Battery pack and energy storage system

Abstract

The invention provides a battery pack and an energy storage system. The energy storage system comprises a metal cabinet, a plurality of circuit protectors and a plurality of battery packs connected in series. The plurality of battery packs and the plurality of circuit protectors are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner. And each battery pack is mounted in a metal cabinet. And each battery pack is in insulated contact with the metal cabinet, so that the fault battery pack can be prevented from being in direct short-circuit connection with the metal cabinet when the battery packs and the metal cabinet are in insulation failure. And the battery pack and the metal cabinet are connected in series through the corresponding circuit protectors. When insulation failure occurs, the electrical core, the metal shell and the circuit protector of the fault battery pack are in short-circuit connection with the metal cabinet, and short-circuit current can electrically break down or break off the circuit protector, so that the electrical connection between the electrical core and the metal cabinet is disconnected, effective protection is provided when insulation failure occurs in the energy storage system, and the safety of the energy storage system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a battery pack and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] The energy storage system is used to store and supply electrical energy. Specifically, the energy storage system generally includes an energy storage cabinet, a power distribution device, a direct current-direct current (DC-DC), a power conversion system (PCS), etc. Among them, the energy storage cabinet includes a metal cabinet, and a plurality of battery packs located in the metal cabinet, and these battery packs are connected in series to form a high-voltage system. Each battery pack specifically includes a metal shell, and a battery cell located in the metal shell. The surface of the battery cell is usually coated with an insulating film to prevent the battery cell from being physically damaged by scratches, impacts, etc. during battery assembly and transportation, and to prevent the leakage of chemical substances in the battery cell to ensure the safe use of the battery pack.

[0003] The battery pack may have problems such as leakage, foreign matter or improper design, which may cause the insulation film between the battery cell and the metal shell to fail, resulting in a short circuit between the battery cell and the metal shell. Considering safety, the exposed metal shell needs to be grounded to the metal cabinet. However, in the energy storage cabinet, a battery pack may have the above problem, causing the battery cell of the battery pack to be short-circuited to the metal cabinet, resulting in a single-point insulation failure; and / or, two battery packs may have the above problem, causing the battery cells of the two battery packs to be short-circuited to the metal cabinet respectively, thereby causing a double-point insulation failure between the two battery packs and one or more battery packs connected in series between the two battery packs and the metal cabinet. The above-mentioned single-point insulation failure and double-point insulation failure provide an abnormal circuit between the battery cell and the metal cabinet, which can cause a partial or complete external short circuit of the battery packs in the energy storage system, causing damage to the energy storage system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a battery pack and an energy storage system, so that when a short circuit occurs in the grounding circuit between the bare metal shell of the battery pack and the metal cabinet, the circuit protector can disconnect the electrical connection between the metal shell and the metal cabinet, thereby providing effective protection when the insulation of the energy storage system fails and improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an energy storage system. The energy storage system includes a metal cabinet, a plurality of circuit protectors, a plurality of battery packs connected in series, and a power converter. The power converter can be used to convert the input alternating current into direct current and output it to the aforementioned plurality of battery packs, or to convert the direct current output by the aforementioned plurality of battery packs into alternating current and output it to a load or a power grid. The aforementioned plurality of battery packs are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the aforementioned plurality of circuit protectors. Each of the aforementioned plurality of battery packs is installed in a metal cabinet, and each battery pack is insulated from contact with the metal cabinet. Each of the aforementioned plurality of circuit protectors is connected in series between the corresponding battery pack and the metal cabinet. Each circuit protector is used to disconnect the electrical connection between the corresponding battery pack and the metal cabinet when the corresponding battery pack is short-circuited with the metal cabinet. In the energy storage system of the present application, the metal shell of the battery pack is exposed to the environment. For safety reasons, the exposed metal shell of the battery pack needs to be grounded to the metal cabinet. When a short circuit occurs between the battery cell and the metal shell of the battery pack, the battery cell is short-circuited to the metal cabinet through the metal shell. The short-circuit current can be electrically broken down or disconnected when passing through the circuit protector to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery cell and the metal cabinet, thereby providing effective protection when the insulation of the energy storage system fails and improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0006] The location of the circuit protector in the energy storage system is not limited. In one technical solution, the circuit protector may be located inside the battery pack. Specifically, each battery pack may include a metal shell, and the circuit protector corresponding to each battery pack may be located inside the metal shell of the battery pack. One end of the corresponding circuit protector is connected to the metal shell, and the other end of the corresponding circuit protector extends out of the metal shell and is connected to the metal cabinet. After the battery pack is installed in the metal cabinet, the circuit protector may be connected to the metal cabinet, so that the metal shell, the circuit protector, and the metal cabinet are connected in series in sequence. In addition, the circuit protector is located inside the battery pack, and the metal shell may also be used as a protective shell for the circuit protector to avoid touching the circuit protector due to misoperation.

