A method, apparatus, and medium for analyzing airflow movement distribution and virus distribution on a mask

Abstract

The application discloses an analysis method and device for airflow movement distribution and virus distribution on a mask and a medium, relates to the technical field of public health, and comprises the following steps: constructing a three-dimensional face model and a mask model according to a three-dimensional modeling design software, and extracting an air domain formed by the mask and the face; performing computational fluid dynamics simulation on the air domain formed by the mask and the face by using a computational fluid dynamics software to obtain a simulation result; comprehensively analyzing the airflow movement distribution on the mask, and calculating a virus distribution rule of virus particles on the mask; and optimizing the material and structure of the mask based on the virus distribution rule. The application solves the problems that the design optimization of the mask structure is limited and the mask protection performance is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of public health technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and medium for analyzing airflow distribution and virus distribution on a face mask. Background Technology

[0002] In the current global public health field, personal protective equipment, especially masks, has become a key tool for preventing the spread of respiratory diseases. With a deeper understanding of virus transmission mechanisms, the role of masks in blocking the transmission of viral particles is receiving increasing attention. Although there are many types of masks on the market, most products suffer from technical problems such as insufficient protective performance, poor breathability, and discomfort when worn. These issues limit the user experience and protective effectiveness of masks.

[0003] Polypropylene meltblown fabric, as the core filter layer of masks, has relatively mature technology, but researchers are still constantly exploring ways to improve its protective capabilities while reducing filtration resistance, enhancing its impermeability, and maintaining its shape. Therefore, current technology lacks a deep understanding of airflow movement on masks. Uneven distribution of airflow on masks may cause virus particles to accumulate in certain areas, reducing overall protective effectiveness and thus limiting the optimization of mask structure design and the improvement of mask protective performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method, device, and medium for analyzing airflow distribution and virus distribution on a mask, in order to solve the problems of limited design optimization of mask structure and low protective performance of masks.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for analyzing airflow distribution and virus distribution on a face mask, including:

[0007] Using 3D modeling software, construct a 3D face model and a mask model, and extract the airspace formed by the mask and the face.

[0008] Computational fluid dynamics software was used to perform a computational fluid dynamics simulation on the air domain formed by the mask and the face, and the simulation results were obtained; the simulation results are the airflow distribution on the mask.

[0009] A comprehensive analysis of the airflow distribution on the mask was conducted, and the distribution pattern of virus particles on the mask was calculated.

[0010] Based on the aforementioned virus distribution patterns, the materials and structure of the masks were optimized.

[0011] Secondly, this application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the analysis method for airflow distribution and virus distribution on the mask described above.

[0012] Thirdly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for analyzing the airflow distribution and virus distribution on a mask.

[0013] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, the following technical effects are disclosed:

[0014] This application provides a method, device, and medium for analyzing airflow and virus distribution on a face mask. Using 3D modeling software, a 3D face model and a face mask model are constructed to extract the air domain formed by the mask and face, effectively limiting the simulation range and improving the accuracy of simulation results in subsequent simulations and analyses of airflow distribution on the mask. Then, computational fluid dynamics software is used to simulate the air domain formed by the mask and face, obtaining accurate simulation results. This allows for testing and optimization of mask design in a virtual environment, reducing experimental costs and manpower / material resources, and increasing the flexibility of mask design. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of the airflow distribution on the mask is performed, and the virus distribution pattern on the mask is calculated. Based on this pattern, the mask's materials and structure are optimized, efficiently achieving mask design and optimization and improving its protective performance. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for analyzing airflow distribution and virus distribution on a face mask, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a simulation analysis flowchart provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a streamline diagram of airflow distribution on a mask provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a vector diagram of airflow distribution on a face mask provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a method for analyzing airflow distribution and virus distribution on a face mask, including:

[0023] Step 101: Using 3D modeling software, construct a 3D face model and a mask model, and extract the air domain formed by the mask and the face.

