Split type punching, cave-forming and spray-eliminating drilling tool for outburst coal seam crossing drilling and working station used by drilling tool

Abstract

The outburst coal seam layer-penetrating drilling split type punching, hole-forming and spray-eliminating drilling tool comprises a punching and pipe-planting drill bit and a double-channel drill rod, and a self-blockage-clearing and spray-eliminating device and / or a hole-forming jet device are / is further arranged between the punching and pipe-planting drill bit and the double-channel drill rod; an annular flow supply channel flowing towards the punching pipe planting drill bit and a central exhaust pipe planting channel with the flow direction opposite to that of the annular flow supply channel are arranged in the punching pipe planting drill bit, the self-blockage-cleaning spray eliminating device and the hole forming jet device; the drilling tool has the advantages that the drilling tool is of a split structure, various split combination modes can be adopted according to different coal seam conditions, the adaptive capacity of the drilling tool is improved, the drilling tool is particularly suitable for layer-crossing drilling with the large coal seam dip angle, and when the coal seam dip angle is large, many nearly-horizontal and downward-inclined drilling can occur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gas extraction drilling, permeability enhancement and blowout prevention in a protruding coal seam, and in particular to a split-type punching, hole-making and blowout prevention drilling tool for drilling through a protruding coal seam and a use station thereof. Background Art

[0002] The through-layer drilling of the protruding coal seam is a common drilling hole for gas extraction in the protruding coal seam. Through-layer drilling is used to construct through-layer drilling holes in the area to be excavated or mined in the protruding coal seam, and hydraulic punching and hydraulic cavitation are carried out in the coal hole section of the through-layer drilling hole to increase permeability. This is the main means of increasing permeability for gas extraction in the protruding coal seam. After the drill enters the coal hole section of the through-layer drilling hole, if a soft coal seam is encountered, the drill bit can be used for hydraulic punching to drop coal; if a hard coal seam is encountered, the radial ejector between the drill bit and the drill rod can be used for hydraulic cavitation to drop coal. The phenomenon of through-layer drilling of protruding coal seams is common. In order to prevent the gas from exceeding the limit in the through-layer drilling hole, the traditional practice is to install a blowout prevention system composed of a four-way, a hose, a box, an air bag, etc. at the hole mouth to avoid the gas generated by the blowout hole from overflowing into the tunnel space as much as possible, so as to prevent the occurrence of gas exceeding the limit in the blowout hole. The existing off-hole blowout prevention system plays an important role in preventing and controlling blowout gas exceeding the limit. It can cope with most blowout phenomena without causing blowout gas exceeding the limit accidents. However, in the gas abnormal zone, the blowout phenomenon is extremely violent. The existing blowout prevention system is still difficult to avoid the occurrence of blowout gas exceeding the limit accidents. The violent blowout phenomenon will cause four-way leakage, hose detachment, hose thread drawing, box damage, airbag rupture and other destructive phenomena, which will lead to the occurrence of blowout gas exceeding the limit accidents. In addition, the existing off-hole blowout prevention system does not work for delayed blowout after drilling back, and the scale and harm of delayed blowout are greater. There are cases showing that delayed blowout can spray tens of tons or even hundreds of tons of coal slag and thousands or even tens of thousands of cubic meters of gas in a very short period of time.

[0003] Aiming at the problem of blowout in oblique through-layer drilling in gas anomaly zones of protruding coal seams, the applicant has conducted a lot of theoretical exploration. In order to reveal the blowout mechanism of gas anomaly zones and reasonably explain the blowout phenomenon, the applicant has proposed three new concepts, namely "loose hole gas bag", "restricted outburst" and "gas blocking plug", referred to as "loose hole gas bag outburst blocking hypothesis". "Loose hole gas bag" means: a quasi-filled cave containing gas storage space formed by loose fracture zones and cave zones formed by punching holes in the coal hole section. "Restricted outburst" means: intermittent small-scale coal and gas outbursts constrained by limited space occurring in "loose hole gas bag". "Gas blocking plug" means: water coal slag or dry coal slag enters the rock hole section of the through-layer drilling under the action of its own weight to form an annular plug or cylindrical plug that delays gas leakage. It can be divided into two types: drilled gas blocking plug and undrilled gas blocking plug. Based on the "Songdong Gas Bag Sudden Blockage Hypothesis", two important inferences are drawn: First, if the gas blocking effect of the "gas blocking plug" in the rock hole section can be eliminated, the energy gathering and pressure increasing trend of the "Songdong gas bag" can be blocked, thereby eliminating the risk of excessive gas in the blowhole; second, the design and invention of dual-channel special drilling tools can eliminate the gas blocking effect of the "gas blocking plug" in the rock hole section throughout the whole process, and it is feasible to achieve full-process blowout elimination. The meaning of full-process blowout elimination has two levels: enabling the drilling tool to have the function of gas drainage while drilling, relying on the exhaust of the drill pipe to eliminate the gas blocking effect of the "gas blocking plug", and eliminate the risk of blowholes during hydraulic punching and cavitation, referred to as "drilling blowout elimination"; enabling the drilling tool to have the function of planting a pipe with the withdrawal of the drill before the withdrawal of the drill to implant a gas-guiding screen tube, relying on the exhaust of the planting pipe to eliminate the gas blocking effect of the "gas blocking plug", and eliminate the risk of blowholes during and after the withdrawal of the drill, referred to as "planting pipe blowout elimination".

