A land use status map data generation method based on large-scale topographic maps
By using a land use status map generation method based on large-scale topographic maps, combined with high-resolution imagery and topographic maps, the problem of insufficient accuracy in land use classification and boundaries in traditional data is solved. This enables detailed representation and refined investigation of land use status maps, supporting national spatial planning and natural resource management.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510181502.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2045-02-19
AI Technical Summary
Traditional land use status data suffers from problems such as the lack of conversion and refinement of land use classification, insufficient spatial accuracy of map patch boundaries, and insufficient depth of urban spatial surveys, making it difficult to support the refined needs of national land spatial planning and natural resource management.
A land use status map data generation method based on large-scale topographic maps is adopted. By combining high-resolution imagery with large-scale topographic maps, data preprocessing, deconstruction, and overlay are performed. Land parcel classification and boundary delineation are carried out in combination with existing land features to form detailed land use status map data.
It improves the spatial granularity and classification depth of land use status maps, solves the difficulties in detailed land use surveys, provides higher spatial accuracy and scientific rigor, and supports the refined needs of national land spatial planning and natural resource management.
Smart Images
Figure CN120107387B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of land resource status surveys, and in particular to a method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps. Background Technology
[0002] Accurately reflecting the current state of national land space is a crucial foundation for land space planning and natural resource management. Since 1984, three national land use status surveys have been conducted, reflecting the quantity, distribution, utilization, and ownership of land resources during the corresponding periods.
[0003] In recent years, the development and widespread application of "3S" technology in my country have laid the technical foundation for current land use surveys. The Internet and big data analysis technologies have promoted the "cloudification" of work platforms, while the advancement and development of surveying and mapping work have also created a better data foundation for the generation of current land use data.
[0004] With the establishment and improvement of the national spatial planning system and the unified responsibility of natural resources, traditional land use status data still has problems such as the lack of conversion and refinement of land use classification, insufficient accuracy of map patch boundary space, and insufficient depth of urban spatial survey. The limitations of supporting the refined management of planning and natural resources are gradually becoming apparent, and there is an urgent need to obtain more accurate and detailed land use status maps through digital means. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps, in order to optimize or improve the limitations of existing technologies and provide more accurate and detailed land use status maps.
[0006] This invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps, comprising the following steps:
[0007] Step S1: Based on the requirements for generating land use status map data, determine the survey area, collect basic land use status data of the survey area, including: high-resolution image map and large-scale topographic map; and preprocess the collected basic data to build a basic database.
[0008] Step S2: Construct the generation path of basic units of land use status map, deconstruct the elements, structure and information content of large-scale topographic map, analyze the natural and artificial characteristics of land cover, and determine the utilization direction of geographic information elements in the generation of land use status map data.
[0009] Step S3: Extract the isolation function elements of the large-scale topographic map of the survey area through the element digitization extraction method, and overlay them layer by layer onto the high-resolution image map to establish a data generation base map with the accuracy of the large-scale topographic map.
[0010] Step S4: Based on the spatial morphological characteristics of the existing land features in the survey area, identify the land use types and delineate the boundaries of the existing land use on the base map of basic elements, unify the overall expression of the existing land use, and conduct field surveys for questionable land parcels to realize the generation of land use status map data and the survey of existing land use.
[0011] Preferably, step S1 includes the following steps:
[0012] Step S11: Collect high-resolution imagery of the survey area and perform spatial analysis. By analyzing the land cover in the high-resolution imagery, obtain the spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of the current construction land, agricultural land and unused land.
[0013] Step S12: Collect large-scale topographic maps of the survey area, perform spatial information verification, and obtain a digital topographic map of the land cover of the survey area;
[0014] Step S13: Preprocess the collected high-resolution imagery and large-scale topographic map data, unify the time point, coordinates, and elevation of the data, and establish a basic database.
[0015] Preferably, step S2 includes the following steps:
[0016] Step S21: Establish the spatial closed-loop relationship between the functional space, material space and land feature elements of the land parcel. Based on the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map corresponding to the land feature elements and the current material space, determine the range of the material space corresponding to the functional space of the current land parcel and construct the generation path of the basic unit of the land use map.