[0007] Each battery pack may also include a battery cell and a battery monitoring unit, and the circuit protector is placed together with the battery monitoring unit in the battery pack. Specifically, a partition is provided in the metal shell, and the partition separates the metal shell into a first chamber and a second chamber. The battery cell is contained in the first chamber, and the battery monitoring unit and the corresponding circuit protector are contained in the second chamber. The circuit protector and the battery cell are arranged in different chambers, which can realize electrical isolation between the circuit protector and the battery cell. The metal shell is provided with a through hole, and the above-mentioned other end of the corresponding circuit protector passes through the through hole and is connected to the metal cabinet.

[0008] An outer surface of the metal shell in contact with the metal cabinet is provided with an insulating layer, thereby preventing the exposed metal shell from being directly electrically connected to the metal cabinet.

[0009] The above-mentioned circuit protector can also be independently arranged relative to the battery pack. Specifically, each circuit protector is fixed to a metal cabinet. Each circuit protector is covered with a protective shell, and the protective shell is provided with an opening. Each battery pack may include a metal shell. One end of the circuit protector is connected to the metal cabinet, and the other end of the circuit protector passes through the opening and is connected to the metal shell. In this technical solution, the circuit protector is installed in the metal cabinet, and when the battery pack is installed in the metal cabinet, the other end of the circuit protector extending out of the protective shell is connected to the metal shell, so that the metal shell, the circuit protector and the metal cabinet are connected in series in sequence. Among them, the protective shell is used to cover the outside of the circuit protector to avoid touching the circuit protector due to misoperation.

[0010] The position of the circuit protector in the metal cabinet is not limited. For example, in one technical solution, the metal cabinet includes a bottom plate and a top plate arranged opposite to each other along the height direction of the metal cabinet, and four side plates connected in sequence, the four side plates are connected between the bottom plate and the top plate, and the bottom plate, the top plate and the four side plates enclose the metal cabinet. The four side plates include a first side plate and a second side plate arranged opposite to each other along the width direction of the metal cabinet, and each circuit protector is fixed to the first side plate or the second side plate.

[0011] The metal cabinet is provided with a metal bracket extending in the height direction of the metal cabinet. The metal bracket has a plurality of mounting layers, and each of the plurality of mounting layers is used to place a battery pack. The bottom surface and part of the side surface of the metal cabinet are provided with an insulating layer. The bottom surface and part of the side surface provided with the insulating layer are respectively in contact with the metal bracket. The above-mentioned one end of each circuit protector is connected to the metal bracket. In this technical solution, the connection between the circuit protector and the metal bracket can realize a single-point connection between the metal shell and the metal cabinet, and the structural design is simple and easy to install.

[0012] The corresponding bracket is provided with a mounting hole, and each circuit protector is provided with a fixing hole. The metal cabinet further includes a fastener. The fastener can be threadedly connected in the mounting hole and the fixing hole. In this way, the circuit protector and the metal cabinet can be fixedly connected and electrically connected by fasteners such as bolts, studs and screws.

