System for separating CO2 from air during electromagnetic induction using adsorbent material

Abstract

The invention relates to an air purification device (100) for removing CO2 from a gas and to a vehicle having a life support system with such an air purification device (100). The air purification device (100) comprises an adsorber bed module (1), a controller (7), an alternating magnetic field generator and a vacuum pump (9). The adsorber bed module (1) comprises a cavity (2), an inlet valve (3), an outlet valve (4), an adsorbent material (5) located within the cavity (2), and an inductor coil (6) of a magnetic field generator. The adsorbent material (5) has magnetic properties. The controller (7) is configured to control the air purification device (100) in one of an adsorption phase, an evacuation phase and a regeneration phase. In an adsorption phase, gas flowing through the cavity from the inlet valve (3) and out of the outlet valve (4) penetrates the adsorbent material (5). As a result, the adsorbent (5) adsorbs CO2 from the gas. In an emptying phase, the chamber (2) is emptied by means of a vacuum pump (9). During a regeneration phase, the inlet valve (3) and the outlet valve (4) are in a closed state and the controller (7) is configured to activate the magnetic field generator (6), thereby heating the adsorbent material (5) by induction heating and desorbing CO2 from the adsorbent material (5).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to removing CO from air 2 and more particularly to methods for removing CO from ambient air using magnetic induction heating for regeneration of adsorbent materials 2 The present disclosure also relates to a vehicle having a life support system utilizing such an air purification device, such as a submarine vehicle or a spacecraft or a hyperloop train or other enclosed places. Background Art

[0002] In many applications, it is necessary or desirable to separate CO from ambient air. 2 For example, in enclosed locations such as submarine vehicles, space stations or other spacecraft, it is necessary to remove CO from the ambient air. 2 For life support purposes. 2 The separation of CO from cabin air is the most important function of life support systems. 2 The concentration is in the range of 0.2% to 0.5% by volume (equal to 2000 ppm to 5000 ppm). Another example is the separation of CO from ambient air in so-called Direct Air Capture (DAC) systems. 2 This technology is gaining more and more attention to offset the increase in atmospheric CO 2 concentration (actually about 400ppm) and can collect CO for PtG or PtL (power-to-gas, power-to-liquid) plants 2 For the production of CO 2 Neutral synthetic fuels. Other examples are CO 2 Separation is combined with air conditioning systems to improve overall system efficiency in, for example, fixed applications such as buildings or even mobile applications such as aircraft.

[0003] For the above applications, CO 2 Low energy consumption for the capture and release process is very important. In the prior art, solutions are known that utilize, for example, steam to regenerate the adsorbent material. However, such solutions require complex water management systems (including water tanks, pumps, sensors and controllers) and steam generators. In addition, such solutions for separating CO from air are not suitable for the production of adsorbents. 2 Solutions to produce one ton of CO 2 Approximately 2000 kWh of energy are consumed, of which 25% corresponds to the electrical energy demand and 75% to the thermal energy demand. Furthermore, particularly for aviation and aerospace applications, a reduction in weight is important. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight air cleaning device with a reduced overall energy requirement.

[0005] This object is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Further embodiments are described in the dependent claims and in the following description.

[0006] According to a first aspect, there is provided a method for removing CO from a gas. 2 An air purification device. The air purification device includes an adsorber bed module, a controller and a vacuum pump. The adsorber bed module includes a cavity, an inlet valve, an outlet valve, an adsorbent material in the cavity and a magnetic field generator configured to generate an alternating magnetic field acting on the cavity. The adsorbent material has magnetic properties. The controller is configured to control the opening state of the inlet valve and the opening state of the outlet valve, as well as the activation state of the magnetic field generator and the activation state of the vacuum pump, so that the air purification device selectively operates in one of the adsorption stage, the emptying stage and the regeneration stage. In the adsorption stage, the inlet valve is in an open state and the outlet valve is in an open state and the magnetic field generator is deactivated, so that the gas flowing from the inlet valve through the cavity and out of the outlet valve penetrates the adsorbent material. Thereby, the adsorbent material adsorbs CO from the gas. 2 In the evacuation phase, the inlet valve is in a closed state and the outlet valve is in a closed state and the controller is configured to command the vacuum pump to evacuate the chamber. In the regeneration phase, the inlet valve is in a closed state and the outlet valve is in a closed state and the controller is configured to enable the magnetic field generator, thereby heating the adsorbent material by induction heating and desorbing CO from the adsorbent material. 2 .

