A fertilization device and a method for cultivating calcium-rich apples

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and specifically relates to a fertilization device, which includes a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle and a medicine adding vehicle; the medicine adding vehicle includes a vehicle body and a loading tank, the loading tank is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, a support plate is slidably connected in the loading tank, a water storage cavity is formed between the support plate and the loading tank, a moving push block is fixedly arranged on the loading tank, and a driving mechanism for driving the moving push block to move is arranged on the loading tank; a water pump is fixedly arranged on the vehicle body, and a water suction pipe of the water pump is communicated with the water storage cavity; a medicine adding pipe is fixedly connected to the loading tank, and the medicine adding pipe is communicated with a water outlet pipe of the water pump; a centering mechanism is arranged on the loading tank, and the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle located on the support plate is centered through the centering mechanism. A medicine adding vehicle is provided, and the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is added with medicine by moving the medicine adding vehicle; the medicine adding vehicle is provided with a centering mechanism and a push rod, so that the connecting component on the medicine inlet pipe can be aligned with the medicine adding pipe, and the liquid medicine is added into the medicine box of the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle through the medicine adding pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and particularly relates to a fertilization device and a method for cultivating calcium-rich apples. Background Art

[0002] In the agricultural field, the emergence of calcium-rich fruits provides people with a natural way to supplement calcium. The calcium content of calcium-rich fruits is relatively high, which benefits from the use of specific calcium fertilizers during the planting process. These calcium fertilizers usually exist in the form of amino acid chelated calcium solution and can be effectively absorbed and utilized by plants. By spraying this calcium fertilizer during the growth process of fruit trees, the calcium content in fruits can be increased, thereby providing more calcium sources for consumers.

[0003] However, there are some deficiencies in the existing UAV spraying technology in practical applications. First, the drug addition process is not convenient enough, and frequent addition and replacement of drugs are required, which not only increases the labor intensity but also may cause the interruption of spraying operations and affect work efficiency. Second, when spraying with a UAV, due to the height of fruit trees and the occlusion of branches and leaves, it is often difficult to evenly spray the lower part of fruit trees, resulting in uneven distribution of calcium fertilizer and affecting the calcium absorption effect of fruits. These problems limit the application effect of UAVs in the cultivation of calcium-rich fruits and require further technical improvement and optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above technical problems, an object of one aspect of the present invention is to provide a fertilization device that can realize automatic drug addition to a plant protection UAV and eliminate manual operation; another object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating calcium-rich apples using this device.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A fertilization device includes a plant protection UAV and a drug addition vehicle; the drug addition vehicle includes a vehicle body and a loading tank, the loading tank is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, a support plate is slidably connected in the loading tank, a water storage cavity is formed between the support plate and the loading tank, a movable push block that can move horizontally is provided on the loading tank, and a driving mechanism for driving the movable push block to move is provided on the loading tank; a fixed block is fixed on the support plate, a wedge-shaped through groove is provided on the fixed block, and a support surface that cooperates with the movable push block is provided in the wedge-shaped through groove, and the support surface has an inclined section and a horizontal section; a water adding pipe communicating with the water storage cavity is provided on the loading tank.

[0007] A water pump is fixed on the vehicle body, and the water suction pipe of the water pump is communicated with the water storage cavity; a medicine adding pipe is fixedly connected to the loading tank, and the medicine adding pipe is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the water pump; a medicine box of the plant protection UAV is communicated with a medicine inlet pipe, and a connecting component matched with the medicine adding pipe is arranged at the front end of the medicine inlet pipe; the connecting component comprises a conical cover and an elastic plug, and both the conical cover and the elastic plug are fixedly connected to the medicine inlet pipe;

[0008] A centering mechanism is arranged on the loading tank to center the plant protection UAV located on the support plate through the centering mechanism; a push rod is fixedly connected to the moving push block, and the moving push block drives the push rod and the plant protection UAV to move towards the medicine adding pipe.

[0009] The centering mechanism comprises a driving gear and a pair of centering rods arranged oppositely, and the centering rods are slidably connected to the loading tank; a push plate is fixedly connected to the front end of each centering rod; the driving gear is rotatably connected to the loading tank, driving racks are fixedly connected to each centering rod, and both driving racks are meshed with the driving gear; a driving motor is fixedly connected to the loading tank, and an output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the driving gear.

[0010] A scraper is fixedly connected to the lower part of each centering rod, and the scraper is located in the water storage cavity; a sewage discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the loading tank.

[0011] A plurality of atomizing nozzles are fixed on the side surface of each centering rod, and each atomizing nozzle is communicated with the water outlet pipe through a pipeline, and a control valve is arranged at the connection part of the pipeline and the water outlet pipe.

