Microseismic source imaging method and device based on maximum value stack

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum geophysics, and particularly discloses a microseism source imaging method and device based on a maximum value stack, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a monitoring data time range based on microseism monitoring data; based on travel time data and the microseism monitoring data, microseism source imaging results at all moments are obtained through calculation within a monitoring data time range; and carrying out maximum value stack calculation on the micro-seismic source imaging result at each moment to obtain a final imaging result. According to the micro-seismic source imaging method based on the maximum value stack, the micro-seismic source imaging result is obtained through maximum value stack superposition, simultaneous imaging of multiple sources can be achieved, noise energy is not superposed in the calculation process, the anti-noise performance is good, meanwhile, different imaging methods can be selected for single-moment micro-seismic source imaging, and the imaging accuracy is high. The method has good compatibility with other imaging methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum geophysics, and in particular to a microseismic source imaging method and device based on maximum value stacking. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic fracturing is a necessary way to commercially develop shale oil and gas. Through hydraulic fracturing construction, natural fractures are connected and artificial fracture networks are finally formed. Microseismic monitoring technology is a key technology for evaluating the effect of hydraulic fracturing. It evaluates the effect of hydraulic fracturing by monitoring the micro-seismic events induced during the hydraulic fracturing process. Domestic unconventional oil and gas development has used microseismic monitoring technology as an important indicator for evaluating the effect of hydraulic fracturing, and regional evaluation requires comparative evaluation of the microseismic monitoring results of multiple wells.

[0003] The current microseismic monitoring technical process includes data acquisition, data denoising, signal identification, source imaging, source location and other technologies. However, the signal identification and source location processes in the above processes generally require human quality control, which is more likely to introduce human errors. This has deficiencies in the quantitative evaluation of hydraulic fracturing effects, especially in the field of regional evaluation.

[0004] Based on this technical background, the present invention studies a microseismic source imaging method and device based on maximum value stacking. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a microseismic source imaging method and device based on maximum stacking. The method obtains microseismic source imaging results by maximum stacking, can realize simultaneous imaging of multiple sources, and noise energy is not superimposed during the calculation process, so the anti-noise performance is good. At the same time, different imaging methods can be selected for single-moment microseismic source imaging, and it has good compatibility with other imaging methods.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stack, comprising:

[0007] The time range of monitoring data is obtained based on microseismic monitoring data;

[0008] Based on the travel time data and the microseismic monitoring data, microseismic source imaging results at each moment are calculated within the time range of the monitoring data;

[0009] The final imaging result is obtained by performing maximum value stack calculation on the microseismic source imaging results at each moment.

[0010] A second aspect of the present invention provides a microseismic source imaging device based on maximum value stacking, comprising:

[0011] A time range acquisition module, used to obtain the time range of monitoring data based on microseismic monitoring data;

[0012] An imaging calculation module, for calculating microseismic source imaging results at each moment within the time range of the monitoring data based on the travel time data and the microseismic monitoring data;

[0013] The stack calculation module is used to perform maximum stack calculation on the microseismic source imaging results at each moment to obtain the final imaging result.

[0014] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0015] A memory storing executable instructions;

[0016] A processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stacking described in the first aspect.

[0017] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stack described in the first aspect.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0019] The microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stack proposed in the present invention obtains microseismic source imaging results by maximum value stack superposition, can realize simultaneous imaging of multiple sources, and noise energy is not superimposed during the calculation process, and the anti-noise performance is good. At the same time, different imaging methods can be selected for single-time microseismic source imaging, and it has good compatibility with other imaging methods.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic flow chart of the microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stack proposed in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of a specific implementation of the microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stack proposed in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3A schematic diagram of an observation system and a source position in a specific implementation of the microseismic source imaging method based on maximum stacking proposed in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a microseismic source wavelet in a specific implementation of the microseismic source imaging method based on maximum stacking proposed in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a microseismic data profile in a specific implementation of the microseismic source imaging method based on maximum stacking proposed by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a maximum stack microseismic source imaging result in a specific implementation of the maximum stack-based microseismic source imaging method proposed in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a microseismic data profile in another specific implementation of the microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stacking proposed by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a maximum stack microseismic source imaging result in another specific implementation of the maximum stack-based microseismic source imaging method proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0031] The present invention provides a microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stacking, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0032] The time range of monitoring data is obtained based on microseismic monitoring data;

[0033] Based on the travel time data and microseismic monitoring data, the microseismic source imaging results at each moment are calculated within the time range of the monitoring data;

[0034] The final imaging result is obtained by performing maximum value stack calculation on the microseismic source imaging results at each moment.