[0007] The gas for use with the air purification device may be, for example, ambient air (e.g., ambient air in a cabin of an enclosed space such as a spacecraft, a submarine vehicle, a hyperloop train, etc.) or technical gas or a gas containing CO to be separated from the gas. 2 Furthermore, it should be noted that the separation mechanism utilized is not limited to an adsorption process. Specifically, a process for separating CO from a gas may be utilized. 2 Any adsorption process, for example, an absorption process. For an absorption process, for example, the porous magnetic material can be filled with an absorbent (such as MEA (monoethanolamine) or IL (ionic liquid)) by capillary forces. The term "adsorption" is to be understood in the above sense.

[0008] The adsorber bed module is the main functional unit of the air purification device. The chamber is a closed cavity that can be filled and emptied with the help of inlet and outlet valves. In addition, the chamber encloses the adsorbent material.

[0009] The adsorbent material can be capable of binding CO in the air when the air comes into contact with the adsorbent material. 2Since the adsorbent material is arranged in the chamber, the gas blown into the inlet valve (e.g., by means of a fan) must pass through the adsorbent material before leaving through the outlet valve. The adsorbent material can be arranged in an adsorbent bed support structure. The complete adsorbent bed support structure is preferably made of non-magnetic and non-conductive material to avoid energy loss into the support structure and to ensure that energy is only input into the adsorbent material.

[0010] The adsorbent material may, for example (as further described below with respect to one embodiment) comprise a functionalized solid amine material comprising a solid amine polymer material and a magnetic inorganic material (providing magnetic properties to the adsorbent material). However, other functional groups may also be used in place of the amine material. For example, pyridine, imidazole, guanidine, phosphazene, etc. may be used in place of amine. However, this listing is exemplary only. Any material having the desired properties may be used.

[0011] In this way, during the adsorption phase, the CO present in the feed air entering via the inlet valve 2 The molecules are adsorbed by the adsorbent material. Therefore, the air leaving through the outlet valve does not contain (mostly) the bound CO 2 During the adsorption phase, due to the CO 2 Chemical interactions of molecules with adsorbent materials such as functional amine groups or other basic functional groups, CO 2 is removed from the ambient air and bound by the adsorbent material. The feed gas may be, for example, CO 2 Ambient air with a concentration in the range of, for example, 400 ppm to 5000 ppm. The feed gas may optionally undergo a pre-drying procedure by means of a condensing heat exchanger (CHX) in the feed line before reaching the inlet valve. The exhaust gas (air leaving via the outlet valve) is a very low CO 2 However, once the adsorbent material is saturated, it can no longer bind additional CO 2 molecules and require regeneration (removal of adsorbed CO 2 Once the target CO is reached on the material 2 When the loading capacity is reached, the adsorption step ends and the emptying phase and the subsequent regeneration phase begin.

[0012] Before regenerating the adsorbent material, the (at least partially) "purified" air still present in the chamber after the inlet and outlet valves are closed needs to be removed from the chamber. Therefore, during the evacuation phase, this purified air is evacuated by means of a vacuum pump, for example via a vacuum pump valve. The vacuum pump output terminal can, for example, be connected to a three-way valve so that the purified air from the evacuation phase and the CO from the recovery phase are removed from the chamber. 2The gas can be directed in different ways. This air recovery process (evacuation phase) is particularly needed in life support systems for aviation / aerospace or submarine applications to limit air losses during the mission. The residual air removed from the adsorption bed before the regeneration phase can be used in a PtX (power-to-gas or power-to-liquid) plant, since CO with high purity and minimal air impurities can then be produced in the regeneration phase. 2 gas.

[0013] During the regeneration phase, the CO adsorbed by the adsorbent material 2 The molecules are removed. For this purpose, the adsorbent material is heated to the desorption temperature. The desorbed CO 2 Then it can be removed from the chamber, for example, by means of a vacuum pump. To this end, the three-way valve described above can be set, for example, to another position, so that, for example, CO 2 Direct the CO 2 Feed to another system for further processing.

[0014] For example, CO recovered in this way 2 Can be used in PtX systems to produce synthetic fuels. If the air purification device is used as part of a life support system, for example in submarines or aviation / aerospace applications, then CO 2 The gas can also be directed to the outside. In addition, the air purification unit can be used to recover CO from the atmosphere. 2 .

[0015] Optionally, in order to 2 Removing residual moisture from the gas stream and protecting other devices or systems, such as vacuum pumps or other downstream processing systems from condensate formation can be done in CO 2 Another CHX is integrated in the gas section after the adsorber bed module. 2 In the gas section, you can install, for example, CO 2 Other units of compressor.