[0004] In order to realize the above-mentioned anti-blowout hole method relying on the structural characteristics of the drill tool, the applicant has applied for a number of related patents, mainly including "Through-layer drilling extraction drilling tool and anti-blowout hole gas extraction method while drilling" (application number CN2022102513533.3), "Through-layer drilling ring flow supply self-cleaning and plugging split bottom hole extraction and blowout prevention drilling tool" (application number CN202310838603.8), "Protruding coal seam through-layer drilling hydraulic hole making and active blowout prevention integrated drilling tool" (application number CN202410340447.7), "Through-layer drilling ring flow supply self-cleaning and plugging integrated The first three patents involve issues such as hydraulic cavitation jet control valves, air intake and exhaust blowout prevention components, etc. There are still many defects in the process of trial production and implementation that need to be gradually improved. From the perspective of continuous technological progress and the gradual formation of a patent protection system for blowout prevention drill tools, the present invention intends to overcome the following defects that the applicant has applied for patents for: First, in order to control the switching of axial flow supply for drilling and radial jet for cavitation, the sliding part in the sliding valve assembly in the aforementioned invention slides along the inner wall of the multifunctional outer rod body. The inner wall of the multifunctional outer rod body can neither adopt chrome plating anti-rust process nor spray anti-rust process due to its small inner diameter. Therefore, the multifunctional outer rod body is forced to use high-strength and high-quality stainless steel (P550). There is no universal pipe for high-strength and high-quality stainless steel, and customized processing rods are required. Then the multifunctional outer rod body is processed from the rods. This results in complicated processing technology and high processing cost of the cavitation spray suppressor.

[0005] Second, the exhaust and inlet and outlet blowout suppressor components of the hole-making blowout suppressor have three types of channels located in the same section, namely, the exhaust pipe channel at the axial center position, multiple flow supply channels at the axial edge position, and multiple radial air inlet holes. The aforementioned invention uses a cross-border pipe to pass through the multifunctional outer rod body, the middle flow support pipe and the thin-walled inner pipe, which leads to many exhaust and outlet blowout suppressor components, complex assembly process, and great sealing difficulty, which also affects the strength of the hole-making blowout suppressor.

[0006] Third, radial cavitation jet requires high water pressure to be turned on. If soft and protruding coal seams are encountered, there is no need to use high-pressure water from the pump. Innovating the drill bit and giving it a quasi-radial (oblique) punching function can achieve punching and cavitation under static pressure water conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the drill bit. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a split-type punching, hole-making and blowout-eliminating drill tool for drilling through a protruding coal seam and its use station. In view of the problems existing in the prior art, a hydraulic hole-making and blowout-eliminating drill tool is systematically designed.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A split-type punching, caving and blowout prevention drilling tool for drilling through a protruding coal seam, comprising a punching, pipe-planting drill bit and a double-channel drill rod, wherein a self-clearing, plugging and blowout prevention device and / or a caving ejector is further provided between the punching, pipe-planting drill bit and the double-channel drill rod; The punching pipe planting drill bit, the self-clearing and anti-blocking sprayer and the hole-making ejector are provided with a ring supply channel for flowing to the punching pipe planting drill bit and a central exhaust pipe planting channel in the opposite direction of the ring supply channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the punching and planting pipe drill bit includes a cover-losing drill bit and an anti-slag internal component located in the inner cavity of the cover-losing drill bit.

[0010] Furthermore, a blade wing is installed at the front end of the lost cap drill bit, a lost cap is arranged at the center of the front end of the lost cap drill bit, and the lost cap drill bit is also provided with forked water holes corresponding to the blade wings one by one and enabling the punching and planting pipe drill bit to have the function of punching and expanding holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the anti-slag internal component includes a neck reduction tube, a first support ring is sleeved on the outer side of the neck reduction tube to support it in the lost cover drill bit, a movable anti-slag sliding ring is also sleeved on the outer side of the neck reduction tube, a prestressed spring is arranged between the anti-slag sliding ring and the first support ring, and a first sealing ring for isolating the ring flow supply channel and the central exhaust pipe channel is also arranged on the side of the neck reduction tube away from the lost cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the self-cleaning and anti-blocking sprayer includes an air intake outer rod body, an air intake and exhaust inner pipe group installed inside the air intake outer rod body, and a flushing and anti-blocking component installed on the pipe wall of the air intake outer rod body.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer wall of the air intake outer rod body is provided with a stepped radial air intake groove connected to the inner air intake and exhaust pipe group, a special-shaped groove for installing a flushing and anti-blocking component, and a flushing and drainage hole connected to the flushing and anti-blocking component.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner intake and exhaust pipe group includes a special-shaped porous pipe, the outer wall of which is respectively provided with a second support ring and a third support ring to support it in the intake outer rod body, and one end of the special-shaped porous pipe is also provided with a second sealing ring for isolating the ring supply channel and the central exhaust pipe channel; The special-shaped porous tube is provided with convex ribs corresponding to the step-shaped radial air inlet grooves one by one, and the convex ribs are provided with radial air inlet holes penetrating the special-shaped porous tube.

[0015] Furthermore, the flushing and anti-blocking assembly includes a filter mesh, a mesh thread cover for fixing the filter mesh in the flushing and drainage hole, and a thin tube for draining from the flushing and drainage hole and flushing the sieve hole air intake plate; The sieve hole air inlet plate is installed on the stepped radial air inlet groove, and the end of the capillary tube away from the flushing and drainage hole is connected to the check block, and the check block is fixed on the special-shaped groove through a pressure cover.

