Rock cutting dust dynamic diffusion simulation system

Abstract

According to the rock cutting dust dynamic diffusion simulation system provided by the invention, the rock cutting dust dynamic diffusion simulation system comprising the cutting rock breaking module, the particle separation module, the dust diffusion module, the dust data acquisition module and the data processing module is constructed, so that dynamic simulation and real-time monitoring of the dust diffusion process can be realized; and furthermore, the dust pollution condition can be accurately evaluated, an effective control strategy is formulated, and active regulation and control of dust diffusion are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mining engineering technology, and in particular to a rock cutting dust dynamic diffusion simulation system. Background Art

[0002] In rock cutting operations such as mining and tunneling, the generation of dust is inevitable. Dust not only pollutes the working environment, but also may cause serious harm to the health of operators.

[0003] Most existing dust monitoring technologies rely on a single dust concentration measurement, lacking dynamic simulation and real-time monitoring of the dust diffusion process, making it difficult to accurately assess dust pollution and develop effective control strategies. In addition, traditional dust monitoring systems are usually passive and cannot achieve active regulation of dust diffusion. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application proposes a rock cutting dust dynamic diffusion simulation system, which can solve one of the problems existing in the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions: The present application provides a rock cutting dust dynamic diffusion simulation system, the simulation system comprising: The rock cutting module is used to simulate the rock cutting process that produces dust; A particle separation module, arranged at the rear end of the cutting and rock breaking module, for separating dust and impurities; A dust diffusion module is arranged at the rear end of the cutting and rock breaking module and is used for dynamically diffusing and separating the obtained dust; A dust data collection module, which is arranged at one side of the dust diffusion module and is used to monitor the dust in the dust diffusion module in real time to obtain real-time dust monitoring data; and The data processing module is electrically connected to the dust data collection module and is used to analyze and process the real-time dust monitoring data.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, a rock cutting dust dynamic diffusion simulation system was constructed, which includes a rock cutting and breaking module, a particle separation module, a dust diffusion module, a dust data acquisition module and a data processing module. It can realize dynamic simulation and real-time monitoring of the dust diffusion process, and then accurately evaluate the dust pollution situation and formulate effective control strategies to achieve active regulation of dust diffusion.

[0007] In a possible design, the real-time dust monitoring data is a real-time dust diffusion image, and the data processing module is specifically used for: The real-time dust diffusion image is gray-scaled and binarized in sequence to obtain a binary gray-scale image; Using an image processing algorithm, extracting real-time image feature values ​​of the binary grayscale image; Based on the established first mapping relationship between the image characteristic value and the density value, obtaining a real-time density value corresponding to the real-time image characteristic value; and Based on the established second mapping relationship between the real-time concentration value and the cutting parameter adjustment amount of the cutting and rock breaking module, the real-time adjustment amount of the cutting parameter is obtained, The simulation system also includes: The control module is electrically connected to the data processing module and is used to control the rock cutting module to adjust the cutting parameters using the real-time adjustment amount of the cutting parameters.

[0008] In a possible design, the first mapping relationship is specifically: ;in, is the real-time concentration value, , is the proportionality coefficient, b is the constant term, is the image feature value, i and j are the image pixel position marks; the cutting parameters include cutting speed and angle, and the second mapping relationship is specifically: ;in, The adjustment amount of cutting speed Or the adjustment amount of cutting angle ; is the preset safety threshold; is the concentration deviation value, which indicates the difference between the concentration value and the safety threshold; is the proportional coefficient, which is used to adjust the response speed and sensitivity of the system; is the integral coefficient, which is used to eliminate steady-state errors and ensure that the system remains stable in long-term operation; It is the differential coefficient, which is used to predict the future trend of the system and improve the stability of control.

[0009] In a possible design, the real-time dust monitoring data includes: a time-synchronized measuring instrument dust average concentration and a real-time dust diffusion image, and the data processing module is specifically used for: The parameter values ​​in the first mapping relationship are adjusted by using the comparison result between the average dust concentration of the measuring instrument and the real-time concentration value.

[0010] In a possible design, the data processing module is further used to: Extracting particle features from the real-time dust diffusion image to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of dust diffusion; and A dust diffusion model is established based on the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics using a numerical simulation method.

