Method for efficiently removing mangrove forest

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of wetland ecosystem transformation, and provides a method for efficiently removing mangrove forest, which comprises the following steps: S1, analyzing the ontology characteristics and growth environment characteristics of the mangrove forest; s2, collecting mangrove forest distribution, height and surrounding topographic data; s3, the intelligent construction site management platform generates a planning plan and a planning route according to the field measurement data; s4, the amphibious excavator is modified into an amphibious feller and an amphibious timber grab; s5, determining the operation process of construction; s6, constructing and removing the mangrove forest; the amphibious excavator is refitted into the felling machine and the timber grabbing machine, the felling efficiency is improved, the operation risk is reduced, visualization, informatization and automation of the whole construction process are achieved, the construction dynamic state is mastered in real time, resources are efficiently allocated, and the management efficiency is comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of wetland ecosystem transformation, in particular to a method for efficiently clearing mangroves. Background Art

[0002] Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia and Cambodia have abundant shoreline resources, and will see a peak in the development and construction of water transport projects in the future. These countries also have abundant mangrove resources, and large areas of mangroves are common on the shorelines to be developed. In the process of shoreline development and construction, mangroves need to be quickly cleared first; mangroves are usually cleared by manual felling or mechanical shoveling; manual felling of mangroves is inefficient, and mangroves grow in intertidal zones and are often affected by the ebb and flow of tides, which cannot guarantee the need for continuous operations. In addition, the soil is soft, making it difficult to walk and work; manual felling of mangroves is unsafe and prone to sprains, injuries, scratches and other accidents.

[0003] At present, domestic research on mangroves is focused on factors affecting degradation or mortality, restoration and protection. In the actual construction process, due to the influence of the growth environment and tree characteristics of mangroves, commonly used clearing tools such as felling machines, excavators, loaders, and trucks are difficult to enter the site for construction, and manual felling and transportation are usually used to clear them.

[0004] To this end, those skilled in the art have proposed a method for efficiently clearing mangroves to solve the problems raised by the background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for efficiently clearing mangroves to solve the problems of low efficiency, difficulty in walking and working, etc. in the prior art, which usually adopts the method of manual felling and transportation to clear mangroves.

[0006] A method for efficient mangrove removal comprising:

[0007] S1. Analyze the characteristics of mangroves and their growth environment;

[0008] S2. Collect data on mangrove distribution, height and surrounding terrain, measure waterways, water depths and beach elevations, and upload the data to the smart construction site management platform in real time;

[0009] S3, the smart construction site management platform generates a planning plan and a planning route according to the on-site measurement data;

[0010] S4. Clearing redwood forests by converting amphibious excavators into amphibious fellers and amphibious log grabbers;

[0011] S5. Clarify the construction operation process, determine the sequence of construction steps and the required equipment;

[0012] S6. Construction work to clear mangroves will proceed along the planned route.

[0013] Preferably, in S2: at low tide, a drone is used to obtain data on the distribution, height and surrounding terrain of mangroves, and the data is uploaded to the platform in real time; at high tide, an unmanned boat is used to measure data on waterways, water depths and beach elevations, and the data is uploaded to the platform after processing.

[0014] Preferably, the planning plan generating step includes:

[0015] S301. Integrate the topography and mangrove distribution data measured by drones and unmanned boats to build a basic data model;

[0016] S302. Based on the relationship between mangroves and the land and water locations, potential loading points near water and land are screened out;

[0017] S303. Comprehensively evaluate the distance between the potential loading point and the construction area, terrain conditions and traffic convenience factors, calculate the score by weight, and select the one with the highest score as the final loading point;

[0018] S304, calculating the path cost to each point in the mangrove area with reference to the loading point, and selecting a point with low cost and in the mangrove concentrated area as the construction starting point;

[0019] S305. Divide the construction sub-areas according to the density of mangroves and the complexity of the terrain, set priorities, and prioritize the ones with lower difficulty. Use the S-type algorithm to plan the route within the sub-area according to the priority from the construction starting point.

