An integrated photovoltaic power generation and energy storage management system for IoT smart homes

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of charge and discharge control technology, specifically to an integrated photovoltaic power generation and energy storage management system for an Internet of Things smart home. First, the equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit in the smart home analysis module constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation and aging compensation to correct the transient power, and obtain the compensated transient power of the smart home; the photovoltaic module power monitoring module constructs the photovoltaic module power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation; the energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the charge state of the energy storage device through basic estimation items and extended Kalman filter estimation items; the charge and discharge management module constructs an energy balance relationship based on the net power, photovoltaic module power and the total power of the smart home, and constructs a charge and discharge control formula based on the net power, the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage device and the charge state to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of charge and discharge control technology, and in particular to an integrated photovoltaic power generation and energy storage management system for an Internet of Things (IoT) smart home. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of IoT technology and the widespread adoption of smart homes, demand for home energy management is growing. Traditional home energy systems typically rely on grid power, which presents challenges such as high energy costs and high dependency. Meanwhile, photovoltaic power generation technology, as a clean and renewable energy solution, is becoming a key component of the smart home landscape. However, photovoltaic power generation is significantly affected by natural conditions such as weather and sunlight, resulting in unstable power generation. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate energy storage technology to achieve efficient energy utilization.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic power generation and energy storage systems typically operate independently, lacking intelligent management and optimization mechanisms. This results in low energy utilization and inefficient systems. Furthermore, the introduction of IoT technology offers new possibilities for energy management. Through sensors, communication modules, and intelligent algorithms, real-time monitoring and optimized scheduling of photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, and smart home electrical devices can be achieved. Therefore, combining IoT technology with precise monitoring of smart home electricity usage data and photovoltaic power generation and energy storage data to achieve efficient energy utilization and intelligent management has significant practical significance and application value.

[0004] Therefore, a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart home is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated photovoltaic power generation and energy storage management system for an Internet of Things (IoT) smart home, which improves the efficiency of charge and discharge control through precise data monitoring. First, the device operation energy consumption monitoring unit in the smart home analysis module constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation, and aging compensation to correct transient power, thereby obtaining the compensated transient power of the smart home. The photovoltaic module power monitoring module constructs photovoltaic module power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss, and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation. The energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the state of charge of the energy storage device through basic estimation terms and extended Kalman filter estimation terms. The charge and discharge management module constructs an energy balance relationship based on the net power, photovoltaic module power, and total smart home power, and constructs a charge and discharge control formula based on the net power, the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage device, and the state of charge to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage device.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An integrated photovoltaic power generation and energy storage management system for an IoT smart home, comprising:

[0008] The smart home analysis module includes an equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit and a smart home information management unit. The equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation, and aging compensation to correct transient power and obtain the compensated transient power of the smart home.

[0009] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the transient power is:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, min() represents the minimum function, f represents the fundamental frequency, v(ξ) represents the voltage, i(ξ) represents the current, ξ represents the integral variable, and λ represents the dynamic response coefficient. represents the derivative of voltage, represents the derivative of the current;

[0012] A four-dimensional compensation matrix is ​​constructed to correct the transient power. The correction formula is:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, P final (t) represents the transient power after compensation, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, α1 and α2 represent the weight coefficients of the temperature change ΔT, α3 represents the weight coefficient of the magnetic field intensity B, and f c represents the nominal clock frequency, Δf represents the deviation between the actual clock frequency and the nominal clock frequency, e represents the natural base, and α4 represents the aging coefficient.

[0015] Furthermore, the smart home information management unit is used to obtain and process the compensated transient power of all monitored smart homes to obtain the total power P of the smart home at time t. home (t).

[0016] The photovoltaic module power monitoring module constructs the photovoltaic module power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation;

[0017] Furthermore, the formula for photovoltaic module power is:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, represents the conversion efficiency, A represents the area of ​​the photovoltaic module, G(t) represents the solar irradiance at time t, and γ represents the corrected temperature T of the module. c (t), δ(t) represents the dust loss, ε MPPT Indicates dynamic compensation of MPPT efficiency.

[0020] The energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the state of charge of the energy storage device through basic estimation items and extended Kalman filter estimation items;

[0021] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the state of charge of the energy storage device is:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, SOC(t) represents the state of charge at time t, θ1 and θ2 represent the estimation coefficients, SOC(t0) represents the state of charge at the initial time t0, C bat Represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, I charge (τ) represents the charging current, I discharge (τ) represents the discharge current, τ represents the integral variable, SOC EKF Represents the estimation term based on the extended Kalman filter, θ1 and θ2 satisfy θ1+θ2=1.

