A high-purity germanium detector and a detection method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a high-purity germanium detector and a detection method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: collecting an electric pulse signal; extracting electric pulse characteristic data from the electric pulse signal based on a preset carrier signal sample; determining a plurality of detection intervals of the high-purity germanium detector by the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector and the electric pulse characteristic data; determining a main pulse peak in a first energy gathering area and a secondary pulse peak in a second energy gathering area of the electric pulse signal according to all the detection intervals and the pulse count rate of the electric pulse signal in each detection interval; determining a response bias of the high-purity germanium detector by the main pulse peak and the secondary pulse peak; performing energy spectrum reading on a confidence electric pulse signal determined by the response bias to obtain nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector. The application obtains the nuclear radiation energy based on the confidence electric pulse signal, can extract the signal characteristics of the electric pulse signal under multiple noise interferences, and thus improves the detection authenticity of the high-purity germanium detector.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent sensor, more particularly, the present application relates to a high purity germanium detector and a detection method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Intelligent sensor is a kind of advanced sensor device that combines sensing, processing and communication capabilities, among which, high purity germanium detector is an intelligent sensor for detecting nuclear radiation related signals, high purity germanium detector realizes the detection of radiation by collecting electron-hole pairs generated by the interaction of rays and germanium crystals, in this process, high purity germanium detector can convert radiation signals into electrical signals, high purity germanium detector can also sense the intensity of gamma rays in the surrounding environment, in addition, high purity germanium detector not only can collect environmental or physical parameters, but also has the ability to process and analyze the collected data in real time.

[0003] With the rapid development of intelligent sensor, high purity germanium detector not only can accurately detect nuclear radiation, but also has intelligent functions such as self-calibration, data processing and remote transmission, high purity germanium detector usually integrates high purity germanium (HPGe) detector, solid-state photomultiplier and other core components, which is used to detect the energy spectrum of nuclear radiation, through digital signal processing and pulse shape analysis technology, high purity germanium detector can effectively distinguish different types of radiation.

[0004] In the field of intelligent sensor, high purity germanium (HPGe) detector is based on the response of semiconductor material to ionizing radiation, when radiation particles (such as gamma rays or X-rays) pass through the germanium crystal, they will interact with the atoms in the crystal to form an electrical pulse signal, the size of this signal is proportional to the energy of the radiation, through processing and analyzing the electrical pulse signal, energy spectrum measurement can be realized, so as to identify the nature of the radiation source; However, when high purity germanium detector detects nuclear radiation, it will be disturbed by various noises, these noises come from a wide range of sources, including the thermal noise of the detector itself, the noise of the electronic system (such as the noise of the preamplifier, the quantization noise in the analog-to-digital conversion process, etc.) and the electromagnetic interference noise of the external environment, noise will be superimposed on the electrical pulse signal, causing the amplitude and shape of the electrical pulse signal to be distorted, resulting in false measurement of radiation energy, therefore, how to extract the signal characteristics of the electrical pulse signal under the interference of multiple noises, so as to improve the detection authenticity of high purity germanium detector has become a difficult problem faced by the industry. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a high purity germanium detector and a detection method thereof, which can extract the signal characteristics of the electrical pulse signal under the interference of multiple noises, thereby improving the detection authenticity of high purity germanium detector.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a nuclear radiation detection method for high purity germanium detector, comprising the following steps:

[0007] collecting, in response to a nuclear radiation detection instruction, an electric pulse signal when the high-purity germanium detector detects nuclear radiation;

[0008] extracting electric pulse feature data from the electric pulse signal, and determining, by an energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector and the electric pulse feature data, a plurality of detection intervals of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation;

[0009] determining, according to all of the detection intervals and pulse count rates of the electric pulse signal in each detection interval, a main pulse peak in a first energy gathering interval and a secondary pulse peak in a second energy gathering interval of the electric pulse signal, and further determining, by the main pulse peak and the secondary pulse peak, a response bias of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation;

[0010] extracting, based on the response bias, valid pulse edge information from the electric pulse signal, and further determining, by the pulse edge information, a confident electric pulse signal of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation;

[0011] performing energy spectrum readout on the confident electric pulse signal to obtain nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector.

[0012] In some embodiments, the extracting of the electric pulse feature data from the electric pulse signal specifically includes:

[0013] obtaining a preset low-pass filter;

[0014] inputting the electric pulse signal into the low-pass filter for filtering, and taking filtered electric pulse signal data as the electric pulse feature data.

[0015] In some embodiments, the determining, by the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector and the electric pulse feature data, of the plurality of detection intervals of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation specifically includes:

[0016] obtaining an energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector;

[0017] extracting a maximum electric pulse feature value and a minimum electric pulse feature value in the electric pulse feature data;

[0018] determining a division number of the electric pulse feature data according to the maximum electric pulse feature value, the minimum electric pulse feature value, and the energy resolution;

[0019] dividing the electric pulse feature data based on the division number to obtain the plurality of detection intervals of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation.

