A method, system and device for state monitoring and equalization control of a large capacity battery pack

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of electric energy storage, and particularly relates to a large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and equalization control method, system and device, the method comprising: obtaining monitoring data of a plurality of single batteries in a large-capacity battery pack; determining a load state corresponding to each single battery based on the monitoring data of the plurality of single batteries; analyzing the influence of the load state corresponding to each single battery on equalization efficiency, determining the adaptability of each single battery to equalization at the current time, and determining the equalization priority corresponding to each single battery according to the adaptability; and performing equalization control on part of the single batteries in the large-capacity battery pack based on the equalization priority corresponding to each single battery. The present application can effectively reduce the interference of load variation on voltage judgment, can preferentially process the single battery most in need of equalization, improve the efficiency of equalization control, and prolong the service life of the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric energy storage technology, and in particular to a method, system and device for monitoring and balancing the state of a large-capacity battery pack. Background Art

[0002] A large-capacity battery pack refers to a battery system that can store a large amount of electrical energy. It is composed of multiple single cells connected in series and parallel, and is used to store and provide a large amount of energy. It is often used in power tools during construction. Generally speaking, more than 10kWh (kilowatt-hours) can be considered "large capacity". Since large-capacity battery packs are usually composed of multiple single cells, there may be differences between each single cell. The lack of effective balancing control will lead to overall performance degradation, energy loss and shortened battery life. To ensure the efficient and safe operation of the battery pack, the status of each single cell is generally evaluated by real-time monitoring of the battery pack's voltage and other data. By adjusting the energy distribution of each single cell, the imbalance caused by the voltage difference between the single cells is eliminated, and the excessive use or aging of local batteries is avoided, thereby achieving balancing control to ensure the optimization of battery pack performance, extend service life and ensure safety.

[0003] In existing technologies, when controlling large-capacity battery packs through voltage balancing, load fluctuations significantly impact the voltage, leading to the voltage failing to accurately reflect the battery's state of charge (SOC). For example, when the load changes rapidly, the battery voltage can fluctuate dramatically due to internal resistance and polarization, making the relationship between voltage and actual SOC unstable. Because balancing systems typically rely on voltage as a basis for judgment, short-term voltage fluctuations can lead to misjudgment of the battery's actual state, triggering unnecessary balancing actions and failing to effectively correct the battery pack's imbalanced state.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively balance and control large-capacity battery packs is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem of how to effectively balance and control a large-capacity battery pack, the present invention aims to provide a method, system, and device for monitoring and balancing the status of a large-capacity battery pack. The technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring and balancing a large-capacity battery pack, the method comprising:

[0007] Obtain monitoring data of multiple single cells in a large-capacity battery pack;

[0008] Determining a load state corresponding to each of the single cells based on the monitoring data of the multiple single cells;

[0009] Analyzing the impact of the load state corresponding to each of the single cells on the balancing efficiency, determining the adaptability of each of the single cells for balancing at the current moment, and determining the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells based on the adaptability;

[0010] Based on the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells, balancing control is performed on some of the single cells in the large-capacity battery pack.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining monitoring data of a plurality of single cells in a large-capacity battery pack, the method further includes:

[0012] removing random noise from the monitoring data to obtain first monitoring data;

[0013] performing filtering optimization on the first monitoring data to obtain second monitoring data;

[0014] Temperature compensation and aging effect correction are performed on the second monitoring data to obtain preprocessed monitoring data, and the preprocessed monitoring data is used to determine the load state corresponding to the large-capacity battery pack.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring data includes current data, and determining the load state corresponding to each of the single cells based on the monitoring data of the plurality of single cells includes:

[0016] For each of the single cells, extract a current segment from the current data, and determine a current mean value corresponding to the current segment;

[0017] According to a preset neighborhood radius and a minimum number of samples, clustering processing is performed on the current mean value to obtain a clustering result, and the load state corresponding to each of the single cells is determined according to the clustering result.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring data includes voltage data, and the analyzing the impact of the load state corresponding to each of the single cells on the balancing efficiency, determining the adaptability of each of the single cells for balancing at the current moment, and determining the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells based on the adaptability, includes:

[0019] Determining the necessary degree of energy transfer corresponding to the single battery according to the change of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood range at the current moment;

[0020] Analyzing the influence of the load state on the balancing efficiency of the single battery and determining the balancing inadaptability corresponding to the single battery;

[0021] The balancing priority corresponding to the single battery is determined according to the necessary degree of energy transfer and the balancing inadaptability.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, determining the necessary degree of energy transfer corresponding to the single battery according to the change of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood at the current moment includes:

[0023] Taking the average value of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood at the current moment as the energy transfer demand corresponding to the single battery;

[0024] Using the variance of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood at the current moment as the voltage credibility corresponding to the single battery;

[0025] Determining the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the single battery based on the energy transfer requirement and the voltage credibility;

[0026] The degree of necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the single cell is determined according to a difference between the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the single cell and a maximum value of the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to all the single cells.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, analyzing the influence of the load state on the balancing efficiency of the single battery and determining the balancing inadaptability corresponding to the single battery includes:

[0028] Analyzing the decrease in the voltage data based on the correlation between the current data and the voltage data to determine the abnormal decrease degree corresponding to the voltage data;

[0029] Determining the balancing efficiency corresponding to the single cell according to the voltage change of the single cell during the historical balancing process;

[0030] analyzing a correlation between the abnormality reduction degree under the load state and a change in the balancing efficiency, and determining an effect of the load state on the balancing efficiency based on the change correlation degree;

[0031] The balancing inadaptability corresponding to the single cell is determined according to the effect of the load state of the single cell at the current moment on the balancing efficiency and the effect of the minimum load state on the balancing efficiency.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, determining the balancing priority corresponding to the single battery according to the degree of energy transfer necessity and the balancing inadaptability includes:

[0033] Determining the balancing adaptability of the single battery at a current moment according to the balancing unadaptability;

[0034] Determine the equalization priority of each single battery according to the energy transfer necessity and the equalization adaptability of the single battery at the current time.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present application, the equalization control of part of the single batteries in the large-capacity battery pack based on the equalization priority of each single battery comprises:

[0036] When the voltage difference between the single batteries is greater than the preset voltage difference threshold, determine the energy transfer path according to the equalization priority of each single battery.

[0037] Transfer energy from the single battery with high voltage to the single battery with the highest equalization priority by using inductance through the energy transfer path to realize equalization control.

[0038] The embodiment of the present application also provides a large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and equalization control system, which comprises a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor to execute the steps in the large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and equalization control method.

[0039] The embodiment of the present application also provides a large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and equalization control device, which comprises:

[0040] A data acquisition module is configured to acquire monitoring data of a plurality of single batteries in a large-capacity battery pack.