[0016] Furthermore, the cavitation ejector comprises an ejection outer rod body and an exhaust pipe located inside the ejection outer rod body; The jet outer rod body is provided with a jet nozzle, the inner wall of the jet outer rod body is installed with a radial flow ring and a two-way limit ring, and the radial flow ring is provided with a jet guide hole connected with the jet nozzle.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer wall of the exhaust pipe is respectively provided with a fourth support ring and a fifth support ring for supporting it in the jet outer rod body, and one end of the exhaust pipe is also provided with a third sealing ring for isolating the ring supply channel and the central exhaust plant pipe channel; The exhaust pipe is also provided with a flow control assembly, the flow control assembly comprises a first flow control device and a second flow control device arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the ring flow supply channel, the first flow control device comprises a first retaining ring fixed on the outside of the exhaust pipe and a flow control sliding ring that can slide along the outside of the exhaust pipe, and a first spring is provided between the first retaining ring and the flow control sliding ring; The second flow control device comprises a second retaining ring fixed on the outside of the exhaust pipe and a non-return sliding ring that can slide along the outside of the exhaust pipe, a second spring is arranged between the second retaining ring and the non-return sliding ring, and a leakage hole is opened on the non-return sliding ring; The elastic force of the first spring is greater than the elastic force of the second spring.

[0018] Furthermore, an oblique flow hole is provided on the side of the flow control sliding ring away from the first retaining ring, and a leakage groove for facilitating the outflow of flushing medium is provided on the side of the flow control sliding ring close to the first retaining ring, and the first retaining ring is a gear-shaped retaining ring.

[0019] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a use station of a split-type punching hole-making and blowout-eliminating drilling tool for drilling through a protruding coal seam. Based on the aforementioned integrated hydraulic hole-making and blowout-eliminating device for drilling through a protruding coal seam, the use stations are divided into the following three types: S1. At the drilling stop position, there is no water flow in the ring flow supply channel. The flow control sliding ring moves left under the action of the first spring to contact the radial flow ring and block the jet guide hole; the check sliding ring moves left under the action of the second spring to contact the right end of the two-way limit ring and cut off the ring flow supply channel; the anti-slag sliding ring moves left under the action of the prestressed spring to block the bifurcated water outlet to prevent coal slag from entering.

[0020] S2, at the drilling and punching station, low-pressure water is introduced into the ring flow channel. At this time, the water pressure is less than the elastic force of the first spring, and the flow control sliding ring cannot be pushed to the right. The jet guide hole is still in a blocked state, but the water flow can enter the ring flow channel along the oblique flow hole, and push the check sliding ring to move to the right during the rightward flow process, and fully separate from the right end of the two-way limit ring, so that the water flow can continue to flow to the right. Part of the water flow rushes out along the flushing drainage hole to supply the flushing anti-blocking component, and the remaining water flow pushes the anti-slag sliding ring to overcome the elastic force of the prestressed spring and move to the right, and then flows out along the bifurcated water outlet hole to cool the blade; S3. At the jet cavitation station, high-pressure water is introduced into the ring flow supply channel. At this time, the water pressure is greater than the elastic force of the first spring, pushing the flow control sliding ring to the right until it contacts the left end of the two-way limit ring. The jet guide hole is not blocked, and part of the water flow can be sprayed out along the jet nozzle to perform jet cavitation. The remaining water flow flows forward along the ring flow supply channel and the discharge groove, pushing the check sliding ring to the right, and not fully separating from the right end of the two-way limit ring. After that, the water flows out along the flushing drainage hole to supply the flushing anti-blocking component. The remaining water flow is not enough to push the anti-slag sliding ring. At this time, the anti-slag sliding ring still blocks the bifurcated water outlet.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The punching hole making and blowout prevention drilling tool adopts a split structure. It can adopt a variety of split combination modes according to different coal seam conditions, which increases its adaptability. It is especially suitable for drilling holes with large coal seam inclination. When the coal seam inclination is large, more near-horizontal and inclined holes will appear.

[0022] 2. The punching pipe planting drill bit is provided with a bifurcated water outlet hole, so that the punching pipe planting drill bit has a better punching and hole-making function. If a soft coal seam is encountered, it can replace the hole-making ejector; the punching pipe planting drill bit is provided with a recyclable and reusable anti-slag intrusion internal component, which not only helps to save costs, but also the prestressed tension spring contained in the anti-slag intrusion internal component has the function of maintaining the minimum flushing water pressure of the self-cleaning and anti-blocking sprayer.

[0023] 3. The flow control sliding ring in the cavitation ejector is a sliding ring with a special structure that can pass flow obliquely, so that both the flow control sliding ring and the check sliding ring can slide along the outer wall of the chrome-plated exhaust pipe, avoiding the problem of rust prevention on the inner wall of the jet outer rod. Compared with the sliding ring sliding along the inner wall of the jet outer rod, the processing cost of the cavitation ejector is reduced by three to five times. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is the overall structure diagram of the drilling tool for punching holes, creating holes and eliminating blowout; Figure 2 This is the structural diagram of the punching tube drill bit; Figure 3 This is the structure diagram of the air intake outer rod of the self-clearing and anti-blocking sprayer; Figure 4 This is the structure diagram of the intake and exhaust inner pipe group of the self-cleaning and anti-blocking sprayer; Figure 5 This is a diagram of the flushing and anti-blocking components of the self-clearing and anti-blocking sprayer; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the self-clearing and anti-blocking sprayer; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the jet outer rod of the cavitation ejector; Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the flow control components of the cavitation ejector; Fig. 9 This is the assembly and workstation diagram of the cavitation ejector; Fig.10 The workstation diagram of the drilling tool for punching holes and eliminating blowout; Fig.11 This is a diagram showing the combination of drilling tools for punching holes and eliminating blowout.