[0017] Step S22: Deconstruct the large-scale topographic map data. Based on the layer data structure of points, lines, areas and annotations of the topographic map, subdivide the geographic information element types of the large-scale topographic map, determine the entity information and spatial connotations corresponding to each type of element, and use it for the identification of land parcels and the delineation of boundaries of existing land use.
[0018] Step S23: Analyze the natural and artificial characteristics of the land surface from three levels: land morphology, land cover, and element annotation information of large-scale topographic maps, establish the basis for determining the conversion from land cover geographic information to current land use types, and identify the land parcels generated from current land use data.
[0019] Step S24: Based on the correspondence between the existing land features and the geographic information features of the large-scale topographic map, establish the connection relationship between the existing land use and the large-scale topographic map, and determine the isolation function elements of the large-scale topographic map as the basis for delineating the boundaries of land parcels in the generation of the land use status map data.
[0020] Preferably, in step S21, the generation path of the basic units of the land use status map is established, as follows:
[0021] Step S211: Establish a spatial closed-loop relationship among the functional space, material space, and physical elements of the land parcel; the material space is the carrier of physical elements, and physical elements are the components that constitute the material space; the material space is characterized by its spatiality, functionality, and sociality as the functional space of the land parcel, and the functional space of the land parcel is influenced by the flow of socio-economic factors; the functional space of the land parcel has a shaping effect on physical elements, and physical elements stably define the physical boundaries of the functional space of the land parcel.
[0022] Step S212: Based on the spatial closed-loop relationship in S211, the existing land parcels are determined by their physical space use function, combined with the isolation elements in the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map, to generate the basic unit of the land use status map.
[0023] Preferably, in step S22, the large-scale topographic map data is deconstructed, dividing it from bottom to top into: surface cover layer, surface morphology layer, feature information layer, and annotation layer. The data structure for each layer is constructed, and the geographic information feature types for each layer are further subdivided. The geographic information features are layered according to their classification, as follows:
[0024] The surface cover layer includes the following elements: water systems, residential areas and facilities, transportation, pipelines, vegetation, and soil.
[0025] The surface morphology layer, with landform as its element type, specifically includes: contour lines, elevation points, water area isolines, natural landforms, and artificial landforms;
[0026] The element information layer consists of elements categorized as boundaries and administrative divisions, specifically including: provincial-level administrative divisions, prefecture-level city-level administrative divisions, county-level administrative divisions, and township-level administrative divisions.
[0027] The annotation layer contains elements of the following types: water system annotations, settlement annotations, transportation annotations, pipeline annotations, landform annotations, vegetation annotations, and boundary and administrative division annotations.
[0028] Preferably, in step S23, establishing the basis for determining the conversion from land cover feature information to current land use type includes the following sub-steps:
[0029] Step S231: Based on the geographic information element type of the surface morphology layer, obtain the current land use geomorphology of the survey area to assist in the determination of the current land use type;
[0030] Step S232: Based on the geographic information element type of the surface cover layer, obtain the actual state of natural vegetation and artificial structures of the current land use development and utilization in the survey area, which serves as the direct basis for determining the current land use type.
[0031] Step S233: Based on the geographic information element types of the element information layer and annotation layer, obtain the social attribute information of the current land use features to assist in the determination of the current land use type;
[0032] Step S234: Based on a comprehensive assessment of geographic information elements including the landform layer, land cover layer, and annotation layer, identify the land parcel type generated from the current land use data.
[0033] Preferably, step S24, which forms the basis for delineating land parcel boundaries in the generation of land use status map data, includes the following sub-steps:
[0034] Step S241: Based on the concept of land use type, establish the connection relationship between the surface cover element types and related facilities and the existing land use types of large-scale topographic maps;
[0035] Step S242: Based on the geographic information element type of the surface cover layer and the land parcel classification basis obtained in step S234, extract the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer of the large-scale topographic map to determine the basis for delineating the boundaries of the existing land parcels generated from the land use status map data.