[0024] The charge and discharge management module establishes an energy balance relationship based on the net power, photovoltaic module power and total power of the smart home, determines charging and discharging based on the net power, and constructs a charge and discharge control formula based on the net power, the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage device and the state of charge.

[0025] Furthermore, the energy balance relationship is expressed as: P net (t) = P PV (t)-P home (t), where P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, P home (t) represents the total power of the smart home at time t;

[0026] When the net power is positive, the charging control formula of the energy storage device is:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, P charge (t) represents the charging power of the energy storage device at time t, P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P max Indicates the maximum charging power of the energy storage device, SOC max Indicates the maximum safe charge of the energy storage device, SOC(t) indicates the current battery charge, Cbat represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, and Δt represents the time interval;

[0029] When the net power is negative, the discharge control formula of the energy storage device is:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, P discharge (t) represents the discharge power of the energy storage device at time t, Indicates the maximum discharge power of the energy storage device, |P net (t)| represents the absolute value of the net power at time t, SOC min Indicates the minimum charge for safety of energy storage equipment;

[0032] Construct the notch power, the formula is: P gap (t) = P home (t)-[P PV (t)+P discharge (t)], where P gap (t) represents the notch power, if P gap If (t) is greater than 0, power is supplemented from the grid.

[0033] Furthermore, the charge and discharge management module also includes an energy storage grid optimization unit, which is used to adjust the discharge power according to the consistency algorithm. If the gap power is greater than 0, the power distribution of the grid, photovoltaic components and energy storage equipment is carried out based on the consistency algorithm.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The calculation of transient power combines the integral mean and second-order derivative to capture microsecond-level power mutations and improve response speed. The four-dimensional compensation matrix constructed by temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation, and aging compensation significantly improves the measurement accuracy of transient power of smart home devices, effectively suppresses the influence of factors such as ambient temperature fluctuations, electromagnetic interference, and component aging, and provides a reliable foundation for refined home energy management.

[0036] 2. By introducing more complex models and more environmental variables, such as wind speed and solar irradiance in component temperature correction, and relative humidity in dust loss factor, the accuracy of PV module power monitoring can be improved. Combined with theoretical power and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation to calculate the power of PV modules, accurate monitoring of PV module power is achieved.

[0037] 3. First, by utilizing real-time monitoring data and charge-discharge control formulas, the charge and discharge process of the energy storage system can be precisely adjusted, effectively preventing overcharging or over-discharging of the energy storage battery, extending battery life and ensuring system safety. Secondly, by introducing a gap power supplement mechanism, when the local photovoltaic and energy storage output is insufficient to meet the smart home load, the system can automatically obtain supplementary power from the grid to ensure the continuity and stability of the power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for an IoT smart home provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A flowchart of constructing a compensated transient matrix provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of controlling the charging and discharging of an energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In order to achieve efficient energy utilization and intelligent management when installing home photovoltaic modules for customers, a company introduced a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart homes provided by the present invention. The system structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific implementation is as follows:

[0043] The smart home analysis module includes an equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit and a smart home information management unit. The equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation and aging compensation to correct the transient power and obtain the compensated transient power of the smart home. The specific process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown;

[0044] Furthermore, the IoT device monitors the smart home in real time, obtains and processes the monitored data, and obtains the transient power. The calculation formula is:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, min() represents the minimum function, f represents the fundamental frequency, v(ξ) represents the voltage, i(ξ) represents the current, ξ represents the integral variable, and λ represents the dynamic response coefficient. represents the derivative of voltage, represents the derivative of the current;

[0047] Furthermore, a four-dimensional compensation matrix [C1, C2, C3, C4] is constructed to correct the transient power, where the temperature compensation C1 is calculated as: C1 = 1 + α1·ΔT - α2·(ΔT) 2 , where α1 and α2 represent the weight coefficients of the temperature change ΔT; the calculation formula for the magnetic field interference compensation C2 is:

[0048]

[0049] Wherein, α3 represents the weight coefficient of the magnetic field intensity B; the calculation formula of the time base error compensation C3 is:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, f c represents the nominal clock frequency, Δf represents the deviation between the actual clock frequency and the nominal clock frequency; the calculation formula for the aging compensation C4 is: Where e represents the natural base and α4 represents the aging coefficient.