[0020] In some embodiments, determining the main pulse peak of the electric pulse signal in the first energy gathering region and the secondary pulse peak of the electric pulse signal in the second energy gathering region according to all the detection intervals and the pulse count rate of the electric pulse signal in each detection interval specifically comprises:

[0021] determining the pulse count rate of the electric pulse signal in each detection interval;

[0022] determining the pulse amplitude histogram according to all the detection intervals and the pulse count rate of each detection interval;

[0023] identifying the detection interval where the maximum pulse count rate is located from the pulse amplitude histogram, and taking the identified detection interval as the first energy gathering region;

[0024] determining the main pulse peak of the electric pulse signal in the first energy gathering region;

[0025] identifying the detection interval where the minimum pulse count rate is located from the pulse amplitude histogram, and taking the identified detection interval as the second energy gathering region;

[0026] determining the secondary pulse peak of the electric pulse signal in the second energy gathering region.

[0027] In some embodiments, the energy spectrum readout of the confident electric pulse signal to obtain the nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector specifically comprises:

[0028] converting each electric pulse amplitude in the confident electric pulse signal into an energy value;

[0029] recording the converted energy value into an energy spectrum, and counting the occurrence frequency of each energy value, and then determining an energy spectrum diagram according to each energy value and the occurrence frequency of each energy value;

[0030] extracting the nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector from the energy spectrum diagram.

[0031] In some embodiments, the high-purity germanium detector is a nuclear radiation detection sensor using a high-purity germanium crystal as a detection material.

[0032] In some embodiments, the high-purity germanium detector is placed in a preset steady-state temperature interval for nuclear radiation detection.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present application provides a high-purity germanium detector, which comprises a nuclear radiation detection unit, and the nuclear radiation detection unit comprises:

[0034] a collection module, configured to collect an electric pulse signal during nuclear radiation detection by the high-purity germanium detector in response to a nuclear radiation detection instruction;

[0035] a processing module configured to extract electric pulse feature data from the electric pulse signals, and determine a plurality of detection intervals of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation by energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector and the electric pulse feature data;

[0036] The processing module is further configured to determine a main pulse peak of a first energy gathering area and a secondary pulse peak of a second energy gathering area of the electric pulse signals according to all the detection intervals and pulse count rates of the electric pulse signals in each detection interval, and further determine a response bias of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation by the main pulse peak and the secondary pulse peak.

[0037] The processing module is further configured to extract valid pulse edge information from the electric pulse signals based on the response bias, and further determine a confident electric pulse signal of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation by the pulse edge information.

[0038] an executing module configured to perform energy spectrum readout on the confident electric pulse signal to obtain nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector.

[0039] In a third aspect, a computer device is provided, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a code. The processor is configured to acquire the code and execute the nuclear radiation detection method for a high-purity germanium detector.

[0040] In a fourth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the nuclear radiation detection method for a high-purity germanium detector.

[0041] The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The high-purity germanium detector and the detection method thereof provided by the application, first, in response to a nuclear radiation detection instruction, an electric pulse signal during nuclear radiation detection is collected by the high-purity germanium detector; second, electric pulse feature data is extracted from the electric pulse signal, and a plurality of detection intervals of the high-purity germanium detector during nuclear radiation detection are determined by the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector and the electric pulse feature data; further, a main pulse peak of a first energy gathering area and a secondary pulse peak of a second energy gathering area are determined according to all the detection intervals and pulse count rates of the electric pulse signal in each detection interval, and then the response bias of the high-purity germanium detector during nuclear radiation detection is determined through the main pulse peak and the secondary pulse peak; then, based on the response bias, valid pulse edge information is extracted from the electric pulse signal, and then the confident electric pulse signal of the high-purity germanium detector during nuclear radiation detection is determined through the pulse edge information; finally, the confident electric pulse signal is subjected to energy spectrum reading, and the nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector is obtained.