[0036] The isolation elements of the surface cover layer include: walls, fences, barbed wire, land boundaries, road edges, sidewalk edges, outer edges of elevated roads, outer edges of building foundations, city walls, riverbanks, lake edges, pond edges, pond embankments, normal water level lines, slope top lines, slope toe lines, and field embankments.
[0037] Preferably, step S3 includes the following steps:
[0038] Step S31: Within the survey area where the land use status map data is generated, the element types of the large-scale topographic map are screened, and the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer are digitally extracted.
[0039] Step S32: Based on the accuracy of the large-scale topographic map, the isolated functional elements extracted in step S31 are layered and overlaid onto the high-resolution image map using the geographic information system platform of ArcGIS software, according to a unified coordinate system and elevation datum, to form the base map of basic elements for generating land use status map data.
[0040] Preferably, step S4 includes the following steps:
[0041] Step S41: On the base map of basic elements, delineate the boundaries of existing land parcels in the land use status map data generation work area, refine the spatial granularity, and obtain the delineation results of existing land parcel boundaries.
[0042] Step S42: Based on the concept of land use type, and combined with the spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of the existing land features in the work area, identify the current land use type of the existing land with the delineated land parcel boundaries, refine the expression of the current land use of the entire area and all elements, and obtain the identification result of the current land use parcel land type.
[0043] Step S43: Summarize the land use status map data to generate data results within the working area, optimize the overall expression of current land use, and based on the land parcel classification and boundary delineation results obtained in steps S41 and S42, process the gaps between land parcels and establish a land use status map result database.
[0044] Preferably, in step S41, following the principle of starting with the easier tasks and then moving to the more difficult ones, the boundary delineation of existing land parcels is carried out in the land use status map data generation work area, including the following sub-steps:
[0045] Step S411: The boundary delineation of existing land parcels is determined by referring to the isolation function elements on the topographic map;
[0046] Step S412: When the existing land parcel has no isolation function elements, the parcel boundary is determined comprehensively based on the parcel feature information and surrounding adjacent conditions, combined with high-resolution imagery.
[0047] Step S413: When the large-scale topographic map and the high-resolution image map are inconsistent, the ground features are identified by the latest high-resolution image map at the current time point, and the boundaries of the existing land parcels are delineated.
[0048] Preferably, step S42 includes the following sub-steps:
[0049] Step S421: Based on the concept of land use type, the land use status map is generated according to the secondary or tertiary land use classification.
[0050] Step S422: The determination of the current land use type is based on the current on-site use. Combining the spatial functional structure and current features of the work area, the current land use type of the demarcated land parcels is identified.
[0051] Step S423: When the large-scale topographic map and the high-resolution image map are inconsistent, identify the land features and determine the current land use type by using the latest high-resolution image map.
[0052] Step S424: When the current land use type cannot be determined based on the large-scale topographic map, a comprehensive judgment should be made by referring to the high-resolution image map and Internet map information. If the judgment still cannot be accurately determined, a supplementary field survey should be carried out.
[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, employing the above technical solution, has the following technical effects:
[0054] Compared with existing technologies, this invention explores a set of digital technology methods for generating land use status maps based on large-scale topographic maps. By strengthening the collaboration between field and office work, it improves the spatial granularity of land use status maps and proposes implementation paths and strategies for detailed surveys of urban construction land. It solves the pain points and difficulties in the three aspects of classification depth, spatial accuracy, and expression scale for the development of detailed survey-related work, and has high practicality and scientific value. Attached Figure Description
[0055] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps according to the present invention.
[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the large-scale topographic map data deconstruction of the present invention;
[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the path for generating land use status map elements based on basic units according to the present invention.
[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the basic elements of the present invention.
[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the land use status map data generation and mapping steps of the present invention;
[0060] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of generating current land use data according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0061] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments involved in this invention. All non-innovative embodiments based on these embodiments by other researchers in the art are within the protection scope of this invention. Furthermore, the step numbers in the embodiments of this invention are only set for ease of explanation and do not limit the order of the steps. The execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.
