness, particle size distribution, velocity field characteristics, water flow speed, direction and sediment concentration, etc., are obtained in real time through a variety of sensors. The collected status data is processed using a sand layer deposition prediction model, and the relationship between the status data and the sand layer deposition state is established through machine learning or deep learning algorithms. The trained model can output the sand layer deposition state in real time, provide decision support for the adjustment of operating parameters of the bottom fluidization module, multi-directional turbulence excitation module and water flow induction module, and optimize the management strategy and schedule. The comparison and analysis of the results of the model output with the real-time monitoring data can further optimize the model parameters and realize dynamic and precise management. The intelligent control and prediction module not only improves the management efficiency and accuracy, but also reduces human intervention, providing an efficient and sustainable solution for the management of estuary sand barriers.

[0054] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another estuary sand barrier control system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application. The water flow induction module can be composed of two diversion devices and a driving component. Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water flow induction module disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a water flow induction module disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. This part of the content is introduced in detail below.

[0055] The driving assembly may include a guide rail 3, a bidirectional threaded rod 4 and a motor 5. Specifically, the two ends of the guide rail 3 are firmly mounted on the riverbed 1 through a fixed seat 2 to ensure the stability of the entire device. The direction of the guide rail 3 is perpendicular to the direction of the river, so that the guide device 6 can effectively change the width, thereby achieving control of the water flow path. The bidirectional threaded rod 4 is arranged on the fixed seat 2 and is parallel to the guide rail 3, allowing the two guide devices 6 to move synchronously along the guide rail 3 under the drive of the bidirectional threaded rod 4. The motor 5 is fixed on the fixed seat 2, and the rotor end of the motor 5 is connected to the bidirectional threaded rod 4, and the bidirectional threaded rod 4 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the motor 5. The two guide devices 6 are placed in parallel on the guide rail 3 and connected to the bidirectional threaded rod 4. The design of the guide device 6 can be a guide plate, which can change the direction and speed of the water flow. When the motor 5 is started, the bidirectional threaded rod 4 rotates accordingly, driving the two guide plates to move synchronously along the guide rail. The synchronous movement mechanism enables the guide plate to adjust the width and shape of the flow channel as needed, thereby achieving dynamic control of the water flow path.

[0056] In an optional manner, the water flow induction module can adjust the two diversion devices 6 according to the real-time monitoring data and governance needs of the intelligent control and prediction module to adapt to different water flow conditions and sediment distribution conditions. For example, when an increase in upstream water volume is detected and the water flow velocity is fast, the position of the diversion device 6 is flexibly adjusted, and the two diversion devices 6 can move away from each other, expand the flow channel cross-section, reduce the water flow velocity, and reduce the re-deposition of sediment; and during the dry season, when the water flow velocity is slow, the two diversion devices 6 can move closer to each other, reduce the flow channel cross-section, thereby increasing the water flow velocity and ensuring that the suspended sediment can be quickly taken away from the governance area. In this way, the water flow induction module not only improves the efficiency of sediment transportation, but also enhances the adaptability to complex hydrological conditions.

[0057] In addition, the design of the water flow induction module also takes into account the collaborative work with other modules of the system. Through the unified scheduling of the intelligent control and prediction modules, the water flow induction module can adjust the position and angle of the diversion device 6 in real time according to the suspended state of the sediment after fluidization and turbulence excitation, ensuring that the sediment can flow smoothly to the target outlet, further improving the efficiency and reliability of the entire estuary sand barrier control system, and providing strong support for the realization of efficient and accurate sediment control.

