Special feed for increasing growth speed of sheep cubs

Abstract

The invention discloses a special feed for increasing the growth speed of sheep cubs, and belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding. The special feed for increasing the growth speed of the sheep cubs is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 to 55 parts of corn, 15 to 20 parts of fermented soybean meal, 5 to 8 parts of hermetia illucens larva powder, 10 to 15 parts of bran, 2 to 5 parts of beet pulp, 2 to 5 parts of peanuts, 0.3 to 1 part of ginger powder, 0.5 to 1.2 parts of radix astragali seu hedysari, 1 to 2 parts of bone meal, 0.3 to 0.5 part of table salt, 0.3 to 0.5 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.1 to 0.3 part of multivitamins. Aiming at the characteristics of high basal metabolic rate and incomplete rumen development of the sheep cubs, the energy utilization rate is improved and the rumen maturation of the cubs is promoted by optimizing the types and proportions of the raw materials of the feed, and the feed contains rich essential amino acids and can be efficiently absorbed and utilized by the sheep cubs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, and particularly to a special feed for improving the growth rate of young lambs. Background Art

[0002] In modern sheep breeding, the breeding of meat sheep has always been an important economic source. With the growth of the global population and the increasing demand of consumers for high-quality meat products, improving the growth rate and breeding efficiency of meat sheep has become an important direction for the development of the livestock industry. In the field of meat sheep breeding, the growth and development status of young lambs is directly related to breeding efficiency and product quality. Rapid and healthy growth can shorten the breeding cycle, reduce costs, and improve the economic benefits of farmers. However, there is still room for further improvement in the feeding management of young lambs at present. Especially in terms of nutrient supply, traditional feed formulations are difficult to meet the special needs of their rapid growth stage, resulting in problems such as growth retardation, low immunity, and frequent metabolic diseases.

[0003] In the initial stage of growth, the organs and systems of young lambs are not yet fully developed, and their demand for nutrients is unique and sensitive. Traditional general-purpose sheep feeds are usually designed based on meeting the nutritional needs of adult sheep and are difficult to accurately match the special nutritional needs of young lambs. For example, protein is an essential nutrient for the growth of young lambs and is crucial for the construction of muscle tissue and organ development. The protein required by young lambs not only needs to ensure sufficient quantity but also pay attention to quality. However, the protein source in traditional feeds is single, usually only choosing to add plant proteins such as soybean meal, which is easy to cause amino acid imbalance, and the content of anti-nutritional factors (such as trypsin inhibitors) is relatively high, resulting in insufficient protein digestibility and unable to meet the protein demand of young lambs for rapid growth. Moreover, over-reliance on soybean meal will also lead to insufficient sulfur amino acids, and the rumen degradation rate (RDP) of plant protein is as high as more than 70%, unable to meet the demand of young lambs for rumen-undegradable protein (RUP).

[0004] Moreover, the nutritional composition of feed plays an important role in the immunity of young lambs. A nutritionally balanced feed helps to enhance the immunity of young lambs and enables them to better resist diseases. However, the existing general feeds have limited efficacy in this regard and cannot fully improve the disease resistance of young lambs, resulting in serious obstacles to the growth and development of young lambs when facing disease threats.

[0005] In summary, developing a special feed that specifically targets the growth characteristics of young lambs, can accurately meet their nutritional needs, effectively improve the growth rate, and enhance their immunity has become an urgent need for the current development of the sheep breeding industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special feed for improving the growth rate of lamb cubs, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the background technology, provide better feed options for the lamb farming industry, and promote the efficient and sustainable development of the lamb farming industry. In view of the high basal metabolic rate and incomplete rumen development of lamb cubs, the present invention improves the energy utilization rate and promotes the maturation of the lamb cub's rumen by optimizing the types and proportions of feed raw materials, and contains rich essential amino acids, which can be efficiently absorbed and utilized by lamb cubs.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide a special feed for improving the growth rate of lamb cubs, wherein the raw materials, calculated by weight, include:

[0009] 40-55 parts of corn, 15-20 parts of fermented soybean meal, 5-8 parts of black soldier fly larvae powder, 10-15 parts of bran, 2-5 parts of beet pulp, 2-5 parts of peanuts, 0.3-1 parts of ginger powder, 0.5-1.2 parts of astragalus, 1-2 parts of bone meal, 0.3-0.5 parts of salt, 0.3-0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate and 0.1-0.3 parts of multivitamins.

[0010] Preferably, the method for preparing the fermented soybean meal comprises the following steps: adding neutral protease to the soybean meal, hydrolyzing, and drying to obtain the fermented soybean meal.