[0024] The 3D face model and mask model are geometric models. During the geometric model construction phase, a high-performance computer equipped with 3D modeling and design software (SolidWorks) was used to construct detailed 3D face and mask models based on ergonomic principles (the mask model was constructed based on common mask designs, including their shape, size, and material properties). This ensured the accuracy of the geometric models so that subsequent simulation results could realistically reflect the spatial relationship between the mask and the wearer's face.

[0025] In some embodiments, step 101 specifically includes: extracting the air domain formed by the mask and the face using Boolean operations based on the three-dimensional face model and the mask model.

[0026] To simulate airflow exchange between the inside and outside of the mask, Boolean operations are used to extract the air domain formed by the mask and the face. This simplifies the model's complexity and improves computational efficiency without affecting simulation accuracy. In this process, the nasal cavity model is omitted, and only the nostrils are retained as channels for mass and momentum exchange between airflow and the outside environment.

[0027] Step 102: Use computational fluid dynamics software to perform computational fluid dynamics simulation on the air domain formed by the mask and the face, and obtain the simulation results; the simulation results are the airflow distribution on the mask.

[0028] Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation is a computer simulation technique that uses numerical methods to solve fluid dynamics equations.

[0029] In some embodiments, step 102 specifically includes: dividing the air domain formed by the mask and the face into a mesh to determine the meshed air domain; solving the Navier-Stokes equations in the computational fluid dynamics software based on the meshed air domain, the physical model in the computational fluid dynamics software, and the boundary conditions to obtain the equation calculation results; wherein the boundary conditions are the external atmospheric pressure and the pressure of the exhaled gas from the human nasal cavity; and visualizing the equation calculation results based on the computational fluid dynamics software to determine the simulation results.

[0030] Mesh generation is a crucial step in CFD simulation, directly impacting its accuracy and efficiency. This application utilizes specialized mesh generation software to mesh the air domain formed by the mask and face, generating a mesh system suitable for fluid simulation. To improve computational accuracy and efficiency, a hybrid meshing strategy combining tetrahedral and hexahedral meshes is employed. Tetrahedral meshes are used within the air domain to better accommodate complex geometries, while hexahedral meshes are used near the air domain boundaries to reduce computational load and improve accuracy.

[0031] In practical applications, the number of grid cells is approximately 300,000, while maintaining grid quality within a set threshold. This provides a high-quality discretized computational domain for CFD simulations, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the simulation results.

[0032] Specifically, in CFD simulations, the setting of boundary conditions is crucial to the accuracy of the simulation results. ANSYS Fluent is a suitable CFD software for this purpose. First, the air domain formed by the mask and the face is imported into ANSYS Fluent. Then, based on physiological data of normal human breathing, the simulation boundary conditions are set. The inlet velocity is set according to the average flow rate during human respiration, and the outlet velocity uses the Pressure Outlet boundary condition to simulate the pressure difference between the oral cavity or nasal cavity and the external environment during breathing. When simulating exhalation and inhalation, the boundary conditions for the inlet and outlet chambers are swapped to simulate a complete respiratory cycle and realistically reflect the airflow conditions in the inlet and outlet chambers when wearing a mask. Here, the inlet velocity refers to the average flow rate of gas during human respiration, and the physiological data includes the respiratory rate per minute, tidal volume, and pressure of different population groups.

[0033] In addition, the physical model in computational fluid dynamics software can be the K-epsilon Realizable turbulence model, setting fluid properties such as density and viscosity, as well as turbulence model parameters to simulate the airflow dynamics when wearing a mask, providing accurate boundary conditions for subsequent numerical calculations.

[0034] During the computation submission phase of ANSYS Fluent, a steady-state physical model can be selected for calculation to ensure the stability of the simulation results. Further, solver parameters are configured, including the SIMPLE algorithm and the Second Order Upwind interpolation method. This allows for the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations, yielding the computational results.