[0058] In this embodiment, the water flow induction module can be composed of two guide devices and a drive assembly, wherein the coordinated work of the guide rail, the bidirectional threaded rod and the motor realizes the flexible movement and precise positioning of the guide device. It not only ensures that the water flow induction module can flexibly adjust the position of the guide plate according to the real-time monitoring data and governance needs, but also dynamically optimizes the flow channel cross section according to different water flow conditions (such as increased upstream water volume or dry season), effectively reduces the re-deposition of sediment, and improves the efficiency of sediment transportation. In addition, the dynamic adjustment capability of the water flow induction module enables it to achieve efficient collaboration with other modules of the system (such as the bottom fluidization module and the multi-directional turbulence excitation module). Through the unified scheduling of the intelligent control and prediction modules, the water flow induction module can adjust the position and angle of the guide plate in real time according to the suspended state of sediment after fluidization and turbulence excitation, ensuring that the sediment can flow smoothly to the target outlet. It not only enhances the system's adaptability to complex hydrological conditions, but also further improves the efficiency and reliability of the entire estuary sand barrier management system, providing strong support for the realization of efficient sand barrier management.

[0059] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another estuary sand barrier management system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application. The underwater fluidization module includes a movable conduit network. Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a catheter end disclosed in an embodiment of the present application, see Figure 7 , Figure 7The embodiment disclosed in this application Figure 6 The structural diagram at A is enlarged, and this part is introduced in detail below.

[0060] The components of the underwater fluidization module may include a movable conduit network for stirring the riverbed in the treatment area, causing the deposited silt layer to become locally unstable and enter a suspended state. The movable conduit network includes at least one movable conduit 8, and the local structure A at the end of each movable conduit may have a connecting frame 7, which is sleeved on the end of the conduit. The connecting frame 7 can fix and support the micro cylinder 9 and provide a mounting base for the nozzle 10. The telescopic end of the micro cylinder 9 is connected to one side of the nozzle 10 in an articulated manner, allowing the nozzle 10 to rotate at multiple angles under the drive of the micro cylinder 9. Specifically, the telescopic action of the micro cylinder 9 can drive the nozzle 10 to rotate around the hinge point, thereby realizing flexible adjustment of the nozzle spray direction.

[0061] In order to adjust the nozzle angle, the part of the movable conduit 8 between the connecting frame 7 and the nozzle 10 of the local structure A at the end of the conduit is designed as a flexible structure. This flexible design enables the nozzle 10 to adjust its angle under the drive of the micro cylinder 9, so that the liquid (such as clean water or air-water mixed flow) can be sprayed to the part of the riverbed 1 that needs to be treated. By adjusting the telescopic length of the micro cylinder 9 and the rotation angle of the nozzle 10, the spray direction and spray intensity can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific conditions of the treatment area to achieve the best fluidization effect.

[0062] When the system is started, the water pump can supply water to the nozzle from the ship or shore power station. The nozzle water pressure can be adjusted according to actual needs, generally in the range of 0.5-2.0 bar. By increasing the local bed surface pore water pressure, the fine sand layer particles are loosened and leave the consolidated state, and then carried into the suspended state by the water flow.

[0063] The underwater fluidization module in this embodiment achieves efficient and flexible management of riverbed sediment through its unique movable conduit network design. The module can adjust the spray direction according to the complex riverbed topography and dynamically changing management needs to ensure the pertinence and effectiveness of the management measures. The nozzle can spray liquid to the part of the riverbed that needs to be treated according to the specific conditions of the management area, thereby effectively loosening the deposited sediment layer and putting it into a suspended state. In addition, the adjustability of the nozzle water pressure (0.5-2.0 bar) further enhances the adaptability of the system, enabling it to achieve the best fluidization effect under different water flow conditions and sediment characteristics. This technical solution not only improves the management efficiency, but also reduces the mechanical disturbance of the riverbed, reduces the impact of traditional dredging methods on the ecological environment, and provides an efficient and environmentally friendly solution for the sustainable management of estuary sand barriers.

[0064] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the monitoring and adjustment module and the automatic navigation and positioning module can also be used to determine the working position of the underwater fluidization module, which is described in detail below.