[0043] It can be seen that the application can extract the signal features of the electric pulse signal under multi-noise interference, thereby improving the detection authenticity of the high-purity germanium detector; first, the electric pulse feature data is extracted from the electric pulse signal based on the preset carrier signal sample, and the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector and the electric pulse feature data are used to determine a plurality of detection intervals of the high-purity germanium detector during nuclear radiation detection, so as to effectively reflect the radiation intensity in the energy range, facilitating subsequent energy spectrum analysis and radiation source feature recognition; second, the main pulse peak of the first energy gathering area and the secondary pulse peak of the second energy gathering area are determined according to the pulse count rates corresponding to each detection interval, which can effectively identify the maximum and minimum radiation change amounts of nuclear radiation, so as to further analyze the change characteristics of the electric pulse signal; further, the response bias of the high-purity germanium detector during nuclear radiation detection is determined through the main pulse peak and the secondary pulse peak, so as to accurately distinguish the signal events of interest from the electric pulse signal, thereby avoiding the influence of electric pulse signal distortion caused by various noise interferences during nuclear radiation detection of the high-purity germanium detector, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of nuclear radiation detection; then, based on the response bias, valid pulse edge information is extracted from the electric pulse signal, and the confident electric pulse signal of the high-purity germanium detector during nuclear radiation detection is determined through the pulse edge information, which effectively eliminates background noise and other interferences and provides more accurate radiation measurement results; finally, the confident electric pulse signal is subjected to energy spectrum reading, and the nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector is obtained; in summary, the technical solution provided by the application can extract the signal features of the electric pulse signal under multi-noise interference, thereby improving the detection authenticity of the high-purity germanium detector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 is an example flow chart of a nuclear radiation detection method for a high purity germanium detector according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 is an example flow chart of determining electric pulse feature data according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0046] Figure 3 is an example flow chart of determining response bias according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0047] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a nuclear radiation detection unit according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0048] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a computer device implementing a nuclear radiation detection method for a high purity germanium detector according to some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings of the specification and specific embodiments.

[0050] Referring to Figure 1 is an example flow chart of a nuclear radiation detection method for a high purity germanium detector according to some embodiments of the present application, the nuclear radiation detection method 100 for a high purity germanium detector mainly includes the following steps:

[0051] In step 101, in response to a nuclear radiation detection instruction, an electric pulse signal during nuclear radiation detection is collected by the high purity germanium detector.

[0052] It should be noted that the high purity germanium detector in the present application is a nuclear radiation detection sensor that uses high purity germanium crystal as a detection material, has high energy resolution, high detection efficiency and good stability. The high purity germanium detector converts incident gamma rays into electric signals based on the internal photoelectric effect of semiconductor material germanium, and usually works at low temperature (such as liquid nitrogen temperature) to reduce noise and improve sensitivity. When gamma rays are incident on the detector, electron-hole pairs are generated, which are collected under the action of an external electric field to form a pulse electric signal.

[0053] In specific implementation, in response to a nuclear radiation detection instruction, the high purity germanium detector is placed in a preset steady state temperature interval for nuclear radiation detection, the steady state temperature interval is between 77K (-196°C) and 20K (-253.15°C), and an electric pulse signal during nuclear radiation detection is collected by a preamplifier in the high purity germanium detector.

[0054] It should be noted that the steady-state temperature range in this application refers to the temperature range of the high-purity germanium detector under effective cooling conditions. The high-purity germanium detector needs to be under a stable cooling temperature to effectively detect nuclear radiation. In this application, the electrical pulse signal refers to the current change signal generated by the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation events. These signals are generated due to the interaction between radiation particles and atoms in the germanium crystal, resulting in the generation of electron-hole pairs. The characteristics of this signal (such as amplitude and duration) are closely related to the energy and type of radiation. After pre-amplification and analog-to-digital conversion, it can provide important information about the radiation event for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0055] In step 102, electrical pulse feature data is extracted from the electrical pulse signal, and multiple detection ranges of the high-purity germanium detector during nuclear radiation detection are determined by the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector and the electrical pulse feature data.

[0056] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 As shown, this figure is an exemplary flowchart illustrating the determination of electrical pulse feature data according to some embodiments of this application. In this embodiment, the extraction of electrical pulse feature data from the electrical pulse signal can be achieved through the following steps:

[0057] First, in step 1021, a preset low-pass filter is obtained;

[0058] Then, in step 1022, the electrical pulse signal is input into the low-pass filter for filtering, and the filtered electrical pulse signal data is used as electrical pulse feature data.

[0059] In practice, a preset low-pass filter can be obtained from the high-purity germanium detection database. The low-pass filter is designed based on the spectral characteristics of the electrical pulse signal, which will not be elaborated here. The high-purity germanium detection database refers to a database used to store, manage, and analyze the data generated by the high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector during nuclear radiation detection.

[0060] In a specific implementation, the electrical pulse signal is input into the low-pass filter for filtering, and the filtered electrical pulse signal data is used as electrical pulse feature data. That is, the electrical pulse signal is input into the low-pass filter, the transfer function of the low-pass filter is used to perform a convolution operation on the electrical pulse signal, and the electrical pulse signal data after the convolution operation is used as electrical pulse feature data. In addition, in other implementation examples, other filtering methods can be used to extract electrical pulse feature data from the electrical pulse signal, which is not limited here.

[0061] It should be noted that the electric pulse characteristic data in the present application represents the electric pulse characteristic value data after suppressing high-frequency noise in the electric pulse signal. The electric pulse characteristic data contains a plurality of electric pulse characteristic values, which are the electric pulse amplitudes after the electric pulse signal is processed by a low-pass filter. These data can be used to further analyze the amplitude variation trend, peak value and other information of the signal. For example, in the signal processing of a high-purity germanium detector, the variation of the nuclear radiation signal strength can be analyzed through the electric pulse characteristic data, which helps to judge the strength variation of the radiation source, thereby providing a basis for subsequent analysis (such as energy spectrum measurement and radiation type identification), and ensuring that the high-purity germanium detector can accurately identify and quantitatively analyze nuclear radiation.

