An experimental device and method for simulating bubble behavior in a liquid metal cooled reactor

Abstract

The application provides a bubble behavior test device and method for simulating a liquid metal cooled reactor, and belongs to the technical field of nuclear engineering. The device aims to solve the problems of high operating temperature, large power consumption and poor safety of a traditional experimental loop using lead-bismuth alloy as a liquid phase medium, and the shortcoming that a traditional contact type measurement method easily causes disturbance to the flow characteristics of fluid. The bubble behavior test device for simulating the liquid metal cooled reactor comprises a flow channel body, a rod bundle matrix and liquid gallium-indium-tin alloy metal arranged in the flow channel body, and a plurality of gas check valves arranged on each rod of the rod bundle matrix; an inert gas output assembly is provided with a plurality of gas output ports and is connected with the gas injection ports on each rod of the rod bundle matrix; an ultrasonic probe array is arranged on the side of the rod bundle matrix and in the central rod; and a fluid circulation assembly is connected with the flow channel body at the inlet end and the outlet end and is used for driving the fluid in the flow channel body to move from top to bottom and separating the gas from the flow channel body. The device is mainly used for simulating the bubble behavior of the liquid metal cooled reactor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear engineering technology, and in particular relates to a test device and method for simulating the bubble behavior of a liquid metal-cooled reactor. Background Technology

[0002] Steam generator heat transfer tube rupture is one of the key benchmark accidents for safety analysis of lead-bismuth reactors. In the system design of lead-bismuth fast reactors, the system pressure on the steam generator side is significantly higher than that on the lead-bismuth side. Therefore, during an accident, the working fluid (water and steam) on the steam generator side will be injected into the low-pressure lead-bismuth side through the rupture and rapidly vaporize there. Consequently, a steam generator heat transfer tube rupture accident will cause a gas-liquid heavy metal two-phase flow on the lead-bismuth side. Furthermore, the steam generator heat transfer tubes are usually arranged in a rod bundle, further increasing the complexity of the two-phase flow. To understand the mechanistic aspects of a steam generator heat transfer tube rupture accident in a lead-bismuth reactor, it is necessary to study in detail the bubble behavior of the gas-liquid heavy metal two-phase flow under the rod bundle effect.

[0003] Based on currently available literature and patents, the apparatus used to study the rod bundle effect in liquid metal two-phase flow mainly uses lead-bismuth alloy at relatively high temperatures as the liquid medium, and probes or sensors are used to collect relevant parameters. However, current methods for studying the rod bundle effect in liquid metal two-phase flow have the following problems:

[0004] Using lead-bismuth alloy as a liquid medium requires operation at high temperatures (typically above 473K), resulting in high power consumption, high operating and maintenance costs, and high operational risks. Furthermore, since lead-bismuth alloy is solid at room temperature, the time required to heat the alloy to a liquid metal state after startup is long, which is detrimental to researchers' studies on the rod bundle effect in gas-liquid metal two-phase flow.

[0005] In gas-liquid metal two-phase flow rod bundle channels, the fluids surrounding the central rod and the edge rod bundles exhibit significant differences in flow and heat transfer characteristics. Furthermore, due to the shielding effect of the edge rod bundles, the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the fluid surrounding the central rod are more complex, making it a key focus of rod bundle effect research. However, conventional invasive measurement methods are almost incapable of collecting and studying the bubble motion characteristics within the fluid surrounding the central rod bundle without interfering with the fluid flow characteristics when studying the rod bundle effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a test device and method for simulating the bubble behavior of a liquid metal-cooled reactor, in order to solve the problems of high power consumption and easy impact on fluid flow characteristics caused by the need for traditional lead-bismuth alloy as a liquid medium to operate at high temperatures.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution. According to one aspect of the present invention, a test apparatus for simulating the bubble behavior of a liquid metal-cooled reactor is provided, comprising:

[0008] The flow channel body is internally provided with a rod bundle matrix and liquid gallium indium tin alloy metal, and each rod of the rod bundle matrix is ​​provided with several gas check valves;

[0009] The inert gas output component is equipped with several gas output ports, which are connected to the gas injection ports on each rod of the rod bundle matrix.

