Transmission line, oscillator, phase shifter, feed network, antenna and communication device

Abstract

The invention provides a transmission line, an oscillator, a phase shifter, a feed network, an antenna and communication equipment. The transmission line comprises a first inner core which comprises a first main body surface, and the first main body surface is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first inner core; the floor comprises a first slotted hole penetrating through the thickness of the floor, and the inner wall of the first slotted hole is coupled with the first main body surface to form a capacitor. According to the technical scheme, the tolerance sensitivity of the transmission line impedance can be reduced, the tolerance resistance of the transmission line is improved, and therefore the stability of the transmission line impedance can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a transmission line, an oscillator, a phase shifter, a feed network, an antenna, and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] A transmission line is a wire or wire system with specific parameters and characteristic impedance. Its basic structure includes an inner core and a ground, where the inner core and the ground form a capacitor. In a wireless communication system, the transmission line connects the main parts of the entire system. It not only needs to have the ability to transmit signals, but also ensure the stability of signal transmission. Generally speaking, the stable impedance of the transmission line can ensure the stable and reliable signal transmission.

[0003] However, the impedance of the existing transmission line is sensitive to the relative position change between the inner core and the ground, and is prone to drastic changes, thus affecting the quality of signal transmission. Therefore, how to ensure the stability of the transmission line impedance has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a transmission line, an oscillator, a phase shifter, a feed network, an antenna, and a communication device, which can ensure the stability of the transmission line impedance.

[0005] In a first aspect, a transmission line is provided, including: a first inner core, including a first main surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first inner core; a ground, including a first slot hole penetrating through the thickness of the ground, wherein the inner wall of the first slot hole is coupled with the first main surface to form a capacitor.

[0006] In the embodiments of this application, the inner wall of the first slot hole is coupled with the first main surface of the first inner core to form a capacitor. When the relative position between the first inner core and the ground changes, the coupling capacitor between the first inner core and the ground changes very little or remains basically unchanged, improving the capacitance tolerance ability of the transmission line impedance, and thus being beneficial to ensuring the stability of the transmission line impedance.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, at least part of the projection of the first inner core in the first direction is located within the range of the projection of the first slot hole in the first direction, and at least part of the thickness direction of the first inner core intersects with the thickness direction of the ground, where the first direction is the thickness direction of the ground.

[0008] When the relative positions of the first inner core and the floor change in the vertical dimension and / or the horizontal dimension, the capacitance formation conditions can still be satisfied, and the capacitance between the first inner core and the floor is less affected. In this way, the stability of the capacitance formed by the first inner core and the floor can be maintained, thereby ensuring the stability of the transmission line impedance, and further facilitating the stability and reliability of the signal transmitted by the transmission line. Since the sensitivity of the transmission line impedance to the relative position change between the first inner core and the inner wall of the first slot is reduced, there is no need to rely on high-precision processing techniques or high-cost fixing schemes during the processing and installation processes, which can reduce the fixing cost.

[0009] Combined with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the thickness direction of at least a part of the first inner core is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the floor.

[0010] This is conducive to the coupling between the first inner core and the floor to form a capacitance. In addition, when the sizes of the first inner core and the floor are fixed, such an arrangement can increase the tolerance range of the transmission line impedance, thereby maintaining the stability of the transmission line impedance.

[0011] Combined with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the first main surface is parallel to the thickness direction of the floor.

[0012] When there is a tolerance between the first inner core and the floor in the vertical dimension (i.e., the thickness direction of the floor), the stability of the capacitance between the first inner core and the floor can still be maintained.

[0013] Combined with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the first main surface includes a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely arranged; the first slot includes a first wall facing the first surface and a second wall facing the second surface, wherein the first wall is parallel to the first surface, and the second wall is parallel to the second surface.

[0014] In this way, the contact between the first inner core and the floor can be avoided, and the reliability of the capacitance can be improved.

[0015] Combined with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the first inner core is disposed in the first slot.

[0016] In this way, the coupling field between the first inner core and the inner wall of the first slot and the ability to confine the electric field can be enhanced, and the transmission loss of the transmission line can be reduced.

[0017] Combined with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the projection of the first main surface in the second direction is divided by the projection of the floor in the second direction into two parts arranged along the thickness direction of the floor, and the second direction is the width direction of the floor.

[0018] Thus, when there are tolerances in the position or size of the first inner core or the floor in the vertical dimension (i.e., the thickness direction of the floor), the coupling area between the first inner core and the floor can remain constant all the time, ensuring the stability of the capacitance between the first inner core and the floor.

[0019] Combined with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the first slot hole includes a first slot segment and a second slot segment that are spaced apart in a third direction, and the third direction is the length direction of the floor; the first inner core includes a first part, a second part, and a third part connecting the first part and the second part, the first part is disposed in the first slot segment, the second part is disposed in the second slot segment, and the third part is located outside the first slot hole and does not contact the part of the floor for spacing the first slot segment and the second slot segment.

[0020] The first slot hole may include a plurality of spaced slot segments, which can enhance the strength of the floor while not affecting the performance of the transmission line.