[0052] Furthermore, the correction formula is:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, P final (t) represents the transient power after compensation, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, α1 and α2 represent the weight coefficients of the temperature change ΔT, α3 represents the weight coefficient of the magnetic field intensity B, and f c represents the nominal clock frequency, Δf represents the deviation between the actual clock frequency and the nominal clock frequency, e represents the natural base, and α4 represents the aging coefficient. Table 1 shows the compensated transient power of some smart homes monitored by the device operation energy consumption monitoring unit.

[0055] Table 1. Compensated transient power of some smart homes

[0056] Equipment Number Device Name Transient power after compensation (W) Monitoring time 1 air conditioner 1502.3 2025-01-28 14：30 2 refrigerator 200.2 2025-01-28 14：30 3 television 150.1 2025-01-28 14：30 4 Lighting system 340.6 2025-01-28 14：30 5 washing machine 450.2 2025-01-28 14：30

[0057] By using IoT devices to collect data in real time, transient power is calculated through integration and dynamic response coefficient, and temperature, magnetic field, time base error and aging compensation are introduced. This can significantly reduce the impact of factors such as external environment, equipment aging and clock deviation on the measurement results, making the final compensated transient power closer to the actual output, thereby supporting more refined energy consumption management.

[0058] Furthermore, the smart home information management unit includes obtaining and processing the compensated transient power of all monitored smart homes to obtain the total power P of the smart home at time t. home (t).

[0059] Furthermore, the smart home information management unit obtains the power data of all smart homes monitored by the equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit and sums them up to obtain the total power of all smart homes at time t, providing data support for the subsequent construction of energy balance relationships.

[0060] The photovoltaic module power monitoring module constructs the photovoltaic module power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation;

[0061] Furthermore, the formula for photovoltaic module power is:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, represents the conversion efficiency, A represents the area of ​​the photovoltaic module, G(t) represents the solar irradiance at time t, and γ represents the corrected temperature T of the module. c (t), δ(t) represents the dust loss, ε MPPT Indicates dynamic compensation of MPPT efficiency;

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the component temperature correction formula is:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, T a (t) represents the ambient temperature at time t, NOCT represents the nominal operating temperature, v wind (t) represents the wind speed at time t;

[0067] Furthermore, the formula for dust loss is:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, ρ(t) represents the dust coverage rate at time t, which can be obtained through image analysis, t dryrepresents the number of consecutive days without rainfall, R(t) represents the relative humidity, which can suppress the adhesion effect of dry dust; the weight coefficients σ1, σ2 and σ3 are empirical values;

[0070] Furthermore, the formula for dynamic compensation of MPPT efficiency is:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, G STC Indicates the irradiance under standard test conditions, Indicates the deviation between the component and the solar incident angle. Table 2 shows the monitoring results of the photovoltaic component power.

[0073] Table 2. Photovoltaic module power

[0074] Component Name Photovoltaic module power (W) Monitoring time PV1 250.4 2025-01-28 14：30 PV2 260.5 2025-01-28 14：30 PV3 248.9 2025-01-28 14：30 PV4 255.3 2025-01-28 14：30

[0075] By introducing more complex models and more environmental variables, such as wind speed and solar irradiance in component temperature correction, and relative humidity in dust loss factor, the accuracy of PV module power monitoring can be improved. Combined with the theoretical power and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation to calculate the power of the PV module, accurate monitoring of the PV module power is achieved.

[0076] The energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the state of charge of the energy storage device through basic estimation items and extended Kalman filter estimation items;

[0077] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the state of charge of the energy storage device is:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, SOC(t) represents the state of charge at time t, θ1 and θ2 represent the estimation coefficients, SOC(t0) represents the state of charge at the initial time t0, C bat Represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, I charge (τ) represents the charging current, I discharge (τ) represents the discharge current, τ represents the integral variable, SOC EKF represents the estimation term based on the extended Kalman filter, θ1 and θ2 satisfy θ1+θ2=1;

[0080] The formula for the extended Kalman filter estimation term is:

[0081]

[0082] Where SOC(t-1) represents the state of charge at time t-1, η represents the coulombic efficiency, Δt represents the time interval, C dyn Indicates dynamic capacity, I batrepresents the battery current, K represents the Kalman gain, V term Indicates the voltage across the battery, V oCV Indicates the open circuit voltage.