[0035] In some embodiments, after step 102, the method further includes: setting a convergence threshold in the computational fluid dynamics software; subtracting the simulation result from the actual observed airflow distribution on the mask to obtain a residual result; comparing whether the residual result is less than or equal to the convergence threshold to obtain a first result; if the first result is yes, determining that the simulation result has converged; if the first result is no, determining that the simulation result has not converged, and returning to the step "using computational fluid dynamics software to perform computational fluid dynamics simulation on the air domain formed by the mask and the face to obtain simulation results", until the residual result is less than or equal to the convergence threshold.

[0036] To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results, a convergence criterion, or convergence threshold, is set in ANSYS Fluent. Specifically, the calculation is considered converged when the residual results reach the convergence threshold. This ensures the stability and credibility of the simulation results. During the calculation, the ANSYS Fluent fluid dynamics simulation software automatically solves the Navier-Stokes equations to simulate the airflow distribution on the mask.

[0037] Furthermore, after solving the Navier-Stokes equations, the post-processing analysis of ANSYS Fluent is used to visualize the equation calculation results and confirm the simulation results, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown.

[0038] In the field of CFD simulation, in addition to ANSYS Fluent, there are other software such as MFiX and OpenFOAM. These software also have powerful fluid dynamics simulation capabilities and can be used to simulate and analyze the airflow distribution on masks.

[0039] Step 103: Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the airflow distribution on the mask and deduce the virus distribution pattern of virus particles on the mask.

[0040] Step 104: Based on the virus distribution pattern, optimize the materials and structure of the mask.

[0041] In some embodiments, step 104 specifically includes: determining a dense area of ​​virus particles based on the virus distribution pattern; and optimizing the material and structure of the mask based on the dense area of ​​virus particles and the filtration efficiency of the mask material.

[0042] In some embodiments, step 104 specifically includes steps 201-204:

[0043] Step 201: Calculate the flow rate percentage of each region on the mask based on the velocity distribution and flow rate distribution in the airflow motion distribution on the mask; wherein each region on the mask is divided based on the five-point sampling method;

[0044] Step 202: Calculate the virus particle concentration in each area of ​​the mask based on the flow rate ratio of each area and the initial concentration of virus particles; the initial concentration of virus particles is the concentration obtained assuming that the virus particles are uniformly distributed in the exhaled air of the human nasal cavity.

[0045] In some embodiments, step 202 specifically includes: according to Calculate the concentration of virus particles in each area of ​​the mask; where, It represents the concentration of virus particles in the i-th region of the mask; This is the initial concentration of virus particles.

[0046] Step 203: Calculate the amount of virus particles deposited in each area of ​​the mask based on the penetration rate of virus particles through the mask and the concentration of virus particles in each area of ​​the mask.

[0047] In some embodiments, step 203 specifically includes: according to Calculate the penetration rate of the virus particles through the mask; wherein, η is the penetration rate of virus particles in the i-th region of the mask; η is the filtration efficiency of the mask material; according to Calculate the amount of virus particles deposited in each area of ​​the mask; wherein, It represents the amount of virus particles deposited in the i-th region of the mask.

[0048] Step 204: Determine the distribution pattern of virus particles on the mask based on the concentration of virus particles in each area of ​​the mask and the amount of virus particles deposited in each area of ​​the mask.

[0049] In some embodiments, step 201 specifically includes:

[0050] according to Calculate the flow percentage for each area on the mask; among which, It represents the traffic percentage of the i-th region in the mask. Through tiny area elements Flow distribution; It is the i-th region in the mask; total It refers to the entire mask area.

[0051] The flow rate distribution is determined based on the velocity distribution.

[0052] In practical applications, based on the transmission characteristics of the virus and its distribution characteristics in exhaled air, combined with the protective mechanism of masks, the simulation results were comprehensively analyzed to estimate the flow direction of the virus and its distribution pattern on the mask. We assumed that virus particles are uniformly distributed in exhaled air and move with the airflow. Then, based on the simulated airflow velocity and flow rate distribution information, the flow direction of the virus and its distribution pattern on the mask were accurately calculated. This provides a scientific basis for the design and optimization of masks.