[0062] In some embodiments, the plurality of detection intervals of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation are determined by the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector and the electric pulse characteristic data, which can be implemented by the following steps, namely:

[0063] obtaining the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector;

[0064] extracting the maximum electric pulse characteristic value and the minimum electric pulse characteristic value in the electric pulse characteristic data;

[0065] determining the division number of the electric pulse characteristic data according to the maximum electric pulse characteristic value, the minimum electric pulse characteristic value and the energy resolution;

[0066] dividing the electric pulse characteristic data based on the division number to obtain the plurality of detection intervals of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation.

[0067] In specific implementation, the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector can be obtained through the parameter nameplate of the high-purity germanium detector. In the present application, the energy resolution represents the minimum energy variation that the high-purity germanium detector can distinguish, which is used to measure the resolution ability of the system to energy information. In the present application, the amplitude is used to represent the energy.

[0068] In specific implementation, the division number of the electric pulse characteristic data is determined according to the maximum electric pulse characteristic value, the minimum electric pulse characteristic value and the energy resolution, that is, the maximum electric pulse characteristic value is subtracted from the minimum electric pulse characteristic value, and the quotient of the difference value and the energy resolution is rounded up, and the rounded value is taken as the division number of the electric pulse characteristic data. In addition, in other embodiments, other calculation methods can also be used to calculate the division number of the electric pulse characteristic data, which is not limited here. In the present embodiment, the division number represents the number of intervals that the electric pulse characteristic data needs to be divided.

[0069] In a specific implementation, the electric pulse characteristic data is divided based on the division number to obtain a plurality of detection intervals of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation, that is, the electric pulse characteristic data is uniformly divided according to the size of the division number to obtain a plurality of detection intervals of the electric pulse characteristic data.

[0070] It should be noted that the detection interval in the present application represents the detection range of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting energy, and the detection interval is used to measure radiation events of different energy levels, wherein the pulse count in each detection interval can reflect the radiation intensity in the energy range, facilitating subsequent energy spectrum analysis and radiation source feature recognition. Therefore, by determining the detection interval, the overall energy range can be divided into small energy ranges, and the local small changes in energy can be better identified, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent nuclear radiation measurement. In addition, the nuclear radiation energy is represented by the amplitude of the pulse signal in the present application.

[0071] In step 103, the main pulse peak of the electric pulse signal in the first energy aggregation area and the secondary pulse peak of the electric pulse signal in the second energy aggregation area are determined according to all the detection intervals and the pulse count rate of the electric pulse signal in each detection interval, and then the response bias of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation is determined through the main pulse peak and the secondary pulse peak.

[0072] In some embodiments, the main pulse peak of the electric pulse signal in the first energy aggregation area and the secondary pulse peak of the electric pulse signal in the second energy aggregation area can be determined according to all the detection intervals and the pulse count rate of the electric pulse signal in each detection interval by the following steps, that is:

[0073] determining the pulse count rate of the electric pulse signal in each detection interval;

[0074] determining the pulse amplitude histogram according to all the detection intervals and the pulse count rate of each detection interval;

[0075] identifying the detection interval in which the maximum pulse count rate is located from the pulse amplitude histogram, and taking the identified detection interval as the first energy aggregation area;

[0076] determining the main pulse peak of the electric pulse signal in the first energy aggregation area;

[0077] identifying the detection interval in which the minimum pulse count rate is located from the pulse amplitude histogram, and taking the identified detection interval as the second energy aggregation area;

[0078] determining the secondary pulse peak of the electric pulse signal in the second energy aggregation area.

[0079] In a specific implementation, the pulse count rate of the electric pulse signal in each detection interval is determined, that is, each pulse amplitude in the electric pulse signal is mapped in each detection interval, if the mapping is successful, the pulse count rate of the corresponding detection interval is increased by 1, otherwise, no counting is performed, until the mapping of all pulse amplitudes is completed, and then the pulse count rate of each detection interval is obtained.

[0080] It should be noted that in the present application, the pulse count rate represents the number of pulse signals output by the high-purity germanium detector in the detection interval during nuclear radiation detection, that is, the greater the pulse count rate, the more pulse signals output by the high-purity germanium detector in the detection interval during nuclear radiation detection, and the stronger the energy concentration of the interval, the smaller the pulse count rate, the fewer pulse signals output by the high-purity germanium detector in the detection interval during nuclear radiation detection, and the weaker the energy concentration of the interval. By determining the pulse count rate, the intensity change level of nuclear radiation can be effectively identified.

[0081] In a specific implementation, the pulse amplitude histogram is determined according to all detection intervals and the pulse count rate of each detection interval, that is, each detection interval is sequentially taken as a horizontal axis element, and the pulse count rate of each detection interval is taken as a vertical axis element, and then the pulse amplitude histogram is obtained. It should be noted that in the present application, the pulse amplitude histogram represents a visual diagram of the number of pulse signals in each detection interval.