[0065] The underwater fluidization module not only has the function of stirring the riverbed, loosening the sediment and putting it into suspension, but also is equipped with a monitoring and adjustment module to achieve control and dynamic optimization of the treatment process. The component of the monitoring and adjustment module can be a multi-beam echo sounder, which is an underwater topographic mapping tool that can perform comprehensive and rapid scanning and mapping of the riverbed in the treatment area. By transmitting and receiving multi-beam acoustic signals, the multi-beam echo sounder can obtain high-density depth data on the surface of the riverbed and generate detailed three-dimensional topographic maps based on this. The three-dimensional topographic data not only clearly reflects the topographic characteristics of the riverbed, but also monitors the distribution and thickness changes of sediments in real time.

[0066] Based on three-dimensional terrain data, the monitoring and adjustment module can intelligently analyze the terrain characteristics and sedimentation status of the treatment area, and adjust the position and posture of the movable catheter network accordingly. For example, when the sediment thickness at a certain part of the riverbed is monitored to increase or the terrain changes, the system can use the path planning algorithm to dynamically adjust the position of the catheter network, avoid obstacles and ensure that it reaches the target location smoothly. By adjusting the position of the catheter network, it ensures that the nozzle can be accurately aligned with the sedimentation area that needs to be treated. The dynamic adjustment mechanism not only improves the pertinence and efficiency of fluidization operations, but also effectively avoids blind areas of treatment caused by terrain changes or uneven distribution of sediments.

[0067] In addition, the mobile catheter network can also be equipped with an automatic navigation and positioning module to ensure that the catheter network can cover the target treatment area and adjust the operating position in real time according to the changes in the riverbed topography. This module integrates a variety of high-precision navigation technologies to ensure that the catheter network can operate stably in complex underwater environments. Specifically, the automatic navigation and positioning module combines a high-precision global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and an inertial navigation system (INS) to achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy. GNSS can provide high-precision absolute position information, while INS can continuously provide relative position information by measuring the acceleration and angular velocity of the catheter network when the GNSS signal is weak or temporarily interrupted. This combined navigation method not only improves the reliability and stability of the system, but also ensures the accurate positioning capability of the catheter network in complex underwater environments. In addition, the real-time feedback function of the monitoring and adjustment module enables the entire underwater fluidization module to be adaptively adjusted according to the dynamic changes in the riverbed topography.

[0068] The automatic navigation and positioning module guides the movable conduit network to move to the treatment area according to the preset path and target location; while the monitoring and adjustment module monitors the changes in the riverbed terrain in real time and fine-tunes the location of the conduit network based on the latest three-dimensional terrain data. The automatic navigation and positioning module works together with the monitoring and adjustment module to form a dynamic feedback control system.

[0069] In this embodiment, through the coordinated work of the monitoring and adjustment module and the movable conduit network, the underwater fluidization module can achieve accurate, efficient and sustainable sediment management in the complex estuary environment. It not only enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the system, but also reduces the interference with the riverbed ecosystem, ensuring that the management process is efficient while protecting the estuary ecological environment to the greatest extent.

[0070] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module may include a hydraulic jet device, which is described in detail below.

[0071] The multi-directional turbulence excitation module can generate turbulence in the treatment area in a variety of ways, thereby enhancing the mixing and disturbance of the water flow, so that the fluidized sediment particles can be better suspended in the water to avoid their re-deposition.

[0072] The module may include a hydraulic jet device, which consists of a nozzle, an air compressor, a gas tank and a connecting pipe. The air compressor is the power source of the device and is responsible for generating high-pressure gas. The generated gas is transported to the gas tank through the connecting pipe for storage and pressure stabilization. The function of the gas tank is to ensure the stability of the gas pressure and provide a continuous high-pressure gas source for the nozzle. The connecting pipe serves as a channel for gas transmission, inputting the gas generated by the air compressor into the gas tank, and transporting the gas in the gas tank to the nozzle. The nozzle is the end-effector of the hydraulic jet device, which is designed to spray high-pressure gas into the treatment area in the form of tiny bubbles. In the process of bubbles rising in the water, it can effectively reduce the sedimentation rate, and generate local turbulence through the rupture of bubbles, further enhancing the mixing and disturbance of the water flow.