[0021] Combined with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the thickness direction of the third part is the same as the thickness direction of the first part and / or the second part.

[0022] Each part of the first inner core has the same thickness direction. Thus, the first inner core can be in a plate shape, with simple processing technology and convenient installation.

[0023] Combined with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the thickness direction of the third part is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first part and / or the second part; and / or the thickness direction of the third part is parallel to the thickness direction of the floor.

[0024] The coupling area between the third part of the first inner core and the floor increases, which can improve the continuity of the transmission line impedance.

[0025] Combined with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the transmission line further includes a second inner core, the second inner core includes a second main surface, and the second main surface is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the second inner core; the floor further includes a second slot hole penetrating through the thickness of the floor, and the second slot hole is spaced apart from the first slot hole along the width direction of the floor, wherein the inner wall of the second slot hole is coupled with the second main surface to form a capacitance.

[0026] By arranging the slot holes side by side on the floor, it is convenient to integrate multi-polarized feeders, and the space occupied in the direction perpendicular to the floor thickness is small.

[0027] Combined with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the length direction of the second slot hole is parallel to the length direction of the first slot hole.

[0028] The first slot and the second slot are arranged side by side, which is beneficial to the integration and installation of multiple feeder lines.

[0029] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the coupling between the first slot and the first inner core is used to transmit the first signal, and the coupling between the second slot and the second inner core is used to transmit the second signal.

[0030] In this way, the transmission line can occupy a smaller space to transmit multiple feeder signals.

[0031] In a second aspect, an oscillator is provided, including: a radiator for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals; a balun electrically connected to the radiator, wherein the balun includes the transmission line in the first aspect and any implementation of the first aspect to feed the radiator.

[0032] The balun of the oscillator adopts the transmission line structure of the first aspect, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the balun impedance.

[0033] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the oscillator further includes: a feeder part electrically connected to the balun, wherein the feeder part includes the transmission line in the first aspect and any implementation of the first aspect to feed the balun.

[0034] Both the balun and the feeder part of the oscillator adopt the transmission line structure of the first aspect. Therefore, the balun and the feeder part are not sensitive to the position change between the inner core and the ground plane, and a high-robustness design can be achieved.

[0035] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the ground plane in the balun is connected to the ground plane in the feeder part; and / or the first inner core in the balun is connected to the first inner core in the feeder part.

[0036] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the radiator, the ground plane in the balun, and the ground plane in the feeder part are integrally formed.

[0037] Through the reasonable arrangement of the radiator, the ground plane in the balun, and the ground plane in the feeder part, the integrated forming of a single processing technology can be satisfied. For example, through single-sided sheet metal bending processing, the process is simple and the cost is low.

[0038] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first inner core in the balun and the first inner core in the feeder part are integrally formed.

[0039] In this way, only by installing one part, the balun feeding and the feeder feeding can be formed, and the installation is simple and the cost is low.

[0040] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the first inner core in the balun and the first inner core in the feeder part belong to a part of the +45° feeder or a part of the -45° feeder.

[0041] In this way, the balun and the feeder part can be used for ±45° dual-polarization feeding.

[0042] In a third aspect, a phase shifter is provided, including the transmission line in the first aspect and any implementation of the first aspect.

[0043] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the phase shifter further includes: an input stub, the input stub is connected to the first inner core, where the first inner core includes at least two output ports; a phase-shifting medium, disposed between the inner wall of the first slot and the first main surface, and the phase-shifting medium is used to adjust the phase difference between the at least two output ports.

[0044] The phase shifter adopts the transmission line structure of the first aspect, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the impedance of the phase shifter.

[0045] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the first main surface includes a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely arranged; the first slot includes a first wall facing the first surface and a second wall facing the second surface; the phase-shifting medium is disposed between the first surface and the first wall and / or between the second surface and the second wall.

[0046] The setting of the phase-shifting medium can achieve the phase-shifting function. In addition, when the phase-shifting medium is loaded on both wide surfaces of the first inner core, the phase-shifting amount can be increased.

[0047] In a fourth aspect, a feeding network is provided, including the transmission line in the first aspect and any implementation of the first aspect; or including the phase shifter in the third aspect and any implementation of the third aspect.

[0048] In a fifth aspect, an antenna is provided, including the transmission line in the first aspect and any implementation of the first aspect; or including the oscillator in the second aspect and any implementation of the second aspect; or including the phase shifter in the third aspect and any implementation of the third aspect; or including the feeding network in the fourth aspect.

[0049] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, including the antenna in the fifth aspect.

[0050] In combination with the sixth aspect, in certain implementations of the sixth aspect, the communication device further includes: a radio frequency module, and the radio frequency module is used to send radio frequency signals to the antenna.

[0051] In combination with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the communication device further includes an energy device, which is used to supply electrical energy to the radio frequency module and the antenna.

[0052] Optionally, the communication device is a base station.

[0053] The seventh aspect provides a communication system, including a terminal device and the communication device in the above-mentioned sixth aspect and any implementation of the sixth aspect.