[0013] The circuit protector of the present application can be broken down by current or power interrupted. Specifically, the plurality of circuit protectors include at least one of a resistor, a fuse or an air circuit breaker.

[0014] In the second aspect, the present application also provides a battery pack. The battery pack specifically includes a metal shell, a battery cell and a circuit protector. The battery cell and the circuit protector are contained in the metal shell, one end of the circuit protector is connected to the metal shell, and the other end of the circuit protector extends out of the metal shell and is used to connect to the metal cabinet of the energy storage system. The circuit protector is used to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery pack and the metal cabinet when the battery pack and the metal cabinet are short-circuited. The outer surface of the metal shell used to contact the metal cabinet is provided with an insulating layer. The metal shell of the battery pack is exposed to the environment. When the battery pack is placed in the metal cabinet of the energy storage system, for safety, the exposed metal shell needs to be grounded and connected to the metal cabinet. When a short circuit occurs between the battery cell and the metal of the battery pack, the battery cell is short-circuited to the metal cabinet through the metal shell, and the short-circuit current can be electrically broken down or disconnected when passing through the circuit protector to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery cell and the metal cabinet, thereby providing effective protection when the insulation of the energy storage system fails and improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0015] The battery pack may further include a battery monitoring unit. A partition is provided in the metal shell, which divides the metal shell into a first chamber and a second chamber. The battery cell is contained in the first chamber, and the battery monitoring unit and the circuit protector are contained in the second chamber. The circuit protector and the battery cell are arranged in different chambers, so that the circuit protector and the battery cell can be electrically isolated. The metal shell is provided with a through hole, one end of the circuit protector is connected to the metal shell, and the other end of the circuit protector passes through the through hole and is used to connect to the metal cabinet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 Another schematic diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 Another schematic diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 7 A partial schematic diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Fig. 9 Another partial schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Fig.10 Another partial schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Fig.11 Another partial schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig.12 Another partial schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 10-Power supply system

[0030] 11-Busbar

[0031] 12-Insulation failure detector

[0032] 20-Energy Storage System

[0033] 21-Metal cabinet

[0034] 22-Battery Pack

[0035] 23-Cluster Control Box

[0036] 24-Circuit protector

[0037] 211-Installation layer

[0038] 212-base plate

[0039] 213-Top plate

[0040] 214-First side panel

[0041] 215-Second side panel

[0042] 221-Metal Shell

[0043] 222-Insulation layer

[0044] 223-Battery Cell

[0045] 224-Battery Monitoring Unit

[0046] 225-Partition

[0047] 226-Fastener

[0048] 221a-First chamber

[0049] 221b-Second Chamber DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0051] It should be noted that the terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of the present application, the singular expressions "a", "an", "said", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless there is a clear indication to the contrary in the context.

[0052] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear at different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0053] In addition, in this article, directional terms such as "top", "bottom", "upper" and "lower" are defined relative to the orientation of the structure schematically placed in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they can change accordingly according to the change of the orientation of the structure.

[0054] In order to facilitate understanding of the battery pack and energy storage system provided in the embodiments of the present application, the following describes its application scenarios. The energy storage system of the present application can be applied to household energy storage, industrial and commercial energy storage, or power station energy storage and power supply systems. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment, the energy storage system 20 can be applied to the power supply system 10. The energy storage system 20 may specifically include a metal cabinet 21 and a power converter. The metal cabinet 21 contains a plurality of battery packs. The power converter is used to convert the input AC power into DC power and output it to the battery pack, and / or, the power converter is used to convert the DC power output by the battery pack into AC power and output it to the load or the power grid. For example, when powering important loads such as the core server of the data center, a UPS is usually provided. When the data center is working normally, the electric energy input by the city power passes through the substation, and the electric energy is transmitted to the UPS, and is provided to the load after voltage stabilization by the UPS. At the same time, the UPS can also charge the battery pack in the energy storage system 20. When the normal power supply is cut off, within a certain period of time, the UPS can control the battery pack in the energy storage system 20 to provide power to the load to maintain the operation of the load. In another embodiment, the power supply system 10 may be provided with a PCS. The PCS may be connected to the energy storage system 20. The PCS is used to control the charging and discharging process of the battery pack of the energy storage system 20 to realize the mutual conversion between DC power and AC power.