[0073] As an option, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module can also be equipped with an acoustic disturbance device, which can be a low-frequency sound wave transducer. The low-frequency sound wave transducer can generate low-frequency sound wave vibrations, and its frequency range is usually between 30-150Hz. When low-frequency sound waves propagate in the water body, they will produce strong vibrations and pressure fluctuations in the treatment area. The vibration can increase the turbulence intensity in the local area of ​​the bottom of the water, further loosen the deposited sediment particles, and make them easier to be carried by the water flow. The vibration frequency and intensity of the low-frequency sound wave transducer can be adjusted according to the specific conditions of the treatment area (such as sediment particle size, sediment thickness and water flow conditions) to achieve the best excitation effect.

[0074] In this embodiment, through the synergistic effect of the hydraulic jet device and the acoustic disturbance device, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module can form multi-directional and multi-level turbulence in the treatment area. Turbulence can not only effectively reduce the sediment settling speed, but also enhance the mixing and disturbance of the water flow, so that the sediment particles remain suspended for a long time. This design significantly improves the efficiency of sediment transportation, while reducing the mechanical disturbance of the riverbed and reducing the impact of traditional dredging methods on the ecological environment.

[0075] Based on the above embodiments, the present application also provides a method for managing estuary sand barriers, which can be performed by a estuary sand barrier management system. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling estuary sand barriers disclosed in an embodiment of the present application, and this part is introduced in detail below.

[0076] Step S100: stirring the riverbed of the treatment area by using the underwater fluidization module.

[0077] Specifically, the riverbed in the treatment area is stirred by the underwater fluidization module, which can achieve local loosening and suspension of the sedimentary sand layer. Through intelligent underwater fluidization treatment, not only can the sedimentary sand layer be loosened, but also excessive disturbance of the riverbed can be reduced, reducing the impact on the ecological environment, providing basic conditions for subsequent multi-directional turbulence excitation and water flow induction, and ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of the entire estuary sand barrier treatment process.

[0078] Step S110: generating turbulence in the treatment area by using the multi-directional turbulence excitation module.

[0079] Specifically, by generating turbulence in the treatment area through the multi-directional turbulence excitation module, the hydrodynamic conditions of the local water area can be enhanced, thereby accelerating the loosened sediment particles to enter a suspended state and maintain their suspension, thereby preventing the sediment from re-depositing.

[0080] Step S120: After the treatment area is processed by the bottom fluidization module and the multi-directional turbulence excitation module, the sediment in the treatment area is guided to the target outlet through the water flow induction module.

[0081] Specifically, after the treatment area is processed by the bottom fluidization module and the multi-directional turbulence excitation module, the sediment particles have been effectively loosened and suspended in the water. At this time, the water flow induction module guides the sediment in the treatment area to the target outlet to ensure that the sediment is transported and discharged. By dynamically adjusting the water flow path and flow rate, the sediment transportation conditions are optimized to avoid sediment deposition in the treatment area, thereby achieving the treatment of the estuary sand barrier. This not only reduces the disturbance to the ecological environment, but also reduces the high cost and high energy consumption problems caused by traditional dredging methods.

[0082] The present embodiment provides a method for treating estuary sand barriers. First, the riverbed in the treatment area is stirred by the bottom fluidization module, which can effectively loosen the deposited sand layer and make it partially suspended, which not only destroys the consolidation structure of the sand layer, but also reduces the excessive disturbance of the riverbed, reduces the impact on the ecological environment, and provides basic conditions for subsequent treatment steps. Then, turbulence is generated in the treatment area by the multi-directional turbulence excitation module, which enhances the hydrodynamic conditions of the local water area, accelerates the suspension of the loosened sediment particles, and prevents them from re-depositing, further optimizing the treatment effect. Finally, the sediment particles after the bottom fluidization and multi-directional turbulence excitation treatment are guided to the target outlet by the water flow induction module. The water flow induction module optimizes the sediment transportation conditions by adjusting the water flow path and flow rate, ensures that the sediment is efficiently transported and discharged from the treatment area, and avoids the secondary deposition of the sediment. The entire treatment process not only improves the sediment transportation efficiency, but also reduces the high cost and high energy consumption problems brought by the traditional dredging method, while taking into account the protection of the ecological environment, and realizing the efficiency, accuracy and sustainability of the estuary sand barrier treatment.