[0062] Example 1
[0063] A method for generating land use status maps based on large-scale topographic maps, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:
[0064] Step 1: Basic Data Organization
[0065] First, the working scope is generated based on the land use status map data, the survey area is determined, and basic data such as high-resolution imagery and large-scale topographic maps are collected within the survey area.
[0066] Secondly, based on high-resolution imagery, spatial analysis was conducted to gain a preliminary understanding of the main existing land use types and overall spatial functional structure within the work area.
[0067] Then, based on large-scale topographic maps, we will understand the digital representation of land cover within the working area; next, we will conduct spatial information verification of large-scale topographic maps and high-resolution imagery to ensure consistency of land cover.
[0068] Preprocess basic data such as high-resolution imagery and large-scale topographic maps, unify the time point, coordinates and elevation of the data, and establish a basic database according to a unified data format and corresponding data structure.
[0069] Step 2: Data Integration
[0070] First, establish a spatial closed-loop relationship among the functional space, material space, and physical elements of the land parcel. Based on the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map corresponding to the physical elements and the current material space, determine the scope of the material space corresponding to the functional space of the current land parcel and open up the generation path of the basic unit of the land use map.
[0071] Specifically, a spatial closed-loop relationship is established among the functional space, material space, and physical elements of a land parcel. Material space is the carrier of physical elements, and physical elements are the components that constitute material space. Material space is characterized by its spatiality, functionality, and sociality as the functional space of a land parcel. The functional space of a land parcel is influenced by the flow of socio-economic factors. The functional space of a land parcel has a shaping effect on physical elements, while physical elements can stably define the physical boundaries of the functional space of a land parcel.
[0072] Based on the spatial closed-loop relationship between the functional space, physical space, and physical features of the land parcel, the existing land parcel is dominated by the use function of the physical space. Combined with the isolation elements in the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map, the spatial range of the land parcel is determined, and basic units of the land use status map with complete functions, clear location relationships, and relatively independent and complete space are generated.
[0073] Then, as Figure 2As shown, the layer data of points, lines, areas and annotations of large-scale topographic maps are deconstructed, the types of various elements of large-scale topographic maps are subdivided, and the entity information and spatial connotation of each type of element are clarified.
[0074] Specifically, the large-scale topographic map data is deconstructed and divided from bottom to top into: surface cover layer, surface morphology layer, element information layer, and annotation layer. The data structure of each layer is constructed and the element types of each layer are further subdivided.
[0075] The surface cover elements include water systems, settlements and facilities, transportation, pipelines, vegetation, and soil. Water systems include rivers, ditches, lakes, and reservoirs; settlements and facilities include residential areas, industrial and mining facilities, agricultural facilities, public service facilities, historical sites, and land reclamation facilities; transportation includes railways, intercity highways, urban roads, village roads, road structures and ancillary facilities, and water transport facilities; pipelines include main pipelines for oil, gas, and water transportation; and vegetation and soil include agricultural and forestry land, urban green space, and soil.
[0076] The surface morphology layer consists of landforms, including: contour lines, elevation points, water area isolines, natural landforms, and artificial landforms;
[0077] The elements in the element information layer are boundaries and administrative divisions, including: provincial-level administrative divisions, prefecture-level city administrative divisions, county-level administrative divisions, and township-level administrative divisions;
[0078] The annotation layer features feature annotations, including: water system annotations, settlement annotations, transportation annotations, pipeline annotations, landform annotations, vegetation annotations, and boundary and administrative division annotations.
[0079] Based on large-scale topographic maps, the land use categories and boundaries of existing land parcels are identified and delineated. The identification of land use categories is based on a comprehensive judgment of geographic information elements, including annotation layers, surface morphology layers, and surface cover layers. The delineation of boundaries is based on the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer among the geographic information elements.
