Construction guiding filtering method and device for protecting effective frequency band

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seismic data processing in oil-gas exploration and development, and particularly discloses a construction guiding filtering method and device for protecting an effective frequency band, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the Gaussian filtering processing of original seismic data, and obtaining the filtering data; respectively calculating a structure tensor, a diffusion direction and a frequency operator based on the filtering data; performing calculation based on the frequency operator to obtain frequency holding data; and carrying out iterative solution on the frequency retention data to obtain guiding filtering data. According to the construction guiding filtering method for protecting the effective frequency band, on the basis of high-order structure tensor solving, through construction guiding filtering, noise in seismic data is suppressed, the transverse continuity of seismic data is improved, boundary information such as faults and lithologic tip-out can be well protected, the resolution of the seismic data is improved, and the effective frequency band is protected. And the effective information of the signal is well protected and the loss of an effective frequency band is avoided through the calculation of a frequency-preserving operator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seismic data processing in oil and gas exploration and development, and in particular to a structural guidance filtering method and device for protecting an effective frequency band. Background Art

[0002] Structural guided filtering is widely used in the field of seismic signal processing. It can effectively suppress the noise in seismic data and improve the resolution of seismic data. It is widely used in seismic data processing and modeling imaging. Structural guided filtering mainly adopts the "anisotropic diffusion" smoothing algorithm to smooth the information parallel to the seismic event axis. Compared with Gaussian filtering and median filtering, it has the advantage of protecting the boundary. However, traditional structural guided filtering has the problem of losing effective signals, resulting in the narrowing of the effective frequency band. Therefore, a method is expected to improve the filtering operator to better maintain the effective information of the signal and avoid the loss of the effective frequency band.

[0003] Based on this technical background, the present invention studies a construction-guided filtering method and device for protecting an effective frequency band. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a structural guided filtering method and device for protecting an effective frequency band. The method is based on the solution of a high-order structural tensor and suppresses the noise in the seismic data through structural guided filtering, thereby improving the lateral continuity of the seismic data, and can better protect boundary information such as faults and lithology pinch-outs, thereby improving the resolution of the seismic data. The method can also better protect the effective information of the signal and avoid the loss of the effective frequency band by obtaining a frequency preserving operator.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a construction-guided filtering method for protecting an effective frequency band, comprising:

[0006] Performing Gaussian filtering on the original seismic data to obtain filtered data;

[0007] respectively calculating a structure tensor, a diffusion direction and a frequency operator based on the filtered data;

[0008] Calculating and obtaining frequency holding data based on the frequency operator;

[0009] The frequency-holding data is iteratively solved to obtain the guided filtering data.

[0010] A second aspect of the present invention provides a structure-guided filtering device for protecting an effective frequency band, comprising:

[0011] A filtering module is used to perform Gaussian filtering on the original seismic data to obtain filtered data;

[0012] A parameter calculation module, used for respectively calculating a structure tensor, a diffusion direction and a frequency operator based on the filtering data;

[0013] A retention data calculation module, used for calculating and obtaining frequency retention data based on the frequency operator;

[0014] The iterative solution module is used to iteratively solve the frequency holding data to obtain the guided filtering data.

[0015] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0016] A memory storing executable instructions;

[0017] A processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the construction-guided filtering method for protecting the effective frequency band described in the first aspect.

[0018] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the construction-guided filtering method for protecting an effective frequency band as described in the first aspect.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0020] (1) The structural guided filtering method for protecting the effective frequency band proposed in the present invention is based on the solution of high-order structural tensor. It suppresses the noise in the seismic data through structural guided filtering, improves the lateral continuity of the seismic data, and can better protect the boundary information such as faults and lithology pinch-outs, improve the resolution of seismic data, and better protect the effective information of the signal through the frequency preservation operator to avoid the loss of effective frequency band.

[0021] (2) The structural guidance filtering method for protecting the effective frequency band proposed in the present invention solves the problem of discontinuity of the event axis of seismic data and the problem of loss of the effective frequency band in conventional structural guidance filtering through structural guidance filtering, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the seismic signal.

[0022] (3) The structural guidance filtering method for protecting the effective frequency band proposed in the present invention avoids the loss of effective signals on the basis of denoising and improving the continuity of the event axis, better protects the effective information of the signal, and improves the data resolution.

