Circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna capable of reconstructing directional diagram and realizing MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output)

Abstract

The invention discloses a circularly-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna with a reconfigurable directional diagram and an MIMO (multiple input multiple output) function, and relates to the technical field of antennas, the antenna comprises an upper dielectric plate, a lower dielectric plate, a plurality of magnetoelectric dipole circularly-polarized units and two parasitic patches, and the magnetoelectric dipole circularly-polarized units and the two parasitic patches are distributed on the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate in a central rotation symmetric manner. The antenna can meet the requirements of low profile, reconfigurable directional diagram and circular polarization at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna with reconfigurable directional patterns and capable of implementing MIMO. Background Art

[0002] The antenna in the prior art has the problem of being unable to simultaneously meet the requirements of low profile, reconfigurable radiation pattern and circular polarization. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to propose a circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna with reconfigurable directional pattern and capable of implementing MIMO, so as to realize an antenna that simultaneously satisfies the requirements of low profile, reconfigurable directional pattern and circular polarization.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, one aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes a circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna with a reconfigurable radiation pattern and capable of realizing MIMO, the antenna comprising: an upper dielectric plate, a lower dielectric plate, a plurality of magneto-electric dipole circularly polarized units distributed in a central rotationally symmetrical manner on the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate, and two parasitic patches.

[0005] In some embodiments, each of the magneto-electric dipole circular polarization units includes a trapezoidal metal sheet and a short-circuit wall.

[0006] In some embodiments, the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are square;

[0007] The long bottom side of the trapezoidal metal sheet is overlapped with the side of the upper dielectric plate or the lower dielectric plate, and the short bottom side of the trapezoidal metal sheet is connected to the short-circuit wall;

[0008] The short-circuit wall connects the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, each of the parasitic patches is printed on the upper dielectric plate or the lower dielectric plate and is on the same layer as the trapezoidal metal sheet, and each of the parasitic patches is not connected to the short-circuit wall.

[0010] In some embodiments, each of the parasitic patches is two metal sheets perpendicular to each other.

[0011] The embodiments of the present application include at least the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The antenna of the present application realizes low profile, reconfigurable radiation pattern and circular polarization through an upper dielectric plate, a lower dielectric plate, a plurality of magneto-electric dipole circular polarization units distributed in a central rotationally symmetrical manner on the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate, and two parasitic patches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 The antenna model diagram of the related technology 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 2 The antenna model diagram of the related technology 2 provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 3 An example structural diagram of a circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna with reconfigurable directional pattern and capable of implementing MIMO provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 4 A top view of a circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna with reconfigurable directional pattern and capable of implementing MIMO provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 5 A perspective view of a circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna with reconfigurable directional pattern and capable of implementing MIMO provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 6 A reflection diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application under excitation of port 1;

[0020] Figure 7 A transmission coefficient diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application under excitation of port 1;

[0021] Figure 8 A diagram showing the axial ratio of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application when port 1 is excited and changes with frequency;

[0022] Fig. 9 An axial ratio diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application in the xy plane;

[0023] Fig.10 The normalized directional patterns of the four ports of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application respectively fed;

[0024] Fig.11 This is a gain diagram that varies with frequency under excitation of port 1 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure numerals: 1 is an upper dielectric plate, 2 is a lower dielectric plate, 3 is an upper metal layer, 4 is a lower metal layer, 5 is a short-circuit wall, 6 is a metal column, and 7 is a port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present application. They are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application as detailed in the attached claims.

[0027] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application can be used to describe various concepts in this article, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another concept. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiment of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if" and "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determination".

[0028] The terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any", etc. used in this application, at least one includes one, two or more, multiple includes two or more, each refers to each of the corresponding multiple, and any refers to any one of the multiple.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0030] Before describing the embodiments of the present application in detail, some related technologies involved in the embodiments of the present application are first described as follows:

[0031] Reference Figure 1 , Related technology 1 proposes a planar magnetic electric dipole antenna that produces a circularly polarized end-fire beam. The antenna in this document is designed on a dielectric board, a pair of magnetic dipoles and electric dipoles are printed on the dielectric board, and vias are added to one long side and two short sides of the dielectric board to achieve a short-circuit effect. The aperture of the opening surface that is not short-circuited can produce a vertical polarization component, the electric dipole produces a horizontal polarization component, and an extension line between the opening surface and the electric dipole produces a 90-degree phase difference. The antenna can produce an end-fire circularly polarized beam in the direction of the dipole pointing in the plane of the dielectric board.