[0035] In the present invention, microseismic source imaging results are obtained by maximum stack superposition, which can realize simultaneous imaging of multiple sources, and the noise energy is not superimposed during the calculation process, so the anti-noise performance is good. At the same time, different imaging methods can be selected for single-time microseismic source imaging, and it has good compatibility with other imaging methods.

[0036] According to the present invention, the travel time data includes the number of detectors, the position of the grid point of the monitoring area where each detector is located, and the number of grid points.

[0037] According to the present invention, the microseismic monitoring data includes the number of earthquake sources, the location of each earthquake source and the time of earthquake onset.

[0038] According to the present invention, the time range of the monitoring data is determined by the earthquake onset time of each earthquake source.

[0039] Preferably, the formula used to calculate the microseismic source imaging results at each moment is:

[0040]

[0041] Where n is the nth detector, N is the number of detectors, T n，grid is the position of the grid point in the monitoring area where the nth detector is located, D n，t is the seismic data monitored by the nth detector at time t, G grid，t These are the microseismic source imaging results at each moment.

[0042] According to the present invention, the formula used to calculate the final imaging result is:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, t 1 and t 2 are the start and end time of the monitoring data time range, G grid The final imaging result.

[0045] Preferably, each earthquake source of the microseismic monitoring data is superimposed with noise.

[0046] The present invention will be described in more detail below by way of examples.

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, 121 geophones are arranged at 200-meter intervals within the range of 0 to 2000 meters in the east-west direction and 200-meter intervals within the range of 0 to 2000 meters in the north-south direction at a depth of 0 meters above sea level in a certain earthquake zone. The formation velocity selects the average velocity model, and the formation velocity is 3000 meters / second. Three microseismic sources are set at a depth of 1000 meters. The source waveform is Ricker wavelet. The spatial positions of the sources are (500, 1000, 1000), (1000, 1000, 1000), and (1500, 1000, 1000). The earthquake start times of the sources are 0 seconds, 0.2 seconds, and 0.5 seconds, respectively.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a microseismic source imaging method based on maximum stacking to obtain microseismic source imaging results for the above-mentioned earthquake zone by maximum stacking, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0050] (1) Input travel time data and microseismic monitoring data:

[0051] Input travel time data, where the detector n is from the monitoring area grid point T n，grid , the number of detectors is N, the number of grid points is N grid Input microseismic data, where the data at time t on detector n is D n，t ;

[0052] (2) Time range for obtaining monitoring data:

[0053] Obtain the monitoring data time range (t 1 , t 2 );

[0054] (3) Calculate the microseismic source imaging results at each time:

[0055] Calculate the microseismic source imaging value G at each point at each time grid，t , the calculation formula is:

[0056]

[0057] (4) Maximum stack calculation of microseismic source imaging results:

[0058] The maximum value stack is used to calculate the microseismic source imaging value of each point. The calculation formula is:

[0059]

[0060] (5) Output microseismic source imaging results:

[0061] Output microseismic source imaging result G.

[0062] Figure 6 This is the maximum stack microseismic source imaging result of this embodiment. The test results show that the method of the present invention accurately images the three sources in this embodiment.

[0063] Embodiment 2:

[0064] In this embodiment, noise is superimposed on the microseismic data profile on the basis of the first embodiment, and the signal-to-noise amplitude ratio is set to 2. Figure 7 is the microseismic data profile of this embodiment, Figure 8This is the maximum stack microseismic source imaging result of this example; the test results show that the method of the present invention can still accurately image three sources under noise conditions and has good noise resistance performance.

[0065] Embodiment three:

[0066] This embodiment provides a microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stacking, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0067] The time range of monitoring data is obtained based on microseismic monitoring data;

[0068] Based on the travel time data and microseismic monitoring data, the microseismic source imaging results at each moment are calculated within the time range of the monitoring data;

[0069] The final imaging result is obtained by performing maximum value stack calculation on the microseismic source imaging results at each moment;

[0070] The travel time data include the number of detectors, the location of the grid points in the monitoring area where each detector is located, and the number of grid points;

[0071] Microseismic monitoring data include the number of earthquake sources, the location of each earthquake source and the time of onset;

[0072] The time range of monitoring data is determined by the onset time of each earthquake source;

[0073] The formula used to calculate the microseismic source imaging results at each moment is:

[0074]

[0075] Where n is the nth detector, N is the number of detectors, T n，grid is the position of the grid point in the monitoring area where the nth detector is located, D n，t is the seismic data monitored by the nth detector at time t, G grid，t The microseismic source imaging results at each moment;

[0076] The formula used to calculate the final imaging result is:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, t 1 and t 2 are the start and end time of the monitoring data time range, G grid is the final imaging result;

[0079] Each earthquake source of microseismic monitoring data is superimposed with noise.