[0054] For the beneficial effects of the devices involved in the above-mentioned second aspect to the seventh aspect, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions in the first aspect. For the sake of brevity, they will not be elaborated here. Description of the Drawings

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of an antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Figures 4 to 6 is a schematic structural diagram of several existing transmission lines.

[0059] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Figure 8 is Figure 7 a schematic front view and a schematic top view of the transmission line in

[0061] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0062] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0063] Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0064] Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0065] Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0066] Figure 14It is a schematic structural diagram of another transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0067] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram for comparing the effects of the impedance of several transmission lines changing with dimensional tolerances.

[0068] Figures 16 to 17 It is a schematic structural diagram of an oscillator provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0069] Figure 18 It is a schematic structural diagram of an oscillator body before molding provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0070] Figures 19 to 21 It is a schematic structural diagram of a phase shifter provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0071] Figure 22 It is a schematic structural diagram of an inner core provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0072] Next, the technical solutions in the present application will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0073] It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or". For example, A / B may mean A or B; herein, "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B may mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0074] In the embodiments of the present application, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more than two, "at least one" and "one or more" mean one, two or more than two. The singular forms "a", "one kind", "the", "above-mentioned", "this" and "this one" are also intended to include expressions such as "one or more" unless there is a clear contrary indication in the context.

[0075] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, statements such as "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in other some embodiments", "in still other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising", "including", "having" and their variants all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0076] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. is defined relative to the orientation or position in which the components in the drawings are schematically placed. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, which are used for relative description and clarification, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. It can change correspondingly according to the change in the orientation in which the components in the drawings are placed, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the "vertical" involved in the present application is not strictly vertical, but within the allowable error range. The "parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the allowable error range.

[0077] In the embodiments of the present application, the same reference numeral is used to represent the same component or the same part. For the same parts in the embodiments of the present application, only one of the parts or components may be marked with a reference numeral in the figure. It should be understood that the reference numeral also applies to other identical parts or components. In addition, the various parts in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale, and the sizes and dimensions of the parts shown in the drawings are only exemplary and should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0078] When the present application uses "within... range", unless it is separately stated that the end values are not included, it is default to include the two end values of the range. For example, within the range of 1 to 5, the two values of 1 and 5 are included.

[0079] For the convenience of understanding, the technical terms involved in the present application will be explained and described below.

[0080] Coupling: Includes direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" includes direct coupled connection and / or indirect coupled connection. Direct coupling can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components, or as a form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines such as copper foils or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB) that can transmit electrical signals. Indirect coupling can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors in a non-contact manner through airspace. For example, there is no conductor medium interference between component A and component B, and the energy radiated by component A can be transmitted to component B through the space between component A and component B. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling. For example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through the coupling between the gaps of two conductive members.

[0081] Component / Device: Includes at least one of lumped elements / devices and distributed elements / devices.

[0082] Lumped Element: Refers to the general term for all elements when the size of the element is much smaller than the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the circuit. For a signal, at any moment, the characteristics of the element always remain fixed and are independent of frequency.

[0083] Distributed Element: Different from lumped elements, when the size of the element is about the same as or larger than the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the circuit, when a signal passes through the element, the characteristics of each point of the element itself will vary with the change of the signal. At this time, the element as a whole cannot be regarded as a single entity with fixed characteristics, but should be called a distributed element.

[0084] Capacitor: Includes lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to components with capacitive properties, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitor) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by a certain gap between two conductive members.

[0085] Inductor: Includes lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to components with inductive properties, such as inductor elements; distributed inductance (or distributed inductor) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a certain length of conductive member.

[0086] Radiation Element: Also known as antenna element, oscillator (antenna element), etc., is a component in an antenna used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation. The radiation element is the basic unit that constitutes an antenna array. The radiation element includes a radiator and a balun.

[0087] Radiator: It can convert the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or convert radio waves into guided wave energy, thereby realizing the radiation and reception of radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator through the feeder. The radiator converts it into electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization and radiates it in the required direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a specific direction in space back into modulated high-frequency current energy and transmits it to the input end of the receiver through the feeder.

[0088] Balun (balanced to unbalanced): Also known as a balanced-unbalanced converter or a balancer, it is a device or structure used to achieve the feeding conversion from an unbalanced structure (such as a coaxial cable, a microstrip line) to a balanced structure (such as a dipole), or it is a broadband radio frequency transmission line transformer that connects a balanced transmission line circuit and an unbalanced transmission line circuit by converting a matched input into a differential output. The function of the balun is to make the system have different impedances or be compatible with differential / single-ended signaling, and it can be used to maintain impedance matching and improve the signal transmission quality. Baluns are divided into various types, some of which can be used for impedance conversion, and some can be used to connect transmission lines with different impedances. The material of the balun is a conductive material, such as a metal material. There are various common balun structures, such as microstrip baluns, coaxial baluns, sleeve baluns, etc. This application will provide a new balun structure.