[0020] Preferably, the amphibious feller in S4 is used to cut down mangrove branches and exposed roots; the amphibious log grabber is used to grab mangrove branches and roots and transport them for shipment; the amphibious excavator is used to dig out residual roots, stack roots and transport roots.

[0021] Preferably, the smart construction site management platform includes a perception layer, a transmission layer, a platform layer and an application layer.

[0022] Preferably, the perception layer integrates data acquisition equipment and data transmission networks on drones, unmanned ships, and construction machinery to collect data from the construction site and transmit it to the upper layer.

[0023] The transport layer establishes a data transmission channel for transmitting data between the perception layer and the platform layer;

[0024] The platform layer consists of a server cluster and a software platform architecture;

[0025] The application layer implements the construction management business application functions.

[0026] Preferably, the construction steps include:

[0027] S501, cutting down branches and exposed roots;

[0028] S502, clean up scattered branches and roots;

[0029] S503, digging out the remaining roots;

[0030] S504, transfer materials.

[0031] Preferably, the previous step in the construction steps creates a working surface for the next step, and the steps are carried out sequentially along the planned route.

[0032] Preferably, the amphibious log grabber is integrated with a positioning device, a pressure sensor and an optical sensor;

[0033] The amphibious excavator is integrated with an ultrasonic distance sensor and a pressure sensor;

[0034] The amphibious felling machine is integrated with a saw blade rotation speed sensor and an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The present invention improves felling efficiency and reduces operational risks by converting amphibious excavators into lumberjacks and wood grabbers; optimizes the transportation process, enhances operational safety, and greatly improves production methods; and uses drones and unmanned boats for precise measurements, and formulates plane plans in advance based on the data; with the help of auxiliary construction computer technology, the entire construction process can be visualized, informatized, and automated, so that construction dynamics can be controlled in real time, resources can be efficiently allocated, and management efficiency can be comprehensively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is an example diagram of the floor plan of this method;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an amphibious excavator;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an amphibious feller;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an amphibious log grabber;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of construction steps. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0043] As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 5 As shown: The present invention provides a method for efficiently clearing mangroves, comprising:

[0044] S1. Analyze the characteristics of mangroves and their growth environment;

[0045] S2. Collect data on mangrove distribution, height and surrounding terrain, measure waterways, water depths and beach elevations, and upload the data to the smart construction site management platform in real time;

[0046] At low tide, drones are used to obtain data on the distribution, height and surrounding terrain of mangroves, and the data is uploaded to the platform in real time. At high tide, unmanned boats are used to measure waterways, water depths and beach elevation data, which are then processed and uploaded to the platform.

[0047] S3, the smart construction site management platform generates a planning plan and a planning route based on the on-site measurement data;

[0048] S301. Integrate the topography and mangrove distribution data measured by drones and unmanned boats, build a basic data model, analyze its characteristics, and identify areas with dense mangrove distribution and areas with complex terrain;

[0049] S302, based on the relationship between mangroves and water and land locations, screen out potential ship (vehicle) loading points near water and near land;

[0050] S303. Comprehensively evaluate the distance between the potential loading point (cargo point) and the construction area, terrain conditions and traffic convenience factors, calculate the score by weight, and select the one with the highest score as the final loading point (cargo point);

[0051] S304, calculating the path cost to each point in the mangrove area with reference to the loading point (car), taking the terrain and the density of mangroves into consideration, and selecting a point with low cost and in a concentrated area of ​​mangroves as the construction starting point;

[0052] S305. Divide the construction sub-areas according to the density of mangroves and the complexity of the terrain, set priorities, and prioritize those with lower difficulty. Use the S-type algorithm to plan the route within the sub-area according to the priority from the construction starting point to avoid obstacles and dense mangroves to ensure feasibility and efficiency.

[0053] S4. Clearing redwood forests by converting amphibious excavators into amphibious fellers and amphibious log grabbers;

[0054] Amphibious felling machines are used to cut down mangrove branches and exposed roots;

[0055] Amphibious log grabbers are used to grab mangrove branches and roots and transfer them to ships (trucks);

[0056] Amphibious excavators are used to dig residual roots, pile up roots and transport roots.