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of battery packs 22 are placed in the metal cabinet 21. In addition, modules such as a cluster control box 23 and a DC-DC converter may also be provided in the energy storage system 20. The cluster control box 23 is used to manage and control the charging and discharging of the aforementioned plurality of battery packs 22. The cluster control box 23 can boost the voltage of the input battery pack 22 to achieve power conversion, thereby increasing or decreasing the output voltage of the energy storage system 20. In addition, the cluster control box 23 can also be used for leakage current detection, active functional safety shutdown, single cluster short-circuit high current passive safety protection, and signal aggregation of the battery pack 22. The DC-DC converter is used to perform power conversion on the electric energy output by the battery pack 22 to change the output voltage, thereby achieving constant power discharge.

[0056] In the energy storage system, the battery pack specifically includes a metal shell and a battery cell. An insulating film is provided on the surface of the battery cell. The insulating film can not only protect the battery cell, but also insulate and isolate the battery cell from the metal shell. However, the battery pack may fail to insulate between the battery cell and the metal shell due to leakage, foreign matter or improper design. Therefore, when the battery pack fails, the insulation between the battery cell and the metal shell fails, causing the battery cell to be short-circuited to the metal cabinet, causing insulation failure of the energy storage system. The insulation failure generates an abnormal circuit between the battery cell and the metal cabinet, which can cause a partial or complete external short circuit of the battery pack in the energy storage system, causing damage to the energy storage system.

[0057] In view of this, the present application provides a battery pack and an energy storage system, so that when a short circuit occurs in the grounding circuit between the exposed metal shell of the battery pack and the metal cabinet, the circuit protector can disconnect the electrical connection between the metal shell and the metal cabinet, thereby providing effective protection when the insulation of the energy storage system fails and improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0058] Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage system 10 can be connected to the bus 11. In one embodiment, the bus 11 can include a live wire and a neutral wire. In this embodiment, the energy storage system 20 may have a double-point insulation failure. That is, the cells of any two battery packs 22 of the above-mentioned multiple battery packs 22 may be short-circuited with the metal cabinet 21 respectively, resulting in the cells of the two battery packs 22, the cells of the battery pack 22 connected in series between the two battery packs 22, and the metal cabinet 21 forming a loop. Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, in another embodiment, the busbar 11 may include a live wire, a neutral wire, and a ground wire. In this embodiment, in addition to the possibility of double-point insulation failure, the energy storage system 20 may also have a single-point insulation failure. That is, the battery cells of any of the multiple battery packs 22 may be short-circuited with the metal cabinet 21, causing the battery cells of the battery pack 22 and the metal cabinet 21 to form a loop through the live wire and the ground wire.

[0059] Figure 5 Another schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 6 Another schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the energy storage system 10 may also include an insulation failure detector 12, which is connected between the bus 11 and the energy storage system 20. The insulation failure detector 12 is used to automatically or manually disconnect the bus 11 and the energy storage system 20 when the insulation failure of the energy storage system 20 is detected, so as to further improve the safety of the energy storage system 10. The insulation failure detector 12 may specifically include a residual current action protector or a resistance insulation failure detector. The RCD adopts the principle of magnetic balance and reflects the leakage current by detecting the sum of the positive current and the negative current of the battery pack 22 in real time. When the leakage current is greater than the set threshold, the RCD can issue a warning to disconnect the connection between the energy storage system 20 and the bus 11 in time. In addition, when an impedance network is added between the bus 11, the voltage of the bus 11 to the ground can be detected by adjusting the impedance change to determine whether the energy storage system 20 has insulation failure.

