Beam scanning method and device for phased array auxiliary transmission metasurface

Abstract

The invention provides a beam scanning method and device for a phased array auxiliary transmission metasurface, and the method specifically comprises the steps: constructing a high-transmissivity transmission-type intelligent metasurface, and fitting a complex transmission coefficient according to the electromagnetic characteristics of a high-transmissivity phase modulation unit; constructing a unit antenna model and determining an array combination mode according to a phased array in combination with a target working frequency band and a beam scanning range of the transmission-type intelligent metasurface system; deploying a phased array and combining the position of the transmission-type intelligent metasurface system to obtain a position information set from a feed source end to a transmission-type intelligent metasurface end; obtaining a phased array combined transmission-type intelligent metasurface system model according to an array factor synthesis principle, and calculating a system beam gain; phased array excitation parameter coding is introduced, system beam gain maximization serves as target guidance, phased array excitation parameter configuration enabling beam optimization of the phased array combined transmission-type intelligent metasurface system is obtained through a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and system benefit optimization and improvement are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a method for configuring phased array parameters when beamforming is realized in a phased array-assisted transmission-type intelligent metasurface system in the sixth generation mobile communication (6th Generation, 6G). Background Art

[0002] As an emerging wireless communication transmission technology, transmissive smart metasurface can achieve precise beamforming in wireless communication systems due to its outstanding design flexibility and high controllability. By dynamically adjusting the phase, amplitude and polarization of the incident signal, the propagation direction and spatial distribution of the signal can be precisely controlled, thereby effectively optimizing the signal coverage and reducing interference.

[0003] The working principle of the phased array, that is, the phase compensation array, is to appropriately shift the phase of the signals of the array elements arranged in a certain pattern to obtain the deflection of the array beam.

[0004] By applying precisely controlled phase compensation to each array element, the phased array can effectively adjust the overall radiation directivity of the array.

[0005] The phased array performs phase compensation in different directions simultaneously, thereby achieving dynamic pointing control and scanning of the beam. This technology can not only flexibly adjust the pointing of the beam in different directions, but also improve the spatial resolution of the signal and target tracking accuracy.

[0006] In the feed-assisted transmissive smart metasurface system, the ability of the transmissive smart metasurface to regulate the electromagnetic environment provides favorable conditions for the electromagnetic wave transmission process. However, due to the passive characteristics of the transmissive smart metasurface, the ability of the transmissive smart metasurface to regulate the electromagnetic environment is fixed, which causes the phase data of the feed source propagated to the transmissive smart metasurface to be pre-encoded, limiting the number and position selection of the feed source relative to the transmissive smart metasurface, and having a negative impact on the freedom of system design. A single feed source does not have the ability to adapt to the electromagnetic environment, which makes the phase matching problem between the feed source and the transmissive smart metasurface more difficult to solve.

[0007] Regarding the phase matching problem between the feed source and the transmissive smart metasurface, existing work has solved the problem from two perspectives, such as designing an adjustable transmissive smart metasurface and introducing a phased array to realize electronic scanning of the feed end beam.

[0008] The design of the adjustable transmissive smart metasurface further improves the ability to regulate environmental electromagnetic waves, but the introduction of active devices increases the transmission loss of the transmissive smart metasurface, which inevitably limits the system's functionality.

[0009] Therefore, utilizing the mature beam numerical control capabilities of phased arrays can provide a better solution for feed-assisted transmissive smart metasurface systems. Summary of the invention

[0010] The present invention proposes a phased array assisted transmissive metasurface beam scanning method and device. Specifically, a high-transmittance transmissive intelligent metasurface is first constructed, and the complex transmission coefficient is fitted according to the electromagnetic characteristics of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit; according to the target working frequency band and beam scanning range of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system, a unit antenna model is constructed and the array combination method is determined; the position of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system is deployed to obtain a set of channel information from the feed end to the transmissive intelligent metasurface end; according to the array factor synthesis principle, a phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system model is obtained, and the system beam gain is calculated; phased array excitation parameter coding is introduced, and the system beam gain is maximized as the goal orientation, and a particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to obtain a phased array excitation parameter configuration that optimizes the beam of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system, so as to achieve system benefit optimization and improvement.

[0011] The parameter configuration method of the 6G phased array combined with a transmissive smart metasurface of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 200, constructing a high-transmittance transmissive smart metasurface, and fitting the complex transmission coefficient according to the electromagnetic characteristics of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit.