[0016] The heating of the adsorbent material occurs by magnetic induction heating via a magnetic field generator, which may, for example, include an alternating current generator (high frequency generator, HF generator) and an electric coil as further described below with respect to an embodiment, the electric coil surrounding the cavity and the adsorbent material, and using the electric coil to generate an alternating high frequency magnetic field in the cavity and therefore in the adsorbent material. The adsorbent material has magnetic properties (as further described below) so that the adsorbent material can be heated by the alternating magnetic field. This will result in heating the adsorbent material by energy absorbed from the alternating magnetic field (due to the magnetic properties of the adsorbent material, the magnetism being provided, for example, by a magnetic inorganic material incorporated into the adsorbent material, as further described below). As the temperature increases, the CO2 The gas is desorbed from the adsorbent material in the PTSA process. This is aided by a vacuum pump which remains active and permanently removes the desorbed CO from the cavity of the adsorber bed module. 2 By switching the three-way valve (described above) during the heating phase to, for example, CO 2 The direction of the gas aftertreatment system can then be constant CO 2 The gas stream is directed, for example, to a PtX plant. Alternatively, the CO produced 2 The gas can also be stored in tanks or other CO 2 storage capacity, or can be directed to CO 2 compressors for converting CO into 2 During the regeneration phase, CO 2 Gas Sensors Monitor CO 2 Gas quality. In addition, CO 2 Gas flow can optionally be adjusted with CO 2 The (mass) flow meter and the pressure sensor are controlled, and the power applied to the magnetic field generator (i.e., the power from the HF generator to the electrical coil in the corresponding embodiment) and / or the vacuum pump speed can be adjusted so as to maintain an optimal CO 2 Gas flow.

[0017] Furthermore, since the temperature dependence of the magnetic properties of the magnetic material used is known, the electrical response of the system, such as impedance or harmonic generation, can optionally be monitored and used to gain information about the temperature within the adsorber bed module and control the applied power accordingly.

[0018] The controller may be any device capable of controlling the opening state of the valve and the operating states of the magnetic field generator and the vacuum pump, such as a general purpose computer having a CPU and memory components, an FPGA device, an ASIC, or any other suitable device.

[0019] The adsorber bed modules can be operated by a controller in a cyclical manner between an adsorption phase, an emptying phase, and a regeneration phase. Once the regeneration phase is completed (e.g., this can be accomplished by CO 2 As the flow rate begins to drop below the minimum gas flow rate (determined by the minimum gas flow rate), the next adsorption stage begins and the process continues with the next operating cycle.

[0020] Furthermore, advantageously, there is a second adsorber bed module which is identical to the first adsorber bed module and which is connected in parallel to the first adsorber bed module. In other words, in this configuration, the inlet valve of the first adsorber bed module and the inlet valve of the second adsorber bed module are connected to the same feed line, and the outlet valve of the first adsorber bed module and the outlet valve of the second adsorber bed module are connected to the same discharge line. The second adsorber bed module can then be operated in the opposite direction to the first adsorber bed module, so that when the first adsorber bed module is in the adsorption phase, the second adsorber bed module is in the regeneration phase, and when the second adsorber bed module is in the adsorption phase, the first adsorber bed module is in the regeneration phase. Furthermore, heat transfer between the two adsorber bed modules is therefore possible because the adsorber bed modules are operated in the opposite direction to each other. A single vacuum pump or multiple vacuum pumps can be used for the two adsorber bed modules. The same applies to the HF generator in the corresponding embodiment. In this way, at any time, one of the adsorber bed modules is "purifying" the air while the other adsorber bed module is regenerating, thereby providing "purified" air and CO 2 Furthermore, any other number of adsorber bed modules greater than two connected in parallel in the manner described may be suitably used and controlled.

[0021] The disclosed system reduces the energy requirements of the entire process. The electrical consumption is reduced by an optimized design of the ion exchange resin adsorbent bed, for example in the shape of a cylindrical ring. The air can be blown, for example, radially through the adsorbent bed, thereby minimizing the pressure drop, which is particularly desirable for DAC systems, where the air flow is increased due to the low CO in the feed air. 2 The heat requirement is significantly reduced by using an electrical regeneration process called electromagnetic induction heating. In this process, heating is achieved by a high-frequency magnetic field in a PTSA process (pressure and temperature swing process).

[0022] According to an embodiment, the adsorption material is a functionalized solid amine material.

[0023] According to another embodiment, the functionalized solid amine material comprises a solid amine polymer material and a magnetic inorganic material. The solid amine polymer material and the magnetic inorganic material are one of the following: each in the form of particles, wherein the solid amine polymer material particles and the magnetic inorganic material particles are loosely mixed together; each in the form of particles, wherein the magnetic inorganic material particles are incorporated into the solid amine polymer material particles as smaller particles; or the magnetic inorganic material constructs a particle core coated with the solid amine polymer material.

