A method for constructing a basin water resources scheduling model based on formalized matrix

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for constructing a basin water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix. The method includes dividing calculation units; constructing a basin water cycle scheduling matrix, defining calculation units as matrix elements; performing unit water cycle calculations to predict the interval water inflow and industry water demand of each calculation unit; simulating the water withdrawal, consumption, and discharge process based on the calculation unit water inflow forecast, industry water demand, and project water supply capacity; determining the water supply scheduling rules for each reservoir; and finally, simulating the basin water resources scheduling process based on the basin water cycle scheduling matrix, outputting the water demand satisfaction rate of each water unit and the flow guarantee rate of important monitoring sections in the basin. Thus, the basin water cycle scheduling matrix is used to represent the spatial layout of basin water resources scheduling, effectively implementing basin water resources scheduling. Furthermore, the results of the basin water resources scheduling model can be visualized, improving the work efficiency of researchers studying basin water resources scheduling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of water resource scheduling, and in particular relates to a method for constructing a watershed water resource scheduling model based on a formalized matrix. Background Art

[0002] In the basin water cycle calculation of basin water resources scheduling, the model's calculation of the basin water cycle follows the natural law from upstream to downstream, from tributaries to the main stream. In this calculation process, it is necessary to establish hydraulic connections between the various intervals (units) in the basin in the machine model, such as determining whether there is direct water resource exchange between intervals (units). Water resource exchange is not limited to one-to-one between two intervals (units), but also exists in a many-to-one situation between multiple intervals (units).

[0003] Currently, in models, hydraulic connections are primarily determined by directly determining whether hydraulic connections exist between intervals (units) using hydraulic connection data tables. This approach often uses these tables as black-box data in the simulation calculations of watershed water resource scheduling models. This makes it difficult for users of watershed water resource scheduling models to directly understand the spatial distribution of scheduling results from the model's calculations, let alone to directly make basin-wide spatial judgments on the scheduling results. Therefore, watershed water resource scheduling often involves two steps: the construction of a watershed water resource scheduling model and the preparation of scheduling plans, and the development of a watershed water resource scheduling system platform. One of the main goals of this platform is to improve the visualization of watershed water resource scheduling, enabling intuitive spatial judgment and decision-making of scheduling results. However, the cost of building a water resource scheduling system platform is prohibitive, and often there's no need for it. Therefore, improving the visualization of watershed water resource scheduling models can improve efficiency and reduce costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a basin water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix, aiming to improve the visibility and readability of the basin water resources scheduling model based on the basin water cycle matrix by using a matrix to represent the basin spatial water cycle process.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problem with the following technical solution: a method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S1: Obtain the water system distribution of the basin, the distribution of water clusters, the dispatching project and the location of the monitoring section, and divide the calculation units based on this, including the water system calculation unit and the dispatching project calculation unit;

[0007] Step S2: Construct a water cycle scheduling matrix for the river basin, define the river basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit as matrix elements, define the tributaries of the river system as the columns of the matrix, and define the main stream of the river system as the last row of the matrix;

[0008] Step S3: predicting the water inflow and water use demand of each watershed water system calculation unit, and simulating the water intake process, water use process, water consumption process, and water discharge process of the corresponding watershed water system calculation unit based on the water inflow demand, water use demand, and water supply capacity of the calculation unit;

[0009] Step S4: determining the single reservoir water supply scheduling rule of the reservoir in the scheduling engineering calculation unit;

[0010] Collect the engineering parameters corresponding to the scheduling engineering calculation unit, clarify the inflow and engineering water supply tasks as input conditions, and determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules based on preset regulations; the regulations include flood control scheduling regulations and benefit scheduling regulations;

[0011] Step S5: Construct the constraints and objective function of the basin water resources scheduling, simulate the basin water resources scheduling process according to the basin water cycle scheduling matrix, and obtain the reservoir scheduling process of each scheduling project calculation unit and the flow process of important monitoring sections in the basin;

[0012] Step S6: Analyze and calculate the water demand satisfaction rate of each calculation unit and the flow guarantee rate of the monitoring section after the water resources scheduling of the basin.