[0013] This step of constructing a high-transmittance transmissive smart metasurface is intended to obtain the complex transmission coefficient of the electromagnetic characteristics fitting of a specific high-transmittance phase-modulating unit, improve the algorithm accuracy, and is universal for high-transmittance phase-modulating units of different design structures. It does not limit the specific structural design of the transmissive smart metasurface and the high-transmittance phase-modulating unit, and does not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention.

[0014] Optionally, the high-transmittance transmissive intelligent metasurface construction includes a high-transmittance phase-modulating unit design and a transmissive intelligent metasurface array arrangement. The high-transmittance phase-modulating unit is usually a periodic structure or a sub-wavelength structure. These structures achieve efficient transmission of incident electromagnetic waves and flexible control of the phase of electromagnetic waves by adjusting their parameters, such as height, thickness, spacing, material dielectric constant, etc.

[0015] Specifically, the high transmission phase modulation unit interval Δ s , the position of each high transmission phase modulation unit is (x mn ,y mn ,z mn ).

[0016] Transmissive intelligent metasurface array arrangement refers to the precise design and arrangement of the metasurface's phase-modulation units to enable them to effectively transmit and modulate electromagnetic waves at specific frequencies and angles. The modulation technology includes adjusting the geometric parameters, material properties, and mutual distances of the phase-modulation units.

[0017] Specifically, the number of rows of the transmissive smart metasurface array is set to M, and the number of columns is set to N.

[0018] Optionally, the fitting of the complex transmission coefficient according to the electromagnetic characteristics of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit refers to first obtaining the S parameter S of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit. 21 ,According to the position of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit in the transmission-type intelligent metasurface array, the complex transmission coefficient model of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit is defined as τ(m,n), and the τ(m,n) model is defined as:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, q e is the quantitative characteristic parameter of the electromagnetic characteristics of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit, θ e (m,n) is the position-dependent incident angle of the electromagnetic wave, represents the transmission amplitude, Describe the phase change.

[0021] Specifically, according to the S parameter S of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit 21 Fit the τ(m,n) model to obtain the quantitative characteristic parameters of the electromagnetic properties.

[0022] Step 210, construct a unit antenna model and determine the array combination method according to the target operating frequency band and beam scanning range of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system.

[0023] Optionally, the determination of the target operating frequency band and beam scanning range of the phased array combined with the transmission-type intelligent metasurface system refers to setting the system operating frequency f ris ,The target beam scanning range determines the distance that the edge unit of the phased array offsets the transmissive smart metasurface, which in turn determines the arrangement of the phased array units.

[0024] Optionally, the selection of the phased array unit and the array combination mode refers to determining the arrangement of the phased array units according to the target beam. Specifically, the arrangement of the phased array units is set to a rectangular array with P rows, Q columns, and a unit spacing Δ P .

[0025] Optionally, the constructed unit antenna model is an electromagnetic propagation model of a phased array combined with a transmissive smart metasurface system. In the proposed channel propagation model, the electric field excited by the electromagnetic waves emitted by the phased array unit antenna to each transmissive metasurface unit can be expressed as:

[0026]

[0027] in, is the wave number in free space, r is the distance from the initial point of the equivalent phase of each phased array unit to each metasurface unit, cos qE (θ) and cos qH (θ) is used to describe the radiation pattern of a specific phased array element.

[0028] Step 220, deploy the phased array combined with the position of the transmissive smart metasurface system to obtain a set of channel information from the feed end to the transmissive smart metasurface end.

[0029] Optionally, the position of deploying the phased array combined with the transmissive smart metasurface refers to the transmissive smart metasurface information and the phased array information set according to step 200 and step 210, and the connection status of the entire system can be judged, that is, the position data of the phased array combined with the transmissive smart metasurface system is constructed in space, specifically including:

[0030] Based on the design of the transmissive smart metasurface array, the transmissive smart metasurface is set in the xoy plane, with m rows and n columns. The position vector r of each high-transmittance phase modulation unit is calculated. mn ;

[0031] Based on the design of the focal position of the transmissive smart metasurface, the axial distance h between the phased array end and the transmissive smart metasurface is set, and the center position coordinates are (0,0,h). The position vector r of each high-phased array unit antenna is calculated according to the arrangement of the phased array unit antenna. pq ;

[0032] Based on the geometric relationship, the transmission path distance r from the initial point of the equivalent phase of each phased array unit to each metasurface unit is calculated;

[0033] Step 230, obtaining a phased array combined with a transmissive intelligent metasurface system model according to the array factor synthesis principle, and calculating the system beam gain.