[0024] Solid amine materials (e.g., functionalized solid amine resins) can be used to capture CO 2 , because these materials can2 The highest CO concentration 2 load capacity and at the same time due to CO 2 The invention relates to a method for producing a polymer-based solid amine resin having a very high selectivity due to the chemical interaction of the amine molecules with the functional amine groups. A functionalized solid amine resin is used that combines a polymer solid amine material with a magnetic inorganic material so that the original polymer-based material can be regenerated by heating with a high-frequency magnetic field via induction heating. Thus, the magnetic inorganic material is heated by the magnetic field during the regeneration phase, which in turn heats the solid amine polymer material. In other words, the magnetic inorganic material provides the adsorbent material with the desired magnetic properties as further described above to inductively heat the adsorbent material. When the desorption temperature is reached, the CO bound to the functional amine groups is heated to a high frequency magnetic field via induction heating. 2 The molecules are released and the adsorption material can then be used again in the next cycle in the adsorption phase.

[0025] Both the solid amine polymer material and the magnetic inorganic material can be manufactured as separate particles that are loosely mixed together, just like two powder materials mixed together. The material mixture can also undergo additional mechanical compaction by applying mechanical force, the purpose of which is to prevent demixing and improve thermal contact between the magnetic inorganic material and the solid amine polymer material. Through this process, a mold is formed. In order to minimize the pressure drop, the mold can contain open channels (e.g., a honeycomb structure).

[0026] In order to avoid the demixing of the solid amine polymer material and the magnetic inorganic material, the magnetic inorganic material can also be constructed as particles smaller than the particles of the solid amine polymer material. A plurality of such smaller particles can be incorporated into each solid amine material particle in the solid amine material particles. In this way, the induction heating of the magnetic inorganic material particles directly heats the solid amine material particles from the inside. Because the magnetic inorganic material particles are incorporated into the solid amine material particles, the two types of particles are always in direct contact with each other, thereby improving heat transfer. As a non-limiting example, the size of the magnetic inorganic material particles to be incorporated into the solid amine material particles is preferably in the range of hundreds of nanometers to tens of microns. The most preferred size is 2μm to 10μm.

[0027] A single magnetic inorganic material particle can also construct a single core particle of each solid amine material particle. In other words, each solid amine material particle can have its own core made of a magnetic inorganic material. In particular, the solid amine material can be coated on a core made of a magnetic inorganic material.

[0028] Furthermore, any combination of the above forms may be used for the adsorbent material.

[0029] The particles of the magnetic inorganic material to be distributed within the solid amine material may also be porous, the purpose of which is to improve gas transport through the adsorption material.

[0030] According to another embodiment, the magnetic inorganic material comprises at least one of the following: a metal alloy based on at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron or nickel or cobalt or a combination thereof; a compound based on chromium dioxide; a compound based on iron oxide. Other compounds containing metal ions and compositions of the aforementioned compounds are also conceivable.

[0031] The most preferred magnetic inorganic material is a ferrite, a compound from a group of ferrimagnetic ceramic compounds derived from iron oxide and usually doped with an element selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, manganese, copper, zinc, strontium and barium.

[0032] According to another embodiment, the surface of the magnetic inorganic material particles is functionalized with chemical functional groups to improve wettability by and adhesion to the solid amine polymer material.

[0033] The surface chemical functionality can provide electrostatic coupling to the amine due to negative charge and / or covalent coupling. This further avoids demixing of the magnetic inorganic material with the solid amine polymer material.

[0034] According to another embodiment, the surface chemical functional groups include at least one of carboxyl, epoxide, isocyanate, thiol, and isothiocyanate.

[0035] Furthermore, silane is preferably used as a coupling agent.

[0036] According to another embodiment, the solid amine polymer material and / or the magnetic inorganic material is coated with a solid binder material, thereby increasing stability against demixing and thermal contact.

[0037] This can be achieved by pre-coating the magnetic inorganic material particles and / or the solid amine polymer material particles with a solid binder material and thermally activating the binder during or after mechanical compaction.

[0038] According to another embodiment, the adsorbent material is arranged in a cylindrical or polygonal bed within the cavity, such that air entering the cavity penetrates the cylindrical or polygonal bed containing the adsorbent material in a radial direction.

[0039] In particular, the cylindrical or polygonal bed is arranged within the chamber so that the axis of symmetry of the bed is perpendicular to the radial direction of the chamber. By arranging the adsorbent material in this way and by having the air penetrate the bed in a radial direction, the distance the air has to travel through the bed is kept small, thereby keeping the pressure drop low.

[0040] According to another embodiment, the cylindrical or polygonal bed comprises an integrated honeycomb structure.

[0041] For example, a plurality of flat (unbent) structures with an internal honeycomb structure can be added together so that the flat structures construct a circumferentially closed polygonal structure. However, it is also conceivable to incorporate the honeycomb structure into a cylindrical closed (circular) structure. By including a honeycomb structure in a cylindrical or polygonal bed filled with adsorbent material, the honeycomb constructs a superordinate macrostructure. Each honeycomb in the honeycomb is filled with adsorbent material. In particular, if the adsorbent material is a mixture of solid amine material particles and magnetic inorganic material particles, these particles may be separated, for example, due to vibration. The macrostructure constructed by the honeycomb only allows the separation of particles within a single honeycomb cell. However, complete and large-scale separation of particles can be avoided.