[0012] Support rollers for supporting the plant protection UAV are rotatably connected to the support plate; a plurality of support rollers are provided.

[0013] The driving mechanism comprises a driving screw rod, a driving nut and a motor. A support seat is fixedly connected to the loading tank, the support seat is connected with the support plate, and two ends of the driving screw rod are respectively rotatably connected to the support seat and the loading tank; the driving nut is in threaded connection with the driving screw rod, the shell of the motor is fixedly connected to the loading tank, and an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the end of the driving screw rod; the moving push block is slidably connected to the wedge-shaped through groove, and the driving nut is fixedly connected to the moving push block.

[0014] Support wheels are rotatably connected to the moving push block, and the support wheels are in contact with the support surface.

[0015] A guide rod is fixed on the loading tank, and the support plate is slidably connected to the guide rod; the elastic plug is conical, and a sealing hole is arranged at its end.

[0016] A method for cultivating calcium-rich apples. After the apples fall in flower, a first amino acid chelated calcium solution is sprayed on the fruits by a fertilizing device, and then amino acid sugar pure calcium and amino acid rare earth calcium are sprayed respectively at intervals of [specific days].

[0017] The dilution multiple of the amino acid chelated calcium solution is 800 times, the dilution multiple of the amino acid sugar pure calcium is 800 times, and the dilution multiple of the amino acid rare earth calcium is 600 times.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] A medicine adding vehicle is provided, and the plant protection UAV is added with medicine by moving the medicine adding vehicle; a centering mechanism and a push rod are provided on the medicine adding vehicle, so that the connecting component on the medicine inlet pipe can be aligned with the medicine adding pipe, and the liquid medicine is added into the medicine box of the plant protection UAV through the medicine adding pipe. The above structure can reduce the requirement for the landing accuracy of the plant protection UAV.

[0020] Due to the structural setting of the loading groove, when the support plate is raised, the capacity of the water storage cavity can be increased; when the support plate is lowered, it can form a fence and cooperate with the centering mechanism to fix the UAV.

[0021] An atomizing nozzle is provided on the centering rod, which can spray the medicine on the lower part of the fruit tree to ensure uniform distribution of the calcium fertilizer. A scraper is provided on the centering rod, which can scrape the impurities at the bottom of the loading groove; at the same time, the liquid in the water storage cavity can also be stirred by the scraper.

[0022] Since the young fruit stage of the fruit belongs to the cell division stage and the absorption function is very strong, it can promote the absorption of nutrients during the cell division stage of the young fruit, thereby forming calcium-rich apples. After the fruit expands in the later stage, the calcium-rich nutrient elements are fully absorbed by the fruit, so that the apples achieve the effect of calcium-rich apples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram in one direction of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of A in

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram in another direction of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation state of the medicine adding pipe and the connecting component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the loading groove in one direction of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the loading groove in one direction of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the plant protection UAV of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 is Figure 8 a partially enlarged view at position B in

[0032] Wherein: 1 is a plant protection UAV, 10 is a medicine box, 2 is a medicine adding vehicle, 20 is a vehicle body, 21 is a loading tank, 210 is a water storage cavity, 22 is a moving push block, 23 is a driving mechanism, 230 is a driving screw, 231 is a driving nut, 232 is a motor, 234 is a support seat, 24 is a fixing block, 240 is a wedge-shaped through groove, 241 is an inclined section, 242 is a horizontal section, 25 is a water adding pipe, 26 is a push rod, 27 is a sewage pipe, 28 is a support wheel, 29 is a support plate, 3 is a water pump, 4 is a medicine adding pipe, 5 is a medicine inlet pipe, 6 is a connecting component, 60 is a conical cover, 61 is an elastic plug, 7 is a centering mechanism, 70 is a centering rod, 71 is a push plate, 72 is a driving rack, 73 is a driving gear, 74 is a driving motor, 75 is a scraping plate, 76 is an atomizing nozzle, 8 is a support roller, 9 is a guide rod. Specific embodiments

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Embodiment

[0034] As Figures 1-9 shown, a fertilizing device includes a plant protection UAV 1 and a medicine adding vehicle 2; the medicine adding vehicle 2 is used to add medicine to and fix the plant protection UAV 1.

[0035] The medicine adding vehicle 2 includes a vehicle body 20 and a loading tank 21, and a wheeled traveling mechanism is provided on the vehicle body 20. The loading tank 21 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body 20, and a support plate 29 is slidably connected in the loading tank 21. A water storage cavity 210 is formed between the support plate 29 and the loading tank 21; by moving the support plate 29 upward, the capacity of the water storage cavity 210 can be increased; by moving the support plate 29 downward, a fence structure can be formed for placing agricultural implements or the plant protection UAV 1.