[0041] A load state determination module is configured to determine the load state of each single battery based on the monitoring data of the plurality of single batteries.

[0042] An equalization priority determination module is configured to analyze the influence of the load state of each single battery on equalization efficiency, determine the adaptability of equalization of each single battery at the current time, and determine the equalization priority of each single battery according to the adaptability.

[0043] An equalization control module is configured to perform equalization control on part of the single batteries in the large-capacity battery pack based on the equalization priority of each single battery.

[0044] The present application has the following advantages:

[0045] First, monitoring data of multiple single cells in a large-capacity battery pack is obtained; then, based on the monitoring data of the multiple single cells, the load state corresponding to each of the single cells is determined; then, the influence of the load state corresponding to each of the single cells on the balancing efficiency is analyzed, the adaptability of each of the single cells for balancing at the current moment is determined, and based on the adaptability, the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells is determined; finally, based on the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells, balancing control is performed on some of the single cells in the large-capacity battery pack. In the present invention, the load state of each single cell is determined based on the monitoring data of multiple single cells in a large-capacity battery pack, which not only takes into account the voltage value but also combines the load characteristics, and can more comprehensively evaluate the actual working state of the single cell, effectively reduce the interference of load changes on voltage judgment, and improve the accuracy of state evaluation; by analyzing the impact of the load state on the balancing efficiency, the adaptability of each single cell for balancing at the current moment is determined, avoiding the limitation of relying solely on voltage values ​​for balancing judgment, ensuring that the balancing action is more reasonable and efficient, avoiding misjudgment caused by load state, and thus improving the overall balancing efficiency; according to the balancing adaptability of each single cell, its corresponding balancing priority is determined, and the single cell that most needs balancing can be processed first, thereby improving the efficiency of balancing control, reducing unnecessary balancing operations, and extending the service life of the battery pack; based on the balancing priority of each single cell, balancing control is performed on some single cells, which can concentrate resources to deal with key issues, improve the overall effect of balancing control, ensure that limited balancing resources are used first for the single cells that need it most, and avoid resource dispersion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an implementation environment for a large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for monitoring and balancing a large-capacity battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a voltage drop abnormality provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4A schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control device provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a computer system suitable for electronic equipment provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] To further illustrate the technical means and effectiveness of the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, describes in detail a large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method, system, and device according to the present invention, including its specific implementation, structure, features, and effectiveness. In the following description, different references to "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0053] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0054] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0055] The specific scheme of a large-capacity battery pack status monitoring and balancing control method, system and device provided by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the implementation environment of a large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method provided by one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, the implementation environment includes a large-capacity battery pack 101, an equalization control terminal 102, and a battery management terminal 103. The large-capacity battery pack 101 includes a plurality of single batteries, and the battery management terminal 103 is installed with a battery management system. The equalization control terminal 102 includes, but is not limited to, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a palm computer, a PAD, a desktop computer, etc. with local computing capability; the equalization control terminal 102 can communicate with the large-capacity battery pack 101 and the battery management terminal 103 through a network, which can include, but is not limited to, a wired network and a wireless network. The wired network includes a local area network, a metropolitan area network, and a wide area network, and the wireless network includes Bluetooth, WIFI, and other wireless communication networks. The equalization control terminal 102 can include, but is not limited to, a human-computer interaction screen, a processor, and a memory. The human-computer interaction screen can be used to display the equalization control result. The processor can be used to respond to human-computer interaction operations, perform corresponding operations, or generate corresponding instructions.

[0057] As an optional mode, the equalization control terminal 102 can also be a server, which can be a single server, a server cluster composed of multiple servers, or a cloud server. The above is only an example, and the present embodiment does not make any limitation on this.

[0058] As an optional mode, the battery management terminal 103 obtains the monitoring data of the plurality of single batteries from the large-capacity battery pack 101, and then transmits the monitoring data to the equalization control terminal 102 for equalization control.

[0059] As an optional mode, the following steps of the large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and equalization control method can be executed on the equalization control terminal 102:

[0060] Obtaining the monitoring data of the plurality of single batteries in the large-capacity battery pack;

[0061] Determining the load state corresponding to each single battery based on the monitoring data of the plurality of single batteries;

[0062] Analyzing the influence of the load state corresponding to each single battery on the equalization efficiency, determining the adaptability of each single battery to equalization at the current time, and determining the equalization priority corresponding to each single battery according to the adaptability;

[0063] Based on the equalization priority corresponding to each single battery, performing equalization control on part of the single batteries in the large-capacity battery pack.

[0064] The above method determines the load status of each single cell based on the monitoring data of multiple single cells in a large-capacity battery pack. It not only takes into account the voltage value, but also combines the load characteristics. It can more comprehensively evaluate the actual working status of the single cell, effectively reduce the interference of load changes on voltage judgment, and improve the accuracy of status evaluation; by analyzing the impact of the load status on the balancing efficiency, the adaptability of each single cell for balancing at the current moment is determined, avoiding the limitation of relying solely on voltage values ​​for balancing judgment, ensuring that the balancing action is more reasonable and efficient, avoiding misjudgment caused by load status, and thus improving the overall balancing efficiency; according to the balancing adaptability of each single cell, its corresponding balancing priority is determined, and the single cell that most needs balancing can be processed first, thereby improving the efficiency of balancing control, reducing unnecessary balancing operations, and extending the service life of the battery pack; based on the balancing priority of each single cell, balancing control is performed on some single cells, which can concentrate resources to deal with key issues, improve the overall effect of balancing control, ensure that limited balancing resources are used first for the single cells that need it most, and avoid resource dispersion.

[0065] As an optional example, this embodiment does not limit the execution subject of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery pack status monitoring and balancing control method. The above-mentioned large-capacity battery pack status monitoring and balancing control method can be executed on the balancing control terminal 102. For example, when the balancing control terminal 102 is a desktop computer, some or all steps of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery pack status monitoring and balancing control method can be executed on the desktop computer.

[0066] The above section introduces the exemplary implementation environment of the technical solution of the present invention. Next, the large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method of the present invention will be introduced.

[0067] In order to solve the problem of how to effectively balance and control large-capacity battery packs in the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention respectively propose a large-capacity battery pack status monitoring and balancing control method, a large-capacity battery pack status monitoring and balancing control device, an electronic device, and a large-capacity battery pack status monitoring and balancing control system. These embodiments will be described in detail below.

[0068] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for monitoring and balancing a large-capacity battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. The method can be applied to Figure 1 It should be understood that the method can also be applied to other exemplary implementation environments and specifically executed by devices in other implementation environments, and this embodiment does not limit the implementation environment to which the method is applicable.

[0069] like Figure 2As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, the large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method includes at least steps S210 to S240, which are described in detail as follows:

[0070] In step S210 , monitoring data of a plurality of single cells in a large-capacity battery pack is obtained.