[0042] According to another embodiment, the magnetic properties of the adsorbent material include a Curie temperature above which the magnetic properties of the adsorbent material are greater than the Curie temperature for desorbing the adsorbed CO from the adsorbent material. 2 The desired temperature is below a temperature that has a negative impact on the adsorbent material, so that the adsorbent material loses its magnetic properties when the Curie temperature is reached. This provides a self-regulating induction heating that prevents overheating of the adsorbent material.

[0043] The adsorbent material loses its ability to absorb energy from the magnetic field as it loses its magnetic properties, and therefore further heating stops automatically. As a non-limiting example, the Curie temperature may be in the range of about 105°C. Self-regulation allows for a very uniform temperature distribution across the adsorbent material and hinders excess energy input into the adsorbent material. This further makes the entire process more energy efficient.

[0044] According to another embodiment, the adsorber bed is enclosed by a magnetic shield having a high magnetic permeability to shield the surroundings of the adsorber bed from the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator.

[0045] Because high magnetic field strengths are necessary for inductive heating of the adsorbent material, magnetic shielding may be necessary in order to protect other electrical or electronic equipment.

[0046] In addition to or as an alternative to the magnetic shield, in configurations with more than one adsorber bed module, in order to reduce electromagnetic interference in sensitive environments, the adsorber bed modules are arranged in a manner to minimize stray magnetic fields. Specifically, this can be achieved by using an even number of adsorber bed modules, which are placed in parallel adjacent to each other and electrically connected to produce magnetic currents of equal value but opposite sign. In addition, stray magnetic fields can be short-circuited by materials with high magnetic permeability and low losses.

[0047] According to another embodiment, the magnetic field generator includes an inductor coil extending along an outer surface of a housing defining the cavity.

[0048] When a high frequency current is supplied to the inductor coil, the inductor coil generates an alternating magnetic field which is present in the cavity and penetrates the adsorbent material. Thus, inductive heating of the adsorbent material having magnetic properties is promoted. The inductor coil can be wound on the housing in any suitable winding direction. In particular, the inductor coil can be wound such that the longitudinal axis of the inductor coil extends along the longitudinal axis defined between the inlet valve and the outlet valve. However, this is only a non-limiting example. Other winding directions are also conceivable.

[0049] According to another embodiment, the inlet valve and the outlet valve are made of a material with high magnetic permeability, thereby improving the magnetic shielding of the adsorption bed with respect to the environment.

[0050] This can be particularly useful when using a magnetic shield to close the surrounding shielding if the valve is in the closed position. By the additional shielding function of the valve, magnetic emissions can be eliminated and the uniformity of the electromagnetic field within the adsorber bed module (i.e., particularly within the cavity) can be improved for uniform heating of the adsorbent material. This is particularly beneficial for submarine and aerospace / aerospace applications.

[0051] According to a second aspect, a vehicle having a life support system is provided. The life support system comprises an air purification device as described above. The air purification device is configured to remove CO from the ambient air in the vehicle. 2 .

[0052] Depending on the embodiment, the vehicle is a submarine vehicle, a spacecraft, a hyperloop train, or another enclosed location application.

[0053] In summary, the present disclosure provides an energy-saving and lightweight air purification device that can be used, for example, to separate CO from cabin air in enclosed locations such as space stations, submarines, or hyperloop trains. 2 , or for separation of CO from ambient air in Direct Air Capture (DAC) systems 2 , or in combination with air conditioning systems in buildings or aircraft. In addition, the system allows the generation of CO with very high purity 2 Gas, the CO 2 The gas can be further processed in other systems downstream, such as PtX (power-to-gas or power-to-liquid) plants for the production of synthetic fuels. In the latter case in particular, the disclosed system can capture CO from the atmosphere. 2 , thereby achieving CO 2 Energy-efficient production of neutral synthetic fuels.

[0054] Although the present disclosure is described with respect to aviation and submarine applications, it should be noted that the present disclosure may be used in any suitable application, such as in automotive applications, train applications, and any other application requiring removal of CO from the air. 2 Similar applications of . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In the following, exemplary embodiments are described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are schematic and not drawn to scale. The same reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements. The accompanying drawings show:

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an air purification device.

[0057] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of three variations of functionalized adsorbent materials.

[0058] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a honeycomb support structure for adsorbent material used in an air purification device.