[0036] A movable push block 22 capable of horizontal movement is provided on the loading slot 21, and a driving mechanism 23 for driving the movement of the movable push block 22 is provided on the loading slot 21. A fixed block 24 is fixed on the support plate 29. A wedge-shaped through groove 240 is provided on the fixed block 24. A support surface cooperating with the movable push block 22 is provided in the wedge-shaped through groove 240. The support surface has an inclined section 241 and a horizontal section 242. When the movable push block 22 moves from the inclined section 241 to the horizontal section 242, the support plate 29 gradually moves upward; when it is at the horizontal section 242, the support plate 29 is at the highest point. When the movable push block 22 moves from the horizontal section 242 to the inclined section 241, the support plate 29 gradually moves downward.

[0037] A water adding pipe 25 communicating with the water storage cavity 210 is provided on the loading slot 21. A lid is provided at the water adding pipe 25. Fertilizer and water to be applied are added into the water storage cavity 210 by opening the lid. A water pump 3 is fixed on the vehicle body 20. The water suction pipe of the water pump 3 communicates with the water storage cavity 210; a medicine adding pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the loading slot 21. The medicine adding pipe 4 communicates with the water outlet pipe of the water pump 3. The fertilizer in the water storage cavity 210 is pumped to the medicine adding pipe 4 by the water pump 3 and flows out through the medicine adding pipe 4.

[0038] A medicine inlet pipe 5 is communicated with the medicine box 10 of the plant protection UAV 1. A connection assembly 6 cooperating with the medicine adding pipe 4 is provided at the front end of the medicine inlet pipe 5. The connection assembly 6 includes a conical cover 60 and an elastic plug 61. Both the conical cover 60 and the elastic plug 61 are fixedly connected to the medicine inlet pipe 5. Specifically: the conical cover 60 is sleeved outside the elastic plug 61. The elastic plug 61 is in a conical shape and has a blocking hole at its end; in the normal state, the blocking hole is in a blocked state, and when it is opened by the medicine adding pipe 4, the blocking hole is in a communicating state with the medicine inlet pipe 5.

[0039] An alignment mechanism 7 is provided on the loading slot 21. The plant protection UAV 1 located on the support plate 29 is aligned through the alignment mechanism 7; a push rod 26 is fixedly connected to the movable push block 22. The movable push block 22 drives the push rod 26 and the plant protection UAV 1 to move towards the medicine adding pipe 4.

[0040] The specific medicine adding process is as follows: after the plant protection UAV 1 lands on the support plate 29, it is aligned through the alignment mechanism 7; then the movable push block 22 moves at the horizontal section 242 of the wedge-shaped through groove 240 to ensure that the height of the support plate 29 remains unchanged; as the movable push block 22 moves, the push rod 26 contacts the medicine box 10 of the plant protection UAV 1 or the outer shell of the plant protection UAV 1, thereby pushing the plant protection UAV 1 towards the medicine adding pipe 4 until the medicine adding pipe 4 is inserted into the elastic plug 61, so that the blocking hole is in a communicating state with the medicine inlet pipe 5. By turning on the water pump 3, fertilizer can be added into the medicine box 10 of the plant protection UAV 1. Through the above structural arrangement, the requirement for the landing accuracy of the plant protection UAV 1 can be reduced.

[0041] Further, the centering mechanism 7 includes a driving gear 73 and a pair of oppositely arranged centering rods 70, and the centering rods 70 are slidably connected to the loading groove 21. A push plate 71 is fixedly connected to the front end of each centering rod 70, and the push plate 71 is located within the loading groove 21. The driving gear 73 is rotatably connected to the loading groove 21, and a driving rack 72 is fixedly connected to each centering rod 70, and both driving racks 72 are engaged with the driving gear 73. A driving motor 74 is fixedly connected to the loading groove 21, and the output shaft of the driving motor 74 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 73. By driving the driving gear 73 to rotate through the output shaft of the driving motor 74, the two centering rods 70 move relatively or away from each other.

[0042] When centering the plant protection UAV 1 is required, the two centering rods 70 move relatively, and the push plate 71 contacts the plant protection UAV 1 and pushes it to move for centering. Then the two centering rods 70 move away from each other, leaving a moving space for the plant protection UAV 1 so that the push rod 26 can push the plant protection UAV 1 towards the medicine adding pipe 4.