[0010] An ultrasonic probe array is positioned around the periphery of the rod bundle matrix;

[0011] The fluid circulation assembly has both its inlet and outlet ends connected to the flow channel body, and is used to drive the fluid in the flow channel body to move from top to bottom and separate the gas out of the flow channel body.

[0012] Furthermore, the flow channel body is a closed container with a rectangular cross-sectional shape.

[0013] Furthermore, the inert gas output assembly includes a gas cylinder, a gas flow meter, a gas flow valve, and a gas source distributor connected in sequence, with all gas output ports located on the gas source distributor.

[0014] Furthermore, the ultrasonic probe array includes a central rod ultrasonic probe array disposed inside the central rod of the rod bundle matrix and several edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe arrays disposed on the outer wall of the flow channel body.

[0015] Furthermore, the number of central rod ultrasonic probe arrays and edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe arrays are both four and arranged in a circumferentially evenly distributed manner, with the central rod ultrasonic probe array and edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array arranged opposite each other at each corresponding position.

[0016] Furthermore, the height of the gas check valve is lower than the height of the ultrasonic probe array.

[0017] Furthermore, the fluid circulation assembly includes a fluid drive assembly, a liquid flow valve, a flow meter, and a gas-liquid separator connected in sequence. The inlet end of the fluid drive assembly is connected to the lower part of the flow channel body, and the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the upper part of the flow channel body.

[0018] Furthermore, the flow channel body is provided with a cover plate, one end of the rod bundle matrix is ​​inserted into the flow channel body through the cover plate, and the gas injection port is arranged outside the flow channel body.

[0019] Furthermore, the ultrasonic probe array and the gas check valve are located between the inlet and outlet of the fluid circulation assembly.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method is provided using a test apparatus for simulating the bubble behavior of a liquid metal-cooled reactor as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Install and debug the test equipment;

[0022] Control the output gas flow rate of the inert gas output component to the required level for the experiment;

[0023] The fluid circulation assembly controls the flow rate of the liquid metal to the required level for the experiment.

[0024] Control the flow rate at the gas outlet to fill several rods within the rod bundle matrix with gas;

[0025] Open the predetermined gas check valve on the corresponding rod and adjust its opening to generate bubbles in the liquid metal at the rate required by the test.

[0026] The central rod ultrasonic probe array and the edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array are connected to the data acquisition system to transmit the acquired data to the host computer.

[0027] After the data collection is completed, the device is shut down, and the collected data is analyzed to obtain a set of experimental data.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. The experimental device of this invention can collect and visualize the rod bundle effect characteristics of gas-liquid metal two-phase flow at room temperature (298.15K). It can collect information on the movement behavior of bubbles in the full fluid interface containing the edge rod bundle and the fluid around the central rod without interfering with the fluid flow characteristics. By using gallium indium tin alloy, which is liquid at room temperature, as the liquid working medium, it successfully overcomes the problems of high cost, toxicity, high power level, high risk, and long start-up time of traditional experimental simulation devices for the rod bundle effect of gas-liquid metal two-phase flow using lead bismuth alloy as the liquid working medium.

[0030] 2. By using a gas source distributor to introduce gas into the hollow rod, the gas escapes from the check valve on the rod in the form of bubbles, thus effectively simulating the bubble behavior when the heat transfer tube of the steam generator in a liquid metal cooled reactor ruptures.

[0031] 3. By using an ultrasonic probe array that cooperates with a slot fixed on the outer side of the square flow channel body, the characteristics of the bubbles in the fluid around the edge of the rod bundle in the rod bundle channel are collected. By using an ultrasonic probe array inside the central rod, the motion characteristics of the bubbles in the fluid around the central rod under the rod bundle effect are collected.

[0032] 4. By covering the top of the gallium indium tin alloy with a layer of potassium hydroxide solution of a certain concentration, the oxidation of the gallium indium tin alloy can be suppressed, and the influence of the oxide film generated by the liquid working fluid on the flow characteristics can be prevented.