[0089] Reflector: It can also be called a floor, a bottom plate, an antenna panel, a metal reflecting surface, etc. It is generally a metal plate and will have an electrical impact on the antenna. For example, the reflector can be used to improve the receiving sensitivity of the antenna signal, reflect and concentrate the antenna signal at the receiving point, thereby enhancing the receiving and transmitting capabilities of the antenna. It also plays a role in blocking and shielding the interference of the radio waves from the back of the reflector (the direction opposite to the radiation direction of the antenna) to the antenna and enhancing the directivity of the antenna.

[0090] Feed network: It is an important component in the antenna, connecting the antenna port and the radiation unit to form a signal transmission path and capable of realizing functions such as impedance matching, amplitude and phase distribution. The main function of the feed network is to feed the signal from the transmitter to the radiation unit according to a certain amplitude and phase, or to send the radio signal received from the radiation unit to the receiver according to a certain amplitude and phase. The feed network usually includes controlled impedance transmission lines. In some embodiments, the feed network may also include a phase shifter. In some embodiments, the feed network may also include devices such as a combiner and a filter. The feed impedance of the antenna is a combination of resistance, capacitance, and inductance.

[0091] Phase shifter: A device used to change the feeding phase and amplitude of each radiating element in an antenna array to achieve the phase shifting function. The phase shifter can change the phase difference of the radiating elements, enabling the vertical plane beam of the antenna to form a specific downward tilt angle, thereby flexibly changing the coverage range of the beam. The phase shifter is part of the feeding network. Generally, the feeding network can include a power divider and phase shifters connected to each branch of the power divider. In some cases, if it is necessary to adjust the phases of multiple output ports simultaneously, the phase shifter can include at least one power dividing section. The power dividing section is used to divide an input signal into multiple equal or unequal output signals, such as two-way power division, four-way power division, six-way power division, etc. The phase shifter includes a phase shifting medium, which is arranged in the phase shifter cavity and can move along a preset trajectory to achieve the phase shifting function. The phase shifter cavity is made of a conductor material, such as a metal material (such as aluminum, copper, etc.). The phase shifting medium is usually made of a material with a relatively large dielectric constant, such as ceramic, alumina, engineering plastic materials, etc.

[0092] Transmission line: A linear structure with specific parameters and characteristic impedance, such as a wire or a wire system, used to transmit electromagnetic energy. Specifically, the transmission line is a set of conductor structures that provide signal transmission and return, or a pair of wires composed of any two wires of a certain length. One wire is called the signal path, and the other wire is called the return path. Generally, the pair of wires included in the transmission line can be respectively called the inner conductor and the ground. The inner conductor serves as the signal path for signal transmission, and the ground serves as the return path for signal return. The inner conductor can also be called the inner core, which is made of a conductor material, such as a metal material (such as aluminum, copper, etc.). The ground can also be called the outer core, which is made of a conductor material, such as a metal material (such as aluminum, copper, etc.). The inner conductor is electrically isolated from the ground. Common transmission line structures include twisted pair, coaxial cable, coplanar line, microstrip line, stripline, etc. This application will provide a new transmission line structure.

[0093] Microstrip line: A signal transmission line composed of a signal line and an adjacent planar layer (power or ground plane layer), where the signal line is isolated from the planar layer by a dielectric insulation layer.

[0094] Stripline: A transmission line composed of an upper and a lower adjacent planar layer (power or ground plane layer) and a signal line placed in the middle of the two planar layers, where the signal line is isolated from the planar layer by a dielectric insulation layer.

[0095] Coplanar line: A transmission line in which the signal path and the signal loop of the signal are in the same signal layer.

[0096] Antenna array: An array structure composed of at least one radiation element arranged according to a certain geometric rule, where the at least one radiation element operates through a common feeding network.

[0097] Terminal / point: The "terminal / point" in the first terminal / second terminal / feeding terminal / grounding terminal / feeding point / grounding point / connection point of the antenna radiator should not be narrowly understood as an endpoint or end part that is physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also be considered as a certain point or a certain section on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, the "terminal / point" may include a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, the feeding terminal / feeding point may be a coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a feeding structure or a feeding circuit (for example, an area facing a part of the feeding circuit), and again, the grounding terminal / grounding point may be a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a grounding structure or a grounding circuit.

[0098] Resonance / resonant frequency: Also known as the resonance frequency, it can refer to the frequency at which the imaginary part of the antenna input impedance is zero. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point.

[0099] Resonant frequency band / communication frequency band / operating frequency band: No matter what type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). In this application, the frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0100] Wavelength: Or operating wavelength, which can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. Not limited to the center frequency, the "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the operating frequency band.

[0101] Ground (floor) (GND): It can generally refer to at least a part of any grounding layer, or ground plane, or grounding metal layer in a communication device, or at least a part of any combination of the above-mentioned grounding layer, or ground plane, or grounding component. The "ground" can be used for grounding components in a communication device. Grounding means that the component is coupled to the above-mentioned ground / floor in any way.

[0102] Tolerance: It refers to the range of allowable variations in dimensions or performance during manufacturing and processing. It can be understood as the allowable deviation between the design requirements and actual production. In product design, it is impossible to completely avoid variations in dimensions or performance caused by factors such as material properties, processing techniques, and assembly errors. The introduction of tolerance is to account for these inevitable changes and ensure that the product can still meet its functional and performance requirements within the allowable range.

