Method of seabed gas dissipation in-situ monitoring device based on acoustic-optical-electric technology

Abstract

According to the method of the seabed gas dissipation in-situ monitoring device based on the acoustic-optical-electric technology, the advantages of acoustic monitoring, fluorescence detection and a natural potential method are combined, multi-source data fusion and analysis are conducted through the random forest algorithm, and the precision, reliability and real-time performance of seabed gas dissipation monitoring are improved. According to the scheme, the problems that a single sensing mode is difficult to obtain comprehensive information in a complex marine environment, is easily interfered, is insufficient in real-time performance and the like can be solved, and precise and intelligent monitoring of the submarine gas dissipation process is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine environment monitoring, and in particular to a method for an in-situ monitoring device for seabed gas escape based on acoustic-optical-electrical technology. Background Art

[0002] There is still a lack of mature patented technologies and system solutions for in-situ monitoring of submarine gas escape. Existing marine gas monitoring methods mainly focus on gas monitoring in the atmosphere or monitoring in shallow sea areas, and there is relatively little research on gas escape monitoring in deep sea or complex submarine environments.

[0003] At present, marine gas monitoring mostly uses a single sensing technology, such as fiber optic sensors that use optical fibers to transmit optical signals and detect changes in refractive index or light intensity caused by gases. Acoustic methods detect gas escape by analyzing the propagation characteristics of sound waves in seawater. Acoustic methods include active and passive acoustic inversion techniques, which mainly use the detection of bubbles, which act as strong sources and scatterers of sound. Electrical sensors use the potential difference between different gas and liquid phases to detect the presence and concentration of escaped gases. They are commonly used to monitor gases such as dissolved oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. These methods are usually used independently and rely on specific types of sensors for data collection and analysis.

[0004] Due to the lack of comprehensive monitoring technology specifically for submarine gas escape, the existing single sensor method has many limitations in practical applications: a single sensor is easily disturbed by environmental factors (such as ocean currents, temperature, salinity, etc.), resulting in large data noise, making it difficult to accurately identify and quantify gas escape events. In addition, relying on only one sensing technology makes it difficult to fully capture the multi-dimensional information of gas escape, limiting the in-depth understanding and analysis of the escape process. In addition, the single sensor system has a slow response speed in a complex marine environment, making it difficult to achieve efficient and real-time monitoring and early warning. In terms of data interpretation, existing methods lack effective data fusion technology and cannot integrate multi-source information to improve the comprehensive performance of monitoring.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a submarine gas escape monitoring device and method that can integrate the advantages of multiple sensing technologies and improve monitoring accuracy and reliability through multi-source data fusion to meet the real-time and accurate monitoring needs in complex marine environments. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for an in-situ monitoring device for seabed gas escape based on acoustic-optical-electrical technology. This technology is widely used in the fields of marine scientific research, deep-sea resource exploration, seabed ecological protection, and climate change assessment, and aims to solve the problems of real-time, accuracy, and multi-dimensional information acquisition in monitoring gas escape behavior in complex marine environments. The present invention combines the advantages of acoustic monitoring, fluorescence detection, and natural potential method, and uses a random forest algorithm for multi-source data fusion and analysis to improve the accuracy, reliability, and real-time monitoring of seabed gas escape. This solution can solve the problems of difficulty in obtaining comprehensive information, susceptibility to interference, and lack of real-time performance of a single sensing method in a complex marine environment, and realize accurate and intelligent monitoring of the seabed gas escape process.