[0057] The amphibious log grabber is integrated with a positioning device, a pressure sensor and an optical sensor;

[0058] The amphibious excavator is integrated with ultrasonic distance sensors and pressure sensors;

[0059] The amphibious feller is integrated with a saw blade speed sensor and an ultrasonic distance sensor.

[0060] S5. Clarify the construction operation process, determine the sequence of construction steps and the required equipment;

[0061] The construction steps include:

[0062] S501, cutting down branches and exposed roots;

[0063] S502, clean up scattered branches and roots;

[0064] S503, digging out the remaining roots;

[0065] S504, transfer materials.

[0066] S6. During the construction, mangroves are cleared. The previous step creates a working surface for the next step, realizing flow operation and advancing sequentially along the planned route.

[0067] The smart construction site management platform includes the perception layer, transmission layer, platform layer and application layer;

[0068] The perception layer integrates data acquisition equipment (such as sensors, cameras, GPS positioning systems, etc.) on drones, unmanned ships, and construction machinery, as well as data transmission networks (such as 4G / 5G, Wi-Fi, etc.) to collect data from the construction site and transmit it to the upper layer.

[0069] The transport layer uses TCP / IP data transmission protocol and SSL / TLS encryption technology to establish a stable and secure data transmission channel for accurate data transmission between the perception layer and the platform layer, and to achieve data routing and distribution;

[0070] The platform layer consists of server clusters and software platform architecture;

[0071] Server clusters provide computing and storage capabilities to run applications and services;

[0072] The software platform architecture adopts a layered design model, including the data layer (storage and management data), the business logic layer (implementing core business functions) and the presentation layer (providing a user operation interface). Each layer works together to realize the platform functions.

[0073] The application layer provides personalized application services for different user roles (such as project managers, construction personnel, equipment managers, etc.), ensures data security through user authentication and authorization mechanisms, and realizes construction management business application functions.

[0074] Example: This mangrove removal project is located in an estuarine wetland in a tropical coastal area, with a mangrove area of ​​about 8,000 square meters. The area is significantly affected by tides and has a complex terrain, with both flat mudflats and some shallow pits and hillocks. The main species of mangroves are Kandelia candel and Avicennia marina, with an average height of about 6 meters, and dense mangroves in some areas.

[0075] Analysis of mangrove characteristics and environment:

[0076] The project team first conducted a detailed survey of the mangrove area and determined that mangroves are typical tropical and subtropical communities that grow in mudflat environments with soil rich in organic matter. Their root systems present a variety of adaptive forms, such as developed aerial roots and supporting roots, to adapt to the special conditions of the intertidal zone.

[0077] Drone operations during low tide: During low tide, professional drones are dispatched to measure topography and take photos. Equipped with cameras and lidar scanners, drones can obtain detailed elevation data on the distribution range of mangroves, the height of each tree, and the surrounding terrain; drones transmit this data back to the project department in real time through 4G or 5G networks.

[0078] Unmanned boat operation during high tide: During high tide, unmanned boats are used to measure the waters. The unmanned boats are equipped with high-precision sonar equipment and GPS positioning systems to measure the distribution and direction of the waterway, water depth data at different locations, and beach elevation information. After preliminary processing, the measured data is transmitted to the project department's computer via Wi-Fi for subsequent analysis.

[0079] Operation of the smart construction site management platform: The data collected by drones and unmanned boats are imported into the smart construction site management platform. The platform uses big data processing technology and intelligent algorithms to integrate and analyze the data and generate a detailed basic data model. According to the location relationship between mangroves and land and water, a loading point was determined on the side close to the open waters. The water depth is suitable and the terrain is relatively flat, which is convenient for ships to dock and load materials. At the same time, with the loading point as the starting point, the construction starting point is planned, and a construction route is designed to advance from the starting point to the other side and then continue to advance in an S-shaped route to ensure that the construction can cover the entire mangrove area comprehensively and efficiently. Each working surface is planned for flow operations according to the established process flow to ensure that each construction step is closely connected to avoid construction confusion and waste of resources.