[0053] This application, based on CFD simulation, identifies areas on the mask where virus particles are concentrated and optimizes the materials and structure accordingly. For example, finer nanotechnology materials are used to improve filtration efficiency. Simultaneously, an antibacterial and antiviral coating is added to effectively reduce viral activity and decrease its retention and penetration on the mask. Furthermore, the pore structure of the mask is optimized to maintain good breathability and ensure wearing comfort. Additionally, by adjusting the mask's shape and adding a sealing strip, the fit and sealing performance are further improved, maximizing protective performance.

[0054] Based on simulation results, finer nanotechnology materials were used in areas with high airflow and high virus content when designing mask materials to improve filtration efficiency. Simultaneously, an antibacterial and antiviral coating was added, effectively reducing viral activity and minimizing its retention and penetration on the mask.

[0055] This application utilizes advanced CFD simulation technology to establish a geometric model of the human body wearing a mask, simulating the movement trajectory and flow distribution of exhaled airflow between the mask and the face, as well as on the inside of the mask, to calculate the flow direction and distribution pattern of viruses on the mask. Based on these analyses, the selection of mask materials was optimized, achieving a differentiated structural design, enhancing filtration efficiency in areas with high virus distribution, and integrating antibacterial and antiviral properties. This not only improves virus filtration efficiency but also reduces the retention and penetration of virus particles on the mask, while ensuring good breathability and wearing comfort, providing a safer and more efficient personal protective solution. This application aims to promote the development of mask technology to better address public health challenges. It has the following advantages:

[0056] 1. High-efficiency airflow simulation and optimization: CFD simulation is employed, utilizing a hybrid mesh generation strategy (a mixture of tetrahedral and hexahedral meshes). This significantly improves computational efficiency while enhancing computational accuracy, enabling rapid simulation and analysis of the dynamic characteristics of airflow inside the mask, thereby obtaining the airflow distribution on the mask. Compared to traditional experimental methods, this simulation method greatly shortens testing time, improves work efficiency, and accelerates the iterative speed of mask design and optimization.

[0057] 2. High-precision simulation results and comprehensive performance evaluation: The airflow distribution on the mask includes airflow direction, velocity, and pressure distribution. These high-precision simulation results provide scientific and accurate data support for evaluating and optimizing the mask's virus protection performance.

[0058] 3. Comprehensive Performance Evaluation: The simulation results were comprehensively evaluated based on the virus's flow and distribution patterns. This comprehensive evaluation method helps identify potential weaknesses in mask design and more accurately predicts the virus's flow and distribution patterns on the mask.

[0059] 4. Reduced Costs: Compared to traditional experimental testing and market research, CFD simulation offers advantages such as lower costs and higher efficiency. It reduces reliance on physical prototypes, lowers experimental costs and the investment of human and material resources, and makes rapid testing of mask performance possible.

[0060] 5. Increased Design Flexibility: Through CFD simulation, designers can test and optimize mask designs in a virtual environment without creating multiple physical prototypes. This approach increases design flexibility, allowing designers to iterate and improve designs rapidly to find the optimal solution.

[0061] The aforementioned advantages are mainly attributed to the combined effects of CFD simulation technology, hybrid mesh generation strategies, virus flow and distribution inference, and optimized mask design. This demonstrates significant technological advantages and application value.

[0062] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the methods described above.

[0063] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the methods described above.

[0064] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRdM), magnetic random access memory (MRdM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRdM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RdM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RdM can take many forms, such as static random access memory (SRdM) or dynamic random access memory (DRdM).