[0103] Figure 1 FIG. shows a schematic architecture diagram of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the communication system 100 may include a base station 101 and a terminal 102, and wireless communication may be achieved between the base station 101 and the terminal 102.

[0104] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal 102 may refer to a user equipment, an access terminal, a user unit, a user station, a mobile station, a mobile device, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal device, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device. By way of example and not limitation, the terminal 102 may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. It may also be a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a 5G network, a terminal device in a 6G network, or a terminal device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0105] In the embodiments of the present application, the base station 101 may also be referred to as an access network device or an access node. The base station 101 has a wireless transceiver function and is used to communicate with terminals. The base station 101 may be located in a base station subsystem (BBS), a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRAN) for cell coverage of signals to enable communication between terminals and wireless networks. By way of example and not limitation, the base station 101 may be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system of mobile communication (GSM) system or a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, may also be a Node B (NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, may further be an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, may be a transmission reception point (TRP), may also be a next generation node basestation (gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, a next generation base station in a 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, an access network device or a module of an access network device in an open RAN (ORAN) system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, etc. The base station 101 may also be a module or unit capable of implementing some functions of the base station. For example, the base station 101 may be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc.Among them, in the ORAN system, the CU can also be called O-CU, the DU can also be called open (O)-DU, the CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be called O-CUP-UP, and the RU can also be called O-RU. The base station 101 can be a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, a relay node or a donor node, or a radio controller in the scenario of a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or can be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a server, and network devices in future networks, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. For example, the access network device in vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU). Multiple access network devices in the communication system can be of the same type of base station or different types of base stations. The base station 101 can communicate with the terminal or communicate with the terminal through a relay station.

[0106] In the embodiments of the present application, the base station 101 is configured with an antenna system to implement the transmission of signals in space. Exemplarily, Figure 2 FIG. shows a schematic diagram of an antenna system configured on the base station 101.

[0107] As Figure 2 shown, the antenna system 200 may include structures such as an antenna 201 and an antenna support 202. In some embodiments, the antenna 201 can be fixed to the mast 203 of the base station 101 (in some scenarios, the mast 203 can also be called a tower) through the antenna support 202, for example.

[0108] In some embodiments, the antenna system 200 may include an antenna cover 204, and the antenna cover 204 covers the antenna 201. The antenna cover 204 has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the influence of the external harsh environment in terms of mechanical performance, so as to play a role in protecting the antenna 201 from the external environment. For example, the antenna cover 204 can reduce the wind load (wind load, referring to the pressure generated by the air flow on the engineering structure, also known as the dynamic pressure of the wind, wind load, etc.) borne by the antenna 201. In Figure 2 the shown embodiment, the antenna cover 204 can be installed on the mast 203 through the antenna support 202 to facilitate the antenna 201 to receive or transmit signals. The antenna cover 204 can be disposed on the radiation unit of the antenna 201 by means of electroplating, spraying, etc., for example.

[0109] In Figure 2In the illustrated embodiment, the antenna system 200 may further include a signal processing device, which may be used to transmit signals through the antenna 201. Specifically, the signal processing device transmits signals through the antenna 201, and / or the signal processing device receives signals through the antenna 201. In some embodiments, the signal processing device may include a radio frequency (RF) processing unit 205 and a baseband processing unit 206. The baseband processing unit 206 may be electrically connected to the antenna 201 through the RF processing unit 205. In some embodiments, the RF processing unit 205 may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 206 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU). The RF processing unit 205 and the baseband processing unit 206 may be electrically connected through a transmission line 207.

[0110] It should be noted that Figure 2 only the positional relationship between the RF processing unit 205 and the antenna 201 is shown exemplarily. In some other embodiments, both the RF processing unit 205 and the baseband processing unit 206 may be located at the distal end of the antenna 201.

[0111] The antenna 201 is a connection device between the radio frequency front end of the wireless network and the terminal 102, mainly used to achieve cell coverage of wireless signals. Specifically, the antenna 201 is an information energy converter between the base station 101 and the terminal 102, used to convert the modulated RF current energy into electromagnetic wave energy and transmit it, and used to receive electromagnetic wave energy and effectively convert it into RF current energy and transmit it to the main device. Therefore, the base station 101 may send signals to the terminal 102 through the antenna 201, or receive signals sent by the terminal 102 through the antenna 201.

[0112] Figure 3 The schematic structural block diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. It can be understood that Figure 3 the illustrated antenna 300 may be Figure 2 a specific example of the illustrated antenna 201.

[0113] As Figure 3 shown, the antenna 300 may include a radiation element 301, a reflector 302, and a feed network 303. The radiation element 301 may be a unit that constitutes a radiation element array, and it can effectively radiate and / or receive antenna signals. The frequencies of different radiation elements 301 may be the same or different. The reflector 302 is used for directional constraint. The radiation element 301 is usually disposed on one side of the reflector 302. The feed network 303 is located between the radiation element 301 and Figure 2Between the power amplifiers of the radio frequency processing unit 205 shown. The feeding network 303 can feed the radiation unit 301 through the transmission line 304, for example, providing a specific power and phase to the radiation unit 301. The feeding network 303 is generally composed of controlled impedance transmission lines.