[0013] Furthermore, step S1 is specifically as follows:

[0014] Step S11: Collect basin terrain elevation data, and use Arcgis tools to draw a basin river system map based on it, so as to determine the basin range, that is, the basin water system distribution;

[0015] Step S12: Based on the administrative divisions within the watershed, the distribution of water use clusters within the watershed is determined according to the layout of the administrative divisions and the structural characteristics of the water use in the watershed; the layout of the administrative divisions includes the distribution of agriculture, population, and industry;

[0016] Step S13: Collecting the dispatching projects within the watershed, including water diversion and storage project information, and obtaining the location of monitoring sections within the watershed;

[0017] Step S14: Based on the distribution of water systems in the basin and the distribution of water-using clusters, the calculation units for water resources scheduling in the basin are divided with the scheduling projects and monitoring section locations as nodes, wherein the calculation units include the water system calculation units in the basin and the scheduling project calculation units.

[0018] Furthermore, step S2 is specifically as follows:

[0019] Step S21: Based on the flow direction consistency and physical morphological characteristics of the river system, a matrix is constructed as a watershed water resources scheduling to represent the water cycle process in the watershed;

[0020] Step S22: Matrix Columns Represents the tributaries of the river, and the column elements are the calculation units and scheduling projects on the tributaries. Represents the main stream of the river. The last row of elements represents the watershed system and regulation projects on the main stream. It is expressed as:

[0021] ;

[0022] ;

[0023] ;

[0024] Where, is a matrix, is the total number of rows in the matrix, is the total number of columns of the matrix;

[0025] Step S23: Based on the divided watershed water system calculation units and scheduling project calculation units, a matrix is established, where the matrix elements include the watershed water system calculation units and the scheduling project calculation units, where the watershed water system calculation units are represented by positive integers and the scheduling project calculation units are represented by negative integers;

[0026] Step S24: When the number of units of each tributary of the river is different, based on the definition that each row or column of the matrix has the same number of elements, 0 is used as the water-passing unit element to fill the matrix elements of the non-basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit to ensure that each tributary has the same number of elements in each column of the matrix.

[0027] Furthermore, step 3 is specifically as follows:

[0028] Step S31: Determine the period and time step of water resources scheduling in the basin, wherein the period and time step of water demand and water demand are consistent;

[0029] Step S32: combining meteorological data, and calculating and forecasting water demand through basin runoff analysis;

[0030] Step S33: Based on water use characteristics, the water demand of the water system calculation unit in the basin is divided into agricultural demand, domestic demand, industrial demand, and river demand. The water demand is calculated using the quota method. The water supply capacity of the water diversion projects, water lifting projects, and water storage projects within the water system calculation unit in the basin is analyzed, that is, the project water supply capacity. The actual water consumption of the calculation unit is simulated based on the predicted water demand, water demand, and project water supply capacity. The water consumption of the unit is calculated based on the water consumption rate of different industries. It is expressed as:

[0031] ;

[0032] Where: is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period The actual water consumption, is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period Socioeconomic water demand, is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period The engineering water supply capacity, is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period The amount of natural water, Represents a minimum evaluation function.

[0033] Furthermore, step 4 is specifically as follows:

[0034] Step S41: Determine the functions of each scheduling engineering calculation unit, including water supply, flood control, power generation, irrigation, ecology, and shipping. Based on the functions and the flood control scheduling regulations and utility scheduling regulations of the corresponding scheduling engineering calculation unit, determine the storage and discharge requirements, water supply tasks, and water supply methods of the scheduling engineering calculation unit. The inflow and project water supply tasks are used as input conditions for the scheduling engineering unit.

[0035] Among them, the dispatching project includes reservoirs;

[0036] Step S42: clarifying the engineering characteristic parameters of the scheduling engineering calculation unit, the engineering characteristic parameters include the water level characteristic value of the scheduling engineering, the water level-storage capacity relationship curve of the reservoir, and the reservoir discharge capacity. The water level characteristic value includes the dead water level, the normal water level, and the flood limit water level;

[0037] Step S43: selecting water level, reservoir capacity, inflow or outflow as the solution variable output by the scheduling engineering calculation unit;

[0038] Step S44: Based on this, determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules of the reservoir in the scheduling engineering calculation unit.