[0034] Optionally, the array factor synthesis principle refers to the directional pattern function of a multi-element transmissive intelligent metasurface, whose directional pattern function is equal to the unit factor multiplied by the array factor. The array factor and the unit factor can independently determine a radiation characteristic of the array antenna, and they do not interfere with each other.

[0035] Specifically, the unit factor is determined only by the form and direction of the constituent units. It represents the radiation pattern of the unit and has nothing to do with the composition of the antenna array. Therefore, the unit factor can be regarded as a normalized pattern function of a high-transmittance phase-modulated unit, expressed as:

[0036]

[0037] k x =k 0 sinθcosφ

[0038] k y =k 0 sinθsinφ

[0039] Specifically, the array factor depends only on the arrangement of the array, the unit spacing, the amplitude and phase of the unit distributed current, and has nothing to do with the form and direction of the unit. The array factor of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system is composed of two parts:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, FA_lens pq and FA_spill pq They represent the array factor of the transmissive smart metasurface array and the array factor of the overflow area respectively, and u(m,n) is the judgment condition of the overflow area.

[0042] Optionally, the gain of the phased array end combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system is calculated as follows:

[0043]

[0044] Step 240, introduce phased array excitation parameter coding, take maximizing the system beam gain as the goal orientation, and use the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the phased array excitation parameter configuration that optimizes the beam of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system, so as to achieve system benefit optimization and improvement.

[0045] Optionally, the introduction of phased array excitation parameter coding refers to setting the excitation of the (p, q)th port to The corresponding electric field value is Phased array excitation parameter encoding is the amplitude and phase parameter configuration (c_am pq ,c_ph pq )combination.

[0046] Optionally, the phased array excitation parameter configuration that optimizes the beam of the phased array combined with the transmission-type intelligent metasurface system by using the particle swarm optimization algorithm with the goal of maximizing the system beam gain refers to the phased array excitation parameter coding (c_am pq ,c_ph pq ), and the maximum beam gain value Dall of the phased array combined with the transmission-type intelligent metasurface system is obtained, and Dall is used as the objective function, (c_am pq ,c_ph pq) is used to perform particle swarm optimization on the parameters and output the optimal phased array excitation parameters.

[0047] Beneficial Effects

[0048] The present invention proposes a beam scanning method and device for a phased array-assisted transmissive metasurface, establishes an electromagnetic propagation model of a phased array combined with a transmissive intelligent metasurface system, takes into account the electromagnetic characteristics of the high-transmittance phase-modulating unit of the transmissive intelligent metasurface and improves the universality of the model, and provides a phased array amplitude-phase excitation parameter encoding optimization algorithm under the proposed electromagnetic propagation model. Taking the maximization of the system beam gain as the objective function, the phased array excitation parameters are encoded by a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the matching degree between the phased array excitation phase and the preset phase of the transmissive intelligent metasurface is improved in the iterative process, thereby achieving further improvement of the beam gain and reduction of the scanning loss of the multi-feed combined transmissive intelligent metasurface system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to clearly explain the technical steps of the present invention, all the drawings used in the description of the present invention are briefly described below. It should be noted that the drawings described below are only some examples of the implementation of the present invention, and other ordinary technicians in this field can still obtain other drawings under other different settings based on these drawings.

[0050] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a phased array combined with a transmissive intelligent metasurface system of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the spatial position of modeling of the phased array combined with the transmission-type intelligent metasurface system of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the algorithm implementation of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 It is a coding diagram of the excitation parameter configuration of the phased array unit with the target beam deflection angle of 0°;

[0054] Figure 5 It is a coding diagram of the phased array unit excitation parameter configuration with the target beam deflection angle of -5°;

[0055] Figure 6 It is a coding diagram of the phased array unit excitation parameter configuration with a target beam deflection angle of 5°;

[0056] Figure 7 It is a coding diagram of the phased array unit excitation parameter configuration with the target beam deflection angle of -10°;

[0057] Figure 8 It is a coding diagram of the excitation parameter configuration of the phased array unit with a target beam deflection angle of 10°;

[0058] Fig. 9 It is the beam scanning diagram of the system beam after the excitation parameters of the phased array unit are configured; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to clarify the purpose, implementation scheme and technical advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] The following content, combined with the drawings in this application, provides a complete and clear description of the steps and processes of the present invention. It is obvious that the specific embodiment of the present invention is only an example application scenario of the present invention, and other results based on the content of the present invention without making substantial changes all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0061] The present invention proposes a phased array-assisted transmission metasurface beam scanning method and device. The system structure of this case is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, the attached figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a phased array combined with a transmissive intelligent metasurface system.