[0033] 5. By using a drive pump and a gas-liquid separator, liquid metal can be driven to flow from top to bottom, thereby simulating the effect of liquid metal working fluid flowing from top to bottom through the rod bundle in a real liquid metal reactor. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a test device for simulating the bubble behavior of a liquid metal-cooled reactor according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the central rod ultrasonic probe array arrangement described in this invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array arrangement described in this invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the bar bundle matrix and gas check valve as described in this invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second specific implementation method;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third specific implementation method;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth specific implementation method.

[0042] Flow channel body 1; rod bundle matrix 2; cover plate 3; ultrasonic probe array 4; central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a; edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b; gas check valve 5; gas pressure balance valve 6; gas cylinder 7; gas flow meter 8; gas flow valve 9; gas source distributor 10; gas outlet 10-a; gas inlet 10-b; fluid drive assembly 11; liquid flow valve 12; gas-liquid separator 13; flow meter 14. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0044] It should be noted that the descriptions of "left," "right," "left side," "right side," "upper part," "lower part," "top," and "bottom" in this invention are defined based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the described structure must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Specific implementation method one:

[0047] Referring to the accompanying drawings, this embodiment provides a test apparatus for simulating bubble behavior in a liquid metal-cooled reactor, comprising:

[0048] The flow channel body 1 is internally provided with a rod bundle matrix 2 and liquid gallium indium tin alloy metal. Each rod of the rod bundle matrix 2 is provided with several gas check valves 5 of the same height and uniformly arranged. By covering the top of the gallium indium tin alloy with a layer of potassium hydroxide solution of a certain concentration, the oxidation phenomenon of gallium indium tin alloy is suppressed, and the influence of the oxide film generated by the liquid working fluid on the flow characteristics is prevented.

[0049] The flow channel body 1 is specifically a container with a rectangular cross-section, and the whole is in the shape of a vertically placed cuboid with an opening on the upper side. The upper opening is closed by a cover plate 3. One end of the rod bundle matrix 2 is inserted into the flow channel body 1 through the cover plate 3, and the gas injection port 10-b is arranged on the outside of the flow channel body 1. Specifically, each rod in the rod bundle is a hollow structure with a circular cross-section, closed at the lower end, and connected to the output end of the gas source distributor at the upper end. Several gas check valves are evenly arranged on the side. A pressure balancing valve 6 is set on the cover plate 3 to balance the pressure inside the flow channel body 1.

[0050] The rod bundle matrix 2 contains nine rods arranged in a rectangular 3×3 grid with equal spacing in a top view. Each rod has multiple gas check valves 5 evenly distributed along its perimeter at the same height; specifically, four gas check valves 5 are installed on each rod to simulate bubble overflow patterns under different conditions. The height of the gas check valves 5 on different rods can vary.

[0051] The inert gas output component is provided with several gas output ports 10-a, which are connected to the gas injection ports 10-b on each rod of the rod bundle matrix 2. The gas source distributor 10 can control the opening and closing and flow rate of different gas output ports 10-a through the valves on it, thereby controlling whether gas is injected into different gas injection ports 10-b, as well as the generation rate of bubbles in the gas check valves 5 on different rods.

[0052] An ultrasonic probe array 4 is disposed around the periphery of the rod bundle matrix 2 and inside the central rod. Specifically, it includes a central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a disposed inside the central rod of the rod bundle matrix 2 and several edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe arrays 4-b disposed on the outer wall of the flow channel body 1. There are four central rod ultrasonic probe arrays 4-a and four edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe arrays 4-b, arranged in a circumferentially even distribution, with each corresponding position of the central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a and edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b arranged opposite each other. The central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a and the edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b are evenly distributed in inner and outer rings. By using an ultrasonic probe array that cooperates with a slot fixed on the outer surface of the square flow channel body, the characteristics of air bubbles in the fluid around the edge rod bundles in the rod bundle channel are collected. By using the ultrasonic probe array inside the central rod, the motion characteristics of air bubbles in the fluid around the central rod under the rod bundle effect are collected. The ultrasonic probe array 4 is specifically installed through a slot. By reconstructing images from data acquired by the central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a and the edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b, a complete interface image of the gas-liquid metal two-phase flow at a horizontal height within the rod bundle channel can be obtained for subsequent analysis. The algorithm used for image reconstruction employs existing technology and will not be elaborated here. The central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a contains four independent ultrasonic probes, installed at the same horizontal height inside the central rod of the rod bundle matrix 2, with the angle between adjacent probe axes being 90°. The edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b contains four independent ultrasonic probes, installed at the same horizontal height on the outer surface of the rectangular flow channel body 1 via slots, with the angle between adjacent probe axes being 90°. The central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a and the edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b are installed at the same horizontal height during the experiment.