[0080] Furthermore, the natural and man-made characteristics of land cover status are analyzed from three levels: land morphology, land cover, and element annotation information, to establish a basis for determining the transformation from land cover and land feature information to current land use type.
[0081] First, at the level of landform, based on the contour lines, elevation points, water area isolines, natural or artificial landforms and other elements of large-scale topographic maps, the current land use type is determined with the help of the current landform conditions.
[0082] Secondly, at the level of land cover, based on the vegetation and soil, settlements and facilities, transportation, water systems and other elements and related facilities in the large-scale topographic map, the actual state of natural vegetation and artificial structures in the current land use development and utilization is used as the direct basis for determining the current land use type.
[0083] Then, at the element annotation information level, based on the various relevant element annotations of the large-scale topographic map, the social attribute information of the existing land features is used to assist in the determination of the current land use type.
[0084] Finally, the landform, land cover, and element annotation information are used as the basis for identifying the land use category of the plots generated from the current land use data.
[0085] Furthermore, we will deepen the integration and utilization of large-scale topographic map features in the generation of land use status map data, forming a basis for delineating land parcel boundaries in the generation of land use status map data, such as... Figure 3 As shown.
[0086] First, based on the relevant land use concepts in the "Guidelines for the Classification of Land and Sea Use in Territorial Spatial Survey, Planning and Land Use Control", establish the classification relationship between the types of surface cover elements, related facilities and current land use types on large-scale topographic maps.
[0087] Secondly, based on the geographic information element types of the surface cover layer and the basis for identifying land parcel types, the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer in the large-scale topographic map are extracted to determine the basis for delineating the boundaries of existing land parcels from the land use status map data.
[0088] Specifically, in this embodiment, the isolation functional elements in the land cover elements, such as walls, fences, wire mesh, land category boundaries, road edges, sidewalk edges, building foundation outer edges, ground river shorelines, lake edges, pond edges, field ridges, pond ridges, normal water level lines, slope top lines, and slope toe lines, are used as the basis for delineating the boundaries of existing land use plots in the generation of the current land use map data.
[0089] In this embodiment, the correspondence between topographic map surface cover elements and land and sea use classifications is as follows:
[0090] The water system in the surface cover layer element type is extracted to obtain the surface cover isolation function elements such as the river shoreline, lake edge, pond edge, slope top line, slope toe line, pond embankment, and normal water level line. These are then mapped to the current land use boundaries of land water area and public facility land, and the current land use is classified as land water area and public facility land.
[0091] From the residential land and facilities elements in the surface cover layer, extract the surface cover isolation function elements such as walls, fences, barbed wire, building base outer edges, and city walls, and correspond them to the current land use boundaries of residential land, public management and public service land, commercial service land, industrial and mining land, warehousing land, public utility land, special land, and agricultural facility construction land; determine the current land use classification as residential land, public management and public service land, commercial service land, industrial and mining land, warehousing land, public utility land, special land, and agricultural facility construction land, etc.
[0092] From the traffic element type of the land cover layer, we extract the road edge, sidewalk edge, and elevated outer edge of the land cover isolation function elements, and correspond them to the current land use boundaries of transportation land and agricultural facility construction land; we then determine the current land use classification as transportation land, agricultural facility construction land, etc.
[0093] Pipelines in the surface cover layer element type are extracted to obtain walls, fences, barbed wire, etc. in the surface cover isolation function elements, and mapped to the current land use boundaries of public facilities land and transportation land; the current land use is classified as public facilities land, transportation land, etc.
[0094] By extracting vegetation and soil from the surface cover layer element types, we obtain land category boundaries, field ridges, and building base outer edges from the surface cover isolation function elements. These are then mapped to the current land use boundaries of cultivated land, orchards, forest land, grassland, green space, and open space, and the current land use is classified as cultivated land, orchards, forest land, grassland, green space, and open space.