[0043] When transferring during the end of the fertilization operation, the two centering rods 70 move relatively, the push plate 71 contacts the plant protection UAV 1 and pushes it to move for centering, and clamps the plant protection UAV 1, thus playing a role in fixing the plant protection UAV 1.

[0044] Further, a scraper 75 is fixedly connected to the lower part of each centering rod 70, and the scraper 75 is located within the water storage cavity 210. During the fertilization operation of the plant protection UAV 1; through the reciprocating relative / away movement of the two centering rods 70, the two scrapers 75 also reciprocate relatively / away from each other, thus playing a role in shaking and stirring the liquid in the water storage cavity 210 to ensure the uniform mixing of the fertilizer and water.

[0045] After the fertilization operation is completed, water is added to the water storage cavity 210. Through the reciprocating movement of the two scrapers 75, the impurities accumulated at the bottom of the water storage cavity 210 (loading groove 21) are scraped off, and finally discharged through the sewage pipe 27 provided at the bottom of the loading groove 21.

[0046] Further, a plurality of atomizing nozzles 76 are fixed to the sides of each centering rod 70, and each atomizing nozzle 76 is communicated with the water outlet pipe through a pipeline, and a control valve is provided at the connection between the pipeline and the water outlet pipe. The control valve can control the connection between the water outlet pipe and the pipeline or the medicine adding pipe 4.

[0047] During the movement of the vehicle body 20, the water pump 3 is turned on, and the water pump 3 pumps the fertilizer in the water storage cavity 210 into the pipeline and sprays it out through the atomizing nozzles 76. The upper part of the fruit tree is fertilized by the plant protection UAV 1, and the lower part of the fruit tree is fertilized by the atomizing nozzles 76 on the centering rod 70, thus ensuring the uniform distribution of the calcium fertilizer.

[0048] Further, in order to reduce the friction between the plant protection UAV 1 and the support plate 29 during the centering process, support rollers 8 for supporting the plant protection UAV 1 are rotatably connected to the support plate 29; a plurality of support rollers 8 are provided. The plant protection UAV 1 lands on the support rollers 8.

[0049] Further, the driving mechanism 23 includes a driving screw 230, a driving nut 231 and a motor 232. A support seat 234 is fixedly connected to the load-carrying groove 21, and the support seat 234 is connected to the support plate 29; specifically, the upper end of the support seat 234 passes through the support plate 29 and extends out.

[0050] Both ends of the driving screw 230 are rotatably connected to the support seat 234 and the load-carrying groove 21 respectively; the driving nut 231 is threadedly connected to the driving screw 230. The housing of the motor 232 is fixedly connected to the load-carrying groove 21, and the output shaft of the motor 232 is fixedly connected to the end of the driving screw 230. The moving push block 22 is slidably connected to the wedge-shaped through groove 240, and the driving nut 231 is fixedly connected to the moving push block 22. By rotating the output shaft of the motor 232, the movement of the moving push block 22 can be realized.

[0051] Further, in order to reduce the friction between the moving push block 22 and the fixed block 24, a support wheel 28 is rotatably connected to the moving push block 22, and the support wheel 28 is in contact with the support surface.

[0052] Further, a guide rod 9 is fixed to the load-carrying groove 21, and the support plate 29 is slidably connected to the guide rod 9; the stability of the support plate 29 during up and down movement is improved. Embodiment

[0053] On the basis of Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a method for cultivating calcium-rich apples. After the apples shed their flowers, a fertilizing device is used to spray the first amino acid chelated calcium solution on the fruits, and then amino acid pure calcium and amino acid rare earth calcium are sprayed respectively at intervals of 10 days.

[0054] The dilution ratio of the amino acid chelated calcium solution is 800 times, the dilution ratio of the amino acid pure calcium is 800 times, and the dilution ratio of the amino acid rare earth calcium is 600 times. [[ID=H22]]

[0055] Specifically: in order to reduce the competition for calcium elements between the fruit trees and the fruits, calcium nitrate can be applied to the roots of each fruit tree in September - October every year.

[0056] Only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.