[0053] By injecting gas into different rods in the rod bundle matrix 2, and controlling the opening and closing of different gas check valves 5 on the same rod, rod bundle effect experiments of gas-liquid metal two-phase flow under various conditions can be carried out for comparative analysis.

[0054] The fluid circulation assembly has both its inlet and outlet ends connected to the flow channel body 1, and is used to drive the fluid in the flow channel body 1 to move from top to bottom and separate the gas out of the flow channel body 1.

[0055] In this embodiment, the inert gas output assembly includes a gas cylinder 7, a gas flow meter 8, a gas flow valve 9, and a gas source distributor 10 connected in sequence. All gas output ports 10-a are located on the gas source distributor 10. The various components are connected by pipelines, and the gas in the gas cylinder 7 is either helium or nitrogen.

[0056] In this embodiment, the height of the gas check valve 5 is lower than the height of the ultrasonic probe array 4.

[0057] In this embodiment, the fluid circulation assembly includes a fluid drive assembly 11, a liquid flow valve 12, a flow meter 14, and a gas-liquid separator 13 connected in sequence. The inlet end of the fluid drive assembly 11 is connected to the lower part of the flow channel body 1, and the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 13 is connected to the upper part of the flow channel body 1. By monitoring the reading of the gas flow meter 8 and adjusting the opening of the gas flow valve 9, the gas flow rate entering the gas source distributor 10 can be controlled.

[0058] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic probe array 4 and the gas check valve 5 are located between the inlet and outlet ends of the fluid circulation assembly. Specifically, an opening is provided at the upper and lower parts of the sidewall of either side of the flow channel body 1. One opening is used to communicate with the inlet end of the fluid drive assembly 11, and the other is used to communicate with the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 13. The fluid drive assembly 11 is configured as a drive pump. The operation of the drive pump can drive the liquid in the lower part of the flow channel body 1 to flow sequentially through the liquid flow valve 12 and the flow meter 14 before entering the gas-liquid separator 13. After separating the gas and liquid, the liquid flows back into the flow channel body 1, thereby creating a downward flow effect within the flow channel body 1. The ultrasonic probe array 4 and the gas check valve 5 are located between the inlet and outlet ends of the fluid circulation assembly to allow the flowing liquid metal to flow through the ultrasonic probe array 4 and the gas check valve 5.

[0059] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method is provided using a test apparatus for simulating the bubble behavior of a liquid metal-cooled reactor as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0060] After installing and debugging the test device, open the air pressure balance valve 6;

[0061] Control the output gas flow rate of the inert gas output component to the required level for the experiment;

[0062] The fluid circulation assembly controls the flow rate of the liquid metal to the required level for the experiment.

[0063] Control the flow rate at the gas outlet 10-a to fill several rods in the rod bundle matrix 2 with gas;

[0064] Open the predetermined gas check valve 5 on the corresponding rod and adjust its opening to generate bubbles in the liquid metal at the rate required by the test.

[0065] The central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a and the edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b are connected to the data acquisition system to transmit the acquired data to the host computer;

[0066] After the data collection is completed, the device is shut down, and the collected data is analyzed to obtain a set of experimental data. Specific Implementation Method Two:

[0068] This embodiment provides a specific process for collecting the first type of experimental data:

[0069] Reference Appendix Figure 5 The specific experimental method is as follows:

[0070] Set up the above experimental setup and check that each device is in normal working condition. Open the air pressure balance valve 6 on the cover plate 3.