[0083] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the estuary sand barrier management method can also utilize the intelligent control and prediction module to guide the operation of the other three modules, which is described in detail below.

[0084] Specifically, the intelligent control and prediction module consists of a data acquisition device and a controller. First, the status data of the treatment area is collected in real time through the data acquisition device. The data acquisition device integrates a series of sensors, including but not limited to hydrological stations, acoustic Doppler current meters, underwater cameras and acoustic imagers, to comprehensively monitor the key parameters of the treatment area, such as water flow velocity, water flow direction, sediment concentration, sand layer thickness, particle size distribution and riverbed topography. Subsequently, the controller calls the sand layer deposition prediction model to process the collected status data. Finally, the model outputs the sand layer deposition status of the treatment area. Finally, the controller generates operating instructions to guide the bottom fluidization module, multi-directional turbulence excitation module and water flow induction module based on the sand layer deposition status and status data.

[0085] An optional method is to dynamically adjust the water pressure and injection angle of the nozzle of the underwater fluidization according to the thickness of the current sand layer and the distribution of particle size. When it is monitored that the sand layer is thick or the degree of consolidation is high, the water pressure of the nozzle can be automatically increased, and a multi-angle impact method can be used to loosen the sand layer more effectively, loosen its particles and put them into a suspended state, ensuring the efficiency and pertinence of the fluidization treatment. The working parameters of the multi-directional turbulence excitation module can also be adjusted according to the flow field characteristics and sediment concentration. The module injects bubbles into the water body through a hydraulic jet device and uses an acoustic perturbation device to generate low-frequency acoustic vibrations to enhance the turbulence level in the local water area. When the water flow velocity is low, the system automatically increases the bubble injection amount and the acoustic vibration frequency, thereby enhancing the turbulence effect, reducing the sediment settling velocity, and allowing the sediment particles to remain suspended for a longer time, thereby improving the sediment transportation efficiency. The position and flow channel width of the diversion device can also be dynamically adjusted according to the water flow velocity and direction to optimize the water flow path and guide the suspended sediment to the target area.

[0086] Furthermore, the sand layer deposition prediction module can be used to monitor the management status of each module in real time, record the actual effect of each management and compare and analyze it with the prediction results, and then optimize the model architecture and parameter settings based on the latest monitoring data.

[0087] Optionally, an estuary sand barrier management system and method proposed in this application can be subject to ecological risk and environmental impact assessments before and after implementation. Since sand resuspension may cause a short-term increase in water turbidity, the start-up time must be planned to avoid the breeding period of sensitive fish or the most vulnerable season of aquatic organisms. If implemented reasonably, large-scale excavation and mechanical dredging can be reduced, thereby reducing long-term ecological disturbances.

[0088] This embodiment significantly improves the intelligence level and management effect of estuary sandbar management by introducing intelligent control and prediction modules to predict the sedimentation state of the sand layer and guide the operation of the bottom fluidization module, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module and the water flow induction module. In summary, the introduction of the intelligent control and prediction module realizes real-time monitoring, accurate prediction and dynamic adjustment of the management process, making the estuary sandbar management more efficient, accurate and environmentally friendly. It not only reduces the disturbance to the ecological environment, but also reduces the high cost and high energy consumption problems caused by traditional dredging methods, providing strong technical support for the sustainable management of estuary sandbars.

[0089] Furthermore, in order to improve governance effectiveness and response speed, it also includes the use of AI models for prediction. This part is introduced in detail below.