[0011] In one possible design, the cutting and rock breaking module includes: a rock breaking pick with adjustable angle for simulating different cutting conditions; a specimen clamping device located below the rock breaking pick for fixing the specimen to be tested; an adjustable speed fan arranged on the side of the rock breaking pick for guiding the flow of dust; a contraction channel facing the adjustable speed fan for directing the dust to the particle separation module; and a transparent baffle covering the rock breaking area to prevent dust from overflowing.

[0012] In one possible design, the rock-breaking pick can adjust the cutting angle according to the specific situation to simulate different cutting conditions; the wind speed of the adjustable-speed fan is controlled by an adjustment knob to adapt to different dust diffusion requirements.

[0013] In a possible design, the particle separation module includes: a cyclone separator, which separates dust and impurities through centrifugal force and transports the dust sample to the dust diffusion module.

[0014] In one possible design, the dust diffusion module includes: a dust generating device, which is connected to the cyclone separator and is internally provided with a material transfer disc and a conveyor belt to transport the dust sample; a cylindrical air duct, the front and rear ends of which are contracted sections, and the end is connected to an exhaust fan for forming a negative pressure to diffuse the dust; a transparent observation window is arranged in the rear half of the air duct for real-time observation of the dynamic characteristics of the dust; and a dust flow processing box, which is located at the end of the air duct, and the dust-laden airflow enters the dust flow processing box after passing through the air duct.

[0015] In a possible design, the dust data acquisition module includes: a dust concentration meter for measuring the average dust concentration; and a dust image acquisition device for acquiring the real-time dust diffusion image through a transparent observation window. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a rock cutting dust dynamic diffusion simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present application, showing the arrangement of a rock cutting and breaking module, a particle separation module, a dust diffusion module, and a dust image acquisition module.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cutting and rock breaking module provided in an embodiment of the present application, showing the arrangement of the rock breaking pick, the specimen clamping device, the adjustable speed fan, the contraction channel and the transparent baffle.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a particle separation module provided in an embodiment of the present application, showing the structure of a cyclone separator and its connection with a dust diffusion module.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the dust generating module provided in the embodiment of the present application, showing the arrangement of the conveyor belt, the material disc and the dust diffusion chamber in the dust generating device.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the dust diffusion module (main body) provided in the embodiment of the present application, showing the arrangement of the air duct, transparent observation window and exhaust fan.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the dust diffusion module (fan part) provided in the embodiment of the present application, showing the connection method between the exhaust fan and the air duct.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the dust image acquisition and processing module (data collection part) provided in the embodiment of the present application, showing the arrangement of the dust concentration meter and the image acquisition device.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the dust image acquisition and processing module (data processing part) provided in the embodiment of the present application, showing the layout of the dust image data processing equipment.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a flow chart of the operation of the feedback regulation system provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0026] Fig.10 It is a flow chart of the implementation steps of a real-time environmental monitoring method for dynamic diffusion of rock cutting dust provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Description of reference numerals: 1. Cutting and rock breaking module; 2. Particle separation module; 3. Dust diffusion module; 4. Dust image acquisition and processing module; 5. Rock breaking pick; 6. Specimen clamping device; 7. Adjustable speed fan; 8. Contraction channel; 9. Transparent baffle; 10. Adjustment knob; 11. Cyclone separator; 12. Upper outlet; 13. Lower outlet; 14. Dust generating device; 14-1. Conveyor belt; 14-2. Material dial; 14-3. Dust outlet chamber; 15. Stirring rod; 16. Dust diffusion chamber; 17. Air duct; 18. Air duct inlet; 19. Air duct outlet; 20. Transparent observation window; 21. Exhaust fan; 22. Dust flow treatment box; 23. Dust image acquisition device; 24. Fill light; 25. Image processing system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that, although the functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0031] like Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application provides a Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for online scanning and automatic analysis of crushed rocks, including: a rock cutting module 1, a particle separation module 2, a dust diffusion module 3, and a dust image acquisition and processing module 4. Among them, the rock cutting module 1 is mainly used to simulate the rock cutting process and generate dust; the particle separation module 2 is connected to the rock cutting module 1 to separate dust and impurities; the dust diffusion module 3 is mainly connected to the particle separation module 2 to dynamically diffuse dust; the dust image acquisition and processing module 4 is mainly used to monitor and process the dust data in the dust diffusion module 3 in real time, so as to analyze the dust pollution in the rock cutting process.