[0114] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 As shown, the feeding network 303 may include a power splitter 3031 (or a combiner 3032) that can be used in the forward or reverse direction, for splitting a signal into multiple signals or combining multiple signals into one. The feeding network 303 may further include a filter 3033 for filtering out interference signals. For an electrically tunable antenna, the feeding network 303 may further include a transmission member 3034 and a phase shifter 3035. The transmission member 3034 is used to achieve different radiation beam directions, and the phase shifter 3035 is used to change the maximum direction of signal radiation. In some cases, the phase shifter 3035 may also have the function of the power splitter 3031 (or the combiner 3032), so that the power splitter 3031 (or the combiner 3032) can be omitted in the feeding network 303.

[0115] In some embodiments, the feeding network 303 may further include a calibration network 3036 to obtain the required calibration signal.

[0116] In the embodiments of the present application, different devices included in the feeding network 303 can be electrically connected through transmission lines and connectors.

[0117] It should be noted that the power splitter 3031 (or the combiner 3032) can be located Figure 2 inside or outside the radome 204 shown. In addition, the electrical connection relationships between the above-mentioned various different components are not unique, Figure 3 and only one possible positional relationship and electrical connection method of each component are schematically shown.

[0118] A transmission line is a wire or wire system with specific parameters and characteristic impedance. Its basic structure includes an inner core and a ground plane, where the inner core and the ground plane form a capacitance. The main function of the transmission line is to transmit signals and energy from one place to another while maintaining the signal quality during the transmission process. In a wireless communication system, the transmission line can be applied to components for transmitting energy and signals, such as feeders, phase shifters, combiners, baluns, etc. The transmission line can also connect components that need to transmit energy and signals, such as connecting a phase shifter to an oscillator, connecting a phase shifter to an RRU, connecting a combiner to a phase shifter, connecting a filter to a combiner, etc. Therefore, the transmission line not only needs to have the ability to transmit signals but also ensure the stability of signal transmission. Thus, the quality and performance of the transmission line play a crucial role in the stability and reliability of the communication system.

[0119] Generally speaking, the stable impedance of the transmission line can ensure the stable and reliable signal transmission. In the principle of the transmission line, the capacitance value between the inner core and the ground plane is an important part of the impedance of the transmission line. Therefore, whether the capacitance value between the inner core and the ground plane is stable directly affects whether the impedance of the transmission line is stable. In other words, to keep the impedance of the transmission line unchanged, it is necessary to ensure the stability of the capacitance between the inner core and the ground plane.

[0120] The calculation formula for the capacitance between the inner core and the ground plane can be as follows:

[0121] C = εS / 4πkd

[0122] where ε is a constant; S is the facing area between the inner core and the ground plane (i.e., the coupling area, or the capacitance area); d is the distance between the inner core and the ground plane; and k is the electrostatic constant.

[0123] Currently, the commonly used transmission lines have the following structures: microstrip lines, striplines, coplanar lines (taking coplanar strip lines as an example below). The following will be described in conjunction with Figures 4 to 6 for illustration.

[0124] For the convenience of description, the direction parallel to the thickness of the ground plane is defined as the Z direction, the direction parallel to the length of the ground plane is defined as the Y direction, and the direction parallel to the width of the ground plane is defined as the X direction. The X direction is perpendicular to the Y direction, and the Z direction is perpendicular to the X direction and perpendicular to the Y direction. The definitions of the X, Y, and Z directions here also apply to the various drawings to be described later. It should be noted that the above definitions of the X, Y, and Z directions are only for the convenience of describing the positional relationship and connection relationship between the components in the embodiments of the present application and should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0125] For the convenience of description and understanding, in the embodiments of the present application, the dimension parallel to the Z direction can be called the vertical dimension, and the dimension perpendicular to the Z direction can be called the horizontal dimension.

[0126] Figure 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a microstrip line, where Figure 4 (a) and (b) in it respectively show the three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the microstrip line at different angles. As Figure 4 (a) and (b) shown in it, the microstrip line includes a core 401 and a ground plane 402, and the core 401 and the ground plane 402 are stacked in the Z direction. Specifically, the thickness direction of the core 401 is the same as the thickness direction of the ground plane 402 (refer to the Z direction shown in Figure 4 ), and the plane where the main surface of the core 401 (i.e., the surface with the largest area on the core 401) is located is parallel to the plane where the main surface of the ground plane 402 (i.e., the surface with the largest area on the ground plane 402) is located (refer to the XY plane shown in Figure 4 ). Or rather, in the microstrip line, the layer where the core 401 is located is parallel to the layer where the ground plane 402 is located. It can be understood that a dielectric insulation layer ( Figure 4 not shown), such as a dielectric substrate or other dielectrics, is also provided between the core 401 and the ground plane 402, and the core 401 and the ground plane 402 are respectively arranged on both sides of the dielectric insulation layer in the thickness direction (refer to the Z direction shown in Figure 4 ).