[0071] Large-capacity battery packs are composed of multiple cells, each of which is an independent energy storage unit with its own voltage, current, and temperature characteristics. The state of each cell directly affects the performance of the entire battery pack. By monitoring and controlling the state of each cell, the overall optimization of the battery pack can be achieved.

[0072] Monitoring data refers to various real-time data collected from individual batteries, including but not limited to voltage, current, temperature, and internal resistance. Monitoring data is the basis for evaluating the status of individual batteries. By analyzing this data, we can understand the battery's operating condition and load characteristics.

[0073] In step S220 , the load state corresponding to each of the single cells is determined based on the monitoring data of the multiple single cells.

[0074] The load state describes the workload of a single battery cell at the current moment, typically reflected by the current value and its changing trend. The load state affects the battery's voltage performance and balancing efficiency. High loads can cause voltage fluctuations, while low loads can leave the battery idle.

[0075] To determine the load state corresponding to each cell based on the monitoring data of the multiple cells, the current data of the cell can be obtained and subjected to sliding window processing (e.g., taking the average of 11 data points with a left and right radius of 5). A clustering algorithm is then used to classify the current averages, mapping different current patterns to different load states. By quantifying the load state, the actual operating conditions of the cell can be more accurately understood.

[0076] In step S230, the influence of the load state corresponding to each single cell on the balancing efficiency is analyzed to determine the adaptability of each single cell for balancing at the current moment, and the balancing priority corresponding to each single cell is determined according to the adaptability.

[0077] Among them, balancing efficiency refers to the effectiveness of energy transfer of single cells during the balancing process. It is affected by factors such as load state, internal resistance and polarization effect. Balancing efficiency determines whether the balancing operation can effectively improve the consistency of the battery pack.

[0078] The adaptability of balancing measures whether the individual cells are suitable for balancing at the current moment. Taking into account the load status, voltage fluctuations, and historical balancing performance, it can be used to determine which individual cells need to be balanced first to avoid unnecessary balancing actions.

[0079] Among them, when analyzing the impact of the load state corresponding to each of the single cells on the balancing efficiency and determining the adaptability of each of the single cells for balancing at the current moment, we can first analyze the impact of the load state on the voltage value and the balancing efficiency, and then combine the changing trend of the voltage data (such as the mean and variance) and the voltage anomaly under the load state to evaluate the necessity of energy transfer in the single cell. Finally, based on the historical performance of the necessity of energy transfer and the balancing efficiency, we can calculate the adaptability of the single cell for balancing.

[0080] Balancing priority refers to assigning a priority value to each cell based on its balancing adaptability. This value determines the order in which balancing resources are allocated. Prioritizing this priority allows resources to be concentrated on the cells most in need of balancing, improving overall balancing efficiency.

[0081] When determining the balancing priority corresponding to each single cell according to the adaptability, the balancing adaptability of the single cell may be compared with the maximum adaptability of all single cells; and a priority value may be assigned to each single cell according to the comparison result.

[0082] In step S240 , balancing control is performed on some of the single cells in the large-capacity battery pack based on the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells.

[0083] As can be seen from steps S210 to S240 above, the solution proposed in this embodiment determines the load status of each cell based on monitoring data from multiple cells within a large-capacity battery pack. This not only considers voltage values ​​but also incorporates load characteristics, enabling a more comprehensive assessment of the actual operating status of the cells, effectively reducing interference from load fluctuations on voltage assessments, and improving the accuracy of status assessments. By analyzing the impact of load conditions on balancing efficiency, the adaptability of each cell to balancing at the current moment is determined. This avoids the limitations of relying solely on voltage values ​​for balancing judgments, ensures more reasonable and efficient balancing actions, avoids misjudgments caused by load conditions, and thus improves overall balancing efficiency. Based on the adaptability of each cell, a corresponding balancing priority is determined, enabling priority processing of cells that are most in need of balancing, improving the efficiency of balancing control, reducing unnecessary balancing operations, and extending the service life of the battery pack. Balancing control is performed on some cells based on the balancing priority of each cell, concentrating resources on critical issues, improving the overall effectiveness of balancing control, and ensuring that limited balancing resources are prioritized for cells that are most in need, thereby avoiding resource dispersion.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the monitoring data of the plurality of single batteries in the large-capacity battery pack, the method further comprises:

[0085] Removing random noise in the monitoring data to obtain first monitoring data;

[0086] Filtering and optimizing the first monitoring data to obtain second monitoring data;

[0087] Temperature compensation and aging effect correction are performed on the second monitoring data to obtain pre-processed monitoring data, which is used to determine the load state corresponding to the large-capacity battery pack.

[0088] Wherein, random noise refers to irregular fluctuations in monitoring data caused by external interference or measurement errors, which is usually manifested as high-frequency, low-amplitude signals. Random noise will interfere with the accurate judgment of the state of the single battery, and needs to be removed through denoising processing.

[0089] Wherein, when removing the random noise in the monitoring data, a moving average filter or a median filter can be used to perform preliminary smoothing processing on the original monitoring data, detect and eliminate abnormal values outside the reasonable range, reduce the influence of random noise on subsequent analysis, and improve the data quality.

[0090] Wherein, filtering and optimization refers to further smoothing and optimizing data through mathematical algorithms to retain useful signals and suppress noise. Filtering and optimization can better extract key features in monitoring data and provide a more reliable basis for subsequent analysis.

[0091] Wherein, when filtering and optimizing the first monitoring data, a low-pass filter or Kalman filter can be applied to process the first monitoring data after removing random noise; appropriate filtering parameters (such as cutoff frequency or model parameters) are selected according to data characteristics.

[0092] Wherein, temperature compensation refers to correcting monitoring data according to the influence of temperature on battery performance to make it closer to the true value. Temperature changes will affect battery voltage and internal resistance, etc. Temperature compensation can eliminate this influence and improve the accuracy of data analysis.

[0093] Wherein, aging effect correction refers to considering the factors of performance decline of the battery in the long-term use process to adjust the monitoring data. Aging effect will cause the decrease of battery capacity and the increase of internal resistance, and after correction, the actual state of the battery can be more accurately evaluated.

[0094] When performing temperature compensation and aging correction on the second monitoring data, a temperature compensation coefficient and aging correction factor can be calculated based on the current ambient temperature and historical battery usage data. These correction factors are applied to the second monitoring data to obtain pre-processed monitoring data. This comprehensively considers the impact of temperature and aging effects on battery status to ensure data accuracy and consistency.

[0095] For example, assume that there is a large-capacity battery pack consisting of three single cells, and the voltage, current, and temperature data of each single cell are collected.