[0060] like Figures 3 to 6As shown, a plurality of circuit protectors 24 are also provided in the metal cabinet 21. The metal cabinet 21 accommodates at least one battery cluster, and each battery cluster includes a plurality of battery packs 22 connected in series. In the metal cabinet 21, the number of battery packs 22 is equal to the number of circuit protectors 24 and is arranged one-to-one. Each battery pack 22 is installed in the metal cabinet 21, and each battery pack 22 is insulated from contact with the metal cabinet 21. Each battery pack 22 and the metal cabinet 21 are connected in series through a corresponding circuit protector 24. In the energy storage system 20 of this embodiment, the insulating contact between the battery pack 22 and the metal cabinet 21 can prevent the faulty battery pack 22 from being directly short-circuited with the metal cabinet 21 when insulation failure occurs. The battery pack 22 is connected in series with the metal cabinet 21 through the circuit protector 24. Therefore, when insulation failure occurs, the faulty battery pack 22, the circuit protector 24 and the metal cabinet 21 are short-circuited, and the short-circuit current can electrically break down or disconnect the circuit protector 24, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the faulty battery pack 22 and the metal cabinet 21, preventing the energy storage system 10 from overheating or even exploding or burning. In this way, the circuit protector 24 provides effective protection when the insulation of the energy storage system 20 fails, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage system 20.

[0061] Figure 7 A partial schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, each battery pack 22 may include a metal shell 221, and the circuit protector 24 corresponding to the battery pack 22 may be located in the metal shell 221 of the battery pack 22. One end of the circuit protector 24 is connected to the metal shell 221, and the other end of the circuit protector 24 is connected to the metal cabinet 21. In the process of installing the battery pack 22 in the metal cabinet 21, the circuit protector 24 can be directly connected to the metal cabinet 21, so that the metal shell 221, the circuit protector 24 and the metal cabinet 21 are connected in series in sequence. When insulation failure occurs, the metal shell 221, the circuit protector 24 and the metal cabinet 21 form a protection circuit.

[0062] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8As shown, the battery pack 22 may also include a battery cell 223 and a battery monitoring unit (BMU) 224, and the circuit protector 24 is placed together with the battery monitoring unit 224 in the battery pack 22. Specifically, a partition 225 is provided in the metal shell 221, and the partition 225 separates the metal shell 221 into a first chamber 221a and a second chamber 221b. The battery cell 223 is accommodated in the first chamber 221a, and the battery monitoring unit 224 and the corresponding circuit protector 24 are accommodated in the second chamber 221b. The metal shell 221 is provided with a through hole, and the above-mentioned other end of the corresponding circuit protector 24 passes through the through hole and is connected to the metal cabinet 21. In this way, the circuit protector 24 and the battery cell 223 are arranged in different chambers, which can achieve electrical isolation of the circuit protector 24 and the battery cell 223.

[0063] Fig. 9 Another partial schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 As shown, the circuit protector 24 can also be independently arranged relative to the battery pack 22. Specifically, each battery pack 22 includes a metal shell 221, and the corresponding circuit protector 24 is installed in the metal cabinet 21, and the metal cabinet 21 and the metal shell 221 are connected in series through the corresponding circuit protector 24. In the process of installing the battery pack 22 in the metal cabinet 21, the circuit protector 24 can be directly connected to the metal shell 221, so that the metal shell 221, the circuit protector 24 and the metal cabinet 21 are connected in series in sequence. When insulation failure occurs, the metal shell 221, the circuit protector 24 and the metal cabinet 21 are short-circuited.