[0007] The present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method of an in-situ monitoring device for seabed gas escape based on acoustic-optical-electrical technology, the in-situ monitoring device for seabed gas escape comprises an acoustic monitoring module, a fluorescence monitoring module, a natural potential probe module, a pan-tilt support and a rotating device, The acoustic monitoring module is located at the top of the device, and realizes 360° horizontal monitoring through the pan-tilt support and rotating device. It includes the acoustic monitoring instrument host, the acoustic monitoring instrument transducer and the acoustic monitoring instrument clamp ring. The acoustic monitoring instrument transducer is installed at one end of the acoustic monitoring instrument host, and the acoustic monitoring instrument clamp ring is fixedly mounted in the middle of the acoustic monitoring instrument host. The pan / tilt support and rotation device includes a pan / tilt fixing bracket, a pan / tilt rotation shaft and a pan / tilt support device. The top of the pan / tilt fixing bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the acoustic monitor clamp ring. The lower end of the pan / tilt fixing bracket is integrally formed with the pan / tilt rotation shaft. The pan / tilt rotation shaft is installed in the pan / tilt support device. The fluorescence monitoring module is installed in the middle of the device, including a plurality of fluorescence monitor sensors, a fluorescence monitor body and a fluorescence monitor cone head. The top of the fluorescence monitor body is fixedly connected to the pan / tilt support device, the fluorescence monitor sensors are evenly distributed on the fluorescence monitor body, and the fluorescence monitor cone head is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fluorescence monitor body. The natural potential probe module is located at the bottom of the device, including an electrical monitoring device fixing ring and 8 flexible electrical probes. The electrical monitoring device fixing ring is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the fluorescence monitor body, and the 8 flexible electrical probes are equidistantly fixed around the outer wall of the electrical monitoring device fixing ring. The specific steps include: Step S1: Data alignment and time synchronization: When the device is deployed, set the same format of timestamp for the acoustic monitor host, the fluorescent monitor body and the flexible electrical probe; Step S2: Data preprocessing and feature extraction: Step S2-1, denoising and filtering: using appropriate filtering algorithms for acoustic signals, fluorescence intensity and natural potential data to remove high-frequency environmental noise and low-frequency drift; mapping each source data to [0,1] or standardizing it according to its mean and standard deviation; Step S2-2, acoustic signal data features include echo intensity RMS value, volume scattering intensity 𝑆𝑣, scattering cross section, bubble echo band energy; fluorescence intensity data features include reference fluorescence intensity 𝐼0, real-time fluorescence intensity 𝐼𝑓, fluorescence quenching coefficient calculated by Stern–Volmer equation or after temperature and salt correction; natural potential data features include natural potential change amplitude ΔE, time change rate; combined features: after aligning the above single source features by timestamp, a multidimensional feature vector 𝑥(𝑡) is formed, including acoustic, fluorescence and electrochemical parameters; Step S3, random forest multi-source fusion model: Construct the feature vector x(t), x(t)=[I RMS (t),S v (t),I f ′(t),E(t),…], Among them I RMS , Sv is the acoustic feature, I f ′ is the corrected fluorescence intensity, and E comes from the natural potential measurement; the gas escape intensity is recorded as y(t), which represents the gas volume flow rate per unit time, or the characterization index of the bubble content per unit volume; in the training set or prior experiment, the recorded data of the known gas escape rate are annotated to form the {(xi,yi)} training sample; In the training phase, B regression trees are trained for B randomly sampled subsets (Bootstrap sampling). Each tree node randomly extracts only a part of the features from all the features when splitting. In the prediction phase, the new real-time data x(t) is input into each trained decision tree to obtain the regression output value hb(x(t)). Finally, the prediction results of all trees are averaged: .

[0008] As a preferred solution, the main unit of the acoustic monitor has a built-in signal transmitting and receiving unit, which is responsible for transmitting sound waves and receiving echo signals generated during the gas escape process, so as to identify the movement trajectory, turbulence characteristics and escape intensity of the bubbles.

[0009] As a preferred solution, a number of electrodes are arranged on the surface of the flexible electrical probe rod to monitor the electrical changes in the sediment during the gas escape process in real time by measuring the potential gradient.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the number of trees B, maximum depth, minimum number of split samples, and number of feature extraction m are optimized through cross-validation and grid search; mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE) or determination coefficient (R) are selected. 2 The indicator evaluates the model's prediction accuracy for gas escape intensity.

[0011] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: Multi-source data fusion: By integrating acoustic, optical and electrochemical sensor data, the multi-dimensional information of gas escape is fully captured, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring.

[0012] High-precision monitoring: The random forest algorithm is used to perform intelligent analysis of multi-source data, which can effectively distinguish gas escape signals from environmental noise and improve monitoring accuracy.

[0013] Strong real-time performance: The system is designed with real-time data collection and processing capabilities, and can respond to gas escape events in a timely manner and provide immediate warnings.

[0014] Strong anti-interference ability: The comprehensive application of multiple sensing technologies improves the system's anti-interference ability in complex marine environments and ensures the stability of monitoring data.

[0015] Strong scalability: The modular design of the system architecture facilitates functional expansion and upgrading according to actual needs and adapts to different monitoring scenarios.