[0096] For example, the voltage, current, and temperature values ​​(unit: V / A / °C) are: Cell 1: 4.15V / 5A / 25°C; Cell 2: 4.08V / 8A / 26°C; Cell 3: 3.92V / 10A / 27°C. Smoothing the voltage data using a sliding average filter yields: Cell 1: 4.14V; Cell 2: 4.07V; Cell 3: 3.91V, removing outliers (e.g., fluctuations exceeding ±0.1V). Further optimizing the denoised data using a low-pass filter yields: Cell 1: 4.13V; Cell 2: 4.06V; Cell 3: 3.90V. Based on the relationship between temperature and voltage, the temperature compensation coefficient is calculated (e.g., for every 1°C increase, the voltage decreases by 0.01V). The results are: Cell 1: 4.13 - (25-20) × 0.01 = 4.08V; Cell 2: 4.06 - (26-20) × 0.01 = 4.00V; Cell 3: 3.90 - (27-20) × 0.01 = 3.83V. Based on the battery's historical usage data, the aging correction factor is calculated (e.g., for every year of use, the voltage decreases by 0.02V). The results are: Cell 1: 4.08 - 0.02 × 2 = 4.04V; Cell 2: 4.00 - 0.02 × 2 = 3.96V; Cell 3: 3.83 - 0.02 × 2 = 3.79V. Finally, the pre-processed monitoring data obtained are: single cell 1: 4.04V; single cell 2: 3.96V; single cell 3: 3.79V.

[0097] In this embodiment, through noise removal, filter optimization, temperature compensation, and aging correction, the quality of monitoring data is significantly improved, reducing the impact of external interference and internal factors on the data. Comprehensive consideration of the impact of temperature and aging effects on battery status enables more accurate load status judgment, providing a reliable basis for subsequent balancing control. Data preprocessing effectively reduces the impact of random noise and systematic errors, avoids misjudgments due to data quality issues, and improves system reliability.

[0098] In one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring data includes current data, and determining the load state corresponding to each of the single cells based on the monitoring data of the plurality of single cells includes:

[0099] For each of the single cells, extract a current segment from the current data, and determine a current mean value corresponding to the current segment;

[0100] According to a preset neighborhood radius and a minimum number of samples, clustering processing is performed on the current mean value to obtain a clustering result, and the load state corresponding to each of the single cells is determined according to the clustering result.

[0101] Among them, each single cell in the battery pack has different charging and discharging performance due to internal performance differences. The abnormal voltage performance of the single cell under high load is caused by the internal performance of the battery and may recur during multiple uses. It is caused by the load state. Therefore, the load state of the single cell can be represented by the current performance at each moment. Through cluster analysis of the impact of the load state on the battery voltage, the impact of the load state on the balancing control can be further obtained.

[0102] A current segment refers to a sequence of current values ​​over a continuous period of time extracted from the current data of a single battery. By analyzing the current segment, we can capture the load characteristics of a single battery over a period of time.

[0103] When extracting current segments from the current data, the size of the sliding window can be determined (e.g., a left and right radius of 5 and a total length of 11 data points). Then, for each moment of current data, the current segment centered at that moment can be extracted. This divides the original current data into multiple small segments, facilitating subsequent calculations and analysis.

[0104] The neighborhood radius refers to the distance threshold used in clustering algorithms to define two samples as being in the same cluster.

[0105] The minimum number of samples refers to the number of samples that must be included in a cluster in the clustering algorithm.

[0106] Clustering refers to dividing similar data points into different groups (clusters) through mathematical algorithms, so that data points within the same cluster are as similar as possible and data points between different clusters are as different as possible, and the current mean can be divided into different load state categories.

[0107] When clustering the current means according to the preset neighborhood radius and the minimum number of samples, the current mean of each current segment can be calculated first; and then a clustering algorithm is used to classify the current means based on the preset neighborhood radius and the minimum number of samples.

[0108] Among them, when determining the load state corresponding to each single cell according to the clustering result, each cluster in the clustering result can be first mapped to a load state (such as high load, medium load, low load); then, according to the cluster to which the current mean of the single cell belongs, its corresponding load state is determined.

[0109] For example, suppose there is a large-capacity battery pack consisting of three cells. The current data (unit: A) for each cell is collected: Cell 1: [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]; Cell 2: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]; Cell 3: [20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40]. Using a sliding window (with a radius of 5 on each side, for a total of 11 data points), we extract the current segments and calculate the mean, yielding: Cell 1:

[0110] (5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15) / 11 = 10A; Cell 2: (1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11) / 11 = 6A; Cell 3: (20+22+24+26+28+30+32+34+36+38+40) / 11 = 30A. The default neighborhood radius (Eps) is 5, and the minimum number of samples (MinPts) is 2. Using a clustering algorithm to cluster the current mean values, we obtain: Cell 1: 10A, clustered into cluster 1 (medium load); Cell 2: 6A, clustered into cluster 2 (low load); Cell 3: 30A, clustered into cluster 3 (high load). Based on the clustering results, the clusters are mapped to load states, resulting in: Cluster 1: medium load; Cluster 2: low load; Cluster 3: high load.

[0111] In this embodiment, current mean clustering is used to classify the load status of individual cells into discrete categories, facilitating subsequent analysis and control. Extracting current segments and calculating their mean values ​​based on a sliding window effectively smooths data fluctuations, reduces noise interference, and improves the accuracy of load status determination. The clustering algorithm parameters (neighborhood radius and minimum sample count) can be adjusted according to actual needs, making it suitable for load status identification under various complex operating conditions.

[0112] In one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring data includes voltage data, and the analyzing the impact of the load state corresponding to each of the single cells on the balancing efficiency, determining the adaptability of each of the single cells for balancing at the current moment, and determining the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells based on the adaptability, includes:

[0113] Determining the necessary degree of energy transfer corresponding to the single battery according to the change of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood range at the current moment;

[0114] Analyzing the influence of the load state on the balancing efficiency of the single battery and determining the balancing inadaptability corresponding to the single battery;

[0115] The balancing priority corresponding to the single battery is determined according to the necessary degree of energy transfer and the balancing inadaptability.

[0116] During the operation of large-capacity battery packs, load fluctuations in the pack have a particularly significant impact on the voltage value, directly resulting in the voltage not being able to truly reflect the battery's state of charge. When the battery pack is under high load, the battery voltage will fluctuate violently due to internal resistance and polarization. The optimal energy transfer target derived solely from voltage information may contain errors, which may misjudge the actual battery state and trigger unnecessary balancing actions. Frequent and ineffective adjustments will significantly increase energy loss and reduce the overall efficiency of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the impact of the load state corresponding to each single cell on balancing efficiency to achieve more accurate and effective balancing operations.

[0117] The preset neighborhood range at the current moment refers to a time window centered at the current moment, used to analyze the changing trends of voltage data within this range. By examining the changes in voltage data within this neighborhood range, a more comprehensive assessment of the energy state and load characteristics of the individual batteries can be achieved.