[0039] Furthermore, in step S5, the constraints and objective function for basin water resources scheduling are constructed as follows:

[0040] Step S51: The constraints for basin water resources scheduling are as follows; specifically:

[0041] Reservoir water level constraints: ;

[0042] Constraints on reservoir discharge volume: ;

[0043] Reservoir water balance constraints: ;

[0044] Non-negative constraint: All variables involved in the calculation process are greater than or equal to 0;

[0045] Where, for Reservoir during the period The reservoir water level, 、 They are Reservoir during the period The lowest and highest reservoir water levels, 、 They are Reservoir in The minimum and maximum water discharge volume during the time period; 、 They are Reservoir in The amount of reservoir water at the end and beginning of the period, 、 、 They are Reservoir in The amount of water entering, discarding and leaving the reservoir during the period, for Reservoir in The amount of water supplied directly from the reservoir area during the period;

[0046] Step S52: constructing an objective function for basin water resources scheduling based on preset social benefit indicators or economic benefit indicators;

[0047] Step S53: Use the matrix factory Matlab tool to read the constructed matrix as the basin water cycle scheduling matrix, follow the calculation principle of tributaries first and then main stream, from upstream to downstream, calculate from the river source to the river mouth as a basin water resources scheduling trial calculation, optimize the scheduling process of each reservoir, and seek the Pareto solution.

[0048] Furthermore, step S21 is specifically as follows:

[0049] Step S21a: Based on the similarity between the main and tributary streams of a river and the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, the main and tributary streams of the river are formalized into the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, and the trunk, branches and forks of the tree are formalized into rows and columns of a matrix, thereby formalizing the river system using a matrix;

[0050] Step S21b: The spatial layout of the main and tributary rivers of the water system is represented according to the row and column spatial characteristics of the matrix, and each element of the matrix is used to represent the watershed water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit within the watershed.

[0051] Furthermore, step S53 is specifically as follows:

[0052] Step S53a: Based on the principle of calculating tributaries first, the columns of the matrix are calculated first. The natural-social binary water cycle of the tributary is calculated starting from the first non-zero cell in each column of the matrix. The discharge of each tributary (i.e., each column of the matrix) into the main stream (i.e., the last row of the matrix) is calculated one by one. The formula is as follows:

[0053] ;

[0054] Where, For computing units The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing units The water flow in the interval, To calculate the water consumption of the unit's socio-economic water use, For computing units The amount of water flowing into the calculation unit upstream of the tributary;

[0055] Step S53b: After simulating and calculating the natural-social binary water cycle of each tributary, simulate and calculate the natural-social binary water cycle of the main stream, starting from the first calculation unit in the last row of the matrix and calculating from upstream to downstream to the last calculation unit, the formula is as follows:

[0056] ;

[0057] Where, For computing units The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing units The amount of water discharged from the upstream calculation unit of the main stream into this calculation unit, For computing units The amount of water flowing into a tributary.

[0058] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0059] Based on the spatial layout of water resources scheduling in the entire river basin, this paper proposes a basin water resources scheduling model construction method based on a formalized matrix. The basin water cycle scheduling matrix is used to represent the spatial layout of basin water resources scheduling, effectively realizing basin water resources scheduling. At the same time, it can enhance the visualization of basin water resources scheduling model results and improve the work efficiency of staff studying basin water resources scheduling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the steps of a method for constructing a basin water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0062] Reference Figure 1 A method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formal matrix, the method comprising the following steps:

[0063] Step S1: Obtain the water system distribution of the basin, the distribution of water clusters, the dispatching project and the location of the monitoring section, and divide the calculation units based on this, including the water system calculation unit and the dispatching project calculation unit;

[0064] Step S2: Construct a water cycle scheduling matrix for the river basin, define the river basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit as matrix elements, define the tributaries of the river system as the columns of the matrix, and define the main stream of the river system as the last row of the matrix;