[0016] Easy to operate: Integrated device design and automated data processing flow simplify the operation steps and lower the threshold for use.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the present invention; Figure 5 Acoustic scattering signal data graphs obtained for acoustic equipment; Figure 6 This is the graph showing the change of the potential difference profile measured by the natural potential probe over time. in, Figures 1 to 3 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and the components is as follows: 1-1: Acoustic monitor host 1-2: Acoustic monitor transducer 1-3: Clamp ring of acoustic monitor 2-1: Fluorescence monitor sensor 2-2: Fluorescence monitor body 2-3: Conical head of fluorescence monitor 3-1: Electrical monitoring equipment fixing ring 3-2: Flexible electrical probe 4-1: PTZ fixing bracket 4-2: Gimbal rotation axis 4-3: PTZ support device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0020] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] Combine the following Figures 1 to 3 The method of the in-situ monitoring device for seabed gas escape based on the acoustic-optical-electrical technology according to the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the figure, the present invention proposes a method for an in-situ monitoring device for seabed gas escape based on acoustic-optical-electrical technology, which can realize efficient monitoring of seabed gas escape through multi-dimensional means of acoustic monitoring, fluorescence detection and natural potential measurement. The in-situ monitoring device for seabed gas escape includes an acoustic monitoring module, a fluorescence monitoring module, a natural potential probe module, a pan-tilt support and a rotating device, and the overall structure is shown in the attached figure. Figures 1 to 4 As shown: The acoustic monitoring module is located at the top of the device, and realizes 360° horizontal monitoring through the pan-tilt support and rotating device. It includes the acoustic monitor main unit 1-1, the acoustic monitor transducer 1-2 and the acoustic monitor clamp ring 1-3. The acoustic monitor transducer 1-2 is installed at one end of the acoustic monitor main unit 1-1. The acoustic monitor main unit 1-1 has a built-in signal transmitting and receiving unit, which is responsible for transmitting sound waves and receiving echo signals generated during the gas escape process, which is used to identify the movement trajectory, turbulence characteristics and escape intensity of bubbles. The acoustic monitor transducer 1-2 converts the sound wave signal into a digital signal and cooperates with the host to complete the signal processing. The acoustic monitor clamp ring 1-3 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the acoustic monitor main unit 1-1. The acoustic monitor clamp ring 1-3 is used to fix the acoustic monitor main unit to ensure its installation stability, and at the same time supports fine-tuning of the angle and position to meet different monitoring needs; The pan-tilt support and rotation device is located at the top of the device, providing stable support for the acoustic monitoring module and giving it 360° rotation capability, including a pan-tilt fixed bracket 4-1, a pan-tilt rotation axis 4-2 and a pan-tilt support device 4-3. The top of the pan-tilt fixed bracket 4-1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the acoustic monitor clamp ring 1-3. The lower end of the pan-tilt fixed bracket 4-1 is integrally formed with the pan-tilt rotation axis 4-2 to fix the rotating base of the entire device and ensure the overall stability of the device. The pan-tilt rotation axis 4-2 provides horizontal rotation capability for the acoustic monitoring module. By adjusting the rotation angle, full coverage of the acoustic wave detection sector is achieved. The pan-tilt rotation axis 4-2 is installed in the pan-tilt support device 4-3. The pan-tilt support device 4-3 is used to resist environmental interference such as seabed currents to ensure the high precision and stability of the device during operation.

[0023] The fluorescence monitoring module is installed in the middle of the device, and is used to detect the fluorescence characteristics of dissolved gases in seawater. The main components include several fluorescence monitor sensors 2-1, a fluorescence monitor body 2-2 and a fluorescence monitor conical head 2-3. The top of the fluorescence monitor body 2-2 is fixedly connected to the pan-tilt support device 4-3. The fluorescence monitor sensors 2-1 are evenly distributed on the fluorescence monitor body 2-2. The fluorescence monitor sensors 2-1 identify the concentration changes of target gases such as methane through fluorescence signals and provide high-precision chemical information. Fluorescence monitor body 2-2: includes an excitation light source, an optical filter and a photoelectric detector, which are used to collect fluorescence signals in real time and convert them into processable electrical signals. The fluorescence monitor conical head 2-3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fluorescence monitor body 2-2. The fluorescence monitor conical head 2-3 is used to stably fix the sensor to prevent it from being affected by external disturbances when working on the seabed; The natural potential probe module is an important unit for monitoring the electrochemical parameters of sediments. It is located at the bottom of the device and includes an electrical monitoring device fixing ring 3-1 and 8 flexible electrical probes 3-2. The electrical monitoring device fixing ring 3-1 is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the fluorescence monitor body 2-2. The 8 flexible electrical probes 3-2 are equidistantly fixed on the outer wall of the electrical monitoring device fixing ring 3-1. The electrical monitoring device fixing ring 3-1 is used to firmly connect the flexible electrical probe with the overall support device to ensure measurement stability. Several electrodes are arranged on the surface of the flexible electrical probe 3-2. By measuring the potential gradient, the electrical changes in the sediment during gas escape are monitored in real time. The natural potential probe module is outward in the shape of an umbrella rib, with a total of 8, the angle and length are the same, and this design has multiple advantages. First, the evenly distributed probes ensure full coverage of the monitoring area, reduce local dead angles, and thus improve the representativeness and accuracy of the data. Secondly, the flexible probe provides better stability and reliability, can adapt to complex seabed environments and avoid interference or damage to hard structures. In addition, multiple probes can obtain more comprehensive natural potential data, improve monitoring accuracy through data fusion, and enhance the comprehensiveness of the system. Finally, when a probe fails, other probes can still provide valid data, thereby improving the robustness and reliability of the system and ensuring the continuity of monitoring.

