Self-resetting viscoelastic multistage energy consumption damper

Abstract

The self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy dissipation damper comprises a sleeve, a damping rod partially extends into the sleeve, a part of the damping rod partially extends out of the sleeve, the head end of the left side of the damping rod is fixedly connected with an SMA reset spring and an SMA reset steel wire, and an annular space between the inner wall of the sleeve and the damping rod is filled with a viscoelastic material. And the viscoelastic material, the sleeve and the damping rod form an integrated structure. In a small earthquake, energy consumption is dominated through low-threshold shear deformation of the viscous-elastic material, and meanwhile, additional rigidity is provided by the SMA assembly to restrain resonance; when a large earthquake occurs, the SMA reset steel wire and the spring play a main energy dissipation role through the hyperelastic hysteretic energy dissipation connecting pipe, the viscous-elastic material assists in improving the energy dissipation upper limit through the nonlinear shear thickening effect, and a main-auxiliary progressive energy absorption mechanism is formed. After the vibration is finished, the SMA assembly autonomously drives the system to reset based on the shape memory effect, and the viscoelastic material synchronously recovers depending on the entropy elasticity of the molecular chain without external intervention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a damper structure, in particular to a self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy dissipation damper, belonging to the technical field of vibration control of engineering structures. Background Art

[0002] In the field of vibration control of modern engineering structures, although traditional passive dampers (such as viscous dampers and metal yield dampers) are technically mature, they still have certain limitations when dealing with complex load environments. Traditional viscous dampers rely on fluid shear energy dissipation, but their activation threshold is relatively high, resulting in a lag in response under low-amplitude vibrations, making it difficult to effectively suppress the micro-amplitude sway of structures and affecting the use comfort; metal yield dampers cannot play a role in the small earthquake stage because they need plastic deformation to dissipate energy. Viscous dampers are prone to fluid cavitation failure under high-frequency and large-amplitude vibrations, and the energy dissipation efficiency drops sharply; although metal yield dampers can absorb energy through plastic deformation, their irreversible damage makes them unable to be reused, and the residual deformation may exacerbate the secondary disasters of the structure.

[0003] Single-material dampers (such as pure SMA or pure viscoelastic materials) are difficult to balance wide-frequency energy dissipation, rapid response and strong environmental adaptability. For example, the superelastic effect of SMA needs to rely on a temperature field or high stress to trigger, and the phase change efficiency decreases in a low-temperature environment; traditional viscoelastic materials are prone to creep relaxation under extreme temperatures or long-term loads, and the performance decays significantly. Although existing composite material dampers (such as SMA-rubber composites) attempt to combine the advantages of materials, most of them adopt a parallel design, resulting in the "idle" of SMA components during small earthquakes and the "overload" of viscoelastic materials during large earthquakes, and the phased collaborative energy dissipation cannot be achieved.

[0004] Metal yield dampers completely lose their reset ability due to plastic deformation and need to be replaced manually; although viscous dampers can be reset, fluid leakage problems frequently occur due to seal aging after long-term use, and the maintenance cost is high. Some SMA self-resetting dampers restore their shape through thermal drive, but they need external energy to trigger, and the reliability is insufficient in practical engineering, and the reset speed is limited by the phase change dynamics characteristics of the material. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy dissipation damper. Through the deep coupling of material characteristics and mechanical structure, the damper of the present invention solves the core contradictions of "insensitive to small earthquakes, insufficient force in large earthquakes, and unreliable reset" in traditional technologies, and provides an efficient shock absorption solution for the whole life cycle of engineering structures.

[0006] Technical solution of the present invention: A self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy-dissipating damper, comprising a sleeve, a damping rod partially extends into the interior of the sleeve and partially extends outside the sleeve. A SMA reset spring and a SMA reset wire are fixedly connected to the left head end of the damping rod. The annular space between the inner wall of the sleeve and the damping rod is filled with a viscoelastic material, and the viscoelastic material forms an integral structure with the sleeve and the damping rod.

[0007] In the foregoing self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy-dissipating damper, a disc-shaped piston block is provided at the left head end of the damping rod. One end of the SMA reset spring is fixed at the center of the disc-shaped piston block, and multiple SMA reset wires are distributed in the annular space outside the SMA reset spring. One ends of the multiple SMA reset wires are fixed on the disc-shaped piston block.

[0008] In the foregoing self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy-dissipating damper, a connection terminal is provided outside the left end head of the sleeve. The other ends of the SMA reset spring and the SMA reset wire are fixedly connected to the connection terminal, and a connection terminal is also provided at the right end head of the damping rod.

[0009] In the foregoing self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy-dissipating damper, the connection terminal is a hinge joint.

