High-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method. The high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method specifically comprises the following steps: step 1, node configuration; step 2, working mode switching; step 3, dual-core frequency point distribution; step 4, carrying out decentralized networking; step 5, network forwarding; the invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication. According to the high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method, on the basis of retaining the characteristics of LoRa and FSK, full-duplex, long-distance, high-speed and low-power-consumption regulation and control are achieved, the transmitting power and speed can be adjusted in real time through codes, decentralized networking can be carried out, central node or gateway arrangement is not needed, and the networking efficiency is improved. The local network communication performance and convenience are effectively improved, network deployment is facilitated, and the arrangement cost is effectively reduced while the mobility is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of Internet of Things technology, long-distance, low-power wireless communication technology has been widely used in various application scenarios. As a mature low-power wide area network (LPWAN) communication technology, LoRa (Long Range) technology has shown great potential in smart cities, agricultural monitoring, industrial Internet of Things and other fields due to its long-distance transmission capability and low power consumption characteristics.

[0003] However, in the current use of loRa modules, although long-distance communication can be achieved, half-duplex transmission and the speed are very slow. Most of the usage scenarios are data with small data volume or low speed requirements. There is no real-time control of transmission distance and transmission speed, and the function of transmitting images and audio cannot be achieved. At present, the LoRa networking type usually adopts star-shaped centralized networking. This networking method must have a gateway or central node, so it performs poorly in network deployment and mobility. A high-speed full-duplex decentralized LoRa networking method is proposed, which maintains the characteristics of LoRa and FSK and regulates them in time. The module has full-duplex, long-distance, high-speed and low-power consumption control. The transmission power and speed can be adjusted in real time through the code, and decentralized networking can be carried out without the need for central node or gateway deployment, which effectively improves the local network communication performance and convenience and reduces the deployment cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-speed full-duplex decentralized LoRa networking method, which solves the problems that the current LoRa module adopts half-duplex transmission and has a very slow speed. Most of the usage scenarios are data with small data volume or low speed requirements. There is no real-time control of transmission distance and transmission speed, and the function of transmitting images and audio cannot be achieved. The current LoRa networking type usually adopts star-shaped centralized networking. This networking method must have a gateway or central node, and has poor performance in network deployment and mobility.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Node configuration: Equip each network node with dual communication modules, each of which supports LoRa modulation and (G)FSK modulation;

[0007] Step 2: Switch working mode: evaluate the communication link quality in real time according to the received signal strength indication RSSI, and dynamically switch between LoRa modulation mode and (G)FSK modulation mode;

[0008] Step 3: Dual-core frequency allocation: During the network initialization phase, different working frequencies are allocated to each node;

[0009] Step 4: Decentralized networking: nodes initiate network access applications through broadcasting, use the neighbor discovery mechanism to establish a device list, and form a decentralized peer-to-peer network structure;

[0010] Step 5: Network forwarding: In a peer-to-peer network structure, data is forwarded between nodes via the shortest path or preset routing strategy.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: the dual communication module in step one includes two chips using SIP chip technology and integrating LoRa and ARM Cortex-M4 cores, and the chip integrates a LoRa radio transceiver, a LoRa modem and a 32-bit RISC MCU.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: one chip is used for receiving data, and the other chip is used for sending data.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: the method of dynamically switching the LoRa modulation mode and the (G)FSK modulation mode in step 2 includes:

[0014] Set the RSSI standard threshold. When the RSSI value of the received signal is lower than the standard threshold, the LoRa modulation mode is used to enhance the signal coverage.

[0015] When the RSSI value of the received signal is higher than the standard threshold, it switches to the (G)FSK modulation mode to increase the data transmission rate.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: the method of allocating different working frequencies to each node in step 3 includes:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, C n is the operating frequency of the nth node, A is the lowest operating frequency, B is the highest operating frequency, and K is the bandwidth.

[0019] The present invention is further configured as follows: the decentralized networking in step 4 further includes:

[0020] When a new node joins the network, it sends a network access request through broadcasting, and the surrounding nodes that have joined the network respond and help the new node to establish a device list;

[0021] A node periodically updates its device list.

[0022] The present invention is further configured as follows: the network forwarding in step 5 further includes:

[0023] The node selects the optimal path in the device list to forward data based on the address information of the destination node;

[0024] During data transmission, a confirmation mechanism is used to ensure the correct reception of data packets, and unconfirmed data packets are retransmitted.

[0025] The present invention provides a high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention retains the characteristics of LoRa and FSK and has full-duplex, long-distance, high-speed and low-power consumption control. The transmission power and speed can be adjusted in real time through the code. Decentralized networking can be carried out without the need for central node or gateway deployment, which effectively improves the communication performance and convenience of the local network, facilitates network deployment, improves mobility, and effectively reduces deployment costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Node configuration: Each network node is equipped with a dual communication module. Each dual communication module supports LoRa modulation and (G)FSK modulation. The dual communication module includes two chips that use SIP chip technology and integrate LoRa and ARM Cortex-M4 cores. The chip integrates LoRa radio transceiver, LoRa modem and 32-bit RISC MCU, specifically, LoRa technology uses linear frequency modulation spread spectrum modulation technology, maintaining the same low power consumption characteristics as frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation, but significantly increasing the communication distance. LoRa can operate on different frequency bands, including 433, 868, 915MHz, etc. The module can support LoRa and FSK modulation at the same time. The reason for supporting LoRa and FSK modulation is that these two modulation methods are suitable for different communication needs and scenarios. LoRa is a spread spectrum protocol that optimizes low data rate, ultra-long distance and ultra-low power consumption communications, and is suitable for LPWAN applications, while FSK modulation is suitable for some traditional communication needs. These modules have built-in high-performance wireless transceiver chips and support multiple modulation methods to meet different application requirements. One chip is used to receive data and the other chip is used to send data, realizing full-duplex communication in a dual-chip dual-antenna manner.