[0059] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of two adsorber bed modules which results in reduced magnetic interference. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an air purification device 100 is shown. The air purification device 100 comprises two adsorber bed modules 1, of which only the details are shown for the first adsorber bed module 1. The adsorber bed modules 1 are connected in parallel between a common feed line 27 and a common discharge line 28. The adsorber bed modules 1 are each connected to the feed line via an inlet valve 3 and to the discharge line via an outlet valve 4.

[0061] The feed line 27 further comprises an air fan 12 for supplying ambient air 14 to the adsorber bed module 1. A first condensing heat exchanger (CHX) 11 is arranged in the feed line 27 between the air fan 12 and the inlet valve 3. The first CHX 11 is used to pre-dry the ambient air 14 before supplying the ambient air 14 to the adsorber bed module 1. The first CHX 11 comprises a condensate release valve 16, a cooling water inlet 18 and a cooling water outlet 19, and a temperature sensor 20.

[0062] The exhaust line 28 carries the CO purged gas from the adsorber bed module 1. 2 The air 15 is provided to the environment.

[0063] Each of the adsorber bed modules 1 (only the first adsorber bed module 1 is shown) comprises a housing defining a chamber 2, an induction coil 6 (magnetic field generator 6) and an adsorbent material 5. The adsorbent material 5 is arranged in the chamber 2 in the form of a cylindrical bed 8. The adsorbent material 5 is held inside a non-magnetic and non-conductive support structure (not shown). The chamber 2 of each of the adsorber bed modules 1 is also connected to a vacuum line 29, which is connected to a second condensing heat exchanger (CHX) 11 via a vacuum pump valve 13. The second CHX 11 is in turn connected to a vacuum pump 9, which is connected to a three-way valve 24.

[0064] The adsorbent material 5 comprises a functionalized solid amine material comprising a solid amine polymer material and a magnetic inorganic material providing magnetic properties to the adsorbent material 5. The solid amine polymer material is configured to adsorb CO from air in contact with the solid amine polymer material. 2 The adsorbent material 5 (functionalized solid amine material) can be prepared according to the following description Figure 2 Any of the further described variations may be configured.

[0065] The controller 7 is configured to control the opening state of each of the valves 3, 4, 13, the activation state of at least one HF generator that supplies electrical energy to the induction coil 6, and the activation state of the vacuum pump 9, so that each of the adsorber bed modules 1 operates in one of the adsorption phase, the emptying phase, and the regeneration phase. It should be noted that a single HF generator may supply electrical energy to all of the induction coils 6, or each of the induction coils 6 may have a separate HF generator.

[0066] During the adsorption stage, the inlet valve 3 and the outlet valve 4 of the corresponding adsorber bed module 1 are opened. The air fan 12 blows ambient air 14 into the corresponding adsorber bed module 1 through the first CHX 11 through the corresponding inlet valve 3. The ambient air 14 (containing CO 2 ) flows into the cavity 2 of the corresponding adsorber bed module 1 and penetrates the adsorbent material in the radial direction. As a result, the solid amine polymer material adsorbs CO from the ambient air 14. 2 molecules. Removes CO 2 The air 15 leaves the chamber via the exhaust line 28. When one of the adsorber bed modules 1 is in the adsorption phase, the other adsorber bed module 1 is in the regeneration phase as described below, thereby providing continuous CO 2 The product gas 23 stream (via vacuum line 29) and the continuous removal of CO 2 A flow of air 15.

[0067] As soon as the adsorption material 5 of the corresponding adsorber bed module 5 is saturated and therefore can no longer adsorb any CO 2 , the adsorbent material 5 must be regenerated, which means that the adsorbed CO 2 Need to be desorbed and removed from the chamber. However, first the purified air already present in the chamber 2 must be removed from the chamber 2. Therefore, the controller 7 controls the adsorption bed 1 already in the adsorption stage to switch to the emptying stage.

[0068] During the evacuation phase, the controller 7 closes the inlet valve 3 and outlet valve 4 of the corresponding adsorber bed module 1 and activates the vacuum pump 9. The three-way valve 24 is set to the air recovery gas 22 (recovered from the corresponding chamber 2 at least partially cleaned of CO 2 Once the chamber 2 is emptied (e.g. determined by means of the pressure sensor 21), the controller 7 switches the corresponding adsorber bed module 1 from the evacuation phase to the regeneration phase. At the same time, another of the adsorber bed modules 1 is set to the adsorption phase as described above. Evacuating the chamber 2 before regeneration 2 The product gas 23 is particularly important in applications where it is further processed downstream, for example in PtX systems for producing synthetic fuels, since for such purposes the purest possible CO 2 Gas is required, and the purified air in chamber 2 will dilute the CO 2 .