[0025] The drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limitations on this patent. In order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the split-type punching, cavitation and blowout prevention drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam of this embodiment comprises a punching and pipe-planting drill bit 1 and a dual-channel drill rod 6. According to different working conditions, a self-cleaning, blockage-eliminating and blowout-eliminating device 2 and a cavitation jet 3 can be simultaneously arranged between the punching and pipe-planting drill bit 1 and the dual-channel drill rod 6, or only the self-cleaning, blockage-eliminating and blowout-eliminating device 2 can be arranged, or only the cavitation jet 3 can be arranged.

[0028] The punching pipe drill 1, the self-cleaning plugging and spraying device 2 and the cavitation ejector 3 are provided with a ring supply channel 4 flowing toward the punching pipe drill 1 and a central exhaust pipe channel 5 flowing in the opposite direction to the ring supply channel 4. The medium flowing in the ring supply channel 4 is generally water, which is used to supply water to the punching pipe drill 1 and the self-cleaning plugging and spraying device 2, and the medium flowing in the central exhaust pipe channel 5 is generally gas, which is discharged from the mined coal seam.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the punching and planting pipe drill bit 1 comprises a cover-losing drill bit 11 and a slag-inhibiting inner component 12 located in the inner cavity of the cover-losing drill bit 11 .

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown in a, a blade wing is installed at the front end of the lost cover drill bit 11, and a lost cover 111 is arranged at the center of the front end of the lost cover drill bit 11. The lost cover drill bit 11 is also provided with forked water holes 112 corresponding to the blade wings one by one. The forked water holes 112 enable the punching and planting pipe drill bit 1 to have a better punching and hole expansion function (i.e., an oblique punching and hole making function).

[0031] like Figure 2As shown in FIG. 1 b, the anti-slag internal component 12 includes a necked tube 123, and a first support ring 122 is sleeved on the outer side of the necked tube 123 to support it in the lost cover drill bit 11. A movable anti-slag sliding ring 125 is also sleeved on the outer side of the necked tube 123. The surface of the necked tube 123 is chrome-plated, firstly to improve its strength and facilitate the movement of the anti-slag sliding ring 125; secondly, it is easy to recycle and reuse. A prestressed spring 124 is arranged between the anti-slag sliding ring 125 and the first support ring 122. The prestressed spring 124 is a tension spring. The side of the necked tube 123 away from the lost cover 111 is also provided with a first sealing ring 121 for isolating the ring supply channel 4 and the central exhaust pipe channel 5. The gap between the necked tube 123 and the inner cavity of the uncovered drill bit 11 is the ring flow supply channel of this section, and the inner hole of the necked tube 123 is the central exhaust pipe channel of this section; the pre-tensioning force of the prestressed spring 124 is set according to the minimum drilling hydrostatic pressure and the sliding friction force of the anti-slag slip ring 125.

[0032] like Figure 2 c and Figure 2 d is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the cover-losing drill bit 11 and the anti-slag internal component 12, wherein Figure 2 c is the drilling stop position, Figure 2 d is the drilling and punching station.

[0033] In this embodiment, the lost cover 111 is a disposable consumable and needs to be replaced each time it is used. The lost cover drill bit 11 is replaced according to the wear of its blade; the anti-slag internal component is a reusable assembly. After the lost cover drill bit is worn and scrapped, the anti-slag internal component can be disassembled, recycled, and reused, which can greatly reduce the consumable cost of the drill bit.

[0034] In this embodiment, the punching pipe planting drill bit 1 is a lost cover drill bit. In some embodiments, it can also be a rotary opening and closing cover drill bit (i.e., the drill bit disclosed in the applicant's prior application "202310838603.8, through-layer drilling ring flow supply self-cleaning split bottom hole extraction and blowout prevention drilling tool"), which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0035] like Figure 3 — Figure 5 As shown, the self-cleaning and anti-blocking sprayer 2 includes an air intake outer rod body 21 , an air intake and exhaust inner pipe group 22 installed inside the air intake outer rod body 21 , and a flushing and anti-blocking component 23 installed on the pipe wall of the air intake outer rod body 21 .

[0036] In this embodiment, the outer wall of the air intake outer rod body 21 is provided with four stepped radial air intake grooves 211 connected to the air intake and exhaust inner pipe group 22, two special-shaped grooves 212 for installing the flushing and anti-blocking assembly 23, and two flushing and drainage holes 213 connected to the flushing and anti-blocking assembly 23. In actual implementation, the stepped radial air intake grooves 211, the special-shaped grooves 212, and the flushing and drainage holes 213 can also be set to other different numbers.

[0037] The inner intake and exhaust pipe 22 includes a special-shaped porous pipe 223, the outer wall of which is respectively provided with a second support ring 222 and a third support ring 224 to support it in the intake outer rod body 21, and one end of the special-shaped porous pipe 223 is also provided with a second sealing ring 221 for isolating the ring supply channel 4 and the central exhaust pipe channel 5; The shaped porous tube 223 is provided with convex ribs 2231 corresponding to the stepped radial air inlet grooves 211, and the convex ribs 2231 are provided with radial air inlet holes 2232 penetrating the shaped porous tube 223. The convex ribs 2231 can be welded with the stepped radial air inlet grooves 211, so that the air inlet outer rod body 21 and the shaped porous tube 223 are integrated, which not only solves the sealing problem but also strengthens the strength of the air inlet outer rod body 21. The central hole of the shaped porous tube 223 is the central exhaust pipe channel of this section.