[0024] The multi-source data fusion method for calculating gas escape intensity specifically includes the following steps: Step S1: Data alignment and time synchronization: When the device is deployed, the same format of timestamps are set for the acoustic monitor host 1-1, the fluorescence monitor body 2-2 and the flexible electrical probe 3-2 to ensure that the subsequent source data can be processed in the same time reference system; the 8 flexible electrical probes provide multi-point potential data, which can accurately reflect the potential differences in different areas of the seabed and help analyze the law of gas escape. Due to the different positions of the probes, they also have data redundancy. Even if a probe is disturbed or fails, other probes can still provide valid data to ensure the stability and reliability of the calculation results. In addition, the equidistant distribution of the 8 probes improves the spatial resolution, allowing potential changes to be captured more accurately, providing more accurate input for the calculation of gas escape. Through data fusion and algorithm analysis, the comprehensive data of the 8 probes further improves the accuracy and reliability of natural potential monitoring.

[0025] Step S2: Data preprocessing and feature extraction: Step S2-1, denoising and filtering: using appropriate filtering algorithms for acoustic signals, fluorescence intensity and natural potential data to remove high-frequency environmental noise and low-frequency drift; to eliminate the influence of different dimensions and numerical ranges, each source data can be mapped to [0,1] or standardized according to its mean and standard deviation; Step S2-2, acoustic signal data features include echo intensity RMS value, volume scattering intensity 𝑆𝑣, scattering cross section, bubble echo band energy; fluorescence intensity data features include reference fluorescence intensity 𝐼0, real-time fluorescence intensity 𝐼𝑓, fluorescence quenching coefficient calculated by Stern–Volmer equation or after temperature and salt correction; natural potential data features include natural potential change amplitude ΔE, time change rate; combined features: after aligning the above single source features by timestamp, a multidimensional feature vector 𝑥(𝑡) is formed, including acoustic, fluorescence and electrochemical parameters; Step S3, random forest multi-source fusion model: Construct the feature vector x(t), x(t)=[I RMS(t),Sv(t),If′(t),E(t),…], Among them I RMS , Sv is the acoustic feature, I f ′ is the corrected fluorescence intensity, and E comes from the natural potential measurement; the entire fusion model is designed to regress the gas escape intensity (or its relative index). The gas escape intensity can be recorded as y(t), which represents the gas volume flow rate per unit time, or the characterization index of the bubble content per unit volume; in the training set or prior experiment, the recorded data of the known gas escape rate are annotated to form the {(xi,yi)} training sample; In the training phase, B regression trees are trained for B randomly sampled subsets (Bootstrap sampling). Each tree node randomly extracts only a part of the features from all the features when splitting. In the prediction phase, the new real-time data x(t) is input into each trained decision tree to obtain the regression output value hb(x(t)). Finally, the prediction results of all trees are averaged: .