[0071] Monitor the reading of gas flow meter 8 and adjust the opening of gas flow valve 9 to control the gas flow rate entering gas source distributor 10 to the required level for the test.

[0072] Turn on the drive pump 11, monitor the reading of the flow meter 14, adjust the speed of the drive pump 11 and the opening of the valve 12, and control the flow rate of the liquid metal to the required level for the experiment.

[0073] Open the valve on the gas source distributor 10 to control the flow rate of the gas outlet 10-a, so that the rod 21 is filled with gas;

[0074] Open the gas check valve 514 on the outer side of the rod 21, and adjust the opening of the gas check valve 514 to make the bubbles generate in the liquid metal at the rate required by the test.

[0075] The bubble behavior monitoring device includes a central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a and an edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b, which are connected to a data acquisition system to transmit data to a host computer PC.

[0076] After the data acquisition was completed, the device was shut down, and the data acquired by the central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a and the edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b were analyzed to obtain a set of experimental data on the rod bundle effect of the edge rod bundle in room temperature gas-liquid metal two-phase flow. The experiment ended. Specific implementation method three:

[0078] This embodiment provides a specific process for collecting the second type of experimental data:

[0079] Reference Appendix Figure 6 An experimental simulation of the rod bundle effect in a room-temperature gas-liquid metal two-phase flow is presented. The experimental method is as follows:

[0080] Set up the above experimental setup and check that each device is in normal working condition. Open the air pressure balance valve 6 on the cover plate 3.

[0081] Monitor the reading of gas flow meter 8 and adjust the opening of gas flow valve 9 to control the gas flow rate entering gas source distributor 10 to the required level for the test.

[0082] Turn on the drive pump 11, monitor the reading of the flow meter 14, adjust the speed of the drive pump 11 and the opening of the valve 12, and control the flow rate of the liquid metal to the required level for the experiment.

[0083] Open the valve on the gas source distributor 10 to control the flow rate of the gas output port 10-a, so that rods 22 and 24 are filled with gas;

[0084] Open the gas check valve 523 on the inner side of rod 22, open the gas check valve 542 on the inner side of rod 24, adjust the opening of gas check valve 523 to make bubbles generate in liquid metal at the rate required by the test, and adjust the opening of gas check valve 542 to make bubbles generate in liquid metal at the rate required by the test.

[0085] The bubble behavior monitoring device includes a central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a and an edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b, which are connected to a data acquisition system to transmit data to a host computer PC.

[0086] After the data acquisition was completed, the device was shut down, and the data acquired by the central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a and the edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b were analyzed to obtain a set of experimental data on the room temperature gas-liquid metal two-phase flow rod bundle effect of the central rod. The experiment ended. Specific implementation method four:

[0088] This embodiment provides a specific process for collecting the third type of experimental data:

[0089] Reference Appendix Figure 7 An experimental simulation of the rod bundle effect in a room-temperature gas-liquid metal two-phase flow is presented. The experimental method is as follows:

[0090] Set up the above experimental setup and check that each device is in normal working condition. Open the air pressure balance valve 6 on the cover plate 3.

[0091] Monitor the reading of gas flow meter 8 and adjust the opening of gas flow valve 9 to control the gas flow rate entering gas source distributor 10 to the required level for the test.

[0092] Turn on the drive pump 11, monitor the reading of the flow meter 14, and adjust the opening of the liquid flow valve 12 to control the flow rate of the liquid metal to the required level for the experiment.

[0093] Open the valve on the gas source distributor 10 to control the flow rate of the gas outlet 10-a, so that the rod 25 is filled with gas;

[0094] Open gas check valves 551, 552, 553, and 554 on rod 25, and adjust the opening degree of gas check valves 551, 552, 553, and 554 to generate bubbles in the liquid metal at the rate required by the test.