[0038] The flushing and anti-blocking assembly 23 includes a filter mesh 231, a mesh thread cover 232 for fixing the filter mesh 231 in the flushing and drainage hole 213, and a capillary 233 for draining from the flushing and drainage hole 213 and flushing the sieve hole air inlet plate 236; The mesh air inlet plate 236 is installed on the stepped radial air inlet groove 211, and the end of the capillary 233 away from the flushing and drainage hole 213 is connected to the check block 234, and the check block 234 is fixed on the special-shaped groove 212 through the gland 235. The capillary 233 is made of stainless steel, and the check block 234 is made of rubber and plastic.

[0039] like Figure 6 As shown, in the present embodiment, only two flushing and anti-blocking components 23 are provided, and flushing and anti-blocking are implemented on two of the four sieve hole air inlet plates 236. In the actual implementation process, flushing and anti-blocking can also be implemented on three or four of the four sieve hole air inlet plates 236, which is also within the scope of protection of this patent; the shape of the sieve hole air inlet plate 236 can be varied, such as being changed into a roll shape, a rolled edge shape, etc., with four in one generation, which is also within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0040] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the cavitation ejector 3 includes an ejection outer rod body 31 and an exhaust pipe 3210 located inside the ejection outer rod body 31; In this embodiment, two jet nozzles 311 are provided on the jet outer rod body 31 , a radial flow ring 312 and a bidirectional limit ring 313 are installed on the inner wall of the jet outer rod body 31 , and a jet guide hole 3121 connected to the jet nozzle 311 is provided on the radial flow ring 312 .

[0041] The outer wall of the exhaust pipe 3210 is respectively provided with a fourth support ring 322 and a fifth support ring 324 to support it in the jet outer rod body 31, and one end of the exhaust pipe 3210 is also provided with a third sealing ring 321 for isolating the ring supply channel 4 and the central exhaust planting pipe channel 5; The exhaust pipe 3210 is also provided with a flow control assembly 32, which includes a first flow control device and a second flow control device sequentially arranged along the flow direction of the ring supply channel 4, the first flow control device includes a first retaining ring 325 fixed to the outside of the exhaust pipe 3210 and a flow control sliding ring 323 that can slide along the outside of the exhaust pipe 3210, and a first spring 324 is provided between the first retaining ring 325 and the flow control sliding ring 323; The second flow control device includes a second baffle ring 328 fixed on the outside of the exhaust pipe 3210 and a check ring 326 that can slide along the outside of the exhaust pipe 3210. A second spring 327 is arranged between the second baffle ring 328 and the check ring 326. The check ring 326 is provided with a leakage hole. When the check ring 326 moves to the right, the water flow and the residue in the water may not be able to flow out from the vicinity of the second spring 327 in time, thereby causing the check ring 326 to fail. The setting of the leakage hole can ensure that it can flow out smoothly from the vicinity of the second spring 327.

[0042] The surface of the exhaust pipe 3210 is chrome-plated to improve its strength and facilitate the movement of the flow control sliding ring 323 and the non-return sliding ring 326.

[0043] The first spring 324 and the second spring 327 are both compression springs, and the elastic force of the first spring 324 is greater than the elastic force of the second spring 327. The pressure of the first spring 324 is set according to the pressure set for radial jet cavitation, and the water pressure can be opened only when it is above 5Mpa. The first spring 324 determines the minimum water pressure for radial jet cavitation, and the pressure of the second spring 327 only needs to be able to overcome the friction resistance of the non-return sliding ring 326. The second spring 327 cooperates with the non-return sliding ring 326 to play a role in preventing backflow.

[0044] An oblique flow hole 3231 is provided on the side of the flow control sliding ring 323 away from the first baffle ring 325, and a discharge groove 3232 is provided on the side of the flow control sliding ring 323 close to the first baffle ring 325 to facilitate the outflow of the flushing medium. The first baffle ring 325 is a gear-shaped baffle ring. When the flow control sliding ring 323 moves to the right, the water flow and the slag in the water may not be able to flow out from the vicinity of the first spring 324 in time, thereby causing the flow control sliding ring 323 to fail to operate. The gear-shaped setting can ensure that it can flow out smoothly from the vicinity of the first spring 324. The discharge groove 3232 is semicircular. When the flow control sliding ring 323 moves to the right to contact the left end of the two-way limit ring 313, the water in the ring supply channel 4 can still flow forward through the discharge groove 3232. The semicircular hole is convenient for processing and has a relatively stable structure. During the cavitation of the cavitation jet (i.e., the jet cavitation station 10c), the discharge groove 3232 provides a flushing water flow for flushing the anti-blocking component 23, and its flushing water pressure is determined by the prestressed spring 124 in the anti-slag internal component 12. During the jet cavitation, if the prestress of the prestressed spring 124 is relatively large (difficult to open), the fluid pressure between the flow control sliding ring 323 and the anti-slag sliding ring 125 will increase, that is, the flushing water pressure is high. If the prestress of the prestressed spring 124 is relatively small, water will easily flow out of the drill bit along the bifurcated water outlet 112, and the flushing pressure will be low. The initial elastic force of the prestressed spring 124 here can be converted into the pressure of the flushing water in the equilibrium state in the channel.