[0023] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the construction-guided filtering method for protecting the effective frequency band proposed by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 The original seismic data is in a specific implementation manner of the structure-guided filtering method for protecting the effective frequency band proposed by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 A specific implementation of the structural guidance filtering method for protecting the effective frequency band proposed by the present invention is seismic data filtered by the method of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is the original seismic data spectrum in a specific implementation of the structure-guided filtering method for protecting the effective frequency band proposed by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 A specific implementation of the structure-guided filtering method for protecting the effective frequency band proposed by the present invention is a spectrum of seismic data processed by the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0031] The present invention provides a structure-guided filtering method for protecting an effective frequency band, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0032] Performing Gaussian filtering on the original seismic data to obtain filtered data;

[0033] The structure tensor, diffusion direction and frequency operator are calculated based on the filtered data respectively;

[0034] The frequency holding data is obtained based on the frequency operator calculation;

[0035] The frequency-holding data is iteratively solved to obtain the guided filtering data.

[0036] In the present invention, based on the solution of high-order structural tensor, the noise in the seismic data is suppressed by constructing guided filtering, the lateral continuity of the seismic data is improved, and the boundary information such as faults and lithology pinch-outs can be better protected, the resolution of the seismic data is improved, and the effective information of the signal is better protected by the frequency preservation operator to avoid the loss of effective frequency band.

[0037] According to the present invention, the formula used for Gaussian filtering is:

[0038] d σ =Gσ *d org ;

[0039] Among them, d org is the original seismic data, G σ is a Gaussian function, d σ is the filtered data, and σ is the scale factor.

[0040] According to the present invention, the calculation formula of the structure tensor is:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, g xx ,g yy ,g zz They are d σ The second-order derivative of , α is the weighting coefficient.

[0043] According to the present invention, the calculation formula of the diffusion direction is:

[0044]

[0045] Among them, c is the lateral discontinuity factor and P is the diffusion tensor.

[0046] According to the present invention, the calculation formula of the diffusion tensor is:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, f 1 ,f 2 ,f 3 For S σ The eigenvector of 1 ,λ 2 ,λ 3 is the characteristic value;

[0049] The calculation formula of the eigenvalue is:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, a is the diffusion intensity control factor, k is the consistency parameter, and M is the diffusion threshold.

[0052] In the present invention, by constructing a guided filter, the problem of discontinuity of the event axis of seismic data and the problem of loss of effective frequency band in conventional structural guided filtering are solved, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of seismic signals.

[0053] Preferably, the calculation formula of the frequency operator is:

[0054] min||E(ω)D(ω)-O(ω)|| 2 ;

[0055] Where D(ω) is the spectrum of the filtered data, O(ω) is the target spectrum, and ω is the frequency.

[0056] Preferably, the calculation formula for the frequency holding data is:

[0057] d e =IFFT[E(ω)D(ω)];

[0058] Among them, d e Hold data for frequency;

[0059] The formula used for iterative solution is;

[0060]

[0061] Where k is the number of iterations, Δs is the iteration step size, and d k+1 Guided filtering data.

[0062] In the present invention, on the basis of removing noise and improving the continuity of the event axis, the loss of effective signals is avoided, the effective information of the signals is better protected, and the data resolution is improved.

[0063] The present invention will be described in more detail below by way of examples.

[0064] Embodiment 1:

[0065] This embodiment provides a construction-guided filtering method for protecting an effective frequency band, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0066] The first step is to analyze the original seismic data d org Perform Gaussian filtering:

[0067] d σ =G σ *d org (1)

[0068] Among them, G σ is a Gaussian function, σ is a scale factor;

[0069] The second step is to find the partial derivative of the filtered data;

[0070]

[0071] The third step is to calculate the structure tensor of the data after Gaussian filtering:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, g xx ,g yy ,g zz They are d σThe second-order derivative of , α is the weighting coefficient;

[0074] Step 4: Calculate the eigenvalue:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, a is the diffusion intensity control factor, k is the consistency parameter, and M is the diffusion threshold;

[0077] Step 5: Calculate the diffusion tensor:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, f 1 ,f 2 ,f 3 For S σ The eigenvector of

[0080] Step 6: Solve the diffusion direction:

[0081]

[0082] Where c is the lateral discontinuity factor;

[0083] Step 7. Solve the frequency operator E(ω) by least squares:

[0084] min||E(ω)D(ω)-O(ω)|| 2 (6)

[0085] Where D(ω) is the spectrum of seismic data, O(ω) is the target spectrum, ω is the frequency, and the frequency holding data is,

[0086] d e =IFFT[E(ω)D(ω)] (7)

[0087] Step 8: Iteratively solve the guided filtering data:

[0088]

[0089] Where k is the number of iterations and Δs is the iteration step. When the number of iterations is met, the iteration is terminated and the result of this iteration is d k +1 This is the final construction guided filtering result.