[0011] Preferably, the addition amount of the neutral protease is 0.2-0.8wt% of the soybean meal, and the enzyme activity is ≥5000U / g; the hydrolysis temperature is 50-55°C, and the time is 4-6 hours.

[0012] Preferably, the vitamin complex comprises vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E.

[0013] Preferably, the special feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0014] 48 parts of corn, 17 parts of fermented soybean meal, 8 parts of black soldier fly larvae powder, 14 parts of bran, 4.5 parts of beet pulp, 4 parts of peanuts, 0.9 parts of ginger powder, 1.2 parts of astragalus, 1.5 parts of bone meal, 0.4 parts of salt, 0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate and 0.3 parts of multivitamins.

[0015] The second technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned special feed for improving the growth rate of lamb cubs, comprising the following steps:

[0016] The corn, fermented soybean meal, bran, beet pulp, peanuts and astragalus are crushed, mixed with the remaining raw materials, and granulated to obtain the special feed.

[0017] Preferably, the crushing is to crush to a particle size of 0.5 - 1.0 mm.

[0018] The third technical solution of the present invention: Provide an application of the above-mentioned special feed for improving the growth rate of young lambs in the feeding of young lambs.

[0019] The technical principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0020] During the fermentation process of fermented soybean meal, antinutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors and saponins in soybeans can be effectively degraded, and soybean proteins are hydrolyzed into components such as free amino acids that are more conducive to absorption and utilization, thereby promoting animal growth and improving feed conversion rate. And the flavor substances produced during the fermentation process are more helpful for improving the flavor of the feed and increasing the appetite of animals.

[0021] The present invention constructs an insect-plant composite protein source by adding black soldier fly larvae powder and fermented soybean meal, and uses the sulfur-containing amino acids rich in insect protein (high methionine and cystine content) and the high lysine content in fermented soybean meal, etc., to form an amino acid complementary effect and provide a high proportion of rumen-undegradable protein (RUP), thereby improving the nutritional value of the feed. However, the addition amount of black soldier fly larvae powder should not be too high, otherwise it may cause damage to the liver and kidneys of young lambs, etc., and cause gastrointestinal problems, thus resulting in damage to the health of young lambs.

[0022] The proportion of crude fiber in the feed for young lambs should be within a suitable range. When the proportion of crude fiber is too high, it will significantly reduce the utilization rate of the rumen volume of the young lambs, resulting in an increased burden on the rumen. When the proportion of crude fiber is too low, it will affect the normal peristalsis and development of the rumen, reduce its digestion ability of roughage, and increase the risk of diarrhea.

[0023] The addition of ginger powder helps to promote the secretion of pepsin in young lambs and also improves the palatability of the feed.

[0024] Astragalus membranaceus in the raw materials can effectively promote lymphocyte proliferation, improve the immune ability of young lambs, and play a natural antibacterial effect.

[0025] And the inventor also found through actual tests that, compared with adding raw materials such as fermented corn, wheat bran, and beet pulp, directly adding these components can achieve better technical effects. This may be because, as energy and fiber sources, directly adding corn, wheat bran, and beet pulp is more conducive to the development of the rumen, and fermentation may destroy their physical stimulation effect.

[0026] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] In view of the characteristics of high basal metabolic rate and incomplete rumen development in young lambs, the present invention improves the energy utilization rate, promotes the rumen maturation of young lambs, and contains rich essential amino acids that can be efficiently absorbed and utilized by young lambs by optimizing the types and proportions of feed raw materials.

[0028] The special feed designed by the present invention for improving the growth rate of young lambs has good palatability, can promote the appetite of young lambs, increase the feed intake, and has low cost and a simple formula, providing a better feed choice for the sheep breeding industry and contributing to the efficient and sustainable development of the sheep breeding industry. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The various exemplary implementation manners of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention. It should be understood that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] In addition, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. It should be noted that the aspects not detailedly described in the present invention are all conventional operation means in the art and are not the focus of the present invention.

[0032] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. in the present invention, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0033] In the following examples and comparative examples of the present invention, the black soldier fly larvae powder used has a particle size of ≤100 μm after freeze-drying and ultramicro-pulverization, a crude protein content of 68.1%, a chitin content of 4.7%, and a total sulfur-containing amino acid content of 4.3%.

[0034] All raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples of the present invention are commercially available products.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A special feed for improving the growth rate of young lambs is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:

[0037] 48 parts of corn, 17 parts of fermented soybean meal, 8 parts of black soldier fly larvae powder, 14 parts of wheat bran, 4.5 parts of beet pulp, 4 parts of peanuts, 0.9 part of ginger powder, 1.2 parts of astragalus, 1.5 parts of bone meal, 0.4 part of salt, 0.5 part of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 0.3 part of compound vitamin (vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin E with a mass ratio of 1:1:1).