[0095] Step 3: Data Generation
[0096] Filter the feature types of large-scale topographic maps within the data generation work area, such as... Figure 4 As shown, large-scale digital extraction of isolation function elements from residential areas and facilities, roads, water systems, pipelines, vegetation and soil types includes elements such as walls, fences, barbed wire, land boundaries, road edges, sidewalk edges, building foundation outer edges, river shorelines, lake edges, pond edges, field ridges, pond ridges, normal water level lines, slope top lines, and slope toe lines.
[0097] By layering and classifying various element entities and overlaying them onto a high-resolution image map, a base map of basic elements with the accuracy of a large-scale topographic map is formed, supporting the generation of land use status map data.
[0098] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, on the road network and water system framework of the base map, land use status map data is generated to refine the spatial granularity and scientifically represent all elements of the entire region.
[0099] First, based on the road network and water system framework area, and referring to the isolation boundaries on the topographic map, the boundaries of existing land parcels were delineated following the principle of starting with the easier ones and then moving to the more difficult ones.
[0100] If the existing land parcel lacks any isolation elements such as walls for reference, the parcel boundary can be determined comprehensively based on the parcel's features and surrounding conditions, combined with high-resolution imagery. If the large-scale topographic map is significantly inconsistent with the latest imagery, the existing land parcel boundary should be delineated according to the features that can be distinguished on the imagery.
[0101] Then, based on the land use classification concept in the "Guidelines for Land and Sea Use Classification in Territorial Spatial Survey, Planning and Use Control", and combined with the overall spatial functional structure and current land features of the work area, the current land use categories of the demarcated plot boundaries are simultaneously identified according to the secondary or tertiary land use classification.
[0102] The interpretation of the current land use type should be based on the current on-site use. If there is a significant discrepancy between the large-scale topographic map and the latest image, the current land use type should be identified according to the features that can be distinguished on the image. If it is difficult to identify the current land use type of a plot, it can be determined by comprehensively referring to high-resolution image maps and Internet map information. If it still cannot be accurately determined, a supplementary field survey should be carried out.
[0103] Step 4: Summary of Results
[0104] Data from land use status maps are compiled to generate data results within the work area, optimize the overall representation of current land use, and establish a database of land use status map results.
[0105] Optimizing the overall representation of existing land use mainly refers to addressing the gaps between land parcels based on the results of the above-mentioned land parcel delineation and land category identification, thereby achieving full coverage of existing land use across the entire area.
[0106] Specifically, in this embodiment, the handling of gaps between land parcels follows the following rules: After the land use boundaries are delineated according to relevant rules, when there are narrow gaps between adjacent land parcels, the land type and land features are considered. If the gap width is less than 2 meters, the parcels are merged into adjacent land parcels; if there are obvious isolation elements, the parcels are merged into adjacent land parcels without isolation elements; if the gap width is greater than 2 meters and the area reaches 50 square meters, the parcels are formed separately.
[0107] Example 2
[0108] Based on case studies of Class II urban residential land and kindergarten land, this invention provides accurate and detailed land use status maps using a land use status map generation method based on large-scale topographic maps. Figure 6 As shown, the details are as follows:
[0109] First, based on S1 and related detailed steps, large-scale topographic maps and high-resolution imagery of the survey area were collected, data preprocessing was carried out, coordinates and elevations were standardized, and a basic database was established.
[0110] Secondly, based on S2, S3 and their related refinement steps, the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map are deconstructed, the utilization direction of the relevant elements is clarified, and isolation elements such as walls, fences, barbed wire, land category boundaries, road edges, sidewalk edges, outer edges of elevated roads, outer edges of building foundations, city walls, river shorelines, lake edges, pond edges, pond embankments, normal water level lines, slope top lines, slope toe lines, and field ridges are digitally extracted and superimposed on the high-resolution image map to construct the base map of basic elements for generating the land use status map data.
[0111] Then, based on S4 and its detailed steps, and combined with the spatial morphological characteristics of the existing land features in the survey area, the boundaries of the existing land parcels are delineated on the base map of basic elements, the boundaries of the existing land use are determined, and the land use categories of the existing land use are identified based on the surface cover, surface morphology, annotation information and image information of the large-scale topographic map.