[0118] The degree of necessity of energy transfer refers to an indicator to measure whether a single cell battery needs to transfer energy at the current moment. It is usually determined by the changing trend of voltage data and is used to judge the energy demand of the single cell battery and provide a basis for determining the balancing priority.

[0119] Balancing incompatibility describes the difficulty or unsuitability of performing balancing operations on individual cells under the current load conditions. This is affected by factors such as load conditions, internal resistance, and polarization. By analyzing balancing incompatibility, we can avoid balancing operations under unsuitable conditions and improve balancing efficiency.

[0120] This embodiment, by comprehensively considering the necessary degree of energy transfer and balancing inadaptability, can more accurately assess the suitability of individual cells for balancing operations, avoiding unnecessary balancing actions. Based on current voltage data and load conditions, the balancing priority is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the balancing control strategy can adapt to different operating conditions.

[0121] In one embodiment of the present invention, determining the necessary degree of energy transfer corresponding to the single battery according to the change of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood at the current moment includes:

[0122] Taking the average value of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood at the current moment as the energy transfer demand corresponding to the single battery;

[0123] Using the variance of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood at the current moment as the voltage credibility corresponding to the single battery;

[0124] Determining the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the single battery based on the energy transfer requirement and the voltage credibility;

[0125] The degree of necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the single cell is determined according to a difference between the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the single cell and a maximum value of the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to all the single cells.

[0126] Performance differences are inevitable during the manufacturing and use of batteries. Large-capacity battery packs suffer from varying charge and discharge characteristics, which shortens their lifespan. With increasing use, these differences become increasingly pronounced, and the pack's lifespan depends on the worst-performing cell. Therefore, active balancing is necessary to improve pack lifespan. Using cell voltage as the criterion for balancing, battery balancing aims to achieve a balanced energy distribution across all cells during use, with energy being transferred first between cells with the largest voltage differences.

[0127] Energy transfer demand refers to the energy demand of a single cell at the current moment, typically reflected by the mean voltage data. By calculating the mean voltage data within a preset neighborhood, the energy state of the single cell is assessed to determine whether energy transfer is necessary.

[0128] Voltage credibility measures the degree of fluctuation in voltage data within a preset neighborhood, typically expressed as the variance of the voltage data. Smaller variances indicate more stable voltage data and higher credibility. Conversely, larger variances indicate greater fluctuations in voltage data and lower credibility.

[0129] Energy transfer necessity is an indicator that assesses whether energy transfer is necessary for a single cell, taking into account both the energy transfer requirement and voltage reliability. Combined with the voltage mean and variance, it more comprehensively reflects the energy status of the single cell, providing a basis for subsequent balancing control.

[0130] Among them, the difference between the energy transfer necessity corresponding to a single cell and the maximum energy transfer necessity corresponding to all single cells refers to quantifying the energy transfer priority of the single cell at the current moment by comparing the difference between the energy transfer necessity of the single cell and the maximum energy transfer necessity in the entire battery pack, which is used to determine the degree of energy transfer necessity of the single cell, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the balancing strategy.

[0131] For example, due to the performance differences of each single cell in the battery pack, there are differences in the energy distribution in the battery during use. In order to improve system efficiency and extend the service life of the battery pack, it is necessary to balance the energy transfer. By monitoring the voltage data of the single cell in real time, the battery voltage will inevitably fluctuate during use. Therefore, based on the performance of the voltage data in the neighborhood range, it is determined whether battery balancing control is needed.

[0132] For example, the necessity of energy transfer can be expressed as follows:

[0133]

[0134] Among them, D i Indicates the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the i-th single cell; represents the energy transfer requirement corresponding to the i-th single cell, which is the mean value of the voltage data within the preset neighborhood range (the first 5 data points of the current voltage) at the current moment. The larger the value, the more energy needs to be transferred; exp is the exponential function; V i It represents the voltage credibility of the i-th battery cell, that is, the variance of the voltage data within the preset neighborhood at the current moment, which represents the referenceability of the current voltage data. The smaller the value, the more reliable the voltage of the battery cell at the current moment is, which can prevent misjudgment caused by voltage fluctuations.

[0135] in, The larger it is, the more energy transfer the single battery needs.

[0136] For example, during the battery pack balancing process, the battery with the highest voltage acts as the energy provider and the battery with the lowest voltage acts as the energy receiver. Single cells with larger voltage differences should be adjusted first. Therefore, single cells with larger voltage differences are two single cells with larger differences in the necessity of energy transfer. Based on the necessity of energy transfer of all single cells in the large-capacity battery pack, the degree of necessity of energy transfer of the single cells is obtained.

[0137] For example, the necessary degree of energy transfer may be expressed as:

[0138]

[0139] Among them, A i Indicates the necessary degree of energy transfer corresponding to the i-th single cell; D i represents the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the i-th single cell; maxD represents the maximum value of the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to all single cells; D n Indicates the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the nth single cell; |D i-maxD| represents the difference between the energy transfer necessity corresponding to the i th single battery and the maximum value of the energy transfer necessities corresponding to all single batteries, which can represent the degree of necessity of the single battery as an energy receiver.

[0140] wherein, represents the average of the difference between the energy transfer necessities corresponding to all single batteries in the battery pack and the maximum value of the energy transfer necessities corresponding to all single batteries, to measure the necessity of balancing control at the current time, wherein N is greater than 1.

[0141] wherein, The greater the value is, the more necessary it is to perform energy transfer to the i th single battery.

[0142] In this embodiment, by introducing voltage reliability as a supplementary index, the energy state of the single battery can be more accurately evaluated, and misjudgment caused by voltage fluctuation can be avoided. Based on the energy transfer necessity and the maximum value difference, the degree of necessity of single battery energy transfer is finely evaluated, and the balancing resource allocation is more reasonable. Considering the influence of voltage reliability, unnecessary balancing action caused by voltage fluctuation is reduced, and the stability and reliability of the system are improved.

[0143] In an embodiment of the present application, the analysis of the influence of the load state on the balancing efficiency of the single battery determines the balancing inadaptability corresponding to the single battery, including:

[0144] By analyzing the decrease of the voltage data based on the correlation of the current data and the voltage data, the degree of abnormal decrease corresponding to the voltage data is determined;

[0145] According to the voltage change of the single battery in the historical balancing process, the balancing efficiency corresponding to the single battery is determined;

[0146] The correlation degree of the degree of abnormal decrease under the load state and the change of the balancing efficiency is analyzed, and the effect of the load state on the balancing efficiency is determined according to the change correlation degree;

[0147] According to the effect of the load state of the single battery at the current time on the balancing efficiency and the effect of the lowest load state on the balancing efficiency, the balancing inadaptability corresponding to the single battery is determined.