[0038] The preparation method of fermented soybean meal is as follows: Add 0.6 wt% of neutral protease (based on the mass of soybean meal, with an enzyme activity of 50000 U / g) to soybean meal, hydrolyze at 50 °C for 6 hours, and dry to obtain fermented soybean meal.

[0039] The specific preparation process is as follows:

[0040] After crushing corn, fermented soybean meal, wheat bran, beet pulp, peanuts, and astragalus to a particle size of 0.8 mm, mix with the remaining raw materials, then use a double-shaft paddle mixer to mix for 8 minutes, and then feed into a granulator to press into feed pellets with a particle size of 3 mm to obtain this special feed.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A special feed for improving the growth rate of young lambs, composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:

[0043] 45 parts of corn, 18 parts of fermented soybean meal, 5 parts of black soldier fly larvae powder, 12 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of beet pulp, 3 parts of peanuts, 0.5 part of ginger powder, 1.2 parts of astragalus, 1.5 parts of bone meal, 0.4 part of salt, 0.5 part of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 0.3 part of compound vitamin (vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin E with a mass ratio of 1:1:1).

[0044] The preparation method of fermented soybean meal is as follows: Add 0.6 wt% of neutral protease (based on the mass of soybean meal, with an enzyme activity of 50000 U / g) to soybean meal, hydrolyze at 50 °C for 5 hours, and dry to obtain fermented soybean meal.

[0045] The specific preparation process is as follows:

[0046] After crushing corn, fermented soybean meal, wheat bran, beet pulp, peanuts, and astragalus to a particle size of 0.8 mm, mix with the remaining raw materials, then use a double-shaft paddle mixer to mix for 8 minutes, and then feed into a granulator to press into feed pellets with a particle size of 3 mm to obtain this special feed.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A special feed for improving the growth rate of young lambs, composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:

[0049] 55 parts of corn, 15 parts of fermented soybean meal, 6 parts of black soldier fly larvae powder, 15 parts of wheat bran, 4.5 parts of beet pulp, 2 parts of peanuts, 0.3 parts of ginger powder, 1 part of astragalus membranaceus, 1.1 parts of bone meal, 0.5 parts of salt, 0.3 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 0.1 part of compound vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin E in a mass ratio of 1:1:1).

[0050] The preparation method of the fermented soybean meal is as follows: Add 0.6 wt% of neutral protease (based on the mass of the soybean meal, with an enzyme activity of 50000 U / g) to the soybean meal, hydrolyze at 55 °C for 5 hours, and then dry to obtain the fermented soybean meal.

[0051] The specific preparation process is as follows:

[0052] After crushing corn, fermented soybean meal, wheat bran, beet pulp, peanuts, and astragalus membranaceus to a particle size of 0.8 mm, mix them with the remaining raw materials, then use a double-shaft paddle mixer to mix for 8 minutes, and then feed them into a granulator to press into feed pellets with a particle size of 3 mm to obtain this special feed.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] The difference from Example 1 is only that the black soldier fly larvae powder is replaced with an equal mass of silkworm pupa powder.

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] The difference from Example 1 is only that the fermented soybean meal is replaced with an equal mass of unfermented conventional soybean meal.

[0057] Comparative Example 3

[0058] The difference from Example 1 is only that the addition of black soldier fly larvae powder is omitted and an equal mass of fermented soybean meal is supplemented.

[0059] Comparative Example 4

[0060] The difference from Example 1 is only that 5 parts by mass of fermented soybean meal are omitted and an equal mass of black soldier fly larvae powder is supplemented.

[0061] Comparative Example 5

[0062] The difference from Example 1 is only that the addition of ginger powder is omitted and an equal mass of corn is supplemented.

[0063] Comparative Example 6 (fermentation treatment)

[0064] A special feed for improving the growth rate of young lambs, consisting of the following raw materials in parts by mass:

[0065] 48 parts of corn, 17 parts of fermented soybean meal, 8 parts of black soldier fly larvae powder, 14 parts of wheat bran, 4.5 parts of beet pulp, 4 parts of peanuts, 0.9 part of ginger powder, 1.2 parts of astragalus root, 1.5 parts of bone meal, 0.4 part of salt, 0.5 part of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 0.3 part of compound vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin E in a mass ratio of 1:1:1).