[0032] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the cutting and rock breaking module includes: an angle-adjustable rock breaking pick 5 for simulating different cutting conditions; a specimen clamping device 6, located below the rock breaking pick 5, for fixing the specimen to be tested; an adjustable speed fan 7, arranged on the side of the rock breaking pick 5, for guiding the flow of dust; a contraction channel 8, facing the adjustable speed fan 7, for directing the dust to the particle separation module 2; and a transparent baffle 9, covering the rock breaking area to prevent dust from overflowing.

[0033] During operation, the rock breaking pick 5 can adjust the cutting angle according to the specific situation to simulate different cutting conditions; the wind speed of the adjustable speed fan 7 is controlled by adjusting the knob 10 to adapt to different dust diffusion requirements.

[0034] In this embodiment, if Figure 3As shown, the particle separation module includes: a cyclone separator 11, which separates dust and impurities through centrifugal force and transports the dust sample to the dust diffusion module.

[0035] During operation, the cyclone separator 11 discharges the particle impurities from the upper outlet 12 by centrifugal force, and transports the separated dust sample from the lower outlet 13 to the dust generating device 14. The dust generating device is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0036] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the dust diffusion module 3 includes: a dust generating device, which is connected to the cyclone separator 11, and is provided with a conveyor belt 14-1 and a material disc 14-2 inside to transport the dust sample to the dust outlet chamber 14-3, and the dust is stirred by a stirring rod 15 during the falling process of the dust; a wind tube 17, which is a cylindrical structure, with a contracted section at the front and rear ends, and an exhaust fan 21 connected to the end to form a negative pressure to diffuse the dust; a transparent observation window 20, which is arranged in the rear half of the wind tube 17, and is used to observe the dynamic characteristics of the dust in real time; a dust flow treatment box 22 is located at the end of the wind tube, and the dust-containing airflow enters the dust flow treatment box after passing through the wind tube. A high-efficiency filter is provided in the box to filter the dust-containing airflow. During the filtering process, the wind flow and the dust particles are effectively separated, and the purified wind flow is directly discharged into the atmosphere, while the separated and precipitated dust particles are collected and concentrated for subsequent recycling.

[0037] During operation, the conveyor belt 14 - 1 of the dust generating device is linked with the material disc 14 - 2 to uniformly transport the dust sample obtained from the cyclone separator 11 to the air duct inlet 18 , and realize dynamic diffusion of the dust through the negative pressure environment of the air duct 17 .

[0038] In this embodiment, if Figure 7 As shown, the dust image acquisition and processing module includes: a dust concentration meter for measuring dust concentration; a dust image acquisition device 23 for collecting dust diffusion images in real time through a transparent observation window 20; an image processing system 25, which is connected to the dust concentration meter for synchronously analyzing image data and concentration data, and generating a comprehensive pollution assessment report in combination with a numerical simulation method, such as Fig.10 shown.

[0039] During the working process, the workflow of the dust image acquisition and processing module includes: data acquisition layer, real-time acquisition of dynamic images of dust diffusion through the transparent observation window 20, and synchronous acquisition of data from the dust concentration meter (which can be called average dust concentration), and the two types of data (image data and concentration data) formed are transmitted to the image processing system 25 to form a multi-dimensional data set to ensure the real-time and consistency of the data source; data processing layer: the image processing system 25 analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of dust diffusion through particle feature extraction, and combines the numerical value of the dust concentration meter to establish a dust diffusion model. At the same time, the system uses numerical simulation methods (CFD simulation) to verify the measured data, dynamically correct the model parameters, and improve the accuracy of pollution assessment; feedback control layer, such as Figure 8 As shown: the analysis results are fed back to the system control unit in real time, and the cutting speed and cutting angle of the rock breaking pick 5 are adjusted according to the dust concentration exceeding the threshold value to control the dust generation and diffusion state.

[0040] During the work, the dust diffusion model was established by numerical simulation through ANSYS Fluent, and the boundary conditions of the flow field such as wind speed, pressure, and temperature were defined by calculating the grid, and the movement trajectory of dust particles was simulated by combining the Euler-Lagrangian model. The turbulence model can be used to improve the simulation accuracy, and the dust concentration data measured by the experiment can be used to analyze and correct the CFD results to ensure the consistency of the simulation results with the actual measurement data.

[0041] During the working process, the dust image acquisition and processing module can achieve: dynamic closed-loop control, through the closed-loop process of real-time data acquisition → analysis → feedback, breaking through the passivity of traditional dust monitoring and achieving active regulation; multi-modal data fusion, combining image (qualitative) and concentration meter (quantitative) data, improving the accuracy of pollution assessment and avoiding the limitations of a single measurement method. The cutting parameter optimization unit establishes a dust concentration-cutting parameter mapping model, and dynamically calculates the cutting speed and cutting angle adjustment of the rock breaking pick through the PID algorithm.