[0148] Among them, simply performing balancing control based on voltage data may lead to over-balancing due to changes in the load state of the battery pack. Under actual high-load discharge conditions, the battery voltage will drop rapidly due to the internal resistance voltage drop caused by the large current, which may trigger unnecessary balancing actions. The balancing trigger comes from large voltage differences. When the voltage difference between batteries exceeds the balancing threshold, balancing action will be performed. Therefore, it is necessary to capture this abnormal voltage state to avoid invalid balancing.

[0149] The correlation between the current data and the voltage data refers to the mathematical correlation between the current data and the voltage data, and is usually measured by calculating a correlation coefficient between the two.

[0150] Among them, the degree of abnormal reduction refers to an indicator that describes whether the degree of voltage reduction under specific conditions exceeds the normal range, and is used to evaluate whether there is an abnormal voltage drop phenomenon in the single cell battery.

[0151] Among them, the historical balancing process refers to a series of operation records of the single cell in the past balancing control process, including voltage changes, current flow, etc. By analyzing the historical balancing process, we can understand the balancing performance of the single cell under different load conditions.

[0152] When determining the balancing efficiency corresponding to the single cell according to the voltage change of the single cell during the historical balancing process, the voltage change amplitude of the single cell during the historical balancing process may be counted; and then the balancing efficiency is calculated based on the voltage change amplitude (e.g., the smaller the voltage change, the higher the balancing efficiency).

[0153] The effect of the load state on the balancing efficiency refers to the degree of influence of the load state on the balancing efficiency of the single cell.

[0154] The minimum load state refers to the working state of the single cell under the minimum load condition, which can be used as a benchmark to compare the balanced efficiency changes under other load states.

[0155] For example, there is a certain correlation between current and voltage. If an abnormal condition occurs, such as causing an internal resistance voltage drop, the voltage will suddenly drop. Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of abnormal voltage drop provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 In the process, the voltage suddenly drops, which destroys the relationship between current and voltage. The abnormal degree of voltage reduction corresponding to the current and voltage changes can be obtained according to the current and voltage changes.

[0156] For example, the expression of the degree of reduction of abnormality corresponding to the voltage data may be:

[0157]

[0158] Among them, F i Indicates the abnormal degree of decrease corresponding to the voltage data of the i-th single cell at the current moment; A i Indicates the necessary degree of energy transfer corresponding to the i-th single cell. The larger the value, the lower the battery voltage, and the more suitable the i-th single cell is as an energy receiver. However, the low battery voltage at this time is due to an abnormal condition and cannot reflect the actual battery charge state; E i I represents the voltage data of the i-th single cell within the preset neighborhood at the current moment; i represents the current data of the i-th single cell within the preset neighborhood at the current moment; ρ(E i ,I i ) represents the correlation between the current data and the voltage data of the i-th single cell within the preset neighborhood at the current moment, which can be the Pearson correlation coefficient between the current and the voltage; It represents the correlation between the current data and voltage data of the i-th single cell during the historical balancing process, and is also the Pearson correlation coefficient of current and voltage.

[0159] in, It represents the difference in the correlation between the current data and voltage data of the i-th single cell at the current moment and in the historical balancing process. The larger the value of this formula is, the voltage of the single cell may be in an abnormal state and cannot reflect the actual battery status.

[0160] in, The larger the value, the more likely the voltage of the single battery is abnormal and cannot reflect the actual battery status.

[0161] For example, if a single cell's voltage experiences an abnormal state due to an internal resistance voltage drop, the voltage rapidly drops, making it an energy receiver. However, the battery's original state of charge does not require immediate energy reception. This will cause it to become an energy transferor after balancing, resulting in frequent and ineffective balancing. This abnormal voltage state results in very low balancing efficiency. By analyzing the voltage changes of each single cell during the historical balancing process, the corresponding balancing efficiency of the single cell can be determined.

[0162] For example, the equalization efficiency of a single cell may be expressed as follows:

[0163]

[0164] Among them, X i,j bE represents the balancing efficiency of the i-th single cell in the j-th historical balancing process; i,j represents the initial equalization voltage value of the i-th single cell in the j-th historical equalization process; eE i,j represents the ending equalization voltage value of the i-th single cell in the j-th historical equalization process; Ti,j Indicates the balancing time of the i-th single cell in the j-th historical balancing process.

[0165] in, It represents the efficiency of energy transfer completion (i.e., voltage reaching equilibrium state) of the i-th single cell during the j-th historical balancing process. The larger the value of this formula, the higher the balancing efficiency.

[0166] For example, the main reason for frequent invalid balancing of battery packs is that the single cell is affected by the load state, and the voltage cannot truly reflect the battery charge state, resulting in erroneous balancing actions. Therefore, in the clustering results, the relationship between the abnormal voltage drop under the load state at each moment in the high-load cluster and the balancing efficiency of the balancing process experienced is analyzed. It can be concluded that the relationship between the abnormal voltage drop and the corresponding balancing efficiency at the historical moment corresponding to the same load state of the cluster to which each single cell belongs at the current moment can be obtained.

[0167] For example, the effect of the load state on the balancing efficiency may be expressed as follows:

[0168] G i =exp(-DTW(F i ′ ,exp(-X i )))

[0169] Among them, G i Indicates the effect of the load state of the i-th single cell on the balancing efficiency; F i ′ represents the abnormality reduction sequence corresponding to the voltage data of all historical balancing processes in the load state to which the voltage data of the i-th single cell at the current moment belongs; X i represents the equilibrium efficiency sequence of the i-th single cell in all historical balancing processes; exp is the exponential function; DTW stands for dynamic time warping.

[0170] Among them, DTW(F i ′ ,exp(-X i )) represents the correlation between the abnormal degree of voltage drop and the balancing efficiency in all historical balancing processes in the load state to which the voltage data of the i-th single cell at the current moment belongs. The smaller the formula is, the greater the impact of the voltage drop on the balancing efficiency.

[0171] Among them, exp(-DTW(F i ′ ,exp(-X i The larger the value of ))) is, the greater the effect of the load state on the balancing efficiency.

[0172] For example, a battery's voltage reflects its real-time operating status and changes relatively smoothly and predictably. At this point, the load state has a low impact on balancing efficiency. Balancing control at the lowest load state is used as a basis to determine whether the current load state of a single cell is suitable for energy reception. The combined impact of the load states on balancing efficiency within the load state cluster to which the single cell belongs can be used to determine the balancing unsuitability of the current load state of the single cell.

[0173] For example, the equalization inadaptability of a single battery cell may be expressed as follows:

[0174]

[0175] Among them, Y i Indicates the balancing inadaptability corresponding to the i-th single cell; G i Indicates the effect of the load state of the i-th single cell on the balancing efficiency; G i ′ It represents the effect of the minimum load state corresponding to the i-th single cell on the balancing efficiency.

[0176] in, The larger the value is, the less suitable the single battery is for balancing at the current moment.