[0010] Beneficial effects of the present invention: Compared with the prior art, the self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy-dissipating damper of the present invention is provided with components such as SMA reset wires, SMA reset springs and viscoelastic materials. During minor earthquakes, energy dissipation is dominated by the low-threshold shear deformation of the viscoelastic material, and at the same time, the SMA components (SMA reset wires and SMA reset springs) provide additional stiffness to suppress resonance; during major earthquakes, the SMA reset wires and springs take over the main energy-dissipating role through superelastic hysteresis energy dissipation, and the viscoelastic material utilizes the non-linear shear thickening effect to assist in increasing the upper limit of energy dissipation, forming a "main - auxiliary" progressive energy absorption mechanism. After the vibration ends, the SMA components autonomously drive the system to reset based on the shape memory effect, and the viscoelastic material relies on the entropy elasticity of molecular chains to recover synchronously without external intervention.

[0011] This structure solves the core contradictions of "insensitivity to minor earthquakes, insufficient force in major earthquakes, and unreliable reset" in traditional technologies through the deep coupling of material properties and mechanical structures, and provides an efficient shock-absorbing solution for the entire life cycle of engineering structures. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 is the full-assembly three-dimensional sectional view of the present invention; Figure 2 is the full-assembly three-dimensional view of the present invention; Figure 3 is the exploded three-dimensional view of the present invention; Figure 4 is the exploded three-dimensional sectional view of the present invention.

[0013] Description of reference numerals: 01 - damper, 101 - sleeve, 102 - damping rod, 103 - viscoelastic material, 104 - SMA reset wire, 105 - SMA reset spring, 106 - disc-shaped piston block, 107 - connection terminal. Specific embodiments

[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but it shall not be used as a basis for limiting the present invention.

[0015] Embodiment of the present invention: A self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy dissipation damper includes a sleeve 101, a damping rod 102 partially extends into the interior of the sleeve 101 and partially extends outside the sleeve 101. The left head end of the damping rod 102 is fixedly connected with an SMA reset spring 105 and an SMA reset wire 104. The annular space between the inner wall of the sleeve 1 and the damping rod 102 is filled with a viscoelastic material 103, and the viscoelastic material 103 forms an integral structure with the sleeve 101 and the damping rod 102.

[0016] A disc-shaped piston block 106 is provided at the left head end of the damping rod 102. One end of the SMA reset spring 105 is fixed at the center of the disc-shaped piston block 106, and multiple SMA reset wires 104 are distributed in the annular space outside the SMA reset spring 105. One ends of the multiple SMA reset wires 104 are fixed on the disc-shaped piston block 106.

[0017] A connection terminal 107 is provided outside the left end head of the sleeve 101. The other ends of the SMA reset spring 105 and the SMA reset wire 104 are fixedly connected to the connection terminal 107, and a connection terminal 107 is also provided at the right end head of the damping rod 102.

[0018] The connection terminal 107 is a hinge joint.

[0019] The damper of the present invention will be described below from several aspects.

[0020] I. Component composition and functions Sleeve 101: The outer housing is used to encapsulate the internal components and provide structural support.

[0021] Damping rod 102: An axially moving component passing through the sleeve 101, which transmits external vibration loads.

[0022] Viscoelastic material 103: Filled in the gap between the sleeve 101 and the damping rod 102, and dissipates energy through viscous shear.

[0023] SMA reset wire 104: Pre-tensioned and arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 101 to provide a shape memory restoring force.

[0024] SMA reset spring 105: Sleeved outside the damping rod 102 to assist in resetting and enhance the damping effect.

[0025] Disk-shaped piston block 106: Fixed at the end of the damping rod 102, and cooperates with the inner wall of the sleeve 101 to form a structure for extruding the viscoelastic material 103.

[0026] Connection terminal 107: Located at both ends of the damping rod 10, used for hinged or bolted connection with external structures such as building beams and columns or tower frame nodes.

[0027] II. Assembly steps and connection methods 1. Pre-assembly of the sleeve 101 and internal components Arrange the SMA reset wire 104 symmetrically along the central axis of the disk-shaped piston block 106 inside the sleeve 101, and fix it by end welding.

[0028] The SMA reset spring 105 is sleeved at the center of the disk-shaped piston block 106 inside the sleeve 101, and fixed by end welding.

[0029] The disk-shaped piston block 106 and the damping rod 102 can be prefabricated in the factory to form an integral component. The disk-shaped piston block 106 and the damping rod 102 can slide along the inner wall of the sleeve 101 with low resistance, realizing the dual functions of high-efficiency energy dissipation and self-resetting, and ensuring uniform clearance between them and the inner wall of the sleeve 101.