[0127] Refer to Figure 4 shown, in the microstrip line, the core 401 and the ground plane 402 form a capacitor. The ground plane 402 and the wide surface of the core 401 are coupled to form a transmission line capacitor, and the distance between the core 401 and the ground plane 402 is H1. According to the calculation formula of the capacitor, when the relative position of the core 401 and the ground plane 402 changes in the horizontal dimension, the coupling area between the ground plane 402 and the core 401 will not change, so the capacitor formed by the core 401 and the ground plane 402 is relatively stable. When the relative position of the core 401 and the ground plane 402 changes in the vertical dimension, the distance H1 between the core 401 and the ground plane 402 changes, and the capacitor formed by the core 401 and the ground plane 402 changes violently accordingly, resulting in a violent change in the impedance of the microstrip line. That is to say, the capacitance value between the core 401 and the ground plane 402 is sensitive to the change in the distance H1 between the core 401 and the ground plane 402, so the microstrip line has poor tolerance ability (or anti-tolerance ability) in the vertical dimension.

[0128] Figure 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a stripline, where Figure 5 (a) and (b) in it respectively show the three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the stripline at different angles. As Figure 5As shown in (a) and (b) therein, the stripline includes an inner core 501, a first ground plane 502 and a second ground plane 503. The inner core 501, the first ground plane 502 and the second ground plane 503 are stacked in the Z direction, and the inner core 501 is disposed between the first ground plane 502 and the second ground plane 503. Specifically, referring to Figure 5 the Z direction shown, the thickness directions of the inner core 501, the first ground plane 502 and the second ground plane 503 are the same; referring to Figure 5 the XY plane shown, the layers where the inner core 501 is located, the layer where the first ground plane 502 is located, and the layer where the second ground plane 503 is located are parallel. It can be understood that dielectric insulation layers ( Figure 5 not shown) are also provided between the inner core 501 and the first ground plane 502 and between the inner core 501 and the second ground plane 503, such as air or other dielectrics.

[0129] Referring to Figure 5 shown, in the stripline, the inner core 501 and the first ground plane 502 form a first capacitor, and the inner core 501 and the second ground plane 503 form a second capacitor. The capacitance value corresponding to the stripline is the sum of the capacitance value of the first capacitor and the capacitance value of the second capacitor. The coupling between the wide surface of the first ground plane 502 and the inner core 501 and the coupling between the wide surface of the second ground plane 503 and the inner core 501 form a transmission line capacitance. The distance between the inner core 501 and the first ground plane 502 is H2, and the distance between the inner core 501 and the second ground plane 503 is H3. According to the capacitance calculation formula, taking the first capacitor as an example, when the relative position of the inner core 501 and the first ground plane 502 changes in the horizontal dimension, the coupling area between the inner core 501 and the first ground plane 502 does not change, so the first capacitor is relatively stable. When the relative position of the inner core 501 and the first ground plane 502 changes in the vertical dimension, the distance H2 between the inner core 501 and the first ground plane 502 changes, and the first capacitor changes violently, resulting in a violent change in the stripline impedance. Similarly, when the relative position of the inner core 501 and the second ground plane 503 changes in the horizontal dimension, the second capacitor is relatively stable; when the relative position of the inner core 501 and the second ground plane 503 changes in the vertical dimension, the second capacitor changes violently, resulting in a violent change in the stripline impedance. That is to say, the stripline impedance is sensitive to the changes in the distance H2 between the inner core 501 and the first ground plane 502 and the distance H3 between the inner core 501 and the second ground plane 503. Therefore, the stripline impedance has poor tolerance ability (or anti-tolerance ability) in the vertical dimension.

[0130] Figure 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a coplanar line, where Figure 6 (a) and (b) therein respectively show the three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the coplanar line at different angles. As Figure 6As shown in (a) and (b) therein, taking the coplanar line as the coplanar strip line as an example, the coplanar strip line includes an inner core 601, a first ground plane 602 and a second ground plane 603. The inner core 601, the first ground plane 602 and the second ground plane 603 are located on the same layer, and the inner core 601 is located between the first ground plane 602 and the second ground plane 602. Specifically, referring to Figure 6 the Z direction shown, the thickness directions of the inner core 601, the first ground plane 602 and the second ground plane 603 are the same; referring to Figure 6 the XY plane shown, the inner core 601, the first ground plane 602 and the second ground plane 603 are located on the same layer. It can be understood that dielectric insulation layers ( Figure 6 not shown) are also provided between the inner core 601 and the first ground plane 602 and between the inner core 601 and the second ground plane 603, such as air or other dielectrics.