[0066] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0067] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0068] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing airflow distribution and virus distribution on a face mask, characterized in that, include: Using 3D modeling software, construct a 3D face model and a mask model, and extract the airspace formed by the mask and the face. Computational fluid dynamics software was used to perform a computational fluid dynamics simulation on the air domain formed by the mask and the face, and the simulation results were obtained; the simulation results are the airflow distribution on the mask. A comprehensive analysis of the airflow distribution on the mask is conducted, and the distribution pattern of virus particles on the mask is deduced. Specifically, this includes: calculating the flow rate percentage of each region on the mask based on the velocity and flow rate distribution; wherein each region on the mask is defined using a five-point sampling method; calculating the virus particle concentration in each region of the mask based on the flow rate percentage and the initial concentration of virus particles; the initial concentration of virus particles is obtained assuming uniform distribution of virus particles in exhaled air from the human nasal cavity; calculating the amount of virus particles deposited in each region of the mask based on the penetration rate of virus particles through the mask and the concentration of virus particles in each region; and determining the distribution pattern of virus particles on the mask based on the concentration and amount of virus particles deposited in each region of the mask. Specifically, based on the velocity distribution and flow rate distribution in the airflow distribution on the mask, the flow rate percentage of each area on the mask is calculated, including: based on... Calculate the flow percentage for each area on the mask; among which, Q represents the percentage of traffic in the i-th region of the mask; Q is the traffic distribution. Through tiny area elements Flow distribution; This is the i-th region in the mask; total is the entire mask area. Specifically, the viral particle concentration in each area of ​​the mask is calculated based on the flow rate percentage and the initial concentration of viral particles in each area. This calculation includes: based on... Calculate the concentration of virus particles in each area of ​​the mask; where, It represents the concentration of virus particles in the i-th region of the mask; This refers to the initial concentration of virus particles; based on the penetration rate of virus particles through the mask and the concentration of virus particles in each area of ​​the mask, the amount of virus particles deposited in each area of ​​the mask is calculated, specifically including: based on... Calculate the penetration rate of the virus particles through the mask; wherein, η is the penetration rate of virus particles in the i-th region of the mask; η is the filtration efficiency of the mask material; according to Calculate the amount of virus particles deposited in each area of ​​the mask; wherein, It represents the amount of virus particles deposited in the i-th region of the mask; Based on the aforementioned virus distribution patterns, the materials and structure of the masks were optimized.

2. The method for analyzing airflow distribution and virus distribution on a mask according to claim 1, characterized in that, Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software was used to perform a CFD simulation on the air domain formed by the mask and the face, and the simulation results were obtained, including: The airspace formed by the mask and the face is divided into grids to determine the airspace after grid division. Based on the air domain after meshing, the physical model and boundary conditions in the computational fluid dynamics software, the Navier-Stokes equations in the computational fluid dynamics software are solved to obtain the equation calculation results; wherein, the boundary conditions are the external atmospheric pressure and the pressure of the exhaled air from the human nasal cavity. The computational fluid dynamics software is used to visualize the calculation results of the equations, thereby determining the simulation results.

3. The method for analyzing airflow distribution and virus distribution on a mask according to claim 1, characterized in that, Using 3D modeling software, a 3D face model and a mask model are constructed, and the airspace formed by the mask and the face is extracted, specifically including: Based on the 3D face model and the mask model, Boolean operations are used to extract the air domain formed by the mask and the face.

4. The method for analyzing airflow distribution and virus distribution on a mask according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned virus distribution patterns, the materials and structure of the masks were optimized, specifically including: Based on the aforementioned virus distribution pattern, areas of high viral particle density were identified; Based on the areas of high viral particle density and the filtration efficiency of the mask material, the material and structure of the mask are optimized.

5. The method for analyzing airflow distribution and virus distribution on a mask according to claim 1, characterized in that, Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software was used to perform a CFD simulation on the air domain formed by the mask and the face, and the simulation results were obtained. The simulation also included: Set a convergence threshold in the computational fluid dynamics software; The residual result is obtained by subtracting the simulation result from the actual observed airflow distribution on the mask. By comparing whether the residual result is less than or equal to the convergence threshold, a first result is obtained; If the first result is yes, then the simulation result is determined to have converged; If the first result is negative, it is determined that the simulation result has not converged, and the process returns to the step "using computational fluid dynamics software to perform computational fluid dynamics simulation on the air domain formed by the mask and the face to obtain the simulation result" until the residual result is less than or equal to the convergence threshold.

6. A computer device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for analyzing the airflow distribution and virus distribution on a mask according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the method for analyzing the airflow distribution and virus distribution on the mask as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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