[0090] The AI ​​model uses machine learning algorithms and deep learning models to integrate water flow velocity, suspended sediment concentration, meteorological conditions and upstream sediment transport data to predict the trend of sediment resuspension and downstream transport, and conducts modeling and optimization, which not only helps to plan governance strategies in advance, but also provides more accurate parameter adjustment suggestions in actual operations. The AI ​​model can start the system in advance during expected high flow periods, or adjust the angle and water pressure of the nozzle 10 under specific meteorological conditions to ensure that the sediment can be effectively transported; when the sensor detects a certain thickness of loose sediment layer on the riverbed and the hydrodynamics are suitable, the AI ​​model automatically starts the underwater fluidization module, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module and the water flow induction module, so that the sediment in the barrier sand area is always in a controllable migration state, which can effectively improve governance efficiency and reduce unnecessary energy consumption.

[0091] It should be noted that the AI ​​model is an optional method of sand layer deposition prediction model. The sand layer deposition prediction model can adopt a variety of technical means, including but not limited to AI models. These models make predictions and optimizations by analyzing historical data and real-time monitoring data to guide the operation of each module of the system. The advantage of the AI ​​model is that it can assist in processing complex data relationships and provide accurate prediction results, which is conducive to improving the governance efficiency and effectiveness of the overall system.

[0092] Further, examples of equipment and engineering solutions mentioned in this application can be referenced as follows:

[0093] 1. Mobile bed fluidization platform: A modified ship is equipped with an underwater telescopic arm with a fluidization nozzle module attached to the end of the arm. The module can sink to the target position on the bottom of the water and spray clean water or air-water mixed flow at a fixed point to loosen the bottom sand particles and float them up. It can be started at a favorable tidal period at the estuary. When the water flow accelerates back into the sea, the suspended sediment will naturally spread downstream;

[0094] 2. Fixed-point disturbance base station on the shore: On the shore of the key barrier sand deposition area at the estuary, a fixed-point nozzle, drainage pipe and water pump station are buried. When the tide level is suitable, the spraying is turned on to fluidize the sand and transport it away from the mouth with the help of natural water flow;

[0095] 3. Acoustic disturbance auxiliary system: Install a low-frequency sound wave source at the bottom or side wall, and experimentally verify the optimal frequency range of 20-200 Hz and energy intensity to increase the gap between bottom sand particles and improve the efficiency of the fluidization nozzle.

[0096] Furthermore, the hydraulic and sediment dynamics principles involved in this application are as follows: critical starting velocity and Reynolds number and Froude number analysis of sediment can help determine the nozzle 10 outlet pressure, flow rate and action time; virtual experiments are conducted on the fluidization process through CFD numerical simulation to optimize the nozzle density, injection duration and flow matching.

[0097] Furthermore, the process of the laboratory and small-scale tests of the present application is as follows: first, the bed sand structure and the action process of the fluidization device are simulated in the experimental flume, the sediment resuspension concentration, the suspended sediment transport rate and the settling characteristics are recorded, the functional relationship between the fluidization and the natural water flow conditions is fitted, and the optimal operating parameters are found;

[0098] Gradually expand the scale of the test area: conduct preliminary tests in smaller estuary branches or small areas that do not affect the main channel to verify the feasibility and effectiveness, continuously calibrate the numerical model and control strategy based on the measured data, and gradually expand the scope of application on the basis of ensuring safety and ecological balance.

[0099] Furthermore, this application can be combined with the original research concept: in the existing framework of ultrasonic algae removal, water quality monitoring and AI decision-making system, a data feature set is established for the sand barrier area: including sediment particle size distribution, tidal cycle, flow velocity field distribution, canal water level and salinity gradient and other information. By integrating this data, AI provides decision makers with simple and easy-to-understand suggestions, such as "turning on the fluidization nozzle for 1020 minutes one hour before tomorrow's high tide can significantly reduce the height of the sand dam."