[0031] Step 2: Switch working mode: evaluate the communication link quality in real time according to the received signal strength indicator RSSI, and dynamically switch between LoRa modulation mode and (G)FSK modulation mode. The specific methods include:

[0032] Set the RSSI standard threshold. When the RSSI value of the received signal is lower than the standard threshold, the LoRa modulation mode is used to enhance the signal coverage.

[0033] When the RSSI value of the received signal is higher than the standard threshold, it switches to the (G)FSK modulation mode to increase the data transmission rate.

[0034] Among them, RSSI is a term in radio frequency signal theory, which is mainly used for distance measurement between transmitter and receiver. This method determines the distance based on the energy intensity of the received signal, and has high requirements on communication channel parameters. Its ranging theory is: based on the transmission of radio waves or sound waves in the medium, the signal power attenuates with the propagation distance. According to the transmission power of the known signal of the beacon node and the signal power received by the node, the distance between the nodes can be calculated through the attenuation model between the signal and the distance. The working mode of the module is switched in real time by the signal strength RSSI of the received message. When the signal strength is good, it switches to the (G)FSK mode for high-speed transmission. When the signal strength is poor and the distance is long, it can switch to the LoRa mode for stable transmission, which takes into account the functions of high-speed transmission and long-distance stable transmission.

[0035] Step 3: Dual-core frequency allocation: During the network initialization phase, different working frequencies are allocated to each node. The allocation methods include:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, C n is the operating frequency of the nth node, A is the lowest operating frequency, B is the highest operating frequency, and K is the bandwidth.

[0038] Step 4: Decentralized networking: Nodes initiate network access applications through broadcasting, use the neighbor discovery mechanism to establish a device list, and form a decentralized peer-to-peer network structure. When a new node joins the network, it sends a network access request through broadcasting. The surrounding nodes that have joined the network respond and help the new node to establish a device list, and the node regularly updates its device list.

[0039] To further explain, when the module is initialized to access the decentralized peer-to-peer network structure, it will start to search for access from the first node, and will communicate with each frequency module by frequency hopping through the transmitting channel and the receiving channel, and calculate the frequency of each module in the network list through the formula proposed in step 3.

[0040] As a form of network discovery, the neighbor discovery mechanism is mainly used to discover new nodes and neighbor nodes in the network and to establish corresponding device lists. Network discovery is mainly carried out by means of network scanning and list maintenance. Network scanning refers to the MP nodes in the network monitoring the neighbor nodes around them by actively sending or listening to Beacon signals, while list maintenance is to add the information of neighbor nodes belonging to the same network discovered through network scanning to the list. If the discovered neighbor node is a new node, it can be discovered by the entire network through the routing table.

[0041] Step 5. Network forwarding: In a peer-to-peer network structure, data is forwarded between nodes through the shortest path or preset routing strategy. Specifically, the node selects the optimal path in the device list for data forwarding based on the address information of the destination node. During the data transmission process, a confirmation mechanism is used to ensure the correct reception of data packets, and unconfirmed data packets are retransmitted. When the communication is unconnected, the node module will adopt single-hop or multi-hop communication, send the communication content to the adjacent node module in the list, and try to jump communication.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method, characterized by: The specific steps include: Step 1: Node configuration: Equip each network node with dual communication modules, each of which supports LoRa modulation and (G)FSK modulation; Step 2: Switch working mode: evaluate the communication link quality in real time according to the received signal strength indication RSSI, and dynamically switch between LoRa modulation mode and (G)FSK modulation mode; Step 3: Dual-core frequency allocation: During the network initialization phase, different working frequencies are allocated to each node; Step 4: Decentralized networking: nodes initiate network access applications through broadcasting, use the neighbor discovery mechanism to establish a device list, and form a decentralized peer-to-peer network structure; Step 5: Network forwarding: In a peer-to-peer network structure, data is forwarded between nodes via the shortest path or preset routing strategy.

2. A high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual communication module in step 1 includes two chips that adopt SIP chip technology and integrate LoRa and ARM Cortex-M4 cores. The chip integrates a LoRa radio transceiver, a LoRa modem and a 32-bit RISC MCU.

3. A high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method according to claim 2, characterized in that: One of the chips is used to receive data, and the other chip is used to send data.

4. A high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of dynamically switching the LoRa modulation mode and the (G)FSK modulation mode in step 2 includes: Set the RSSI standard threshold. When the RSSI value of the received signal is lower than the standard threshold, the LoRa modulation mode is used to enhance the signal coverage. When the RSSI value of the received signal is higher than the standard threshold, it switches to the (G)FSK modulation mode to increase the data transmission rate.

5. A high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of allocating different working frequencies to each node in step 3 includes: In the formula, C n is the operating frequency of the nth node, A is the lowest operating frequency, B is the highest operating frequency, and K is the bandwidth.

6. A high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decentralized networking in step 4 further includes: When a new node joins the network, it sends a network access request through broadcasting, and the surrounding nodes that have joined the network respond and help the new node to establish a device list; A node periodically updates its device list.

7. A high-speed full-duplex decentralized Lora networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The network forwarding in step 5 further includes: The node selects the optimal path in the device list to forward data based on the address information of the destination node; During data transmission, a confirmation mechanism is used to ensure the correct reception of data packets, and unconfirmed data packets are retransmitted.

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