[0082] It should be noted that in the present application, the first energy concentration area represents the signal interval with the strongest signal concentration of the electric pulse signal, and the first energy concentration area represents the strongest nuclear radiation energy in the area. This area usually has the highest energy density. By identifying the first energy concentration area, the maximum radiation change amount of nuclear radiation can be effectively identified. In the present application, the second energy concentration area represents the signal interval with the weakest signal concentration of the electric pulse signal, and the second energy concentration area represents the weakest nuclear radiation energy in the area. This area usually has the lowest energy density. By identifying the second energy concentration area, the minimum radiation change amount of nuclear radiation can be effectively identified.

[0083] In a specific implementation, the main pulse peak of the electric pulse signal in the first energy concentration area is determined, that is, the frequency distribution of all electric pulse amplitudes in the first energy concentration area is counted, and the electric pulse amplitude with the highest frequency distribution is taken as the main pulse peak.

[0084] It should be noted that in the present application, the main pulse peak represents a maximum signal amplitude of the electric pulse signal in the region with the strongest signal concentration, which is used as the main signal feature of the electric pulse signal change. By determining the main pulse peak, the signal quality of the electric pulse signal, such as the intensity, stability, distortion degree, etc. of the signal, can be effectively identified, so that the change of the signal quality can be found in time, and corresponding measures can be taken for adjustment and optimization.

[0085] In a specific implementation, the sub-peak of the electric pulse signal in the second energy concentration area is determined by counting the frequency distribution of all electric pulse amplitudes in the second energy concentration area, and the electric pulse amplitude with the lowest frequency distribution is taken as the main-peak.

[0086] It should be noted that the sub-peak of the electric pulse signal represents a minimum signal amplitude in the area with the weakest signal concentration, and is used as an auxiliary signal feature of the electric pulse signal change. By determining the sub-peak, the signal quality of the electric pulse signal, such as the strength, stability, distortion degree, etc., can be effectively identified, so that the change of the signal quality can be found in time, and corresponding measures can be taken for adjustment and optimization.

[0087] It should be noted that by determining the main-peak of the electric pulse signal in the first energy concentration area and the sub-peak of the electric pulse signal in the second energy concentration area, a suitable pulse response value can be effectively determined, so as to improve the identification accuracy of the electric pulse signal, reduce the possibility of misjudgment and omission, and enhance the overall performance of the high-purity germanium detector.

[0088] In some embodiments, with reference to Figure 3 FIG. 10 shows an exemplary flowchart for determining the response bias according to some embodiments of the present application. In this embodiment, the response bias of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation is determined by the main-peak and the sub-peak, which can be achieved by the following steps:

[0089] First, in step 1031, the adaptive adjustment coefficient of the high-purity germanium detector is determined.

[0090] Then, in step 1032, the response bias of the high-purity germanium detector when detecting nuclear radiation is determined according to the adaptive adjustment coefficient, the main-peak of the first energy concentration area, and the sub-peak of the second energy concentration area.

[0091] In a specific implementation, the adaptive adjustment coefficient of the high-purity germanium detector is determined. The adaptive adjustment coefficient can be measured by the response curve of the detector using a known energy radioactive source (such as Co-60, Cs-137), and a non-linear compensation coefficient is determined. For example, the slope of the response curve is taken as the adaptive adjustment coefficient of the high-purity germanium detector. In addition, in other embodiments, the adaptive adjustment coefficient can also be set according to actual needs, which is not limited herein. In this embodiment, the adaptive adjustment coefficient represents a value used to adjust the interference quantity in the process of detecting nuclear radiation.

[0092] In a specific implementation, the response bias of the high-purity germanium detector in detecting nuclear radiation is determined according to the adaptive adjustment coefficient, the main pulse peak of the first energy accumulation area, and the secondary pulse peak of the second energy accumulation area, that is, first, the amplitude of the electric pulse corresponding to the main pulse peak is subtracted from the amplitude of the electric pulse corresponding to the secondary pulse peak, then the result of the subtraction is multiplied by the adaptive adjustment coefficient, and finally the result of the multiplication is taken as the response bias of the high-purity germanium detector in detecting nuclear radiation. In other embodiments, the response bias of the high-purity germanium detector in detecting nuclear radiation can also be calculated by using other calculation methods.

[0093] It should be noted that the response bias in the present application represents an index for measuring the deviation of the response of the high-purity germanium detector to nuclear radiation. The high-purity germanium detector generates electric pulse signals of different amplitudes in response to nuclear radiation of different energies. In nuclear radiation detection, there are other interference factors, so that the obtained electric pulse signals are not pure. Therefore, by determining the response bias, the system can accurately distinguish the signal events of interest from the electric pulse signals, avoid unnecessary interference, improve the accuracy of signal analysis, and thus obtain more real and effective nuclear radiation intensity.