[0045] This embodiment also provides a use station for the split type of punching hole-making and blowout elimination drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam. Based on the aforementioned integrated hydraulic hole-making and blowout elimination device for drilling through the protruding coal seam, the use stations are divided into the following three types: S1, such as Fig. 9 c and Fig.10 As shown in a, at the drilling stop position, there is no water flow in the ring flow channel 4, and the flow control sliding ring 323 moves to the left under the action of the first spring 324 to contact the radial flow ring 312, blocking the jet guide hole 3121; the check sliding ring 326 moves to the left under the action of the second spring 327 to contact the right end of the two-way limit ring 313, cutting off the ring flow channel 4; the anti-slag sliding ring 125 moves to the left under the action of the prestressed spring 124, blocking the bifurcated water outlet 112 to prevent coal slag from entering.

[0046] S2, such as Fig. 9 b and Fig.10As shown in b, at the drilling and punching station, low-pressure water is introduced into the ring flow supply channel 4. At this time, the water pressure is less than the elastic force of the first spring 324, and the flow control sliding ring 323 cannot be pushed to the right. The jet guide hole 3121 is still in a blocked state, but the water flow can enter the ring flow supply channel 4 along the oblique flow hole 3231, and push the check sliding ring 326 to move to the right during the rightward flow process, and fully separate from the right end of the two-way limit ring 313, so that the water flow can continue to flow to the right, and part of the water flow rushes out along the flushing drainage hole 213 to supply the flushing anti-blocking component 23. The remaining water flow pushes the anti-slag sliding ring 125 to overcome the elastic force of the prestressed spring 124 and move to the right, and then flows out along the forked water outlet 112 to cool the blade. S3, such as Fig. 9 a and Fig.10 As shown in c, at the jet hole making station, high-pressure water is introduced into the ring supply channel 4. At this time, the water pressure is greater than the elastic force of the first spring 324, pushing the flow control sliding ring 323 to move right to contact the left end of the two-way limit ring 313, and the jet guide hole 3121 is not blocked. Part of the water flow can be sprayed along the jet nozzle 311 to perform jet hole making, and the remaining water flow flows forward along the ring supply channel 4 and the discharge groove 3232, pushing the check sliding ring 326 to move right, and not fully separating from the right end of the two-way limit ring 313. Then the water flows out along the flushing drainage hole 213 to supply flow to the flushing anti-blocking component 23. The remaining water flow is not enough to push the anti-slag sliding ring 125. At this time, the anti-slag sliding ring 125 still blocks the forked water outlet hole 112.

[0047] Embodiment 2 As described in the first embodiment, according to different usage requirements, the device can freely select accessories for combination use.

[0048] like Fig.11 As shown in a, when the inclination angle of the borehole is large, the combination mode of "punching pipe drill bit 1 + self-cleaning and spraying device 2 + hole-making ejector 3 + at least one dual-channel drill rod 6" is used. During the installation process, the female buckle end of the punching pipe drill bit 1 is matched and connected with the male buckle end of the self-cleaning and spraying device 2, the female buckle end of the self-cleaning and spraying device 2 is connected with the male buckle end of the hole-making ejector 3, the female buckle end of the hole-making ejector 3 is connected with the male buckle end of the dual-channel drill rod 6, and the subsequent dual-channel drill rods 6 are connected in sequence. At the same time, the anti-slag component 12, the special-shaped porous tube 223, the flow control component 32, and the inner tube in the inner cavity of the punching pipe drill bit 1, the self-cleaning and spraying device 2, the hole-making ejector 3, and the dual-channel drill rod 6 are connected in sequence, and are sealed by the first sealing ring 121, the second sealing ring 221, and the third sealing ring 321 respectively, forming a connected axial ring flow supply channel 4 and a central exhaust pipe channel 5.

[0049] In actual drilling construction, the length of a borehole is basically between 30-150 meters, and the length of a drill rod is about 1 meter, so multiple drill rods are required to be connected and used.

[0050] Embodiment 3 like Fig.11 As shown in b, when the inclination angle of the borehole is large and the coal seam is a fully soft structural coal, the punching pipe drill bit 1 can play the role of the hole-making ejector 3 in punching holes. At this time, there is no need to set up the hole-making ejector 3, and the combination mode of "punching pipe drill bit 1 + self-cleaning plugging and spraying device 2 + at least one dual-channel drill rod 6" is adopted. The female buckle end of the punching pipe drill bit 1 is matched and connected with the male buckle end of the self-cleaning plugging and spraying device 2, and the female buckle end of the self-cleaning plugging and spraying device 2 is connected with the male buckle end of the dual-channel drill rod 6, and the subsequent dual-channel drill rods 6 are connected in sequence. At the same time, the anti-slag component 12, the special-shaped porous tube 223, and the inner tube in the inner cavity of the punching pipe drill bit 1, the self-cleaning plugging and spraying device 2, and the dual-channel drill rod 6 are connected in sequence, and sealed by the first sealing ring 121 and the second sealing ring 221 respectively, forming a connected axial ring flow supply channel 4 and a central exhaust pipe channel 5.

[0051] The soft structural coal mentioned in this embodiment refers to: the stratum solidity coefficient (f value) of the coal seam will change in the same coal seam due to the influence of natural conditions and geological effects, and the typical experimental value of the soft structural coal is 0.26-0.48.

[0052] The drilling inclination angle mentioned in this embodiment is generally divided by 8°. When the drilling inclination angle is greater than 8°, it can be considered that the drilling inclination angle is relatively large.