[0062] Specifically, the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system is divided into a transmissive metasurface end, a phased array end and a phased array numerical control end. Both the transmissive intelligent metasurface end and the phased array end are two-dimensional planar array structures. The plane of the phased array end is always parallel to the transmissive intelligent metasurface end, ensuring that the phased array end provides phase-matched feed excitation according to the array surface design of the transmissive intelligent metasurface.

[0063] The schematic diagram of the modeling space position of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system in this case is shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown, attached Figure 2 The basic elements of the present invention and some parameters used in subsequent specific implementations are shown. We use a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system and focus on observing the profile data of the phased array combined with a transmission-type intelligent metasurface system in this example scenario.

[0064] Specifically, the appendix to this case Figure 2 The parameters are defined as follows:

[0065] O is the preset focus according to the arrangement design of the transmissive intelligent metasurface array;

[0066] f ris The focal length is preset according to the arrangement of the transmissive intelligent metasurface array;

[0067] h is the cross-sectional height from the equivalent phase point of the phased array end unit to the transmissive smart metasurface;

[0068] D PAA is the aperture size of the phased array end;

[0069] D RIS is the aperture size of the transmissive smart metasurface;

[0070] Δ P is the spacing of the phased array end unit antennas;

[0071] Δ s is the spacing of the high-transmittance phase modulation units of the transmissive smart metasurface;

[0072] Attachment to this case Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of a phased array-assisted transmission metasurface beam scanning method and device provided by the present invention includes:

[0073] Step 200, constructing a high-transmittance transmissive smart metasurface, and fitting a complex transmission coefficient according to the electromagnetic characteristics of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit;

[0074] Step 210, constructing a unit antenna model and determining an array combination method according to the target operating frequency band and beam scanning range of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system;

[0075] Step 220, deploying the phased array combined with the position of the transmissive smart metasurface system to obtain a channel information set from the feed end to the transmissive smart metasurface end;

[0076] Step 230, obtaining a phased array combined with a transmissive intelligent metasurface system model according to the array factor synthesis principle, and calculating the system beam gain;

[0077] Step 240, introduce phased array excitation parameter coding, take maximizing the system beam gain as the goal orientation, and use the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the phased array excitation parameter configuration that optimizes the beam of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system, so as to achieve system benefit optimization and improvement.

[0078] In a specific embodiment, step 200, constructing a high-transmittance transmissive smart metasurface, and fitting a complex transmission coefficient according to the electromagnetic characteristics of a high-transmittance phase modulation unit, specifically includes:

[0079] Step 300, design a high-transmittance phase-modulation unit structure and determine the unit spacing to be Δ s = 10 mm, and the coordinates (x mn ,y mn ,z mn ), the electromagnetic simulation of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit is performed to obtain the S parameters, and the S parameters are fitted with τ(m,n) through the function fitting algorithm. The τ(m,n) model is:

[0080] Step 310, design a transmissive smart metasurface array, set the number of rows to M = 16, the number of columns to N = 16, determine the preset focal position of the transmissive smart metasurface, and obtain the focal length f ris =80mm and the aperture size D of the transmissive smart metasurface RIS =160mm.

[0081] In a specific embodiment, step 210, based on the target operating frequency band and beam scanning range of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system, constructs a unit antenna model and determines an array combination method, specifically including:

[0082] Step 400, setting the system operating frequency f based on the antenna and the transmissive functional metasurface operating frequency ris =10GHz, according to the operating frequency f ris Calculating free-space beams

[0083] Step 410, set the system beam scanning range to -10° to 10°, and design the phased array unit arrangement mode to be a two-dimensional planar rectangular array, with the number of rows P = 4, the number of columns Q = 4, and the unit spacing Δ P =15mm, which meets the principle of building a phased array with half-wavelength spacing;

[0084] Step 420, construct a unit antenna model to determine the radiation model cos used to describe a specific phased array unit qE (θ) and cos qH (θ);

[0085] Step 430, in the proposed channel propagation model, the electric field excited by the electromagnetic waves emitted by the phased array unit antenna to each transmissive metasurface unit can be expressed as:

[0086]

[0087] In a specific embodiment, step 220, deploying the phased array combined with the position of the transmissive smart metasurface system to obtain a set of channel information from the feed end to the transmissive smart metasurface end, specifically includes:

[0088] Step 500, deploy the position of the transmissive smart metasurface. We set z in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. mn = 0mm, that is, the transmissive smart metasurface array is in the xoy plane of the coordinate system, and the center position of the transmissive smart metasurface is set at the origin. According to the geometric relationship, the coordinates (x mn ,y mn ,z mn ),get:

[0089]

[0090] r mn =(x nm ,y nm ,z nm )

[0091] Step 510, deploy the phased array position, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2, we set the distance between the phased array and the transmissive smart metasurface to be h = 50 mm in the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, and set the center position of the phased array at the origin. According to the geometric relationship, the coordinates (x pq ,y pq ,z pq ),get:

[0092]

[0093] z=-50mm

[0094] mn

[0095] r pq =(x pq ,y pq ,z pq )

[0096] Step 520: Obtain the position vector r of the initial point of the equivalent phase of each phased array element according to the geometric relationship. pq , and obtain the position vector r of each high-transmittance phase modulation unit mn , and then the distance from the initial point of the equivalent phase of each phased array unit to each metasurface unit is r = |r mn -r pq |;

[0097] Step 530: Considering the electromagnetic radiation spillover effect of the phased array, an spillover area is deployed on the plane where the transmissive smart metasurface is located, and the unit spacing of the spillover area is set to Δ sp =10mm, row and column setting M sp =24, N sp =24, to distinguish the array factor of the overflow area and the transmissive smart metasurface area, set the discrimination condition u(m,n), u(m,n)=0 in the transmissive smart metasurface area, and u(m,n)=1 in the overflow area;

[0098] In a specific embodiment, step 230, according to the array factor synthesis principle, obtains a phased array combined with a transmissive intelligent metasurface system model, and calculates the system beam gain, specifically including:

[0099] Step 600, obtaining the array factors of the overflow area and the transmissive smart metasurface area according to the array factor synthesis principle:

[0100]

[0101] In step 610, the high-transmittance phase modulation unit is modeled as an isotropic punctual source with equal distances between the x-axis and the y-axis, and a normalized pattern function of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit is set, which is expressed as:

[0102]

[0103] k x =k 0 sinθcosφ

[0104] k y =k 0 sinθsinφ

[0105] Step 620, the gain of the phased array end combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system is calculated as follows:

[0106]

[0107] In a specific embodiment, step 240 introduces phased array excitation parameter coding, takes system beam gain maximization as the goal orientation, and uses a particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain a phased array excitation parameter configuration that optimizes the beam of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system, so as to achieve system benefit optimization and improvement, specifically including:

[0108] Step 700, setting the excitation of the (p, q)th phased array unit antenna port to The corresponding electric field value is Phased array excitation parameter encoding is the amplitude and phase parameter configuration (c_am pq ,c_ph pq ) combination, with the goal of maximizing the system beam gain, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to obtain the phased array excitation parameter encoding (c_am pq ,c_ph pq ), and output the optimal phased array excitation parameters.

[0109] The phased array excitation parameter encoding of this case is shown in the attached Figure 4 , 5 , 6, 7, and 8, the accompanying drawings show the phased array parameter settings of the phased array combined with the transmissive intelligent metasurface system under different deflection angle settings of the target beam in a specific case.

[0110] The electromagnetic simulation beam scanning diagram of the system after the phased array parameter configuration encoding in this case is shown in the attached figure. Fig. 9 It can be seen that after the phased array is matched with the transmissive smart metasurface, the system achieves a reduction in beam scanning loss, and the main lobe gain of the system with a beam range of 20° is only reduced by about 0.4dB.