[0032] The antenna proposed in Related Technology 1 can only generate a circularly polarized beam in the horizontal plane where the dielectric plate is located, and is not suitable for application scenarios that require flexible control of the beam direction and wide spatial coverage. Secondly, the antenna proposed in Related Technology 1 has a phase extension line, which causes the size in the direction of the phase extension line to be greater than a quarter of the wavelength. Therefore, the reconfigurable pattern and compact size are not achieved by this related technology.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 , Related Technology 2 proposes a circularly polarized antenna with switchable beam direction. The antenna in Related Technology 2 consists of two layers of dielectric integrated waveguides and four wide-side dipoles. The four walls of the dielectric integrated waveguide are loaded with diodes respectively. The four faces are connected to vertically placed dipoles respectively. In order to produce a desired directional radiation beam, the corresponding aperture face is opened to excite the corresponding dipole. At the same time, the other three aperture faces are closed and used as electrical walls in the dielectric integrated waveguide. The other three dipoles act as reflectors for the excited dipoles. In order to obtain good circular polarization performance, the shape of the dipole has been adjusted and optimized, and the designed dipole is similar to a planar cross dipole and is fed by an open aperture. The size of the dipole is selected so that the real part of the input admittance of the long dipole and the short dipole is equal, and the angle of the input admittance differs by 90°. The antenna proposed in Related Technology 2 can generate directional circularly polarized beams in four different directions in the plane of the dielectric plate, which can cover the entire plane.

[0034] The reconfigurable circular polarization antenna proposed in Related Technology 2 has a cross-sectional height of nearly 0.5 wavelengths, which is much greater than the cross-sectional height of the antenna based on magnetic electric dipole to achieve circular polarization (usually less than 0.1 wavelength). The antenna in Related Technology 2 adds multiple diodes to control the radiation direction of the beam, which increases the complexity of the design and the hardware cost.

[0035] Therefore, the purpose of this application is to overcome the problem that the prior art cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of low profile, reconfigurable radiation pattern, and circular polarization, and to provide a miniaturized multi-port circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna that can realize reconfigurable radiation pattern and MIMO (Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output) functions.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 An embodiment of the present application provides a circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna with a reconfigurable radiation pattern and capable of implementing MIMO. The antenna includes: an upper dielectric plate, a lower dielectric plate, a plurality of magneto-electric dipole circularly polarized units distributed in a central rotationally symmetrical manner on the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate, and two parasitic patches.

[0037] Optionally, each of the magneto-electric dipole circular polarization units includes a trapezoidal metal sheet and a short-circuit wall.

[0038] Optionally, the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are square;

[0039] The long bottom side of the trapezoidal metal sheet is overlapped with the side of the upper dielectric plate or the lower dielectric plate, and the short bottom side of the trapezoidal metal sheet is connected to the short-circuit wall;

[0040] The short-circuit wall connects the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate.

[0041] Optionally, each of the parasitic patches is printed on the upper dielectric plate or the lower dielectric plate and is on the same layer as the trapezoidal metal sheet, and each of the parasitic patches is not connected to the short-circuit wall.

[0042] Optionally, each of the parasitic patches is two metal sheets perpendicular to each other.

[0043] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the following technical solutions are included:

[0044] 1. A compact magneto-electric dipole circular polarization unit is realized by staggering the trapezoidal metals on the two dielectric plates and adding a vertical short-circuit wall to the short bottom edge of the trapezoidal metals for short-circuiting;

[0045] 2. Based on the realized circular polarization unit, the center rotation symmetric array and multi-port switching technology are used to realize the reconfigurable radiation pattern function;

[0046] 3. Based on the realized beam reconfigurable antenna, cross-shaped parasitic branches are introduced in the middle of two metal layers to improve the front-to-back ratio of the directional beam.

[0047] Beneficial effects:

[0048] 1. Due to the use of a planar circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole structure, it has the advantages of compact structure and small size.

[0049] 2. Due to the use of circular polarization unit rotation array and multi-port technology, it brings the advantages of reconfigurable radiation pattern and large signal coverage range in communication scenarios.

[0050] 3. Due to the use of multiple ports, multi-port antennas can process multiple signal channels at the same time, thereby improving the coverage and capacity of the network. For example, multi-port base station antennas can support multiple communication formats and frequency bands to ensure stable coverage in different scenarios; they can also enhance signal quality and stability: multi-port antennas can reduce signal interference and improve signal quality and stability through array design.

[0051] Next, the solution of the embodiment of the present application will be introduced and explained in detail with reference to specific application examples.