[0069] In the regeneration phase, the corresponding inlet valve 3 and outlet valve 4 remain closed and the induction coil 6 of the corresponding adsorber bed module 1 is enabled, thereby generating a high-frequency alternating magnetic field in the chamber 2 and thus in the adsorbent material 5. The vacuum pump 9 remains enabled. Since the adsorbent material 5 comprises a magnetic inorganic material, the material is heated by the induction field and transfers heat to the solid amine polymer material by contact. When the solid amine polymer material reaches a certain desorption temperature (e.g., 105° C.), the solid amine polymer material releases the CO adsorbed during the adsorption phase. 2 The CO 2 The product gas 23 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 9. The three-way valve 24 is thus arranged, for example, to a gas tank or a downstream CO 2 treatment facility or system. The end of the regeneration phase can be achieved, for example, by CO 2 The flow meter 25 performs detection.

[0070] Once the complete cycle consisting of the adsorption phase, the evacuation phase and the regeneration phase is completed, the controller will loop back and repeat the complete cycle. Because the first adsorber bed module 1 and the second adsorber bed module 1 are operated in reverse at all times, a constant CO 2In addition, the temperature sensor 20, the pressure sensor 21 and the CO 2 Flow meter 25 and CO 2 The gas concentration sensor 26 can be configured to set the power of the sensor coil accordingly to achieve the required CO 2 flow.

[0071] Figure 2 Three variants 30 , 31 , 32 of the composition of the adsorption material 5 are shown.

[0072] In the first variant 30, both the magnetic inorganic material and the solid amine polymer material are in the form of particles. The sizes of the magnetic inorganic material particles 33 and the solid amine polymer material particles 34 are roughly equal and loosely mixed together. However, the material can also undergo a compression process in order to improve adhesion. In addition, the surface of the magnetic inorganic material particles 33 can be functionalized with chemical functional groups to improve wettability by the solid amine polymer material particles 34 and adhesion to the solid amine polymer material particles 34. In addition, the solid amine polymer material particles 34 and / or the magnetic inorganic material particles 33 can be coated with a solid binding material, thereby improving stability against demixing and thermal contact.

[0073] In the second variation 31, the magnetic inorganic material particles 33 are significantly smaller than the solid amine polymer material particles 34. A plurality of magnetic inorganic material particles are incorporated into each solid amine polymer material particle 34.

[0074] In a third variation 32 , particles of magnetic inorganic material 33 constitute a core coated with a solid amine polymer material 34 .

[0075] The adsorption material 5 can be configured according to any one of these variants 30 , 31 , 32 .

[0076] Figure 3 A honeycomb support structure for adsorbent material 5 is schematically shown in plan view and in cross-sectional view. The support structure is a flat support structure having a honeycomb structure 10. Individual cells of the honeycomb structure 10 can be filled with adsorbent material 5, thereby constructing a superordinate macrostructure. Therefore, only the particles (magnetic inorganic material particles and solid amine polymer material particles) within each cell can be separated or demixed from each other. However, the superordinate macrostructure still ensures uniform heating. Figure 3 Multiple support structures shown in can be added together to construct a polygonal closed loop as further described above.

[0077] Figure 4The arrangement of two adsorber bed modules 1 is shown. The modules 1 are arranged so that the magnetic fields between the adsorber bed modules largely cancel each other out. Additional magnetic shielding, for example by means of a material with a high magnetic permeability surrounding the device, may be necessary to prevent strong magnetic fields from interfering with the surrounding environment.

[0078] It should be noted that "comprising" or "including" does not exclude other elements or steps, and "one" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. It should also be noted that features or steps that have been described with reference to any of the above embodiments may also be used in combination with other features or steps of the other embodiments described above. The reference numerals in the claims should not be considered as limiting.

[0079] Reference numerals list

[0080] 1 Adsorber bed module

[0081] 2 chambers

[0082] 3 Inlet valve

[0083] 4 Outlet valve

[0084] 5 Adsorption materials

[0085] 6 Magnetic field generator, inductor coil

[0086] 7 Controller

[0087] 8 Cylindrical or polygonal bed

[0088] 9 Vacuum pump

[0089] 10 Honeycomb structure

[0090] 11 Condensing heat exchanger (CHX)