Claims

1. The present invention proposes a phased array assisted transmission metasurface beam scanning method and device, characterized in that: include: Construct a high-transmittance transmissive metasurface and fit the complex transmission coefficient according to the electromagnetic characteristics of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit; Confirm the target operating frequency band and beam scanning range of the phased array combined with transmission metasurface system beam optimization, select the phased array unit and array combination, and construct the unit antenna model at the same time; deploy the position of the phased array combined with transmission metasurface system to obtain the position information set from the feed end to the transmission metasurface end; obtain the phased array combined with transmission metasurface system model according to the array factor synthesis principle, and calculate the system beam gain; introduce phased array excitation parameter coding, take the maximization of system beam gain as the goal orientation, and use the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the phased array excitation parameter configuration that optimizes the beam of the phased array combined with transmission metasurface system, so as to achieve system benefit optimization and improvement.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of constructing a high-transmittance transmission metasurface and fitting a complex transmission coefficient according to the electromagnetic characteristics of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit specifically includes: Based on the high-transmittance phase-modulation unit structure, the unit spacing Δ s , and then obtain the coordinates of each high-transmittance phase modulation unit in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system; Based on the S parameters obtained by electromagnetic simulation of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit, the S parameters and complex The fitting of Based on the transmission metasurface array arrangement, the number of array rows is M and the number of columns is N; Based on the transmissive metasurface array arrangement, the preset focal position of the transmissive metasurface is determined to obtain the focal length f ris and the aperture size D of the transmission metasurface end RIS .

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of confirming the target operating frequency band and beam scanning range of the phased array combined with the transmission metasurface system, selecting the phased array unit and array combination mode, and constructing the unit antenna model specifically includes: Based on the antenna and the transmissive functional metasurface working frequency setting, the working frequency f is obtained. ris and free space beam k0; Based on the target beam scanning range, the distance of the phased array edge unit offset from the transmission metasurface is determined, and then the phased array unit and array combination method is obtained. The phased array unit arrangement method is determined to be a rectangular array with P rows, Q columns, and a unit spacing Δ P ; The electromagnetic propagation model of the phased array combined with the transmissive metasurface system is established. In the proposed channel propagation model, the electric field excited by the electromagnetic waves emitted by the phased array unit antenna to each transmissive metasurface unit can be expressed as: Where r is the distance from the initial point of the equivalent phase of each phased array unit to each metasurface unit, cos qE (θ) and cos qH (θ) is used to describe the radiation pattern of a specific phased array element.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phased array is deployed in combination with the position of the transmission metasurface system to obtain a set of position information from the feed end to the transmission metasurface end, specifically including: Based on the known transmissive metasurface information and phased array information set, the connection status of the entire system can be determined, that is, the position data of the phased array combined with the transmissive metasurface system constructed in space can be obtained.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The obtaining of the position data of constructing the phased array combined with the transmission metasurface system in space specifically includes: The location where the transmissive metasurface is deployed is set as z in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. mn According to the geometric relationship, the coordinates (x mn ,y mn ,z mn ), and then the position vector r of each high-transmittance phase modulation unit to the origin is obtained mn ; The position of the phased array is deployed, and the distance h between the phased array and the transmission metasurface is set in the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. According to the geometric relationship, the coordinates (x pq ,y pq ,z pq ), and obtain the position vector r of each high-speed phased array unit antenna pq ; According to the geometric relationship, the distance from the initial point of the equivalent phase of each phased array unit to each metasurface unit is obtained as r = |r mn -r pq |; Considering the electromagnetic radiation spillover effect of the phased array, the spillover area is deployed on the plane where the transmission metasurface is located, and the unit spacing of the spillover area is set to Δ sp , row and column settings M sp , N sp In order to distinguish the array factors of the overflow area and the transmission metasurface area, the discrimination condition u(m,n) is set. In the transmission metasurface area, u(m,n)=0, and in the overflow area, u(m,n)=1.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The phased array combined with the transmission metasurface system model is obtained according to the array factor synthesis principle, and the system beam gain is calculated, which specifically includes: According to the principle of array factor synthesis, the array factors of the overflow area and the transmission metasurface area are obtained: The high-transmittance phase modulation unit is modeled as an isotropic punctual source, and the normalized pattern function of the high-transmittance phase modulation unit is set, which is expressed as: to x =k0 sinθcosφ k y =k0 sinθsinφ The gain of the phased array combined with the transmission metasurface system is calculated as follows:

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The phased array excitation parameter encoding is introduced, with the system beam gain maximization as the goal orientation, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to obtain the phased array excitation parameter configuration that optimizes the phased array combined with the transmission metasurface system beam, so as to achieve system benefit optimization and improvement, specifically including: Set the excitation of the (p,q)th phased array element antenna port to The corresponding electric field value is Phased array excitation parameter encoding is the amplitude and phase parameter configuration (c_am pq ,c_ph pq ) combination, with the goal of maximizing the system beam gain, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to obtain the phased array excitation parameter encoding (c_am pq ,c_ph pq ), and output the optimal phased array excitation parameters.

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