Claims

1. A fertilizing device, characterized in that: It includes a plant protection UAV (1) and a medicine adding vehicle (2); the medicine adding vehicle (2) includes a vehicle body (20) and a loading tank (21), the loading tank (21) is fixedly connected to the vehicle body (20), a support plate (29) is slidably connected in the loading tank (21), a water storage cavity (210) is formed between the support plate (29) and the loading tank (21), a movable push block (22) that can move horizontally is provided on the loading tank (21), and a driving mechanism (23) for driving the movable push block (22) to move is provided on the loading tank (21); a fixed block (24) is fixed on the support plate (29), a wedge-shaped through groove (240) is provided on the fixed block (24), and a support surface that cooperates with the movable push block (22) is provided in the wedge-shaped through groove (240), and the support surface has an inclined section (241) and a horizontal section (242); during the process of the movable push block moving from the inclined section to the horizontal section, the support plate gradually moves upward, and the support plate is at the highest point when it is at the horizontal section; a water adding pipe (25) communicating with the water storage cavity (210) is provided on the loading tank (21). A water pump (3) is fixed on the vehicle body (20), and the water suction pipe of the water pump (3) communicates with the water storage cavity (210); a medicine adding pipe (4) is fixedly connected to the loading tank (21), and the medicine adding pipe (4) communicates with the water outlet pipe of the water pump (3); a medicine box (10) of the plant protection UAV (1) is communicated with a medicine inlet pipe (5), and a connection assembly (6) that cooperates with the medicine adding pipe (4) is provided at the front end of the medicine inlet pipe (5); the connection assembly (6) includes a conical cover (60) and an elastic plug (61), and both the conical cover (60) and the elastic plug (61) are fixedly connected to the medicine inlet pipe (5). An alignment mechanism (7) is provided on the loading tank (21), and the plant protection UAV (1) that lands on the support plate (29) is aligned through the alignment mechanism (7); a push rod (26) is fixedly connected to the movable push block (22), and the movable push block (22) drives the push rod (26) to move, so that the push rod contacts the plant protection UAV, thereby pushing the plant protection UAV (1) to move towards the medicine adding pipe (4) until the medicine adding pipe is inserted into the elastic plug to communicate with the medicine inlet pipe, and the water pump is turned on to add fertilizer into the medicine box. The alignment mechanism (7) includes a pair of alignment rods (70) arranged oppositely, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles (76) are fixed on the side surfaces of the alignment rods (70), and each atomizing nozzle (76) communicates with the water outlet pipe through a pipeline. Fertilize the upper part of the fruit tree through the plant protection UAV, and fertilize the lower part of the fruit tree through the atomizing nozzles.

2. The fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centering mechanism (7) includes a driving gear (73) and a pair of oppositely arranged centering rods (70). The centering rods (70) are slidably connected to the loading groove (21). A push plate (71) is fixedly connected to the front end of each centering rod (70). The driving gear (73) is rotatably connected to the loading groove (21). A driving rack (72) is fixedly connected to each centering rod (70). Both driving racks (72) are engaged with the driving gear (73). A driving motor (74) is fixedly connected to the loading groove (21), and the output shaft of the driving motor (74) is fixedly connected to the driving gear (73).

3. The fertilizing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A scraping plate (75) is fixedly connected to the lower part of each centering rod (70). The scraping plate (75) is located in the water storage cavity (210). A sewage pipe (27) is provided at the bottom of the loading groove (21).

4. A fertilizing device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A control valve is provided at the connection between the pipeline and the water outlet pipe.

5. The fertilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support roller (8) for supporting the plant protection UAV (1) is rotatably connected to the support plate (29). A plurality of support rollers (8) are provided.

6. The fertilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (23) includes a driving screw (230), a driving nut (231) and a motor (232). A support seat (234) is fixedly connected to the loading groove (21). The support seat (234) is connected to the support plate (29). The two ends of the driving screw (230) are respectively rotatably connected to the support seat (234) and the loading groove (21). The driving nut (231) is threadedly connected to the driving screw (230). The housing of the motor (232) is fixedly connected to the loading groove (21), and the output shaft of the motor (232) is fixedly connected to the end of the driving screw (230). The moving push block (22) is slidably connected to the wedge-shaped through groove (240), and the driving nut (231) is fixedly connected to the moving push block (22).

7. A fertilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support wheel (28) is rotatably connected to the moving push block (22), and the support wheel (28) is in contact with the support surface.

8. The fertilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rod (9) is fixedly connected to the loading groove (21), and the support plate (29) is slidably connected to the guide rod (9). The elastic plug (61) is conical, and a sealing hole is provided at its end.

9. A method for cultivating calcium-rich apples, characterized in that: After the apple blossoms fall, the fertilizing device according to claim 1 is used to spray the first amino acid chelated calcium solution on the fruits, and then, at intervals of 10 days respectively, amino acid sugar pure calcium and amino acid rare earth calcium are sprayed respectively.

10. A method for cultivating calcium-rich apples according to claim 9, characterized in that: The dilution ratio of the amino acid chelated calcium solution is 800 times, the dilution ratio of the amino acid sugar pure calcium is 800 times, and the dilution ratio of the amino acid rare earth calcium is 600 times.

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