[0091] 12 Air Fan

[0092] 13 Vacuum pump valve

[0093] 14 Ambient air

[0094] 15 Removed CO 2 Air

[0095] 16 Condensate release valve

[0096] 17 Condensate

[0097] 18 Cooling water inlet

[0098] 19 Cooling water outlet

[0099] 20 Temperature Sensor

[0100] 21. Pressure sensor

[0101] 22 Air recovery gas

[0102] 23 CO 2 Product gas

[0103] 24 Three-way valve

[0104] 25 CO 2 Flow Meter

[0105] 26 CO 2 Gas concentration sensor

[0106] 27 Feed line

[0107] 28 Discharge line

[0108] 29 Vacuum lines

[0109] 30 Adsorption material variant 1

[0110] 31 Adsorption material variant 2

[0111] 32 Adsorption material variant 3

[0112] 100 Air purification device.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining a 2 Remove CO from the gas 2 An air purification device (100), the air purification device (100) include: An adsorber bed module (1), the adsorber bed module (1) comprising: Cavity (2); an inlet valve (3) and an outlet valve (4); an adsorbent material (5) located within the cavity (2); and a magnetic field generator (6), the magnetic field generator (6) being configured to generate an alternating magnetic field acting on the cavity (2); a controller (7); and Vacuum pump (9); Wherein, the adsorption material (5) has magnetic properties; wherein the controller (7) is configured to control the opening state of the inlet valve (3) and the opening state of the outlet valve (4) as well as the activation state of the magnetic field generator (6) and the activation state of the vacuum pump (9), so that the air purification device (100) selectively operates in one of the adsorption stage, the emptying stage and the regeneration stage; In the adsorption stage, the inlet valve (3) is in an open state, the outlet valve (4) is in an open state, and the magnetic field generator (6) is deactivated, so that the gas passing through the chamber (2) from the inlet valve (3) and flowing out of the outlet valve (4) penetrates the adsorption material (5), and the adsorption material (5) thereby adsorbs CO from the gas. 2 ; wherein, during the evacuation phase, the inlet valve (3) is in a closed state and the outlet valve (4) is in a closed state and the controller (7) is configured to command the vacuum pump (9) to evacuate the chamber (2); and wherein, during the regeneration phase, the inlet valve (3) is in a closed state and the outlet valve (4) is in a closed state and the controller (7) is configured to enable the magnetic field generator (6), thereby heating the adsorption material (5) by induction heating and desorbing the CO from the adsorption material (5). 2 .

2. The air purification device (100) according to claim 1, in, The adsorption material (5) is a functionalized solid amine material.

3. The air purification device (100) according to claim 2, in, The functionalized solid amine material comprises a solid amine polymer material and a magnetic inorganic material, wherein the solid amine polymer material and the magnetic inorganic material are one of the following: Each is in the form of particles, wherein the solid amine polymer material particles and the magnetic inorganic material particles are loosely mixed together; Each is in particle form, wherein the magnetic inorganic material particles are incorporated as smaller particles within the solid amine polymer material particles; or The magnetic inorganic material builds up a particle core that is coated with the solid amine polymer material.

4. The air purification device (100) according to claim 3, in, The magnetic inorganic material includes at least one of the following: Metal alloys based on at least one metal from the group consisting of iron or nickel or cobalt or combinations thereof; Chromium dioxide based compounds; Compounds based on iron oxide.

5. The air purification device (100) according to claim 3 or 4, in, The surfaces of the magnetic inorganic material particles are functionalized with chemical functional groups to improve wettability by and adhesion to the solid amine polymer material.

6. The air purification device (100) according to claim 5, in, The surface chemical functional groups include at least one of carboxyl, epoxide, isocyanate, thiol and isothiocyanate.

7. The air purification device (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 6, in, The solid amine polymer material and / or the magnetic inorganic material is coated with a solid adhesion material, thereby increasing stability against demixing and thermal contact.

8. The air purification device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The adsorption material (5) is arranged in a cylindrical or polygonal bed (8) within the chamber (2) so that the gas entering the chamber (2) penetrates the cylindrical or polygonal bed (8) containing the adsorption material (5) in a radial direction.

9. The air purification device (100) according to claim 8, in, The cylindrical or polygonal bed (8) comprises an integrated honeycomb structure (10).

10. The air cleaning device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The magnetic properties of the adsorbent material (5) include a Curie temperature, which is higher than the desorption temperature of the adsorbed CO from the adsorbent material (5). 2 The desired temperature is below a temperature that has a negative impact on the adsorbent material (5), so that the adsorbent material (5) loses its magnetic properties when the Curie temperature is reached, thereby providing self-regulating inductive heating that prevents overheating of the adsorbent material (5).

11. The air purification device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The adsorber bed module (1) is enclosed by a magnetic shielding member having high magnetic permeability so as to shield the surroundings of the adsorber bed module (1) from the influence of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator (6).

12. The air cleaning device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The magnetic field generator (6) comprises an inductor coil (6) extending along the outer surface of a housing defining the cavity (2).

13. The air purification device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The inlet valve (3) and the outlet valve (4) are made of a material with high magnetic permeability, thereby improving the magnetic shielding of the adsorber bed module (1) with respect to the environment.

14. A vehicle (200) having a life support system, in, The life support system comprises an air purification device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims; The air purification device (100) is configured to remove CO from the ambient air in the vehicle. 2 .

15. The vehicle (200) according to claim 14, in, The vehicle (200) is a submarine vehicle, a spacecraft, a hyperloop train, or another enclosed location application.

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