[0080] Two amphibious excavators were selected for modification; the first excavator had its original bucket removed and an electric circular saw with waterproof function installed, successfully converted into an amphibious feller; the feller was equipped with a saw blade speed sensor and an ultrasonic ranging sensor, which can monitor the saw blade speed, cutting angle, tree diameter and other parameters in real time, and transmit the data to the smart construction site management platform.

[0081] The second excavator was replaced with a waterproof hydraulic gripper, converted into an amphibious log grabber. The log grabber is equipped with a positioning device, pressure sensor and optical sensor, which can accurately grab the branches and roots of mangroves, and record the grab position, weight and other information, and also upload these data to the smart construction site management platform in real time.

[0082] A modified amphibious feller was deployed to cut down the branches and exposed roots of mangroves. The feller carried out felling operations in an orderly manner according to the route and navigation information set by the smart construction site management platform. Every time a mangrove is cut down, its location, construction parameters and measurement data will be published and shared through the smart construction site management platform, facilitating the collaborative work of subsequent construction steps and real-time monitoring of construction management.

[0083] Two amphibious wood grabbers were arranged to grab the felled mangrove branches and roots and transport them to the loading point for loading; the wood grabbers closely cooperate with the operation progress of the felling machines and efficiently transfer materials according to the route planned by the software, ensuring the cleanliness of the construction area and timely cleaning of materials. Their operation data are also uploaded to the platform in real time to provide a basis for construction scheduling.

[0084] Three amphibious excavators were equipped, one of which was used to dig out the roots remaining in the soil and pile them up nearby within the excavator's rotation radius. The other two were used to transport the temporarily piled roots to the loading point for loading; each excavator operated strictly according to the route and navigation information set by the smart construction site management platform, and all parameters and data during the operation, such as excavation depth and stacking location, were recorded and shared through software, realizing refined management of the construction process.

[0085] First, the amphibious felling machine enters the construction area according to the navigation information of the smart construction site management platform. Starting from the planned construction starting point, it cuts down the mangrove branches and exposed roots one by one along the set S-shaped route, allowing them to scatter freely on the mud surface. During the felling process, the felling machine's intelligent sensors collect and upload construction data in real time. Through the smart construction site management platform, managers can keep abreast of the felling progress and equipment operation status at any time. If it is found that the felling of mangroves in a certain area is difficult, the felling machine's operating parameters can be adjusted in time to improve construction efficiency.

[0086] Following closely, the amphibious wood grabber quickly entered the operation area according to the software instructions, grabbed the mangrove branches and roots scattered on the mud surface, and transported them to the loading point for loading. The positioning device and data acquisition system of the wood grabber ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the grabbing operation, and at the same time, the position, weight and other data of each grab are fed back to the platform in real time. The platform optimizes the operation route and transportation scheduling of the wood grabber based on these data to avoid material accumulation and transportation congestion.

[0087] Next, another amphibious excavator digs out the roots remaining in the soil according to the planned route and piles them at a suitable location nearby; the sensors on the excavator monitor the excavation depth, soil resistance and other parameters in real time, and upload these data to the platform. The platform uses this data to analyze and optimize the excavation operation, such as adjusting the excavation force and angle according to soil conditions to improve excavation efficiency and quality, while recording the location and quantity of the root pile to provide accurate information for subsequent transportation work.

[0088] Finally, the remaining two amphibious excavators dug the temporarily piled roots according to the platform instructions and transported them to the loading point for loading. During the entire construction process, the various equipments cooperated closely, and the previous step created good working surface conditions for the next step, realizing efficient flow operation, and the construction progress was steadily advanced as planned.

[0089] Efficiency estimates and actual results:

[0090] According to the equipment configuration and construction plan of the present invention, in the actual construction process, about 1.5 square meters of mangroves can be cleared in 1 minute; based on a 10-hour work day, about 900 square meters of mangroves can be cleared every day, which is close to the efficiency range of theoretical estimates and is about 60 times more efficient than the prior art of manual felling and transportation.