[0053] Embodiment 4 like Fig.11 As shown in Figure c, when the inclination angle of the borehole is small, in order to increase the height difference between the self-cleaning and spraying device and the cavitation ejector, a combination mode of "punching and planting pipe drill bit 1 + self-cleaning and spraying device 2 + dual-channel drill rod 6 + cavitation ejector 3 + at least one dual-channel drill rod 6" is adopted. The female buckle end of the punching and planting pipe drill bit 1 is matched and connected with the male buckle end of the self-cleaning and spraying device 2, the female buckle end of the self-cleaning and spraying device 2 is connected with the male buckle end of the dual-channel drill rod 6, the female buckle end of the dual-channel drill rod 6 is connected with the male buckle end of the cavitation ejector 3, the female buckle end of the cavitation ejector 3 is connected with the male buckle end of the second dual-channel drill rod 6, and the subsequent dual-channel drill rods 6 are connected in sequence. At the same time, the anti-slag component 12, the special-shaped porous tube 223, the inner tube, the flow control component 32, and the inner tube located in the inner cavity of the punching and planting pipe drill bit 1, the self-cleaning and anti-blocking sprayer 2, the dual-channel drill rod 6, the cavitation ejector 3, and the second dual-channel drill rod 6 are connected in sequence and sealed by the sealing rings at their respective joints to form a connected axial ring flow supply channel 4 and a central exhaust planting pipe channel 5.

[0054] Embodiment 5 like Fig.11 As shown in d, if the drilling is nearly horizontal or inclined, the self-cleaning and anti-blocking sprayer 2 is easily submerged by water and loses its exhaust function due to the nearly horizontal or inclined drilling. The combination mode of "punching pipe planting drill 1 + hole-making ejector 3 + at least one dual-channel drill rod 6" is adopted. The female buckle end of the punching pipe planting drill 1 is connected to the male buckle end of the hole-making ejector 3, and the female buckle end of the hole-making ejector 3 is connected to the male buckle end of the dual-channel drill rod 6. At the same time, the anti-slag component 12, the flow control component 32, and the inner tube in the inner cavity of the punching pipe planting drill 1, the hole-making ejector 3, and the dual-channel drill rod 6 are connected in sequence, and are sealed by the first sealing ring 121 and the third sealing ring 321 respectively, forming a connected axial ring flow supply channel 4 and a central exhaust pipe planting channel 5.

[0055] The above embodiments do not impose any formal limitations on the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection content of the present invention.

[0057] If the words "first", "second", etc. are used in this document to limit components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" and "second" is only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein, but these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A split-type punching and hole-making and blowout-eliminating drilling tool for drilling through a protruding coal seam, comprising a punching and planting drill bit (1) and a double-channel drill rod (6), characterized in that: A self-clearing and anti-blocking sprayer (2) and / or a cavitation ejector (3) is also provided between the punching and planting pipe drill bit (1) and the dual-channel drill rod (6); The punching and planting pipe drill bit (1), the self-clearing and anti-blocking sprayer (2) and the hole-making ejector (3) are provided with a ring supply channel (4) for flowing toward the punching and planting pipe drill bit (1) and a central exhaust planting pipe channel (5) with a flow direction opposite to the ring supply channel (4).

2. The split-type punching and hole-making and blowout-eliminating drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The punching and planting pipe drill bit (1) comprises a cover-losing drill bit (11) and a slag-inhibiting inner component (12) located in the inner cavity of the cover-losing drill bit (11).

3. The split-type punching and hole-making and blowout-eliminating drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The front end of the lost cap drill bit (11) is provided with a blade wing, and the center of the front end of the lost cap drill bit (11) is provided with a lost cap (111). The lost cap drill bit (11) is also provided with a bifurcated water outlet hole (112) which corresponds to the blade wing one by one and enables the punching and planting pipe drill bit (1) to have a punching and hole enlarging function.

4. The split-type punching and hole-making and blowout-eliminating drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The anti-slag ingress internal component (12) comprises a necked tube (123), the outer side of the necked tube (123) being sleeved with a first support ring (122) for supporting the necked tube (123) in the lost cover drill bit (11), the outer side of the necked tube (123) being sleeved with a movable anti-slag ingress sliding ring (125), a prestressed spring (124) being arranged between the anti-slag ingress sliding ring (125) and the first support ring (122), and a first sealing ring (121) for isolating the ring flow supply channel (4) and the central exhaust pipe channel (5) being arranged on the side of the necked tube (123) away from the lost cover (111).

5. The split-type punching and hole-making and blowout-prevention drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The self-cleaning and anti-blocking sprayer (2) comprises an air intake outer rod body (21), an air intake and exhaust inner pipe group (22) installed inside the air intake outer rod body (21), and a flushing and anti-blocking component (23) installed on the pipe wall of the air intake outer rod body (21).

6. The split-type punching and hole-making and blowout-eliminating drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the air intake outer rod body (21) is provided with a stepped radial air intake groove (211) connected to the air intake and exhaust inner pipe group (22), a special-shaped groove (212) for mounting a flushing and anti-blocking component (23), and a flushing and drainage hole (213) connected to the flushing and anti-blocking component (23).