[0065] Step S3: predicting the water inflow and water use demand of each watershed water system calculation unit, and simulating the water intake process, water use process, water consumption process, and water discharge process of the corresponding watershed water system calculation unit based on the water inflow demand, water use demand, and water supply capacity of the calculation unit;

[0066] Step S4: determining the single reservoir water supply scheduling rule of the reservoir in the scheduling engineering calculation unit;

[0067] Collect the engineering parameters corresponding to the scheduling engineering calculation unit, clarify the inflow and engineering water supply tasks as input conditions, and determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules based on preset regulations; the regulations include flood control scheduling regulations and benefit scheduling regulations;

[0068] Step S5: Construct the constraints and objective function of the basin water resources scheduling, simulate the basin water resources scheduling process according to the basin water cycle scheduling matrix, and obtain the reservoir scheduling process of each scheduling project calculation unit and the flow process of important monitoring sections in the basin;

[0069] Step S6: Analyze and calculate the water demand satisfaction rate of each calculation unit and the flow guarantee rate of the monitoring section after the water resources scheduling of the basin.

[0070] Furthermore, step S1 is specifically as follows:

[0071] Step S11: Collect basin terrain elevation data, and use Arcgis tools to draw a basin river system map based on it, so as to determine the basin range, that is, the basin water system distribution;

[0072] Step S12: Based on the administrative divisions within the watershed, the distribution of water use clusters within the watershed is determined according to the layout of the administrative divisions and the structural characteristics of the water use in the watershed; the layout of the administrative divisions includes the distribution of agriculture, population, and industry;

[0073] Step S13: Collecting the dispatching projects within the watershed, including water diversion and storage project information, and obtaining the location of monitoring sections within the watershed;

[0074] Step S14: Based on the distribution of water systems in the basin and the distribution of water-using clusters, the calculation units for water resources scheduling in the basin are divided with the scheduling projects and monitoring section locations as nodes, wherein the calculation units include the water system calculation units in the basin and the scheduling project calculation units.

[0075] Furthermore, step S2 is specifically as follows:

[0076] Step S21: Based on the flow direction consistency and physical morphological characteristics of the river system, a matrix is constructed as a watershed water resources scheduling to represent the water cycle process in the watershed;

[0077] Step S22: Matrix Columns Represents the tributaries of the river, and the column elements are the calculation units and scheduling projects on the tributaries. Represents the main stream of the river. The last row of elements represents the watershed system and regulation projects on the main stream. It is expressed as:

[0078] ;

[0079] ;

[0080] ;

[0081] Where, is a matrix, is the total number of rows in the matrix, is the total number of columns of the matrix;

[0082] Step S23: Based on the divided watershed water system calculation units and scheduling project calculation units, a matrix is established, where the matrix elements include the watershed water system calculation units and the scheduling project calculation units, where the watershed water system calculation units are represented by positive integers and the scheduling project calculation units are represented by negative integers;

[0083] Step S24: When the number of units of each tributary of the river is different, based on the definition that each row or column of the matrix has the same number of elements, 0 is used as the water-passing unit element to fill the matrix elements of the non-basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit to ensure that each tributary has the same number of elements in each column of the matrix.

[0084] Furthermore, step 3 is specifically as follows:

[0085] Step S31: Determine the period and time step of water resources scheduling in the basin, wherein the period and time step of water demand and water demand are consistent;

[0086] Step S32: combining meteorological data, and calculating and forecasting water demand through basin runoff analysis;

[0087] Step S33: Based on water use characteristics, the water demand of the water system calculation unit in the basin is divided into agricultural demand, domestic demand, industrial demand, and river demand. The water demand is calculated using the quota method. The water supply capacity of the water diversion projects, water lifting projects, and water storage projects within the water system calculation unit in the basin is analyzed, that is, the project water supply capacity. The actual water consumption of the calculation unit is simulated based on the predicted water demand, water demand, and project water supply capacity. The water consumption of the unit is calculated based on the water consumption rate of different industries. It is expressed as:

[0088] ;

[0089] Where: is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period The actual water consumption, is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period Socioeconomic water demand, is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period The engineering water supply capacity, is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period The amount of natural water, Represents a minimum evaluation function.