[0080] Embodiment 4:

[0081] This embodiment provides a microseismic source imaging device based on maximum value stacking, including:

[0082] A time range acquisition module, used to obtain the time range of monitoring data based on microseismic monitoring data;

[0083] An imaging calculation module, used to calculate the microseismic source imaging results at each moment within the time range of the monitoring data based on the travel time data and the microseismic monitoring data;

[0084] A stack calculation module is used to perform maximum stack calculation on the microseismic source imaging results at each moment to obtain the final imaging result;

[0085] The travel time data include the number of detectors, the location of the grid points in the monitoring area where each detector is located, and the number of grid points;

[0086] Microseismic monitoring data include the number of earthquake sources, the location of each earthquake source and the time of onset;

[0087] The time range of monitoring data is determined by the onset time of each earthquake source;

[0088] The formula used to calculate the microseismic source imaging results at each moment is:

[0089]

[0090] Where n is the nth detector, N is the number of detectors, T n，grid is the position of the grid point in the monitoring area where the nth detector is located, D n，t is the seismic data monitored by the nth detector at time t, G grid，t The microseismic source imaging results at each moment;

[0091] The formula used to calculate the final imaging result is:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, t 1 and t 2 are the start and end time of the monitoring data time range, G grid is the final imaging result;

[0094] Each earthquake source of microseismic monitoring data is superimposed with noise.

[0095] Embodiment five:

[0096] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor.

[0097] A memory storing executable instructions;

[0098] The processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement a microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stacking.

[0099] The memory is used to store non-temporary computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may, for example, include random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory (cache), etc. The non-volatile memory may, for example, include read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0100] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of the present invention, the processor is used to run the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0101] Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain a good user experience, the present embodiment may also include well-known structures such as a communication bus and an interface, and these well-known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0102] For detailed description of this embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in the aforementioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0103] Embodiment six:

[0104] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, a microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stack is implemented.

[0105] The computer-readable storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions, and when the non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned methods of the embodiments of the present invention are executed.

[0106] The above-mentioned computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MO), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tape or mobile hard disk), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory card) and media with built-in ROM (e.g., ROM box).

[0107] The microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stack proposed in the embodiment of the present invention obtains the microseismic source imaging result by maximum value stack superposition, and can realize simultaneous imaging of multiple sources. In the calculation process, the noise energy is not superimposed, and the anti-noise performance is good. At the same time, different imaging methods can be selected for single-moment microseismic source imaging, and it has good compatibility with other imaging methods.

[0108] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A microseismic source imaging method based on maximum stacking, It is characterized in that include: The time range of monitoring data is obtained based on microseismic monitoring data; Based on the travel time data and the microseismic monitoring data, microseismic source imaging results at each moment are calculated within the time range of the monitoring data; The final imaging result is obtained by performing maximum value stack calculation on the microseismic source imaging results at each moment.

2. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The travel time data includes the number of detectors, the position of the grid point in the monitoring area where each detector is located, and the number of grid points.

3. The method according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The microseismic monitoring data includes the number of earthquake sources, the location of each earthquake source and the time of earthquake onset.

4. The method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The time range of the monitoring data is determined by the onset time of each earthquake source.

5. The method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The formula used to calculate the microseismic source imaging results at each moment is: Where n is the nth detector, N is the number of detectors, T n，grid is the position of the grid point in the monitoring area where the nth detector is located, D n，t is the seismic data monitored by the nth detector at time t, G grid，t These are the microseismic source imaging results at each moment.

6. The method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The formula used to calculate the final imaging result is: Among them, t 1 and t 2 are the start and end time of the monitoring data time range, G grid The final imaging result.

7. The method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that Each earthquake source of the microseismic monitoring data is superimposed with noise.

8. A microseismic source imaging device based on maximum value stacking, It is characterized in that include: A time range acquisition module, used to obtain the time range of monitoring data based on microseismic monitoring data; An imaging calculation module, for calculating microseismic source imaging results at each moment within the time range of the monitoring data based on the travel time data and the microseismic monitoring data; The stack calculation module is used to perform maximum stack calculation on the microseismic source imaging results at each moment to obtain the final imaging result.

9. An electronic device, It is characterized in that The electronic device comprises: A memory storing executable instructions; A processor, wherein the processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stack according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, It is characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the microseismic source imaging method based on maximum value stack described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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