[0030] 2. Filling of the viscoelastic material 103 Inject the viscoelastic material 103 into the inner cavity of the sleeve 101 to fill the annular gap between the sleeve 101 and the damping rod 102.

[0031] Through heating or pressure curing process, the viscoelastic material 103 forms an integrated structure with the sleeve 101 and the damping rod 102.

[0032] 3. Assembly of the damping rod 102 and the sleeve 101 Insert the pre-assembled damping rod 102 into the sleeve 101, ensuring that the disk-shaped piston block 106 forms a fit with the inner wall of the sleeve 101.

[0033] Install end caps at both ends of the sleeve 101 and fasten them with bolts.

[0034] 4. Installation of the connection terminal 107 Weld or bolt the connection terminal 107 to both ends of the damping rod 102, and the terminal is designed as a hinge.

[0035] The connection terminal 107 is connected to the external structure by high-strength bolts to ensure effective load transfer.

[0036] III. Working process and coordination mechanism The self - resetting viscoelastic multi - stage energy - dissipating damper of the present invention realizes seismic and wind - resistance performance through the following phased energy - dissipating mechanisms: Energy - dissipating mechanism under minor earthquakes and wind loads: Under wind loads or minor - amplitude earthquake actions, the axial movement amplitude of the damping rod 102 is small, and the cooperation between the disc - shaped piston block 106 and the inner wall of the sleeve 101 causes the viscoelastic material 103 to undergo shear deformation to dissipate energy; The SMA reset spring 105 maintains elastic response during minor earthquakes, provides additional stiffness and low - amplitude vibration suppression ability, and ensures the stability and comfort of the structure under minor earthquakes; Energy - dissipating mechanism under major earthquakes: Under strong earthquake actions, the damping rod 102 reciprocates greatly, and the disc - shaped piston block 106 dynamically squeezes the viscoelastic material 103, triggering the non - linear shear thickening effect of the material and significantly enhancing the energy - dissipating ability; At the same time, the SMA reset wire 104 and the SMA reset spring 105 enter the super - elastic hysteresis stage under severe deformation, absorb a large amount of kinetic energy through stress - induced phase transformation, and form multi - stage energy - dissipating coordination with the viscoelastic material, effectively reducing the peak response of the structure; Self - resetting mechanism: After the vibration ends, the SMA reset wire 104 and the SMA reset spring 105 trigger the shape - memory effect based on temperature or stress unloading, driving the damping rod 102 to accurately reset; The viscoelastic material 103 returns to its original state by its own elasticity after unloading, ensuring that the damper can be reused after multiple earthquakes.

[0037] In the embodiment, the working process of the damper is as follows: Response under minor earthquakes: The viscoelastic material 103 dominates energy dissipation, and the SMA components provide stiffness support; Response under major earthquakes: The viscoelastic material 103 cooperates with the SMA reset wire 104 and the SMA reset spring 105 to dissipate energy, forming a multi - stage energy absorption barrier; Reset stage: The SMA components drive the system (SMA reset wire 104 and SMA reset spring 105) to return to the initial state, and the viscoelastic material 103 resets synchronously, realizing maintenance - free operation.

[0038] V. Construction optimization Modular prefabrication: The sleeve assembly and the damping rod assembly are prefabricated separately. On - site, only the connection terminal 107 needs to be bolt - connected and the viscoelastic material 103 is injected, shortening the construction period.

Claims

1. A self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy dissipation damper, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sleeve (101), a damping rod (102) partially extending into the sleeve (101) and partially extending out of the sleeve (101), a SMA reset spring (105) and an SMA reset wire (104) being fixedly connected to the left head end of the damping rod (102), an annulus between the inner wall of the sleeve (1) and the damping rod (102) being filled with a viscoelastic material (103), and the viscoelastic material (103) and the sleeve (101) and the damping rod (102) forming an integrated structure.

2. A self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy dissipation damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: A disc-shaped piston block (106) is arranged at the left head end of the damping rod (102), one end of the SMA reset spring (105) is fixed at the center of the disc-shaped piston block (106), a plurality of SMA reset steel wires (104) are distributed in the annulus outside the SMA reset spring (105), and one end of the plurality of SMA reset steel wires (104) is fixed on the disc-shaped piston block (106).

3. The self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy dissipation damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting terminal (107) is provided on the outer side of the left end of the sleeve (101), the other ends of the SMA reset spring (105) and the SMA reset wire (104) are fixedly connected to the connecting terminal (107), and the right end of the damping rod (102) is also provided with a connecting terminal (107).

4. The self-resetting viscoelastic multi-stage energy dissipation damper according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The connection terminal (107) is a hinged joint.

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