[0091] Through real-time monitoring and data analysis of the smart construction site management platform, the project team successfully completed the mangrove removal task within the scheduled construction period while ensuring construction quality and safety. During the construction process, the platform promptly discovered and resolved multiple equipment failure hazards and construction safety risks. For example, through the analysis of equipment operation data, it predicted in advance that the hydraulic system of a wood grabber might fail, and promptly arranged maintenance personnel to carry out maintenance, avoiding construction delays caused by equipment failure; in addition, through the platform's visual management and data statistics functions, the project team can clearly understand information such as construction progress, material transportation conditions, and equipment utilization efficiency, providing strong support for project management, keeping the cost of the entire project within the budget, and achieving the expected economic and environmental benefits.

[0092] The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently clearing mangroves, characterized in that: include: S1. Analyze the characteristics of mangroves and their growth environment; S2. Collect data on mangrove distribution, height and surrounding terrain, measure waterways, water depths and beach elevations, and upload the data to the smart construction site management platform in real time; S3, the smart construction site management platform generates a planning plan and a planning route according to the on-site measurement data; S4. Clearing redwood forests by converting amphibious excavators into amphibious fellers and amphibious log grabbers; S5. Clarify the construction operation process, determine the sequence of construction steps and the required equipment; S6. Construction work to clear mangroves will proceed along the planned route.

2. A method for efficiently clearing mangroves as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S2: at low tide, drones are used to obtain data on the distribution, height and surrounding terrain of mangroves; at high tide, unmanned boats are used to measure waterway, water depth and beach elevation data, and the data are uploaded to the smart construction site management platform in real time.

3. A method for efficiently clearing mangroves as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The planning plan generation steps: S301. Integrate the topography and mangrove distribution data measured by drones and unmanned boats to build a basic data model; S302. Based on the relationship between mangroves and the land and water locations, potential loading points near water and land are screened out; S303. Comprehensively evaluate the distance between the potential loading point and the construction area, terrain conditions and traffic convenience factors, calculate the score by weight, and select the one with the highest score as the final loading point; S304, calculating the path cost to each point in the mangrove area with reference to the loading point, and selecting a point with low cost and in the mangrove concentrated area as the construction starting point; S305. Divide the construction sub-areas according to the density of mangroves and the complexity of the terrain, set priorities, and prioritize the ones with lower difficulty. Use the S-type algorithm to plan the route within the sub-area according to the priority from the construction starting point.

4. A method for efficiently clearing mangroves as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The amphibious feller in S4 is used for felling mangrove branches and exposed roots; the amphibious log grabber is used for grabbing mangrove branches and roots and transporting them for loading onto ships; the amphibious excavator is used for digging out residual roots, stacking roots and transporting roots.

5. A method for efficiently clearing mangroves as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The smart construction site management platform includes a perception layer, a transmission layer, a platform layer and an application layer.

6. A method for efficiently clearing mangroves as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The perception layer integrates data acquisition equipment and data transmission networks on drones, unmanned ships, and construction machinery to collect data from the construction site and transmit it to the upper layer. The transport layer establishes a data transmission channel for transmitting data between the perception layer and the platform layer; The platform layer consists of a server cluster and a software platform architecture; The application layer implements the construction management business application functions.

7. A method for efficiently clearing mangroves as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The construction steps include: S501, cutting down branches and exposed roots; S502, clean up scattered branches and roots; S503, digging out the remaining roots; S504, transfer materials.

8. A method for efficiently clearing mangroves as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The previous step in the construction steps creates a working surface for the next step, and the steps are carried out sequentially along the planned route.

9. A method for efficiently clearing mangroves as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The amphibious log grabber is integrated with a positioning device, a pressure sensor and an optical sensor; The amphibious excavator is integrated with an ultrasonic distance sensor and a pressure sensor; The amphibious felling machine is integrated with a saw blade rotation speed sensor and an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor.

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