[0066] The preparation method of the fermented soybean meal is as follows: Add 0.6 wt% of neutral protease (based on the mass of soybean meal, with an enzyme activity of 50000 U / g) to the soybean meal, hydrolyze at 50 °C for 6 hours, and then dry to obtain the fermented soybean meal.

[0067] The specific preparation process is as follows:

[0068] After crushing corn, fermented soybean meal, wheat bran, beet pulp, peanuts, and astragalus root to a particle size of 0.8 mm respectively, take the corn, wheat bran, and beet pulp and mix them, add a mixed inoculant of lactic acid bacteria and yeast with a mass ratio of 2:3 (the addition amount of the mixed inoculant is 0.2% of the mass of the mixed system, and the effective viable counts of lactic acid bacteria and yeast are 1×10 9 CFU / g and 1×10 10 CFU / g), and control the fermentation temperature at 30 - 35 °C and the humidity at 60 - 75%, and ferment for 48 hours; then mix with the remaining raw materials, then use a double-shaft paddle mixer to mix for 8 minutes, and then feed it into a granulator to press into feed pellets with a particle size of 3 mm to obtain this special feed.

[0069] Control Group 7 (conventional feed)

[0070] A kind of feed, consisting of the following raw materials in parts by mass:

[0071] 48 parts of corn, 25 parts of soybean meal, 18.5 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of peanuts, 1.5 parts of bone meal, 0.4 part of salt, 0.5 part of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 0.3 part of compound vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin E in a mass ratio of 1:1:1).

[0072] The specific preparation process is as follows:

[0073] After crushing corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and peanuts to a particle size of 0.8 mm, mix with the remaining raw materials, then use a double-shaft paddle mixer to mix for 8 minutes, and then feed it into a granulator to press into feed pellets with a particle size of 3 mm to obtain this feed.

[0074] Effect verification

[0075] The feeds in each example and comparative example were tested for average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, diarrhea frequency, and average immunoglobulin A content. The specific test method was as follows: 90 healthy Hu sheep cubs in the fattening period (50 - 60 days old, half male and half female, and fed under unified conditions for 10 days before the experiment) with similar initial weights were randomly divided into 8 groups for feeding experiments, and fed with the feeds of Example 1 - 2 and Comparative Example 1 - 7 respectively; the specific feeding amount and feeding method were carried out by local conventional means. A 20 - day feeding experiment was conducted. During this period, the average daily gain (counted once every 10 days and the average value was taken), feed conversion ratio, and diarrhea frequency of each treatment group were counted. At the end of the experiment, venous blood was collected to detect the average immunoglobulin A (IgA) content in the serum. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0076] The calculation formula for the feed conversion ratio is: Feed conversion ratio (%) = (total feed intake / total weight gain) × 100%

[0077] Table 1

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] The above - described examples are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special feed for improving the growth rate of lamb cubs, characterized in that: Raw materials, calculated by mass, include: 40-55 parts of corn, 15-20 parts of fermented soybean meal, 5-8 parts of black soldier fly larvae powder, 10-15 parts of bran, 2-5 parts of beet pulp, 2-5 parts of peanuts, 0.3-1 parts of ginger powder, 0.5-1.2 parts of astragalus, 1-2 parts of bone meal, 0.3-0.5 parts of salt, 0.3-0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate and 0.1-0.3 parts of multivitamins.

2. The special feed for improving the growth rate of lamb cubs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the fermented soybean meal comprises the following steps: adding neutral protease into the soybean meal, hydrolyzing, and drying to obtain the fermented soybean meal.

3. The special feed for improving the growth rate of lamb cubs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The addition amount of the neutral protease is 0.2-0.8wt% of the soybean meal, and the enzyme activity is ≥5000U / g; the hydrolysis temperature is 50-55°C, and the time is 4-6 hours.

4. The special feed for improving the growth rate of lamb cubs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multivitamin contains vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E.

5. The special feed for improving the growth rate of lamb cubs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The special feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 48 parts of corn, 17 parts of fermented soybean meal, 8 parts of black soldier fly larvae powder, 14 parts of bran, 4.5 parts of beet pulp, 4 parts of peanuts, 0.9 parts of ginger powder, 1.2 parts of astragalus, 1.5 parts of bone meal, 0.4 parts of salt, 0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate and 0.3 parts of multivitamins.

6. A method for preparing the special feed for improving the growth rate of lamb cubs according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The corn, fermented soybean meal, bran, beet pulp, peanuts and astragalus are crushed, mixed with the remaining raw materials, and granulated to obtain the special feed.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pulverizing is to pulverize to a particle size of 0.5-1.0 mm.

8. Use of the special feed for improving the growth rate of lamb cubs according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in lamb cub breeding.

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