[0090] Furthermore, step 4 is specifically as follows:

[0091] Step S41: Determine the functions of each scheduling engineering calculation unit, including water supply, flood control, power generation, irrigation, ecology, and shipping. Based on the functions and the flood control scheduling regulations and utility scheduling regulations of the corresponding scheduling engineering calculation unit, determine the storage and discharge requirements, water supply tasks, and water supply methods of the scheduling engineering calculation unit. The inflow and project water supply tasks are used as input conditions for the scheduling engineering unit.

[0092] Among them, the dispatching project includes reservoirs;

[0093] Step S42: clarifying the engineering characteristic parameters of the scheduling engineering calculation unit, the engineering characteristic parameters include the water level characteristic value of the scheduling engineering, the water level-storage capacity relationship curve of the reservoir, and the reservoir discharge capacity. The water level characteristic value includes the dead water level, the normal water level, and the flood limit water level;

[0094] Step S43: selecting water level, reservoir capacity, inflow or outflow as the solution variable output by the scheduling engineering calculation unit;

[0095] Step S44: Based on this, determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules of the reservoir in the scheduling engineering calculation unit.

[0096] Furthermore, in step S5, the constraints and objective function for basin water resources scheduling are constructed as follows:

[0097] Step S51: The constraints for basin water resources scheduling are as follows; specifically:

[0098] Reservoir water level constraints: ;

[0099] Constraints on reservoir discharge volume: ;

[0100] Reservoir water balance constraints: ;

[0101] Non-negative constraint: All variables involved in the calculation process are greater than or equal to 0;

[0102] Where, for Reservoir during the period The reservoir water level, 、 They are Reservoir during the period The lowest and highest reservoir water levels, 、 They are Reservoir in The minimum and maximum water discharge volume during the time period; 、 They are Reservoir in The amount of reservoir water at the end and beginning of the period, 、 、 They are Reservoir in The amount of water entering, discarding and leaving the reservoir during the period, for Reservoir in The amount of water supplied directly from the reservoir area during the period;

[0103] Step S52: constructing an objective function for basin water resources scheduling based on preset social benefit indicators or economic benefit indicators;

[0104] Step S53: Use the matrix factory Matlab tool to read the constructed matrix as the basin water cycle scheduling matrix, follow the calculation principle of tributaries first and then main stream, from upstream to downstream, calculate from the river source to the river mouth as a basin water resources scheduling trial calculation, optimize the scheduling process of each reservoir, and seek the Pareto solution.

[0105] Furthermore, step S21 is specifically as follows:

[0106] Step S21a: Based on the similarity between the main and tributary streams of a river and the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, the main and tributary streams of the river are formalized into the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, and the trunk, branches and forks of the tree are formalized into rows and columns of a matrix, thereby formalizing the river system using a matrix;

[0107] Step S21b: The spatial layout of the main and tributary rivers of the water system is represented according to the row and column spatial characteristics of the matrix, and each element of the matrix is used to represent the watershed water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit within the watershed.

[0108] Furthermore, step S53 is specifically as follows:

[0109] Step S53a: Based on the principle of calculating tributaries first, the columns of the matrix are calculated first. The natural-social binary water cycle of the tributary is calculated starting from the first non-zero cell in each column of the matrix. The discharge of each tributary (i.e., each column of the matrix) into the main stream (i.e., the last row of the matrix) is calculated one by one. The formula is as follows:

[0110] ;

[0111] Where, For computing units The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing units The water flow in the interval, To calculate the water consumption of the unit's socio-economic water use, For computing units The amount of water flowing into the calculation unit upstream of the tributary;

[0112] Step S53b: After simulating and calculating the natural-social binary water cycle of each tributary, simulate and calculate the natural-social binary water cycle of the main stream, starting from the first calculation unit in the last row of the matrix and calculating from upstream to downstream to the last calculation unit, the formula is as follows:

[0113] ;

[0114] Where, For computing units The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing units The amount of water discharged from the upstream calculation unit of the main stream into this calculation unit, For computing units The amount of water flowing into a tributary.