[0064] The circuit protector 24 is covered with a protective shell, and the protective shell is provided with an opening. One end of the circuit protector 24 is directly connected to the metal cabinet 21, and the other end of the circuit protector 24 passes through the opening and is connected to the metal shell 221. In this embodiment, the circuit protector 24 is installed in the metal cabinet 21. After the battery pack 22 is installed in the metal cabinet 21, the other end of the circuit protector 24 extending out of the protective shell is connected to the metal shell 221, so that the metal shell 221, the circuit protector 24 and the metal cabinet 21 are connected in series in sequence. Among them, the protective shell is used to cover the outside of the circuit protector 24 to prevent the circuit protector 24 from being touched due to misoperation.

[0065] A metal bracket is disposed in the metal cabinet 21, and the metal bracket extends along the height direction H of the metal cabinet 21. Figure 7 and Fig. 9As shown, the metal bracket includes a plurality of mounting layers 211 sequentially arranged along the height direction H of the metal cabinet 21, and the plurality of mounting layers 211 are arranged one by one corresponding to the plurality of battery packs 22. The battery pack 22 is placed on the corresponding mounting layer 211, one end of the circuit protector 24 is connected to the metal shell 221, and the other end of the circuit protector 24 is connected to the mounting layer 211 of the metal bracket, that is, the connection between the circuit protector 24 and the metal bracket is realized. In this embodiment, the connection between the circuit protector 24 and the metal bracket can realize the grounding connection and single-point connection between the battery pack 22 and the metal cabinet 21, and the structural design is simple and easy to install.

[0066] The metal cabinet 21 includes a bottom plate 212 and a top plate 213 which are arranged opposite to each other along a height direction H of the metal cabinet 21, and four side plates which are connected in sequence. The four side plates are connected between the bottom plate 212 and the top plate 213, and the bottom plate 212, the top plate 213 and the four side plates enclose the metal cabinet 21. The four side plates include a first side plate 214 and a second side plate 215 which are arranged opposite to each other along a width direction W of the metal cabinet 21, and each circuit protector is fixed to the first side plate 214 or the second side plate 215.

[0067] Fig.10 Another partial schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 As shown, the corresponding mounting layer 211 is provided with mounting holes, and each circuit protector 24 is provided with fixing holes. The metal cabinet 21 further includes fasteners 226. The fasteners 226 can be threadedly connected to the mounting holes and the fixing holes. In this way, the fasteners 226 such as bolts, studs and screws can realize both the fixed connection between the circuit protector 24 and the metal cabinet 21 and the electrical connection between the circuit protector 24 and the metal cabinet 21.

[0068] The battery pack 22 is insulated from the metal cabinet 21. Specifically, the outer surface of the metal shell 221 in contact with the metal cabinet 21 is provided with an insulating layer 222, and the insulating layer 222 can insulate the metal shell 221 from the metal cabinet 21. The insulating layer 222 may include an insulating coating or an insulating film, which is not limited in this application. Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown, in one embodiment, the insulating layer 222 only covers the surface of the metal shell 221 that contacts the mounting layer 211 , that is, the bottom surface and part of the side surface of the metal shell 221 are provided with the insulating layer 222 , and the bottom surface and part of the side surface provided with the insulating layer 222 are disconnected from the mounting layer 211 . Fig.11 Another partial schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application, Fig.12 Another partial schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.11 and Fig.12As shown, in another embodiment, the insulating layer 222 may be a U-shaped insulating layer, and the U-shaped insulating layer may cover the bottom surface and part of the side surface of the metal shell 221 at the same time.

[0069] The circuit protector 24 of the present application can be broken down by current or power disconnected. Specifically, the above-mentioned multiple circuit protectors 24 include at least one of a resistor, a fuse or an air circuit breaker. In the present application, the circuit protector 24 is a passive device. When the battery pack 22 is short-circuited with the metal cabinet 21, the short-circuit current flows through the circuit protector 24. When the circuit protector 24 is a resistor or a fuse, the short-circuit current is greater than the rated current of the resistor or the fuse, so that the resistor or the fuse is burned out, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the battery pack 22 and the metal cabinet 21. When the circuit protector 24 is an air circuit breaker, the short-circuit current is greater than the rated current of the air circuit breaker, so that the contacts of the air circuit breaker are separated, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the battery pack 22 and the metal cabinet 21.