[0094] In step 104, valid pulse edge information is extracted from the electric pulse signal based on the response bias, and then the confidence electric pulse signal of the high-purity germanium detector in detecting nuclear radiation is determined based on the pulse edge information.

[0095] In some embodiments, the valid pulse edge information can be extracted from the electric pulse signal based on the response bias by using the following steps, that is,

[0096] The electric pulse signal is sampled to obtain a sequence of sampling points.

[0097] The amplitudes of the electric pulses corresponding to the sampling points in the sequence of sampling points are compared with the response bias in sequence, and all valid pulse rising edges and all valid pulse falling edges are determined based on all comparison results.

[0098] The time points and positions of each valid pulse rising edge and valid pulse falling edge are recorded respectively, and valid pulse edge information is obtained.

[0099] In a specific implementation, the electric pulse signal is sampled to obtain a sequence of sampling points, that is, the electric pulse signal is sampled according to a predetermined sampling step, and each sampling point is arranged according to a sampling sequence to obtain a sequence of sampling points. In this embodiment, the sequence of sampling points includes a plurality of sampling points, and each sampling point corresponds to a signal amplitude.

[0100] In a specific implementation, the amplitudes of the sampling points in the sequence are compared with the response bias in sequence, i.e., the amplitudes of the sampling points in the sequence are compared with the response bias in size, and the comparison results are recorded, including the results that the amplitudes are greater than the response bias, the amplitudes are equal to the response bias, and the amplitudes are less than the response bias.

[0101] In a specific implementation, all the valid pulse rising edges and all the valid pulse falling edges are determined according to all the comparison results, i.e., when the amplitudes of the three continuous sampling points are all greater than the response bias, and the amplitudes of the three sampling points increase in sequence, the edge where the three sampling points are located is taken as a valid pulse rising edge; when the amplitudes of the three continuous sampling points are all less than the response bias, and the amplitudes of the three sampling points decrease in sequence, the edge where the three sampling points are located is taken as a valid pulse falling edge, otherwise, the edge is not taken as a valid pulse rising edge or a valid pulse falling edge, and then all the valid pulse rising edges and all the valid pulse falling edges are obtained.

[0102] It should be noted that the valid pulse rising edge in the embodiment represents a reliable pulse rising edge in the electric pulse signal, and the valid pulse falling edge in the embodiment represents a reliable pulse falling edge in the electric pulse signal.

[0103] It should be noted that the valid pulse edge information in the application represents information including time points of the rising edge and the falling edge of the valid pulse in the electric pulse signal and corresponding amplitudes of the electric pulse, which is used to describe the change characteristics of the electric pulse signal, help to analyze the time distribution and intensity characteristics of the radiation event, and is crucial for subsequent energy spectrum analysis and signal processing, and can effectively provide detailed timing and energy information about the radiation event.

[0104] In some embodiments, the step of determining the reliable electric pulse signal when the high-purity germanium detector detects nuclear radiation through the pulse edge information can include the following steps, i.e.,

[0105] The closest valid pulse rising edge and the closest valid pulse falling edge in the pulse edge information are extracted, and the closest valid pulse rising edge and the closest valid pulse falling edge are taken as a sub-pulse, and then a plurality of sub-pulses are obtained.

[0106] The power amplitude of each sub-pulse is determined.

[0107] The power amplitudes of the sub-pulses are compared with a power amplitude threshold, all power amplitudes greater than the power amplitude threshold are extracted, and the sub-pulses corresponding to the extracted power amplitudes are retained, otherwise, the sub-pulses corresponding to the power amplitudes are discarded, and then all the retained sub-pulses are obtained.

[0108] The retained sub-pulses are reconstructed to obtain the confidence electric pulse signal when the high-purity germanium detector detects nuclear radiation.

[0109] It should be noted that the sub-pulse in the embodiment represents a smaller pulse component in the electric pulse signal.

[0110] In a specific implementation, the power amplitude of each sub-pulse is determined, that is, the voltage waveform of each sub-pulse is obtained, and for each sub-pulse, the voltage waveform of the sub-pulse is integrated by using a preset integral function, and then the power amplitude of each sub-pulse is obtained. In the embodiment, the power amplitude represents the degree of change of the electric pulse amplitude in a certain range in the pulse signal.

[0111] It should be noted that the power amplitude threshold in the embodiment is a standard power amplitude value preset for comparison with the current power amplitude, and can be set according to actual needs.

[0112] In a specific implementation, all the retained sub-pulses are reconstructed to obtain the confidence electric pulse signal when the high-purity germanium detector detects nuclear radiation, that is, the retained sub-pulses are superimposed in the original time sequence on the time axis, and then the confidence electric pulse signal when the high-purity germanium detector detects nuclear radiation is obtained.