[0026] Through cross-validation and grid search, the number of trees B, maximum depth, minimum number of split samples, and number of feature extractions m are optimized; indicators including mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE) or determination coefficient (R2) are used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the model for gas escape intensity.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two. Unless otherwise clearly defined, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention; the terms "connection", "installation", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0029] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for in-situ monitoring of seabed gas escape based on acoustic-optical-electrical technology, characterized in that The in-situ monitoring device for submarine gas escape includes an acoustic monitoring module, a fluorescence monitoring module, a natural potential probe module, a pan-tilt support and a rotating device. The acoustic monitoring module is located at the top of the device and realizes 360° horizontal monitoring through a pan-tilt support and a rotating device. It comprises an acoustic monitoring instrument host (1-1), an acoustic monitoring instrument transducer (1-2) and an acoustic monitoring instrument clamp ring (1-3). The acoustic monitoring instrument transducer (1-2) is installed at one end of the acoustic monitoring instrument host (1-1), and the acoustic monitoring instrument clamp ring (1-3) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the acoustic monitoring instrument host (1-1). The pan / tilt support and rotation device comprises a pan / tilt fixing bracket (4-1), a pan / tilt rotation shaft (4-2) and a pan / tilt support device (4-3); the top end of the pan / tilt fixing bracket (4-1) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the acoustic monitor clamp ring (1-3); the lower end of the pan / tilt fixing bracket (4-1) and the pan / tilt rotation shaft (4-2) are integrally formed; and the pan / tilt rotation shaft (4-2) is installed in the pan / tilt support device (4-3); The fluorescence monitoring module is installed in the middle of the device, and comprises a plurality of fluorescence monitor sensors (2-1), a fluorescence monitor body (2-2) and a fluorescence monitor cone head (2-3); the top end of the fluorescence monitor body (2-2) is fixedly connected to the pan / tilt support device (4-3); the fluorescence monitor sensors (2-1) are evenly distributed on the fluorescence monitor body (2-2); and the fluorescence monitor cone head (2-3) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the fluorescence monitor body (2-2); The natural potential probe module is located at the bottom of the device, and comprises an electrical monitoring device fixing ring (3-1) and eight flexible electrical probes (3-2); the electrical monitoring device fixing ring (3-1) is fixedly sleeved on the lower part of the fluorescence monitor body (2-2); and the eight flexible electrical probes (3-2) are equidistantly fixed around the outer wall of the electrical monitoring device fixing ring (3-1); The specific steps include: Step S1: Data alignment and time synchronization: When the device is deployed, a timestamp of the same format is set for the acoustic monitor host (1-1), the fluorescence monitor body (2-2) and the flexible electrical probe (3-2); Step S2: Data preprocessing and feature extraction: Step S2-1, denoising and filtering: using appropriate filtering algorithms for acoustic signals, fluorescence intensity and natural potential data to remove high-frequency environmental noise and low-frequency drift; mapping each source data to [0,1] or standardizing it according to its mean and standard deviation; Step S2-2, acoustic signal data features include echo intensity RMS value, volume scattering intensity 𝑆𝑣, scattering cross section, bubble echo band energy; fluorescence intensity data features include reference fluorescence intensity 𝐼0, real-time fluorescence intensity 𝐼𝑓, fluorescence quenching coefficient calculated by Stern–Volmer equation or after temperature and salt correction; natural potential data features include natural potential change amplitude ΔE, time change rate; combined features: after aligning the above single source features by timestamp, a multidimensional feature vector 𝑥(𝑡) is formed, including acoustic, fluorescence and electrochemical parameters; Step S3, random forest multi-source fusion model: Construct the feature vector x(t), x(t)=[I RMS (t),S v (t),I f ′(t),E(t),…], Among them I RMS , Sv is the acoustic feature, I f ′ is the corrected fluorescence intensity, and E comes from the natural potential measurement; the gas escape intensity is recorded as y(t), which represents the gas volume flow rate per unit time, or the characterization index of the bubble content per unit volume; in the training set or prior experiment, the recorded data of the known gas escape rate are annotated to form the {(xi,yi)} training sample; In the training phase, B regression trees are trained for B randomly sampled subsets (Bootstrap sampling). Each tree node randomly extracts only a part of the features from all the features when splitting. In the prediction phase, the new real-time data x(t) is input into each trained decision tree to obtain the regression output value hb(x(t)). Finally, the prediction results of all trees are averaged: 。 2. The method of the in-situ monitoring device for seabed gas escape based on acoustic-optical-electrical technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that The acoustic monitor host (1-1) has a built-in signal transmitting and receiving unit, which is responsible for transmitting sound waves and receiving echo signals generated during gas escape, so as to identify the movement trajectory, turbulence characteristics and escape intensity of bubbles.

3. The method of the in-situ monitoring device for seabed gas escape based on acoustic-optical-electrical technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that A plurality of electrodes are arranged on the surface of the flexible electrical probe (3-2), and the electrical changes in the sediment during the gas escape process are monitored in real time by measuring the potential gradient.

4. The method of the in-situ monitoring device for seabed gas escape based on acoustic-optical-electrical technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that , the number of trees B, the maximum depth, the minimum number of split samples, and the number of feature extractions m are optimized by cross-validation and grid search; the mean square error MSE, mean absolute error MAE) or determination coefficient R 2 The indicator evaluates the model's prediction accuracy for gas escape intensity.

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