[0090] In this embodiment, the Figure 2 The seismic data shown in FIG. 1 are subjected to a structural guidance filtering test. The structural guidance filtering method of the present invention is used to process the data. The results obtained are as follows: Figure 3As shown in the figure, it can be seen from the processing results that the method of the present invention effectively suppresses the noise in the seismic data, significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio, significantly enhances the continuity of the seismic event axis, and highlights the effective wave information; Figure 4 , Figure 5 They are the spectra before and after data processing, respectively. It can be seen that there is no obvious loss in the frequency band of the seismic data, and the high-frequency end is improved, which proves the effectiveness of the method of the present invention.

[0091] Embodiment 2:

[0092] This embodiment provides a construction-guided filtering method for protecting an effective frequency band, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0093] Performing Gaussian filtering on the original seismic data to obtain filtered data;

[0094] The structure tensor, diffusion direction and frequency operator are calculated based on the filtered data respectively;

[0095] The frequency holding data is obtained based on the frequency operator calculation;

[0096] Iteratively solving the frequency holding data to obtain guided filtering data;

[0097] The formula used for Gaussian filtering is:

[0098] d σ =G σ *d org ;

[0099] Among them, d org is the original seismic data, G σ is a Gaussian function, d σ is the filtered data, σ is the scale factor;

[0100] The calculation formula of the structure tensor is:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, g xx ,g yy ,g zz They are d σ The second-order derivative of , α is the weighting coefficient;

[0103] The calculation formula for the diffusion direction is:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, c is the lateral discontinuity factor, P is the diffusion tensor;

[0106] The calculation formula of the diffusion tensor is:

[0107]

[0108] Among them, f 1 ,f 2 ,f 3 For S σ The eigenvector of 1 ,λ 2 ,λ 3 is the characteristic value;

[0109] The calculation formula of the eigenvalue is:

[0110]

[0111] Among them, a is the diffusion intensity control factor, k is the consistency parameter, and M is the diffusion threshold; the calculation formula of the frequency operator is:

[0112] min||E(ω)D(ω)-O(ω)|| 2 ;

[0113] Where D(ω) is the spectrum of the filtered data, O(ω) is the target spectrum, and ω is the frequency;

[0114] The frequency hold data is calculated using the formula:

[0115] d e =IFFT[E(ω)D(ω)];

[0116] Among them, d e Hold data for frequency;

[0117] The formula used for iterative solution is;

[0118]

[0119] Where k is the number of iterations, Δs is the iteration step size, and d k+1 Guided filtering data.

[0120] Embodiment three:

[0121] This embodiment provides a structure-guided filtering device for protecting an effective frequency band, comprising:

[0122] A filtering module is used to perform Gaussian filtering on the original seismic data to obtain filtered data;

[0123] A parameter calculation module, used to calculate the structure tensor, diffusion direction and frequency operator based on the filtered data;

[0124] A retention data calculation module, used for obtaining frequency retention data based on a frequency operator;

[0125] An iterative solution module, used for iteratively solving the frequency holding data to obtain guided filtering data;

[0126] The formula used for Gaussian filtering is:

[0127] d σ =G σ *d org ;

[0128] Among them, d org is the original seismic data, G σ is a Gaussian function, d σ is the filtered data, σ is the scale factor;

[0129] The calculation formula of the structure tensor is:

[0130]

[0131] Among them, g xx ,g yy ,g zz They are d σ The second-order derivative of , α is the weighting coefficient;

[0132] The calculation formula for the diffusion direction is:

[0133]

[0134] Among them, c is the lateral discontinuity factor, P is the diffusion tensor;

[0135] The calculation formula of the diffusion tensor is:

[0136]

[0137] Among them, f 1 ,f 2 ,f 3 For S σ The eigenvector of 1 ,λ 2 ,λ 3 is the characteristic value;

[0138] The calculation formula of the eigenvalue is:

[0139]

[0140] Among them, a is the diffusion intensity control factor, k is the consistency parameter, and M is the diffusion threshold;

[0141] The frequency operator is calculated as:

[0142] min||E(ω)D(ω)-O(ω)|| 2 ;

[0143] Where D(ω) is the spectrum of the filtered data, O(ω) is the target spectrum, and ω is the frequency;

[0144] The frequency hold data is calculated using the formula:

[0145] d e =IFFT[E(ω)D(ω)];

[0146] Among them, d e Hold data for frequency;

[0147] The formula used for iterative solution is;

[0148]

[0149] Where k is the number of iterations, Δs is the iteration step size, and d k+1 Guided filtering data.

[0150] Embodiment 4:

[0151] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor.

[0152] A memory storing executable instructions;

[0153] The processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement a structure-guided filtering method for protecting a valid frequency band.

[0154] The memory is used to store non-temporary computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may, for example, include random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory (cache), etc. The non-volatile memory may, for example, include read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0155] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of the present invention, the processor is used to run the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0156] Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain a good user experience, the present embodiment may also include well-known structures such as a communication bus and an interface, and these well-known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0157] For detailed description of this embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in the aforementioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0158] Embodiment five:

[0159] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, a construction-guided filtering method for protecting an effective frequency band is implemented.

[0160] The computer-readable storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions, and when the non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned methods of the embodiments of the present invention are executed.

[0161] The above-mentioned computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MO), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tape or mobile hard disk), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory card) and media with built-in ROM (e.g., ROM box).

[0162] The structural guided filtering method for protecting the effective frequency band proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is based on the solution of the high-order structural tensor. It suppresses the noise in the seismic data through structural guided filtering, improves the lateral continuity of the seismic data, and can better protect the boundary information such as faults and lithology pinch-outs, improve the resolution of seismic data, and better protect the effective information of the signal through the frequency preservation operator to avoid the loss of the effective frequency band.

[0163] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A construction-guided filtering method for protecting effective frequency bands, It is characterized in that include: Performing Gaussian filtering on the original seismic data to obtain filtered data; respectively calculating a structure tensor, a diffusion direction and a frequency operator based on the filtered data; Calculating and obtaining frequency holding data based on the frequency operator; The frequency-holding data is iteratively solved to obtain the guided filtering data.

2. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The formula used in the Gaussian filtering process is: d σ =G σ *d org ; Among them, d org is the original seismic data, G σ is a Gaussian function, d σ is the filtered data, and σ is the scale factor.

3. The method according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The calculation formula of the structure tensor is: Among them, g xx ,g yy ,g zz They are d σ The second-order derivative of , α is the weighting coefficient.

4. The method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The calculation formula for the diffusion direction is: Among them, c is the lateral discontinuity factor and P is the diffusion tensor.

5. The method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The calculation formula of the diffusion tensor is: Among them, f 1 ,f 2 ,f 3 For S σ The eigenvector of 1 ,λ 2 ,λ 3 is the characteristic value; The calculation formula of the characteristic value is: Among them, a is the diffusion intensity control factor, k is the consistency parameter, and M is the diffusion threshold.

6. The method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The calculation formula of the frequency operator is: min||E(ω)D(ω)-O(ω)|| 2 ; Where D(ω) is the spectrum of the filtered data, O(ω) is the target spectrum, and ω is the frequency.

7. The method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The calculation formula of the frequency holding data is: the e =IFFT[E(ω)D(ω)]; Among them, d e Hold data for frequency; The formula used for the iterative solution is: Where k is the number of iterations, Δs is the iteration step size, and d k+1 Guided filtering data.

8. A structurally guided filtering device for protecting an effective frequency band, It is characterized in that include: A filtering module is used to perform Gaussian filtering on the original seismic data to obtain filtered data; A parameter calculation module, used for respectively calculating a structure tensor, a diffusion direction and a frequency operator based on the filtering data; A retention data calculation module, used for calculating and obtaining frequency retention data based on the frequency operator; The iterative solution module is used to iteratively solve the frequency holding data to obtain the guided filtering data.

9. An electronic device, It is characterized in that The electronic device comprises: A memory storing executable instructions; A processor, wherein the processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the construction-guided filtering method for protecting an effective frequency band according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, It is characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the construction-guided filtering method for protecting an effective frequency band according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

Images