[0113] It should be noted that the confidence electric pulse signal in the application represents an effective electric pulse signal obtained when the high-purity germanium detector detects nuclear radiation, which can be used to reflect the true amplitude value of the effective nuclear radiation event. The confidence electric pulse signal effectively eliminates background noise and other interference, provides more accurate radiation measurement results, and effectively identifies the radiation source and its characteristics.

[0114] In step 105, the confidence electric pulse signal is subjected to energy spectrum readout to obtain the nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector.

[0115] In some embodiments, the confidence electric pulse signal is subjected to energy spectrum readout to obtain the nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector, which can be implemented by the following steps, that is,

[0116] Each electric pulse amplitude in the confidence electric pulse signal is converted into an energy value.

[0117] record the converted energy values into an energy spectrum, and count the occurrence frequencies of the energy values, and then determine the energy spectrum diagram according to the energy values and the occurrence frequencies of the energy values;

[0118] extract the nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector from the energy spectrum diagram.

[0119] In a specific implementation, first, each electric pulse amplitude in the confidence electric pulse signal is converted into an energy value through a preset energy calibration curve, then the converted energy values are recorded into an energy spectrum, and the occurrence frequencies of the energy values are counted, and the energy spectrum diagram is constructed by taking each energy value as a horizontal axis element and taking the occurrence frequency corresponding to each energy value as a vertical axis.

[0120] It should be noted that the preset energy calibration curve in this embodiment is obtained by calibrating a known energy radioactive source (such as cobalt-60, cesium-137) by a high-purity germanium detector, which is not described here. In this embodiment, the energy spectrum diagram represents a chart of the occurrence frequencies of nuclear radiation particles at different energy levels, which is usually used to analyze the characteristics of a nuclear radiation source and obtain the nuclear radiation energy.

[0121] It should also be noted that the nuclear radiation energy in this application represents the measured nuclear radiation intensity. By measuring the nuclear radiation energy, important information about the nature, type, and potential harm of the radiation source can be effectively obtained.

[0122] In addition, another aspect of the present application, in some embodiments, the present application provides a high-purity germanium detector, which comprises a nuclear radiation detection unit, for reference Figure 4 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of a nuclear radiation detection unit according to some embodiments of the present application. The nuclear radiation detection unit 200 comprises a collection module 201, a processing module 202, and an execution module 203, which are described as follows:

[0123] The collection module 201 is mainly used to collect the electric pulse signal during nuclear radiation detection by the high-purity germanium detector in response to a nuclear radiation detection instruction.

[0124] The processing module 202 is mainly used to extract electric pulse feature data from the electric pulse signal, and determine a plurality of detection intervals of the high-purity germanium detector during nuclear radiation detection through the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector and the electric pulse feature data.

[0125] The processing module 202 is further configured to determine the main pulse peak of the electrical pulse signal in the first energy accumulation region and the subpulse peak of the electrical pulse signal in the second energy accumulation region based on all detection intervals and the pulse count rate of the electrical pulse signal in each detection interval, and then determine the response bias of the high-purity germanium detector when performing nuclear radiation detection through the main pulse peak and the subpulse peak.

[0126] In addition, the processing module 202 is also used to extract valid pulse edge information from the electrical pulse signal based on the response bias, and then determine the confidence electrical pulse signal when the high-purity germanium detector detects nuclear radiation through the pulse edge information;

[0127] The execution module 203 in this application is mainly used to read out the energy spectrum of the confidence electrical pulse signal to obtain the nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector.

[0128] In addition, this application also provides a computer device, the computer device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing code, the processor being configured to acquire the code and execute the above-described nuclear radiation detection method for a high-purity germanium detector.

[0129] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device used in a nuclear radiation detection method for a high-purity germanium detector, according to some embodiments of this application. The nuclear radiation detection method for a high-purity germanium detector in the above embodiments can be... Figure 5 The computer device shown is used to implement this, and the computer device 300 includes at least one processor 301, a communication bus 302, a memory 303, and at least one communication interface 304.

[0130] The processor 301 can be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more devices used to control the execution of the nuclear radiation detection method for the high-purity germanium detector in this application.

[0131] The communication bus 302 can be used to transmit information between the aforementioned components.

[0132] The memory 303 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM), or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, and can be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other optical disk storage, a magnetic disk or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium capable of storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this. The memory 303 can exist independently, and is connected to the processor 301 through the communication bus 302. The memory 303 can also be integrated with the processor 301.

[0133] The memory 303 is configured to store program codes for implementing the solutions of the present application, and the processor 301 is configured to control the execution. The processor 301 is configured to execute the program codes stored in the memory 303. The program codes can include one or more software modules. The determination of the nuclear radiation detection method for the high-purity germanium detector in the above embodiments can be implemented by one or more software modules in the program codes in the processor 301 and the memory 303.

[0134] The communication interface 304 is configured to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as an Ethernet, a radio access network (RAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), etc., using any transceiver-like device.

[0135] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the computer device can include a plurality of processors, each of which can be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor. The processor herein can refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0136] The computer device described above can be a general-purpose computer device or a special-purpose computer device. In a specific implementation, the computer device can be a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, a communication device, or an embedded device. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the type of the computer device.