[0042] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment also provides a method for real-time environmental monitoring of rock cutting dust dynamic diffusion, the flow chart is as follows: Fig. 9 As shown, the following steps are included: Based on the preset fan speed v, rock cutting device working parameters (cutting speed , cutting angle ), image, acquisition device parameters (shutter , , focal length f) and light source parameters (light intensity L, light color λ), collect images of the dust diffusion process; grayscale and binarize the acquired dust images, and extract image feature values ​​through image processing algorithms , establish image feature values Dust concentration The quantitative equation between (which can be called real-time concentration value, which is different from the average concentration mentioned above): ;in, , is the proportionality coefficient, b is a constant term, which is determined by experimental calibration; is the image eigenvalue of the dust image. Specifically, standard dust samples of different concentrations are selected, and the image eigenvalues ​​are calculated by image processing algorithms under constant lighting conditions. The calibration experimental data is obtained by the dust meter, which can cover different dust particle sizes and concentration ranges to ensure that the model is suitable for the actual monitoring environment. Finally, the dust diffusion state is analyzed in real time by combining quantitative equations, and dynamic monitoring data is output to optimize the dust control strategy.

[0043] In addition, the system sets the dynamic adjustment trigger threshold to 5% of the deviation between the real-time concentration and the predicted concentration. By synchronously analyzing the average concentration and the real-time concentration based on the current parameters, the deviation is calculated and its absolute value and change trend are counted. When the monitoring data exceeds the preset threshold for three consecutive times, the parameter update mechanism is triggered: 1. Data screening, using the sliding window method to extract the most recent 50 sets of synchronous data to ensure the timeliness and stability of the fitting samples; 2. Parameter refitting, based on the least squares method to optimize the objective function and solve the optimal k and b; 3. Threshold warning linkage, adding a deviation trend warning module, when the concentration change rate is abnormal or approaches the threshold, triggering parameter adjustment or control intervention in advance, to achieve rapid response to scenes such as sudden increase in dust and sudden change in particle characteristics. Through the above mechanism, the grayscale-concentration mapping relationship is dynamically corrected, which significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the quantitative equation, breaking through the limitations of the traditional static calibration model that relies on fixed experimental conditions and cannot adapt to complex working conditions.

[0044] Based on dust concentration and cutting parameters, i.e. the cutting speed of the rock breaking pick With cutting angle The mapping relationship between them is used to dynamically calculate the adjustment amount of cutting speed and angle through PID algorithm. , The specific formula is as follows: ; The adjustment amount of cutting speed Or the adjustment amount of cutting angle ; is the concentration deviation value, which indicates the difference between the implemented dust concentration and the safety threshold; It is the dust concentration monitored in real time; is the preset safety threshold; is the proportional coefficient, which is used to adjust the response speed and sensitivity of the system; is the integral coefficient, which is used to eliminate steady-state errors and ensure that the system remains stable in long-term operation; It is the differential coefficient, which is used to predict the future trend of the system and improve the stability of control.

[0045] Through the above formula, the system can monitor the dust concentration in real time. and preset thresholds Calculate cutting speed With cutting angle The amount of adjustment and .

[0046] Based on the PID algorithm, the execution module of the feedback control is run, and the execution module calculates the adjustment amount according to the cutting parameter optimization unit. and The actual adjustment of the cutting speed and angle of the rock breaking pick. The specific implementation method is: by changing the flow or pressure of the hydraulic oil to control the hydraulic drive system, the cutting speed can be adjusted. Dynamic adjustment; cutting angle can be adjusted by electric or hydraulic drive mechanism , to achieve the cutting angle Precise control.

[0047] In this embodiment, at the data acquisition layer, the system uses a dust concentration meter and an image acquisition device to obtain the current dust concentration value, and calculates the average dust concentration within 5 seconds to smooth data fluctuations. The data processing layer sets a dust concentration threshold (such as 100 mg / m3), calculates the dust concentration change rate to determine the trend, and combines the CFD simulation model to predict the dust diffusion situation in the next 10 seconds. At the feedback control layer, a PID control strategy is adopted: when the dust concentration exceeds the threshold and the rate of change is on an upward trend, the system will reduce the cutting speed (step length 10%) and reduce the cutting angle (step length 2°); when the dust concentration is lower than the threshold and the rate of change is on a downward trend, the system will gradually restore the cutting speed (step length 5%) and cutting angle (step length 1°).