[0052] The three-dimensional geometric structure of the antenna proposed in this embodiment can be further referred to Figure 3, its top view is as follows Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the antenna is designed with Rogers RO4003 substrate, the relative dielectric constant of the substrate is 3.55, the loss tangent is 0.0027, and the thickness is 0.813mm. The antenna consists of four central rotationally symmetric magnetoelectric dipole units and a cross-shaped parasitic patch. Figure 5 As shown, each paramagnetic electric unit contains two staggered trapezoidal short-circuit metal layers, which are interconnected by short-circuit metal columns to achieve impedance matching. The two layers of metal are printed on the top of the dielectric plate 1 and the bottom of the dielectric plate 2 of the two substrates respectively. Each unit is fed by a coaxial line. In addition, a cross-shaped parasitic patch is placed in the center between the two layers of metal structure. Short-circuit walls are also printed on the substrate to connect the inner edges of the top and bottom metal layers.

[0053] For example, Figure 5 Explain the various parameters in: L 1 The length of the larger side of the long bottom edge of the trapezoidal metal sheet divided by the central symmetry line is 88.5mm, L 2 The length of the larger side of the long bottom edge of the trapezoidal metal sheet divided by the central symmetry line is 67.5mm, L 3 L is the length of the short bottom side of the trapezoidal metal sheet, the value is 8mm wall is the short-circuit wall length, the value is 70mm, L sub is the length of the dielectric plate, the value is 180mm, W is the height of the trapezoidal metal, the value is 50mm, d is the distance from the center of the short bottom side of the trapezoidal metal sheet to the center symmetry line, the value is 20mm, d pin The distance from the short-circuit metal column to the short-circuit wall is 37 mm, d port The distance from the feed metal column to the short-circuit wall is 44.5 mm, L s1 L is the length of the cross section in the middle of the parasitic patch, which is 27 mm. s2 is the length of the small branch outside the cross part of the parasitic patch, the value is 30mm, W s is the width of the cross-shaped parasitic patch, and its value is 5 mm. It should be noted that the above values ​​are the results after simulation optimization, and different data combinations can be taken according to requirements during the specific implementation process.

[0054] When one of the ports is excited and the other three ports are kept open or matched with an impedance of 50 ohms, the antenna can generate a directional end-fire beam in the dielectric plane. By switching different ports, the direction of the beam can be controlled to achieve a reconfigurable pattern. The antenna in this example has the advantages of compact structure and simple feeding, and can generate four directional beams with consistent radiation performance in the azimuth plane to cover the entire azimuth plane.

[0055] Taking the 920MHz frequency band as an example, simulation optimization is performed in the electromagnetic simulation software (HFSS). By adjusting the parameters of the antenna in the example, the antenna can work in other frequency bands.

[0056] Figure 6 and Figure 7 They are respectively the reflection coefficient diagram and the transmission coefficient diagram of this embodiment. The antenna has a low reflection coefficient and good port isolation in this frequency band.

[0057] Figure 8 This is the axial ratio diagram of the radiation direction of this embodiment as it changes with frequency. The antenna has a wide axial ratio bandwidth.

[0058] Fig. 9 This is the beam axial ratio diagram (θ=90°) on the dielectric plate plane when one port is excited in this embodiment. The antenna has a 3dB axial ratio beam width of more than 90 degrees, and the switching of four beams can cover the entire plane.

[0059] Fig.10 It is the normalized radiation pattern of the four ports of this embodiment fed separately. The antenna can generate a right-handed polarized radiation beam in the radiation direction (exchanging the positions of the upper and lower metal layers can generate a left-handed polarized beam).

[0060] Fig.11 This is the peak gain diagram of this embodiment. The gain of the antenna can reach 4.81dBic.

[0061] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0062] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0063] It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0064] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the rights of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present invention should be within the scope of the rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna with reconfigurable radiation pattern and MIMO implementation, characterized in that: The antenna comprises: an upper dielectric plate, a lower dielectric plate, a plurality of magneto-electric dipole circular polarization units distributed in a central rotationally symmetrical manner on the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate, and two parasitic patches.

2. The circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna with reconfigurable directional pattern and capable of implementing MIMO according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the magneto-electric dipole circular polarization units includes a trapezoidal metal sheet and a short-circuit wall.

3. The circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna with reconfigurable directional pattern and capable of implementing MIMO according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are square; The long bottom side of the trapezoidal metal sheet is overlapped with the side of the upper dielectric plate or the lower dielectric plate, and the short bottom side of the trapezoidal metal sheet is connected to the short-circuit wall; The short-circuit wall connects the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate.

4. The circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna with reconfigurable directional pattern and capable of implementing MIMO according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the parasitic patches is printed on the upper dielectric plate or the lower dielectric plate and is on the same layer as the trapezoidal metal sheet, and each of the parasitic patches is not connected to the short-circuit wall.

5. The circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna with reconfigurable directional pattern and capable of implementing MIMO according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Each of the parasitic patches is two metal sheets perpendicular to each other.

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