[0137] In addition, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the nuclear radiation detection method for a high-purity germanium detector.

[0138] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art who are familiar with the basic inventive concept can make additional changes and modifications to the embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0139] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for detecting nuclear radiation using a high-purity germanium detector, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: In response to a nuclear radiation detection command, the high-purity germanium detector collects the electrical pulse signal during nuclear radiation detection. Electric pulse feature data is extracted from the electric pulse signal, and multiple detection ranges of the high-purity germanium detector during nuclear radiation detection are determined by the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector and the electric pulse feature data. Based on all detection intervals and the pulse count rate of the electrical pulse signal in each detection interval, the main pulse peak of the electrical pulse signal in the first energy accumulation region and the secondary pulse peak in the second energy accumulation region are determined, and then the response bias of the high-purity germanium detector when performing nuclear radiation detection is determined by the main pulse peak and the secondary pulse peak. Based on the response bias, effective pulse edge information is extracted from the electrical pulse signal, and then the confidence electrical pulse signal when the high-purity germanium detector detects nuclear radiation is determined by the pulse edge information. The energy spectrum of the confidence electrical pulse signal is read out to obtain the nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector. Specifically, determining the main pulse peak of the electrical pulse signal in the first energy accumulation region and the secondary pulse peak in the second energy accumulation region based on all detection intervals and the pulse count rate of the electrical pulse signal in each detection interval includes: Determine the pulse count rate of the electrical pulse signal in each detection interval; The pulse amplitude histogram is determined based on all detection intervals and the pulse count rate of each detection interval; The detection interval containing the maximum pulse count rate is identified from the pulse amplitude histogram, and the identified detection interval is used as the first energy accumulation region. The main pulse peak of the electrical pulse signal in the first energy accumulation region was determined; The detection interval containing the minimum pulse count rate is identified from the pulse amplitude histogram, and the identified detection interval is used as the second energy accumulation region. The sub-pulse peak of the electrical pulse signal in the second energy accumulation region is determined.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Extracting electrical pulse feature data from the electrical pulse signal specifically includes: Obtain the preset low-pass filter; The electrical pulse signal is input into the low-pass filter for filtering, and the filtered electrical pulse signal data is used as electrical pulse feature data.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-purity germanium detector's multiple detection ranges for nuclear radiation detection are determined using the energy resolution and electrical pulse characteristic data of the high-purity germanium detector, specifically including: Obtain the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector; Extract the maximum and minimum electrical pulse feature values ​​from the electrical pulse feature data; The number of divisions of the electrical pulse feature data is determined based on the maximum electrical pulse feature value, the minimum electrical pulse feature value, and the energy resolution. The electrical pulse characteristic data is divided based on the number of divisions to obtain multiple detection intervals for the high-purity germanium detector during nuclear radiation detection.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy spectrum of the confidence pulse signal is read out to obtain the nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector, specifically including: The amplitude of each electrical pulse in the confidence electrical pulse signal is converted into an energy value; The converted energy values ​​are recorded in the energy spectrum, and the frequency of each energy value is counted. Then, the energy spectrum is determined based on each energy value and its frequency. The nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector is extracted from the energy spectrum.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-purity germanium detector is a nuclear radiation detection sensor that uses high-purity germanium crystals as the detection material.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The high-purity germanium detector is placed within a preset steady-state temperature range for nuclear radiation detection.

7. A high-purity germanium detector, which performs nuclear radiation detection using the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6, the high-purity germanium detector comprising a nuclear radiation detection unit, characterized in that, The nuclear radiation detection unit includes: The acquisition module is used to respond to nuclear radiation detection commands and acquire electrical pulse signals during nuclear radiation detection using the high-purity germanium detector. The processing module is used to extract electrical pulse feature data from the electrical pulse signal, and to determine multiple detection ranges of the high-purity germanium detector during nuclear radiation detection by using the energy resolution of the high-purity germanium detector and the electrical pulse feature data. The processing module is further configured to determine the main pulse peak of the electrical pulse signal in the first energy accumulation region and the secondary pulse peak in the second energy accumulation region based on all detection intervals and the pulse count rate of the electrical pulse signal in each detection interval, and then determine the response bias of the high-purity germanium detector when performing nuclear radiation detection through the main pulse peak and the secondary pulse peak. The processing module is further configured to extract valid pulse edge information from the electrical pulse signal based on the response bias, and then determine the confidence electrical pulse signal when the high-purity germanium detector detects nuclear radiation through the pulse edge information; The execution module is used to read out the energy spectrum of the confidence electrical pulse signal to obtain the nuclear radiation energy measured by the high-purity germanium detector.

8. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing code, and the processor being configured to retrieve the code and execute the nuclear radiation detection method for a high-purity germanium detector as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the nuclear radiation detection method for a high-purity germanium detector as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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