[0083] The basic estimation item uses the Coulomb counting method, which integrates the charging current and the discharging current to obtain the SOC. However, it is easily affected by factors such as measurement noise, temperature changes, and equipment aging, resulting in cumulative errors. The extended Kalman filter estimation item is introduced to perform real-time correction of the SOC by combining nonlinear characteristics such as the battery terminal voltage, open-circuit voltage, and dynamic capacity. This can effectively compensate for the deviations caused by measurement errors, dynamic changes, and nonlinear effects, and obtain a more accurate and stable SOC estimation.

[0084] The charge and discharge management module builds an energy balance relationship based on the net power, photovoltaic module power and total power of the smart home, determines the charge and discharge based on the net power, and builds the charge and discharge control formula based on the net power, the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage device and the state of charge to control the charge and discharge. The specific process is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0085] Furthermore, the energy balance relationship is expressed as: P net (t) = P PV (t)-P home (t), where P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, P home (t) represents the total power of the smart home at time t;

[0086] When the net power is positive, in order to prevent overcharging, it is necessary to consider the current state of charge of the energy storage battery and the maximum charging power limit. The charging control formula is:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, P charge (t) represents the charging power of the energy storage device at time t, P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P max Indicates the maximum charging power of the energy storage device, SOC max Indicates the maximum safe charge of the energy storage device, SOC(t) indicates the current battery charge, C bat represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, and Δt represents the time interval;

[0089] When the net power is negative, the energy storage system needs to be discharged to supplement the insufficient power. Over-discharge must be prevented to ensure that the state of charge does not fall below the safety lower limit. The discharge control formula for the energy storage device is:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, P discharge (t) represents the discharge power of the energy storage device at time t, Indicates the maximum discharge power of the energy storage device, |P net (t)| represents the absolute value of the net power at time t, SOC min Indicates the minimum charge for safety of energy storage equipment;

[0092] Construct the notch power, the formula is: P gap (t) = P home (t)-[P PV (t)+P discharge (t)], where P gap (t) represents the notch power, if P gap If (t) is greater than 0, power is supplemented from the grid.

[0093] The energy balance formula calculates the system's net power in real time, making it possible to clearly determine whether the current photovoltaic power generation is sufficient or insufficient, thereby achieving precise adjustment during charging and discharging control, so that the entire system achieves supply and demand balance. The charging and discharging control formulas take into account various parameters of the energy storage device, ensuring that the energy storage device will not be damaged by overcharging or have its service life shortened by over-discharging, thereby extending the overall battery life and improving system safety.

[0094] The energy storage grid-connected optimization auxiliary module adjusts the discharge power according to the consistency algorithm.

[0095] Furthermore, if the power shortfall is greater than 0, it indicates that additional power needs to be supplied from the grid. The grid, PV panels, and energy storage devices are considered nodes in a distributed network. The discharge control of the grid, PV panels, and energy storage devices is coordinated through a consensus algorithm. The specific steps are as follows:

[0096] Step S1: Define the power grid, photovoltaic panels, and energy storage devices as distributed nodes, establish a real-time communication network, and ensure data intercommunication between nodes;

[0097] Step S2: Continuously monitor the smart home, photovoltaic components, and energy storage devices, and obtain the shortfall power;

[0098] Step S3: Dynamically adjust the power of each node based on the consistency algorithm, with photovoltaic power supply taking priority and energy storage equipment providing power flexibly according to the state of charge;

[0099] Step S4: Limiting the energy storage charging and discharging power, setting the grid interaction threshold, including the maximum power purchase;

[0100] By coordinating the consistent algorithm control of the power grid, photovoltaic panels and energy storage equipment, high-precision power matching and rapid response can be achieved during discharge, photovoltaic power generation can be prioritized and energy storage equipment can be dynamically adjusted, reducing dependence on the power grid, reducing the electricity cost of smart homes, and ensuring continuous and stable power supply.

[0101] The smart home analysis module uses a four-dimensional compensation matrix including temperature, magnetic field, time base error and aging to accurately correct transient power, thereby providing real and reliable home energy consumption data; the photovoltaic module power monitoring module ensures the accuracy of photovoltaic output data by calculating theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency; the energy storage data acquisition and analysis module combines basic estimation and extended Kalman filtering to accurately estimate the battery state of charge in real time, providing an accurate basis for charge and discharge management; the charge and discharge management module automatically adjusts the charge and discharge status of the energy storage system according to the real-time net power and the rated charge and discharge power and safe state of charge limit of the energy storage device, and coordinates the output power of the power grid, photovoltaic modules and energy storage equipment through a consistency algorithm to achieve precise overall power balance and optimized scheduling.