7. The split-type punching and hole-making and blowout-prevention drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The inner intake and exhaust pipe group (22) comprises a special-shaped porous pipe (223), the outer wall of the special-shaped porous pipe (223) is respectively provided with a second support ring (222) and a third support ring (224) for supporting the special-shaped porous pipe (223) in the intake outer rod body (21), and one end of the special-shaped porous pipe (223) is also provided with a second sealing ring (221) for isolating the ring flow supply channel (4) and the central exhaust pipe channel (5); The shaped porous tube (223) is provided with convex ribs (2231) corresponding one-to-one to the step-shaped radial air inlet grooves (211), and the convex ribs (2231) are provided with radial air inlet holes (2232) penetrating the shaped porous tube (223).

8. The split-type punching and hole-making and blowout-prevention drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The flushing and anti-blocking component (23) comprises a filter mesh (231), a mesh thread cover (232) for fixing the filter mesh (231) in the flushing and drainage hole (213), and a thin tube (233) for draining fluid from the flushing and drainage hole (213) and flushing the sieve hole air inlet plate (236); The sieve hole air inlet plate (236) is mounted on the stepped radial air inlet groove (211); one end of the capillary tube (233) away from the flushing and drainage hole (213) is connected to a check block (234); and the check block (234) is fixed to the special-shaped groove (212) via a gland (235).

9. The split-type punching and hole-making and blowout-prevention drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The cavitation ejector (3) comprises an ejection outer rod body (31) and an exhaust pipe (3210) located inside the ejection outer rod body (31); The jet outer rod body (31) is provided with a jet nozzle (311), the inner wall of the jet outer rod body (31) is provided with a radial flow ring (312) and a bidirectional limit ring (313), and the radial flow ring (312) is provided with a jet guide hole (3121) connected to the jet nozzle (311).

10. The split-type punching and hole-making and blowout-prevention drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the exhaust pipe (3210) is respectively provided with a fourth support ring (322) and a fifth support ring (324) for supporting it in the jet outer rod body (31); one end of the exhaust pipe (3210) is also provided with a third sealing ring (321) for isolating the ring supply channel (4) and the central exhaust pipe channel (5); The exhaust pipe (3210) is further provided with a flow control assembly (32), the flow control assembly (32) comprising a first flow control device and a second flow control device arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the ring flow supply channel (4), the first flow control device comprising a first retaining ring (325) fixed to the outside of the exhaust pipe (3210) and a flow control sliding ring (323) capable of sliding along the outside of the exhaust pipe (3210), a first spring (324) being provided between the first retaining ring (325) and the flow control sliding ring (323); The second flow control device comprises a second retaining ring (328) fixed on the outside of the exhaust pipe (3210) and a non-return sliding ring (326) that can slide along the outside of the exhaust pipe (3210), a second spring (327) is provided between the second retaining ring (328) and the non-return sliding ring (326), and a leakage hole is provided on the non-return sliding ring (326); The elastic force of the first spring (324) is greater than the elastic force of the second spring (327).

11. The split-type punching and hole-making and blowout-prevention drilling tool for drilling through a protruding coal seam according to claim 10 is characterized in that: An oblique flow hole (3231) is provided on a side of the flow control sliding ring (323) away from the first baffle ring (325), and a discharge groove (3232) for facilitating the outflow of flushing medium is provided on a side of the flow control sliding ring (323) close to the first baffle ring (325), and the first baffle ring (325) is a gear-shaped baffle ring.

12. The working station of the split type punching hole making and blowout elimination drilling tool for drilling through the protruding coal seam, based on the integrated hydraulic hole making and blowout elimination device for drilling through the protruding coal seam according to claim 11, is characterized in that: There are three types of workstations: S1, at the drilling stop position, there is no water flow in the ring flow channel 4, and the flow control sliding ring 323 moves to the left under the action of the first spring 324 to contact the radial flow ring 312, blocking the jet guide hole 3121; the check sliding ring 326 moves to the left under the action of the second spring 327 to contact the right end of the two-way limit ring 313, cutting off the ring flow channel 4; the anti-slag sliding ring 125 moves to the left under the action of the prestressed spring 124, blocking the bifurcated water outlet 112 to prevent coal slag from entering; S2, at the drilling and punching station, low-pressure water is introduced into the ring flow supply channel 4. At this time, the water pressure is less than the elastic force of the first spring 324, and the flow control sliding ring 323 cannot be pushed to the right. The jet guide hole 3121 is still in a blocked state, but the water flow can enter the ring flow supply channel 4 along the oblique flow hole 3231, and push the check sliding ring 326 to move to the right during the rightward flow process, and fully separate from the right end of the two-way limit ring 313, so that the water flow can continue to flow to the right, and part of the water flow rushes out along the flushing drainage hole 213 to supply the flushing anti-blocking component 23. The remaining water flow pushes the anti-slag sliding ring 125 to overcome the elastic force of the prestressed spring 124 and move to the right, and then flows out along the forked water outlet hole 112 to cool the blade; S3. At the jet hole making station, high-pressure water is introduced into the ring supply channel 4. At this time, the water pressure is greater than the elastic force of the first spring 324, pushing the flow control sliding ring 323 to move right to contact the left end of the two-way limit ring 313, and the jet guide hole 3121 is not blocked. Part of the water flow can be sprayed along the jet nozzle 311 to perform jet hole making. The remaining water flow flows forward along the ring supply channel 4 and the discharge groove 3232, pushing the check sliding ring 326 to move right, and not fully separating from the right end of the two-way limit ring 313. Then the water flows out along the flushing drainage hole 213 to supply flow to the flushing anti-blocking component 23. The remaining water flow is not enough to push the anti-slag sliding ring 125. At this time, the anti-slag sliding ring 125 still blocks the bifurcated water outlet hole 112.

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