[0048] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A rock cutting dust dynamic diffusion simulation system, characterized in that: The simulation system comprises: The rock cutting module is used to simulate the rock cutting process that produces dust; A particle separation module, arranged at the rear end of the cutting and rock breaking module, for separating dust and impurities; A dust diffusion module is arranged at the rear end of the cutting and rock breaking module and is used for dynamically diffusing and separating the obtained dust; A dust data collection module, which is arranged at one side of the dust diffusion module and is used to monitor the dust in the dust diffusion module in real time to obtain real-time dust monitoring data; and The data processing module is electrically connected to the dust data collection module and is used to analyze and process the real-time dust monitoring data.

2. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that The real-time dust monitoring data is a real-time dust diffusion image, and the data processing module is specifically used for: The real-time dust diffusion image is gray-scaled and binarized in sequence to obtain a binary gray-scale image; Using an image processing algorithm, extracting real-time image feature values ​​of the binary grayscale image; Based on the established first mapping relationship between the image characteristic value and the density value, obtaining a real-time density value corresponding to the real-time image characteristic value; as well as Based on the established second mapping relationship between the real-time concentration value and the cutting parameter adjustment amount of the cutting and rock breaking module, the real-time adjustment amount of the cutting parameter is obtained, The simulation system also includes: The control module is electrically connected to the data processing module and is used to control the rock cutting module to adjust the cutting parameters using the real-time adjustment amount of the cutting parameters.

3. The simulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that The first mapping relationship is specifically: ;in, is the real-time concentration value, , is the proportionality coefficient, b is the constant term, is the image feature value, i and j are the image pixel position marks; the cutting parameters include cutting speed and angle, and the second mapping relationship is specifically: ;in, The adjustment amount of cutting speed Or the adjustment amount of cutting angle ; is the preset safety threshold; is the concentration deviation value, which indicates the difference between the concentration value and the safety threshold; is the proportional coefficient, which is used to adjust the response speed and sensitivity of the system; is the integral coefficient, which is used to eliminate steady-state errors and ensure that the system remains stable in long-term operation; It is the differential coefficient, which is used to predict the future trend of the system and improve the stability of control.

4. The simulation system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The real-time dust monitoring data includes: the average dust concentration of the time-synchronized measuring instrument and the real-time dust diffusion image. The data processing module is also specifically used for: The parameter values ​​in the first mapping relationship are adjusted by using the comparison result between the average dust concentration of the measuring instrument and the real-time concentration value.

5. The simulation system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The data processing module is also specifically used for: Extracting particle features from the real-time dust diffusion image to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of dust diffusion; and A dust diffusion model is established based on the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics using a numerical simulation method.

6. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that The cutting and rock breaking module includes: a rock breaking pick with adjustable angle for simulating different cutting conditions; a specimen clamping device located below the rock breaking pick for fixing the specimen to be tested; an adjustable speed fan arranged on the side of the rock breaking pick for guiding the flow of dust; a contraction channel facing the adjustable speed fan for directing the dust to the particle separation module; and a transparent baffle covering the rock breaking area to prevent dust from overflowing.

7. The simulation system according to claim 6, characterized in that The rock-breaking pick can adjust the cutting angle according to the specific situation to simulate different cutting conditions; the wind speed of the adjustable-speed fan is controlled by an adjustment knob to adapt to different dust diffusion requirements.

8. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that The particle separation module includes: a cyclone separator, which separates dust and impurities through centrifugal force and transports the dust sample to the dust diffusion module.

9. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that The dust diffusion module includes: a dust generating device, which is connected to the cyclone separator and is internally provided with a material transfer disc and a conveyor belt to transport dust samples; a cylindrical air duct, the front and rear ends of which are contracted sections, and the end is connected to an exhaust fan for forming a negative pressure to diffuse the dust; a transparent observation window is arranged in the rear half of the air duct for real-time observation of the dynamic characteristics of the dust; and a dust flow processing box, which is located at the end of the air duct, and the dust-laden airflow enters the dust flow processing box after passing through the air duct.

10. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that The dust data acquisition module includes: a dust concentration meter for measuring the average dust concentration; and a dust image acquisition device for acquiring the real-time dust diffusion image through a transparent observation window.

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