[0102] Example 2

[0103] A company introduced the photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart homes provided by this invention for its customers' home photovoltaic modules to improve the efficiency of charge and discharge management. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0104] The smart home analysis module includes an equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit and a smart home information management unit. The equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation, and aging compensation to correct transient power and obtain the compensated transient power of the smart home.

[0105] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the transient power is:

[0106]

[0107] Among them, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, min() represents the minimum function, f represents the fundamental frequency, v(ξ) represents the voltage, i(ξ) represents the current, ξ represents the integral variable, and λ represents the dynamic response coefficient. represents the derivative of voltage, represents the derivative of the current;

[0108] A four-dimensional compensation matrix is ​​constructed to correct the transient power. The correction formula is:

[0109]

[0110] Among them, P final(t) represents the transient power after compensation, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, α1 and α2 represent the weight coefficients of the temperature change ΔT, α3 represents the weight coefficient of the magnetic field intensity B, and f c represents the nominal clock frequency, Δf represents the deviation between the actual clock frequency and the nominal clock frequency, e represents the natural base, and α4 represents the aging coefficient.

[0111] Furthermore, the smart home information management unit is used to obtain and process the compensated transient power of all monitored smart homes to obtain the total power P of the smart home at time t. home (t).

[0112] The photovoltaic module power monitoring module constructs the photovoltaic module power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation;

[0113] Furthermore, the formula for photovoltaic module power is:

[0114]

[0115] Among them, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, represents the conversion efficiency, A represents the area of ​​the photovoltaic module, G(t) represents the solar irradiance at time t, and γ represents the corrected temperature T of the module. c (t), δ(t) represents the dust loss, ε MPPT Indicates dynamic compensation of MPPT efficiency.

[0116] The energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the state of charge of the energy storage device through basic estimation items and extended Kalman filter estimation items;

[0117] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the state of charge of the energy storage device is:

[0118]

[0119] Among them, SOC(t) represents the state of charge at time t, θ1 and θ2 represent the estimation coefficients, SOC(t0) represents the state of charge at the initial time t0, C bat Represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, I charge (τ) represents the charging current, I discharge (τ) represents the discharge current, τ represents the integral variable, SOC EKF Represents the estimation term based on the extended Kalman filter, θ1 and θ2 satisfy θ1+θ2=1.

[0120] The charge and discharge management module establishes an energy balance relationship based on the net power, photovoltaic module power and total power of the smart home, determines charging and discharging based on the net power, and constructs a charge and discharge control formula based on the net power, the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage device and the state of charge.

[0121] Furthermore, the energy balance relationship is expressed as: P net (t) = P PV (t)-P home (t), where P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, P home (t) represents the total power of the smart home at time t;

[0122] When the net power is positive, the charging control formula of the energy storage device is:

[0123]

[0124] Among them, P charge (t) represents the charging power of the energy storage device at time t, P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P max Indicates the maximum charging power of the energy storage device, SOC max Indicates the maximum safe charge of the energy storage device, SOC(t) indicates the current battery charge, C bat represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, and Δt represents the time interval;

[0125] When the net power is negative, the discharge control formula of the energy storage device is:

[0126]

[0127] Among them, P discharge (t) represents the discharge power of the energy storage device at time t, Indicates the maximum discharge power of the energy storage device, |P net (t)| represents the absolute value of the net power at time t, SOC min Indicates the minimum charge for safety of energy storage equipment;

[0128] Construct the notch power, the formula is: P gap (t) = P home (t)-[P PV (t)+P discharge (t)], where P gap (t) represents the notch power, if P gap If (t) is greater than 0, power is supplemented from the grid.

[0129] Furthermore, the charge-discharge management module also includes an energy storage grid-connection optimization unit, which adjusts discharge power according to a consensus algorithm. If the power shortfall is greater than 0, the consensus algorithm is used to allocate power between the grid, PV panels, and energy storage devices. Table 3 shows the power monitoring and charge-discharge control results.