[0070] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, characterized in that: It includes a metal cabinet, multiple circuit protectors, multiple battery packs connected in series, and a power converter, wherein: The power converter is used to convert the input AC power into DC power and output it to the multiple battery packs, or to convert the DC power output by the multiple battery packs into AC power and output it to a load or a power grid; The multiple battery packs are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple circuit protectors; each of the multiple battery packs is installed in the metal cabinet and is insulated from the metal cabinet, and each of the multiple circuit protectors is connected in series between the corresponding battery pack and the metal cabinet, and each circuit protector is used to disconnect the electrical connection between the corresponding battery pack and the metal cabinet when the corresponding battery pack and the metal cabinet are short-circuited.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each battery pack includes a metal shell, and the circuit protector corresponding to each battery pack is located in the metal shell; one end of the corresponding circuit protector is connected to the metal shell, and the other end of the corresponding circuit protector extends out of the metal shell and is connected to the metal cabinet.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each battery pack also includes a battery cell and a battery monitoring unit; a partition is provided in the metal shell, and the partition separates the metal shell into a first chamber and a second chamber, the battery cell is accommodated in the first chamber, and the battery monitoring unit and the corresponding circuit protector are accommodated in the second chamber; the metal shell is provided with a through hole, and the other end of the corresponding circuit protector passes through the through hole and is connected to the metal cabinet.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: An outer surface of the metal shell in contact with the metal cabinet is provided with an insulating layer.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each circuit protector is fixed to the metal cabinet, and each circuit protector is covered with a protective shell, and the protective shell is provided with an opening; each battery pack includes a metal shell; one end of each circuit protector is connected to the metal cabinet, and the other end of each circuit protector passes through the opening and is connected to the metal shell.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal cabinet includes a bottom plate and a top plate which are arranged opposite to each other along a height direction of the metal cabinet, and four side plates which are connected in sequence, wherein the four side plates are connected between the bottom plate and the top plate, and the bottom plate, the top plate and the four side plates enclose the metal cabinet; the four side plates include a first side plate and a second side plate which are arranged opposite to each other along a width direction of the metal cabinet, and each circuit protector is fixed to the first side plate or the second side plate.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A metal bracket extending in the height direction of the metal cabinet is provided in the metal cabinet, and the metal bracket has multiple mounting layers, and each of the multiple mounting layers is used to place one of the battery packs; an insulating layer is provided on the bottom surface and part of the side surfaces of the metal shell, and the bottom surface and part of the side surfaces provided with the insulating layer are respectively in contact with the metal bracket; one end of each circuit protector is connected to the metal bracket.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The corresponding bracket is provided with a mounting hole, each circuit protector is provided with a fixing hole, and the metal cabinet further comprises a fastener, and the fastener is threadedly connected in the mounting hole and the fixing hole.

9. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Each circuit protector is a resistor, a fuse or an air circuit breaker.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that: It includes a metal shell, a battery cell and a circuit protector, wherein: The battery cell and the circuit protector are accommodated in the metal shell, one end of the circuit protector is connected to the metal shell, and the other end of the circuit protector extends out of the metal shell and is used to be connected to the metal cabinet of the energy storage system, and the circuit protector is used to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery pack and the metal cabinet when the battery pack and the metal cabinet are short-circuited; The outer surface of the metal shell that is in contact with the metal cabinet is provided with an insulating layer.

11. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The battery pack also includes a battery monitoring unit; A partition is provided in the metal shell, and the partition divides the metal shell into a first chamber and a second chamber, the battery cell is accommodated in the first chamber, and the battery monitoring unit and the circuit protector are accommodated in the second chamber; The metal shell is provided with a through hole, one end of the circuit protector is connected to the metal shell, and the other end of the circuit protector passes through the through hole and is used to be connected to the metal cabinet.

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