[0100] Furthermore, this application can be connected with pumped storage and gravity energy storage technologies: if there are similar energy storage facilities near the estuary, they can provide cheap energy for devices such as jet pumps when there is surplus electricity. They will not work during peak electricity consumption to reduce costs. In different seasonal and interannual changes, the stirring frequency and intensity can be flexibly adjusted according to the laws of sediment transportation and shipping needs to keep the waterway open within an economically affordable range.

[0101] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The various embodiments can be combined as needed, and the same or similar parts can refer to each other.

Claims

1. A estuary sand barrier management system, characterized in that: include: Bottom fluidization module, multi-directional turbulence excitation module and water flow induction module; The underwater fluidization module is used to stir the riverbed in the treatment area; The multi-directional turbulence excitation module is used to generate turbulence in the treatment area; The water flow induction module is used to guide the sediment in the treatment area after stirring and turbulence to the target outlet.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes an intelligent control and prediction module, which includes a data acquisition device and a controller; The data acquisition device is used to acquire status data, and the data acquisition device includes any one or more of a hydrological station, an acoustic Doppler current meter, an underwater camera, and an acoustic imager; The controller is used to call a pre-trained sand layer deposition prediction model to process the state data. The sand layer deposition prediction model outputs the sand layer deposition state of the treatment area. The sand layer deposition state and state data are used to guide the operation of the bottom fluidization module, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module and the water flow induction module. The sand layer deposition prediction model is trained using different state data as training samples and different sand layer deposition states as training labels.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The underwater fluidization module includes a movable conduit network, which includes at least one movable conduit. The end of the movable conduit is provided with a connecting frame, and a micro cylinder is provided on the connecting frame. The telescopic end of the micro cylinder is hinged to one side of the nozzle, and the telescopic end of the micro cylinder is used to drive the nozzle to rotate to different angles to spray liquid into the treatment area.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The water flow induction module includes two flow guiding devices and a driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly is used to drive the two flow guiding devices to move synchronously along the guide rail to change the flow channel width and the positions of the two flow guiding devices.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The multi-directional turbulence excitation module includes a hydraulic injection device, which includes a nozzle, an air compressor, a gas tank and a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is used to input the gas generated by the air compressor into the gas tank, and to transport the gas in the gas tank to the nozzle. The nozzle generates bubbles and sprays them on the treatment area.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The multi-directional turbulence excitation module includes an acoustic disturbance device, which is used to generate vibrations in the treatment area.

7. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The movable catheter network further comprises an automatic navigation and positioning module, and the automatic navigation and positioning module is used to transport the movable catheter network to the treatment area.

8. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The underwater fluidization module also includes a monitoring and adjustment module, which is used for scanning, mapping and generating three-dimensional terrain data, and adjusting the position of the movable conduit network according to the three-dimensional terrain data.

9. A method for controlling estuary sand barriers, characterized in that: Applied to an estuary sand barrier control system, the estuary sand barrier control system includes an underwater fluidization module, a multi-directional turbulence excitation module and a water flow induction module, and the method includes: Stirring the riverbed of the treatment area by means of the underwater fluidization module; Generating turbulence in the treatment area by means of the multi-directional turbulence excitation module; After the treatment area is processed by the bottom fluidization module and the multi-directional turbulence excitation module, the sediment in the treatment area is guided to the target outlet through the water flow induction module.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The estuary sand barrier control system further includes an intelligent control and prediction module, which includes a data acquisition device and a controller; the method further includes: The status data of the treatment area is collected by the data collection device, wherein the data collection device includes any one or more of a hydrological station, an acoustic Doppler current meter, an underwater camera, and an acoustic imager; The controller calls a sand layer deposition prediction model to process the state data, and obtains the sand layer deposition state of the treatment area output by the sand layer deposition prediction model; The controller generates operating instructions for guiding the bottom fluidization module, the multi-directional turbulence excitation module and the water flow induction module according to the sand layer deposition state and the state data.

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