[0177] In this embodiment, by analyzing the correlation between current and voltage and historical voltage changes during balancing, the balancing efficiency of individual cells can be more accurately assessed. Combining the correlation between the reduction of abnormality and changes in balancing efficiency, the impact of load conditions on balancing efficiency is comprehensively assessed, ensuring a more rational balancing strategy. Introducing the reduction of abnormality and historical balancing data as supplementary indicators reduces the risk of misjudgment due to a single factor.

[0178] In one embodiment of the present invention, determining the balancing priority corresponding to the single battery according to the degree of energy transfer necessity and the balancing inadaptability includes:

[0179] Determining the balancing adaptability of the single battery at a current moment according to the balancing unadaptability;

[0180] The balancing priority corresponding to the single cell is determined based on the necessary degree of energy transfer of the single cell at the current moment and the balancing adaptability.

[0181] For example, during the operation of the battery pack, the pair of single cells with the largest voltage difference needs to be balanced. When the single cell is in a high-load state, the voltage will drop rapidly due to the internal resistance voltage drop, causing it to be misjudged as the optimal energy transfer target. Therefore, the balancing priority of the single cell can be dynamically adjusted by analyzing the impact of the battery's current load state on the balancing efficiency.

[0182] For example, the balancing priority corresponding to a single cell is expressed as follows:

[0183] Z i =A i ×(1-Y i )

[0184] Among them, Z i Indicates the balancing priority corresponding to the i-th single cell; A i Indicates the necessary degree of energy transfer corresponding to the i-th single cell.

[0185] Among them, (1-Y i ) represents the balancing adaptability of the i-th single cell at the current moment. The larger the value, the more suitable the single cell is for balancing at the current moment.

[0186] Among them, A i ×(1-Y i ) is larger, the higher the balancing priority of the i-th single cell is, and the more suitable it is for balancing at the current moment.

[0187] In this embodiment, by comprehensively considering the necessary degree of energy transfer and the adaptability of balancing, the balancing requirements of the single cells can be evaluated more comprehensively, avoiding misjudgment caused by a single indicator. The balancing priority can be dynamically adjusted according to the current energy state and load characteristics, ensuring that the balancing control strategy can adapt to different working conditions.

[0188] In one embodiment of the present invention, the balancing control of some of the single cells in the large-capacity battery pack based on the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells includes:

[0189] When the voltage difference between the plurality of single cells is greater than a preset voltage difference threshold, determining an energy transfer path according to the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells;

[0190] Through the energy transfer path, energy is transferred from the single battery with high voltage to the single battery with the highest balancing priority by using inductance, so as to achieve balancing control.

[0191] Among them, the energy transfer path refers to the specific path or method used to transfer energy from one single cell to another during the balancing control process. It can clarify the direction and path of energy flow and ensure the efficiency and accuracy of the balancing operation.

[0192] Wherein, the inductor is a kind of energy storage element, can store and release energy by electromagnetic induction principle, commonly used to realize energy transfer in equalization control.Using the energy storage characteristics of inductor, the energy of high-voltage single battery is transferred to low-voltage single battery, so as to realize voltage balance.

[0193] For example, assume that there is a large-capacity battery pack composed of 3 single batteries, and the voltage data (unit: V) and equalization priority of each single battery are as follows: single battery 1: voltage=4.2V, equalization priority=0.8; single battery 2: voltage=4.0V, equalization priority=0.5; single battery 3: voltage=3.8V, equalization priority=0.2.Assume that the preset voltage difference threshold is 0.3V: the voltage difference between single battery 1 and single battery 3 is 4.2-3.8=0.4V>0.3V, so equalization control is needed.According to the equalization priority, the target battery is selected: high-voltage single battery: single battery 1 (highest voltage); target single battery: single battery 3 (highest equalization priority).Use inductor as energy transfer medium, store the energy in single battery 1 into inductor; release the energy in inductor to single battery 3.After energy transfer is completed, the voltage is redistributed as follows: single battery 1: voltage drops to 4.0V; single battery 3: voltage rises to 4.0V.

[0194] It should be noted that during the equalization process, the state of the single battery can be continuously monitored, and the priority calculation result can be dynamically updated to ensure real-time adjustment of the equalization operation to adapt to load changes and avoid over-equalization or insufficient equalization.

[0195] In this embodiment, through the equalization priority driven energy transfer path planning, the single battery that needs to be equalized can be more accurately selected, and unnecessary equalization operation can be avoided.Using inductor as energy transfer medium, energy loss is reduced, and energy transfer efficiency is improved.

[0196] Figure 4 The structure diagram of a large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and equalization control device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.The device can be applied to Figure 1 The implementation environment shown in the figure.The device can also be applied to other exemplary implementation environments and specifically configured in other devices, and the implementation environment to which the device is applied is not limited by this embodiment.

[0197] As Figure 4 shown, the exemplary large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and equalization control device includes:

[0198] The data acquisition module 401 is configured to acquire monitoring data of a plurality of single batteries in the large-capacity battery pack.

[0199] A load state determination module 402 is configured to determine a load state corresponding to each of the single cells based on monitoring data of the multiple single cells;

[0200] The balancing priority determination module 403 is configured to analyze the impact of the load state corresponding to each of the single cells on the balancing efficiency, determine the adaptability of each of the single cells for balancing at the current moment, and determine the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells based on the adaptability;

[0201] The balancing control module 404 is configured to perform balancing control on some of the single cells in the large-capacity battery pack based on the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells.

[0202] In this exemplary large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control device, the load state of each single cell is determined based on the monitoring data of multiple single cells in the large-capacity battery pack, taking into account not only the voltage value but also the load characteristics, which can more comprehensively evaluate the actual working state of the single cell, effectively reduce the interference of load changes on voltage judgment, and improve the accuracy of state assessment; by analyzing the impact of the load state on the balancing efficiency, the adaptability of each single cell for balancing at the current moment is determined, avoiding the limitation of relying solely on voltage values ​​for balancing judgment, ensuring that the balancing action is more reasonable and efficient, avoiding misjudgment caused by load state, and thus improving the overall balancing efficiency; according to the balancing adaptability of each single cell, its corresponding balancing priority is determined, which can give priority to the single cell that most needs balancing, improve the efficiency of balancing control, reduce unnecessary balancing operations, and extend the service life of the battery pack; based on the balancing priority of each single cell, balancing control is performed on some single cells, which can concentrate resources to deal with key issues, improve the overall effect of balancing control, ensure that limited balancing resources are used first for the single cells that need it most, and avoid resource dispersion.

[0203] It should be noted that the large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control device provided in the above embodiment and the large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method provided in the above embodiment are based on the same concept. The specific manner in which each module and unit performs operations has been described in detail in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here. In actual applications, the large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control device provided in the above embodiment can, as needed, allocate the above functions to different functional modules, that is, divide the internal structure of the device into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above, and this is not limited here.