[0115] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a basin water resources scheduling model based on a formal matrix, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the water system distribution of the basin, the distribution of water clusters, the dispatching project and the location of the monitoring section, and divide the calculation units based on this, including the water system calculation unit and the dispatching project calculation unit; Step S2: Construct a water cycle scheduling matrix for the river basin, define the river basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit as matrix elements, define the tributaries of the river system as the columns of the matrix, and define the main stream of the river system as the last row of the matrix; Step S3: predicting the water inflow and water use demand of each watershed water system calculation unit, and simulating the water intake process, water use process, water consumption process, and water discharge process of the corresponding watershed water system calculation unit based on the water inflow demand, water use demand, and water supply capacity of the calculation unit; Step S4: determining the single reservoir water supply scheduling rule of the reservoir in the scheduling engineering calculation unit; Collect the engineering parameters corresponding to the scheduling engineering calculation unit, clarify the inflow and engineering water supply tasks as input conditions, and determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules based on preset regulations; the regulations include flood control scheduling regulations and benefit scheduling regulations; Step S5: Construct the constraints and objective function of the basin water resources scheduling, simulate the basin water resources scheduling process according to the basin water cycle scheduling matrix, and obtain the reservoir scheduling process of each scheduling project calculation unit and the flow process of important monitoring sections in the basin; Step S6: Analyze and calculate the water demand satisfaction rate of each calculation unit and the flow guarantee rate of the monitoring section after the water resources scheduling of the basin.

2. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S1 is specifically as follows: Step S11: Collect basin terrain elevation data, and use Arcgis tools to draw a basin river system map based on it, so as to determine the basin range, that is, the basin water system distribution; Step S12: Based on the administrative divisions within the watershed, the distribution of water use clusters within the watershed is determined according to the layout of the administrative divisions and the structural characteristics of the water use in the watershed; the layout of the administrative divisions includes the distribution of agriculture, population, and industry; Step S13: Collecting the dispatching projects within the watershed, including water diversion and storage project information, and obtaining the location of monitoring sections within the watershed; Step S14: Based on the distribution of water systems in the basin and the distribution of water-using clusters, the calculation units for water resources scheduling in the basin are divided with the scheduling projects and monitoring section locations as nodes, wherein the calculation units include the water system calculation units in the basin and the scheduling project calculation units.

3. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Step S2 is specifically as follows: Step S21: Based on the flow direction consistency and physical morphological characteristics of the river system, a matrix is constructed as a watershed water resources scheduling to represent the water cycle process in the watershed; Step S22: Matrix Columns Represents the tributaries of the river, and the column elements are the calculation units and scheduling projects on the tributaries. Represents the main stream of the river. The last row of elements represents the watershed system and regulation projects on the main stream. It is expressed as: ； ； ； Where: is a matrix, is the total number of rows in the matrix, is the total number of columns of the matrix; Step S23: Based on the divided watershed water system calculation units and scheduling project calculation units, a matrix is established, where the matrix elements include the watershed water system calculation units and the scheduling project calculation units, where the watershed water system calculation units are represented by positive integers and the scheduling project calculation units are represented by negative integers; Step S24: When the number of units of each tributary of the river is different, based on the definition that each row or column of the matrix has the same number of elements, 0 is used as the water-passing unit element to fill the matrix elements of the non-basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit to ensure that each tributary has the same number of elements in each column of the matrix.

4. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Step 3 is as follows: Step S31: Determine the period and time step of water resources scheduling in the basin, wherein the period and time step of water demand and water demand are consistent; Step S32: combining meteorological data, and calculating and forecasting water demand through basin runoff analysis; Step S33: Based on water use characteristics, the water demand of the water system calculation unit in the basin is divided into agricultural demand, domestic demand, industrial demand, and river demand. The water demand is calculated using the quota method. The water supply capacity of the water diversion projects, water lifting projects, and water storage projects within the water system calculation unit in the basin is analyzed, that is, the project water supply capacity. The actual water consumption of the calculation unit is simulated based on the predicted water demand, water demand, and project water supply capacity. The water consumption of the unit is calculated based on the water consumption rate of different industries. It is expressed as: ； Where: is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period The actual water consumption, is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period Socioeconomic water demand, is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period The engineering water supply capacity, is a matrix The calculation unit of the watershed water system in the period The amount of natural water, Represents a minimum evaluation function.

5. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Step 4 is as follows: Step S41: Determine the functions of each scheduling engineering calculation unit, including water supply, flood control, power generation, irrigation, ecology, and shipping. Based on the functions and the flood control scheduling regulations and utility scheduling regulations of the corresponding scheduling engineering calculation unit, determine the storage and discharge requirements, water supply tasks, and water supply methods of the scheduling engineering calculation unit. The inflow and project water supply tasks are used as input conditions for the scheduling engineering unit. Among them, the dispatching project includes reservoirs; Step S42: clarifying the engineering characteristic parameters of the scheduling engineering calculation unit, the engineering characteristic parameters include the water level characteristic value of the scheduling engineering, the water level-storage capacity relationship curve of the reservoir, and the reservoir discharge capacity. The water level characteristic value includes the dead water level, the normal water level, and the flood limit water level; Step S43: selecting water level, reservoir capacity, inflow or outflow as the solution variable output by the scheduling engineering calculation unit; Step S44: Based on this, determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules of the reservoir in the scheduling engineering calculation unit.

6. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The constraints and objective functions for basin water resources scheduling in step S5 are as follows: Step S51: The constraints for basin water resources scheduling are as follows; specifically: Reservoir water level constraints: ; Constraints on reservoir discharge volume: ; Reservoir water balance constraints: ; Non-negative constraint: All variables involved in the calculation process are greater than or equal to 0; Where, for Reservoir during the period The reservoir water level, 、 They are Reservoir during the period The lowest and highest reservoir water levels, 、 They are Reservoir in The minimum and maximum water discharge volume during the time period; 、 They are Reservoir in The amount of reservoir water at the end and beginning of the period, 、 、 They are Reservoir in The amount of water entering, discarding and leaving the reservoir during the period, for Reservoir in The amount of water supplied directly from the reservoir area during the period; Step S52: constructing an objective function for basin water resources scheduling based on preset social benefit indicators or economic benefit indicators; Step S53: Use the matrix factory Matlab tool to read the constructed matrix as the basin water cycle scheduling matrix, follow the calculation principle of tributaries first and then main stream, from upstream to downstream, calculate from the river source to the river mouth as a basin water resources scheduling trial calculation, optimize the scheduling process of each reservoir, and seek the Pareto solution.

7. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Step S21 is specifically as follows: Step S21a: Based on the similarity between the main and tributary streams of a river and the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, the main and tributary streams of the river are formalized into the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, and the trunk, branches and forks of the tree are formalized into rows and columns of a matrix, thereby formalizing the river system using a matrix; Step S21b: The spatial layout of the main and tributary rivers of the water system is represented according to the row and column spatial characteristics of the matrix, and each element of the matrix is used to represent the watershed water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit within the watershed.

8. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Step S53 is specifically as follows: Step S53a: Based on the principle of calculating tributaries first, the columns of the matrix are calculated first. The natural-social binary water cycle of the tributary is calculated starting from the first non-zero cell in each column of the matrix. The discharge of each tributary (i.e., each column of the matrix) into the main stream (i.e., the last row of the matrix) is calculated one by one. The formula is as follows: ； Where, For computing units The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing units The water flow in the interval, To calculate the water consumption of the unit's socio-economic water use, For computing units The amount of water flowing into the calculation unit upstream of the tributary; Step S53b: After simulating and calculating the natural-social binary water cycle of each tributary, simulate and calculate the natural-social binary water cycle of the main stream, starting from the first calculation unit in the last row of the matrix and calculating from upstream to downstream to the last calculation unit, the formula is as follows: ； Where, For computing units The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing units The amount of water discharged from the upstream calculation unit of the main stream into this calculation unit, For computing units The amount of water flowing into a tributary.

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