[0095] The bubble behavior monitoring device includes a central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a and an edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b, which are connected to a data acquisition system to transmit data to a host computer PC.

[0096] After the data acquisition was completed, the device was shut down, and the data acquired by the central rod ultrasonic probe array 4-a and the edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array 4-b were analyzed to obtain a set of experimental data on the room temperature gas-liquid metal two-phase flow rod bundle effect of the central rod. The experiment ended.

[0097] The sensors, controllers, and control programs mentioned above are all existing technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0098] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for simulating the bubble behavior of a liquid metal-cooled reactor, characterized in that, include: The flow channel body (1) is provided with a rod bundle matrix (2) and liquid gallium indium tin alloy metal inside. Each rod of the rod bundle matrix (2) is provided with several gas check valves (5). An inert gas output component is provided with several gas output ports (10-a), which are connected to the gas injection ports (10-b) on each rod of the rod bundle matrix (2); An ultrasonic probe array (4) is set on the periphery of the rod bundle matrix (2) and inside the central rod; The fluid circulation assembly has both its inlet and outlet ends connected to the flow channel body (1) and is used to drive the fluid in the flow channel body (1) to move from top to bottom and separate the gas out of the flow channel body (1); the ultrasonic probe array (4) includes a central rod ultrasonic probe array (4-a) set inside the central rod of the rod bundle matrix (2) and several edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe arrays (4-b) set on the outer wall of the flow channel body (1).

2. The experimental apparatus for simulating bubble behavior in a liquid metal-cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow channel body (1) is a closed container with a rectangular cross-section.

3. The experimental apparatus for simulating bubble behavior in a liquid metal-cooled reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inert gas output assembly includes a gas cylinder (7), a gas flow meter (8), a gas flow valve (9), and a gas source distributor (10) connected in sequence, with all gas output ports (10-a) located on the gas source distributor (10).

4. The experimental apparatus for simulating bubble behavior in a liquid metal-cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of central rod ultrasound probe array (4-a) and edge rod bundle ultrasound probe array (4-b) are both four and arranged in a circumferentially evenly distributed manner. The central rod ultrasound probe array (4-a) and edge rod bundle ultrasound probe array (4-b) at each corresponding position are arranged opposite to each other.

5. The experimental apparatus for simulating bubble behavior in a liquid metal-cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the gas check valve (5) is lower than the height of the ultrasonic probe array (4).

6. A test apparatus for simulating bubble behavior in a liquid metal-cooled reactor according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The fluid circulation assembly includes a fluid drive assembly (11), a liquid flow valve (12), a flow meter (14), and a gas-liquid separator (13) connected in sequence. The inlet end of the fluid drive assembly (11) is connected to the lower part of the flow channel body (1), and the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator (13) is connected to the upper part of the flow channel body (1).

7. The experimental apparatus for simulating bubble behavior in a liquid metal-cooled reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow channel body (1) is provided with a cover plate (3), and one end of the rod bundle matrix (2) is inserted into the flow channel body (1) through the cover plate (3) and the gas injection port (10-b) is arranged outside the flow channel body (1).

8. The experimental apparatus for simulating bubble behavior in a liquid metal-cooled reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ultrasonic probe array (4) and the gas check valve (5) are located between the inlet and outlet of the fluid circulation assembly.

9. A method for using a test apparatus for simulating bubble behavior in a liquid metal-cooled reactor as described in claim 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, or 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Install and debug the test equipment; Control the output gas flow rate of the inert gas output component to the required level for the experiment; The fluid circulation assembly controls the flow rate of the liquid metal to the required level for the experiment. Control the flow rate of the gas outlet (10-a) so that several rods in the rod bundle matrix (2) are filled with gas; Open the predetermined gas check valve (5) on the corresponding rod and adjust its opening to generate bubbles in the liquid metal at the rate required by the test; The central rod ultrasonic probe array (4-a) and the edge rod bundle ultrasonic probe array (4-b) are connected to the data acquisition system to transmit the acquired data to the host computer; After the data collection is completed, the device is shut down, and the collected data is analyzed to obtain a set of experimental data.

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