[0204] Embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the electronic device to implement the large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and equalization control method provided in each of the above embodiments.

[0205] Figure 5 A structural diagram of a computer system suitable for an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. It should be noted that, Figure 5 The computer system 500 of the electronic device shown is only an example and should not impose any limitation on the functions and use range of the embodiments of the present application.

[0206] As Figure 5 shown, the computer system 500 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to programs stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 502 or programs loaded from a storage section 508 to a random access memory (RAM) 503, such as performing the methods described in the above embodiments. Various programs and data required for system operation are also stored in the RAM 503. The CPU 501, the ROM 502, and the RAM 503 are connected to each other through a bus 504. An input / output (I / O) interface 505 is also connected to the bus 504.

[0207] The following components are connected to the I / O interface 505: an input section 506 including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output section 507 including a display such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc.; a storage section 508 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 509 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card, a modem, etc. The communication section 509 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 510 is also connected to the I / O interface 505 as necessary. A removable recording medium 511 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc. is attached to the drive 510 as necessary, so that a computer program read therefrom is installed in the storage section 508 as necessary.

[0208] In particular, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present invention includes a computer program product that includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program including a computer program for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication section 509 and / or installed from a removable medium 511. When the computer program is executed by the central processing unit (CPU) 501, the various functions defined in the system of the present invention are performed.

[0209] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in the embodiments of the present invention may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. The computer-readable storage medium may, for example, be an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or component, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present invention, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries a computer-readable computer program. Such a propagated data signal may take a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, an electromagnetic signal, an optical signal, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer program embodied on a computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0210] The flow and block diagrams in the drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flow and block diagrams can represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks can occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and / or flowchart illustrations, and combinations thereof, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified functions or operations, or combinations of hardware and software.

[0211] The units described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The units described may

[0212] Another aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing instructions. The instructions are adapted to be loaded into a processor to perform the steps of any of the methods for monitoring and balancing control of a large-capacity battery pack provided by the embodiments of the present application. The computer readable storage medium can be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiments, or can exist separately and not be assembled into the electronic device.

[0213] It should be noted that the above-mentioned sequence of the embodiments of the present application is only for description, and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multi-task processing and parallel processing are possible or can be advantageous.

[0214] Each of the embodiments in the specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment mainly describes the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring and balancing the state of a large-capacity battery pack, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain monitoring data of multiple single cells in a large-capacity battery pack; Determining a load state corresponding to each of the single cells based on the monitoring data of the multiple single cells; Analyzing the impact of the load state corresponding to each of the single cells on the balancing efficiency, determining the adaptability of each of the single cells for balancing at the current moment, and determining the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells based on the adaptability; Based on the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells, balancing control is performed on some of the single cells in the large-capacity battery pack; After obtaining the monitoring data of the plurality of single cells in the large-capacity battery pack, the method further includes: removing random noise from the monitoring data to obtain first monitoring data; performing filtering optimization on the first monitoring data to obtain second monitoring data; performing temperature compensation and aging effect correction on the second monitoring data to obtain preprocessed monitoring data, wherein the preprocessed monitoring data is used to determine a load state corresponding to the large-capacity battery pack; The monitoring data includes current data, and determining the load state corresponding to each of the single cells based on the monitoring data of the multiple single cells includes: For each of the single cells, extract a current segment from the current data, and determine a current mean value corresponding to the current segment; Clustering the current mean values ​​according to a preset neighborhood radius and a minimum number of samples to obtain a clustering result, and determining a load state corresponding to each of the single cells according to the clustering result; The monitoring data also includes voltage data. The analyzing the influence of the load state corresponding to each of the single cells on the balancing efficiency, determining the adaptability of each of the single cells for balancing at the current moment, and determining the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells based on the adaptability, includes: Determining the necessary degree of energy transfer corresponding to the single battery according to the change of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood range at the current moment; Analyzing the influence of the load state on the balancing efficiency of the single battery and determining the balancing inadaptability corresponding to the single battery; The balancing priority corresponding to the single battery is determined according to the necessary degree of energy transfer and the balancing inadaptability.

2. The large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining the necessary degree of energy transfer corresponding to the single battery according to the change of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood range at the current moment includes: Taking the average value of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood at the current moment as the energy transfer demand corresponding to the single battery; Using the variance of the voltage data within a preset neighborhood at the current moment as the voltage credibility corresponding to the single battery; Determining the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the single battery based on the energy transfer requirement and the voltage credibility; The degree of necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the single cell is determined according to a difference between the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to the single cell and a maximum value of the necessity of energy transfer corresponding to all the single cells.

3. The large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analyzing the influence of the load state on the balancing efficiency of the single battery and determining the balancing inadaptability corresponding to the single battery includes: Analyzing the decrease in the voltage data based on the correlation between the current data and the voltage data to determine the abnormal degree of decrease corresponding to the voltage data; Determining the balancing efficiency corresponding to the single cell according to the voltage change of the single cell during the historical balancing process; analyzing a correlation between the abnormality reduction degree under the load state and a change in the balancing efficiency, and determining an effect of the load state on the balancing efficiency based on the change correlation degree; The balancing inadaptability corresponding to the single cell is determined according to the effect of the load state of the single cell at the current moment on the balancing efficiency and the effect of the minimum load state on the balancing efficiency.

4. The large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method according to claim 1, wherein: The determining, according to the necessary degree of energy transfer and the balancing inadaptability, the balancing priority corresponding to the single battery includes: Determining the balancing adaptability of the single battery at a current moment according to the balancing unadaptability; The balancing priority corresponding to the single cell is determined based on the necessary degree of energy transfer of the single cell at the current moment and the balancing adaptability.

5. The large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of performing balancing control on some of the single cells in the large-capacity battery pack based on the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells includes: When the voltage difference between the plurality of single cells is greater than a preset voltage difference threshold, determining an energy transfer path according to the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells; Through the energy transfer path, energy is transferred from the single battery with high voltage to the single battery with the highest balancing priority by using inductance, so as to achieve balancing control.

6. A large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control system, characterized in that: The system includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a plurality of instructions suitable for loading by a processor to execute the steps in the large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A large-capacity battery pack status monitoring and balancing control device, characterized in that: The large-capacity battery pack state monitoring and balancing control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, wherein the device comprises: A data acquisition module is used to obtain monitoring data of multiple single cells in a large-capacity battery pack; A load state determination module, configured to determine a load state corresponding to each of the single cells based on monitoring data of the multiple single cells; a balancing priority determination module, configured to analyze the impact of the load state corresponding to each of the single cells on the balancing efficiency, determine the adaptability of each of the single cells for balancing at the current moment, and determine the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells based on the adaptability; The balancing control module is used to perform balancing control on some of the single cells in the large-capacity battery pack based on the balancing priority corresponding to each of the single cells.

Images