[0112] In summary, the land use status map data generation method of this invention opens up the path for converting topographic maps into land use status map data. It has advantages and features such as detailed land use classification, accurate plot space and detailed spatial expression, and can provide multi-level technical support for land spatial planning and natural resource management.
[0113] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Based on the requirements for generating land use status map data, determine the survey area, collect basic land use status data of the survey area, including: high-resolution image map and large-scale topographic map; and preprocess the collected basic data to build a basic database. Step S2: Construct the generation path of basic land parcel units for the current land use map, deconstruct the elements, structure, and information content of the large-scale topographic map, analyze the natural and artificial characteristics of land cover, and determine the utilization direction of geographic information elements in the generation of current land use map data. This includes the following sub-steps: Step S21: Establish the spatial closed-loop relationship between the functional space, material space and land feature elements of the land parcel. Based on the geographic information elements of the large-scale topographic map corresponding to the land feature elements and the current material space, determine the range of the material space corresponding to the functional space of the current land parcel and construct the generation path of the basic unit of the land use map. Step S22: Deconstruct the large-scale topographic map data. Based on the layer data structure of points, lines, areas and annotations of the topographic map, subdivide the geographic information element types of the large-scale topographic map, determine the entity information and spatial connotations corresponding to each type of element, and use it for the identification of land parcels and the delineation of boundaries of existing land use. Step S23: Analyze the natural and artificial characteristics of the land surface from three levels: land morphology, land cover, and element annotation information of large-scale topographic maps, establish the basis for determining the conversion from land cover geographic information to current land use types, and identify the land parcels generated from current land use data. Step S24: Based on the correspondence between the existing land features and the geographic information features of the large-scale topographic map, establish the connection relationship between the existing land use and the large-scale topographic map, and determine the isolation function elements of the large-scale topographic map as the basis for delineating the boundaries of land parcels in the generation of the land use status map data. Step S3: Using the element digitization extraction method, extract the isolation function elements of the large-scale topographic map of the survey area, and overlay them layer by layer onto the high-resolution image map to establish a data generation base map with the accuracy of a large-scale topographic map. This includes the following steps: Step S31: Within the survey area where the land use status map data is generated, the element types of the large-scale topographic map are screened, and the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer are digitally extracted. Step S32: Based on the accuracy of the large-scale topographic map, the isolated functional elements extracted in step S31 are layered and overlaid onto the high-resolution image map through the geographic information system platform of ArcGIS software, according to a unified coordinate system and elevation benchmark, to form the base map of basic elements for generating land use status map data. Step S4: Based on the spatial morphological characteristics of the existing land features in the survey area, identify the land use types and delineate the boundaries of the existing land use on the base map of basic elements, unify the overall expression of the existing land use, and conduct field surveys for questionable land parcels to realize the generation of land use status map data and the survey of existing land use.
2. The method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes the following sub-steps: Step S11: Collect high-resolution imagery of the survey area and perform spatial analysis. By analyzing the land cover in the high-resolution imagery, obtain the spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of the current construction land, agricultural land and unused land. Step S12: Collect large-scale topographic maps of the survey area, perform spatial information verification, and obtain a digital topographic map of the land cover of the survey area; Step S13: Preprocess the collected high-resolution imagery and large-scale topographic map data, unify the time point, coordinates, and elevation of the data, and establish a basic database.
3. The method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S22 deconstructs the large-scale topographic map data, dividing it from bottom to top into: surface cover layer, surface morphology layer, feature information layer, and annotation layer. The data structure for each layer is constructed, and the geographic information feature types for each layer are further subdivided. The geographic information features are layered according to classification, as detailed below: The surface cover layer includes the following elements: water system, residential areas and facilities, transportation, pipelines, vegetation and soil. The landform layer includes landforms as its element type, specifically including: contour lines, elevation points, water area isolines, natural landforms, and artificial landforms. The element information layer has element types of boundaries and administrative divisions, specifically including: provincial-level administrative divisions, prefecture-level city administrative divisions, county-level administrative divisions, and township-level administrative divisions; The annotation layer contains element annotations, specifically including: water system annotations, residential area annotations, transportation annotations, pipeline annotations, landform annotations, vegetation annotations, and boundary and administrative division annotations.