[0130] Table 3. Charge and discharge control results

[0131]

[0132] The four-dimensional compensation matrix of the smart home analysis module reduces the transient power monitoring error from ±5% to ±0.8%, accurately capturing millisecond-level energy consumption fluctuations caused by device startup and shutdown. The photovoltaic module power integrates irradiance, temperature, dust loss and dynamic MPPT efficiency compensation, improving power generation monitoring accuracy by 15%. The energy storage module uses an extended Kalman filter and Coulomb counting fusion method to achieve a state of charge estimation error of less than 1%. The charge and discharge management module dynamically determines the charge and discharge strategy based on net power, prioritizes photovoltaic power generation, and coordinates the real-time power distribution of the power grid, photovoltaic modules and energy storage based on a consistency algorithm, providing high-precision, high-reliability and long-life management for home energy systems.

[0133] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart home, characterized in that: include: The smart home analysis module includes an equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit and a smart home information management unit. The equipment operation energy consumption monitoring unit constructs a four-dimensional compensation matrix through temperature compensation, magnetic field interference compensation, time base error compensation, and aging compensation to correct transient power and obtain the compensated transient power of the smart home. The formula for calculating the transient power is: Among them, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, min() represents the minimum function, f represents the fundamental frequency, v(ξ) represents the voltage, i(ξ) represents the current, ξ represents the integral variable, and λ represents the dynamic response coefficient. represents the derivative of voltage, represents the derivative of the current; A four-dimensional compensation matrix is ​​constructed to correct the transient power. The correction formula is: Among them, P final (t) represents the transient power after compensation, P(t) represents the transient power at time t, α1 and α2 represent the weight coefficients of the temperature change ΔT, α3 represents the weight coefficient of the magnetic field intensity B, and f c represents the nominal clock frequency, Δf represents the deviation between the actual clock frequency and the nominal clock frequency, e represents the natural base, and α4 represents the aging coefficient; The photovoltaic module power monitoring module constructs the photovoltaic module power through theoretical power, temperature correction, dust loss and MPPT efficiency dynamic compensation; The energy storage data acquisition and analysis module constructs the state of charge of the energy storage device through basic estimation items and extended Kalman filter estimation items; The charge and discharge management module establishes an energy balance relationship based on the net power, photovoltaic module power, and total smart home power, determines charging and discharging based on the net power, and constructs a charge and discharge control formula based on the net power, the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage device, and the state of charge; The charge and discharge management module also includes an energy storage grid optimization unit, which is used to adjust the discharge power according to the consistency algorithm. If the gap power is greater than 0, the power distribution of the grid, photovoltaic components and energy storage equipment is carried out based on the consistency algorithm.

2. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart home according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart home information management unit is used to obtain and process the compensated transient power of all monitored smart homes to obtain the total power P of the smart home at time t. home (t).

3. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart home according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for photovoltaic module power is: Among them, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, represents the conversion efficiency, A represents the area of ​​the photovoltaic module, G(t) represents the solar irradiance at time t, and γ represents the corrected temperature T of the module. c (t), δ(t) represents the dust loss, ε MPPT Indicates dynamic compensation of MPPT efficiency.

4. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for the Internet of Things smart home according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the state of charge of the energy storage device is: Among them, SOC(t) represents the state of charge at time t, θ1 and θ2 represent the estimation coefficients, SOC(t0) represents the state of charge at the initial time t0, C bat Represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, I charge (τ) represents the charging current, I discharge (τ) represents the discharge current, τ represents the integral variable, SOC EKF Represents the estimation term based on the extended Kalman filter, θ1 and θ2 satisfy θ1+θ2=1.

5. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated management system for IoT smart home according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy balance formula is: P net (t) = P PV (t)-P home (t), where P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P PV (t) represents the photovoltaic module power at time t, P home (t) represents the total power of the smart home at time t; When the net power is positive, the charging control formula of the energy storage device is: Among them, P charge (t) represents the charging power of the energy storage device at time t, P net (t) represents the net power at time t, P max Indicates the maximum charging power of the energy storage device, SOC max Indicates the maximum safe charge of the energy storage device, SOC(t) indicates the current battery charge, C bat represents the total capacity of the energy storage device, and Δt represents the time interval; When the net power is negative, the discharge control formula of the energy storage device is: Among them, P discharge (t) represents the discharge power of the energy storage device at time t, Indicates the maximum discharge power of the energy storage device, |P net (t)| represents the absolute value of the net power at time t, SOC min Indicates the minimum charge for safety of energy storage equipment; Construct the notch power, the formula is: P gap (t) = P home (t)-[P PV (t)+P discharge (t)], where P gap (t) represents the notch power, if P gap If (t) is greater than 0, power is supplemented from the grid.

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