4. The method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S23 establishes the basis for determining the conversion from land cover feature information to current land use type, including the following sub-steps: Step S231: Based on the geographic information element type of the surface morphology layer, obtain the current land use geomorphology of the survey area to assist in the determination of the current land use type; Step S232: Based on the geographic information element type of the surface cover layer, obtain the actual state of natural vegetation and artificial structures of the current land use development and utilization in the survey area, which serves as the direct basis for determining the current land use type. Step S233: Based on the geographic information element types of the element information layer and annotation layer, obtain the social attribute information of the current land use features to assist in the determination of the current land use type; Step S234: Based on a comprehensive assessment of geographic information elements including the landform layer, land cover layer, and annotation layer, identify the land parcel type generated from the current land use data.
5. The method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S24 forms the basis for delineating land parcel boundaries in the generation of land use status map data, including the following sub-steps: Step S241: Based on the concept of land use type, establish the connection relationship between the surface cover element types and related facilities and the existing land use types of large-scale topographic maps; Step S242: Based on the geographic information element type of the surface cover layer and the land parcel classification basis obtained in step S224, extract the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer of the large-scale topographic map, and determine the basis for delineating the current land parcel boundaries generated from the land use status map data. The isolation elements of the surface cover layer include: walls, fences, barbed wire, land boundaries, road edges, sidewalk edges, outer edges of elevated roads, outer edges of building foundations, city walls, riverbanks, lake edges, pond edges, pond embankments, normal water level lines, slope top lines, slope toe lines, and field embankments.
6. The method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S242, the correspondence between the isolation function elements of the surface cover layer and the existing land use boundary is established as the basis for boundary delineation, as shown in the following details: The water system isolation function element in the surface cover layer element type is mapped to the existing land use boundary of land water area and public facility land. The isolation function elements of residential land and facilities in the surface cover layer element type are mapped to the current land use boundaries of residential land, public management and public service land, commercial service land, industrial and mining land, warehousing land, public utility land, special land, and agricultural facility construction land. The isolation function elements of transportation in the surface cover layer element type are mapped to the current land use boundaries of transportation land and agricultural facility construction land; The isolation function elements of pipelines in the surface cover layer element type are mapped to the existing land use boundaries of public utility land and transportation land; The isolation function of vegetation and soil in the surface cover layer element type is mapped to the existing land use boundaries of cultivated land, orchard, forest land, grassland, green space and open space.
7. The method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 includes the following steps: Step S41: On the base map of basic elements, delineate the boundaries of existing land parcels in the land use status map data generation work area, refine the spatial granularity, and obtain the delineation results of existing land parcel boundaries. Step S42: Based on the concept of land use type, and combined with the spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of the existing land features in the work area, identify the current land use type of the existing land with the delineated land parcel boundaries, refine the expression of the current land use of the entire area and all elements, and obtain the identification result of the current land use parcel land type. Step S43: Summarize the land use status map data to generate data results within the working area, optimize the overall expression of current land use, and based on the land parcel classification and boundary delineation results obtained in steps S41 and S42, process the gaps between land parcels and establish a land use status map result database.
8. The method for generating land use status map data based on large-scale topographic maps according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S41, following the principle of starting with the easier tasks and progressing to the more difficult ones, the boundaries of existing land parcels are delineated within the land use status map data generation work area, including the following sub-steps: Step S411: The boundary delineation of existing land parcels is determined by referring to the isolation function elements on the topographic map; Step S412: When the existing land parcel has no isolation function elements, the parcel boundary is determined comprehensively based on the parcel feature information and surrounding adjacent conditions, combined with high-resolution imagery. Step S413: When the large-scale topographic map and the high-resolution image map are inconsistent, the features are identified by the latest high-resolution image map at the current time point, and the boundaries of the existing land parcels are delineated.