[0131] Referring to Figure 6As shown in the figure, in the coplanar strip line, the inner core 601 and the first floor 602 form a first capacitor, and the inner core 601 and the second floor 603 form a second capacitor. The capacitance value corresponding to the coplanar strip line is the sum of the capacitance values of the first capacitor and the second capacitor. Specifically, the size of the first capacitor depends on the thickness of the inner core 601, the thickness of the first floor 602, and the distance H4 between the inner core 601 and the first floor 602. The size of the second capacitor depends on the thickness of the inner core 601, the thickness of the second floor 603, and the distance H5 between the inner core 601 and the second floor 603. According to the capacitance calculation formula, when the position of the inner core 601 changes in the X direction, the distance H4 between the inner core 601 and the first floor 602 and the distance H5 between the inner core 601 and the second floor 603 will change, but the two can compensate for each other. That is, when the relative positions of the first floor 602 and the second floor 603 remain unchanged, if H4 increases, H5 will decrease, and if H4 decreases, H5 will increase. The change in the distance will cause the first capacitor and the second capacitor to change, but the sum of the capacitance values of the first capacitor and the second capacitor is relatively stable. When the relative position between the inner core 601 and the first floor 602 and / or the relative position between the inner core 601 and the second floor 603 change in the vertical dimension, for example, when there is a dimensional tolerance misalignment between the inner core 601 and the floor (such as the first floor 602 or the second floor 603) in the vertical dimension, the coupling area between the inner core 601 and the first floor 602 and / or the coupling area between the inner core 601 and the second floor 603 will change. The position change of the inner core 601, the first floor 602, and the second floor 603 in the vertical dimension will cause a drastic change in the capacitance value of the first capacitor and / or the second capacitor, and further cause a drastic change in the impedance of the coplanar strip line. That is to say, the coplanar line impedance is sensitive to the position change of the inner core 601, the first floor 602, and the second floor 603 in the vertical dimension, so the coplanar line impedance has poor tolerance ability (or anti-tolerance ability) in the vertical dimension.

[0132] In summary, the impedance of the existing transmission line is sensitive to the position change of the inner core and the floor in the vertical dimension. For example, when the relative position of the inner core and the floor changes in the vertical dimension due to factors such as processing and / or assembly, it will affect the coupling area or the distance between the inner core and the floor, resulting in a drastic change in the capacitance formed by the inner core and the floor, thereby causing a drastic change in the impedance of the transmission line. If the stability of the transmission line impedance is to be ensured, it is necessary to maintain the stability of the capacitance formed by the inner core and the floor. Further, it is necessary that the position change of the inner core and the floor in the vertical dimension is smaller, that is, the tolerance is smaller, which requires a higher-precision processing technology and / or a higher-cost transmission line fixing scheme.

[0133] In view of this, the present application provides a transmission line that can reduce the sensitivity of the transmission line impedance to the relative position change between the inner core and the floor and improve the tolerance ability (or anti-tolerance ability) of the transmission line.

[0134] Figure 7 Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0135] As Figure 7 shown, the transmission line 400 includes a core 10 and a floor 20. The floor 20 includes a slot 22 penetrating through the thickness of the floor 20, wherein the core 10 is disposed in the slot 22, and the thickness direction of the core 10 intersects with the thickness direction of the floor 20. For ease of description, in some embodiments, the thickness direction of the floor 20 may be referred to as the first direction.

[0136] In the embodiment of the present application, the core 10 is disposed in the slot 22, and the thickness direction of the core 10 intersects with the thickness direction of the floor 20. In this way, the surfaces of the core 10 in its thickness direction can form a capacitance with the inner wall of the slot 22. When the relative positions of the core 10 and the floor 20 change in the vertical dimension and / or the horizontal dimension, the influence on the capacitance formed by the core 10 and the floor 20 is relatively small. In this way, the stability of the capacitance can be maintained, thereby ensuring the stability of the impedance of the transmission line, and further being beneficial to ensuring the stability and reliability of the signal transmitted by the transmission line.

[0137] Exemplarily, as Figure 7 shown, the floor 20 may include a substrate 21 and a slot 22 formed on the substrate 21, wherein the slot 22 penetrates through the thickness of the floor 20, that is, penetrates through the thickness of the substrate 21, or in other words, the slot 22 communicates with the two surfaces of the substrate 21 in its thickness direction.

[0138] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the slot 22 is continuous and joined end to end. Or in other words, the inner wall of the slot 22 is disposed around the core 10. In this way, an energy return path can be formed between the core 10 and the floor 20, and it is beneficial to reduce the influence of the distance between the core 10 and the inner wall of the slot 22 on the impedance of the transmission line.

[0139] In some embodiments, the core 10 is used to provide a signal path, and the floor 20 is used to provide a return path.

[0140] In the embodiment of the present application, the floor 20 is made of a conductive material, such as a metal material. Exemplarily, the floor 20 may be a metal plate.

[0141] In the embodiment of the present application, the core 10 is made of a conductive material, such as a metal material. Exemplarily, the core 10 may be a metal strip line. Figure 8 Fig. 4 shows Figure 7 a schematic front view and a schematic top view of the transmission line 400 in Figure 8 Fig. 4. The working principle of the transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to

[0142] Figure 8 In (a) shows a schematic front view of the transmission line 400. Refer to Figure 8 As shown in (a), the thickness of the floor 20 is schematically represented as NH1, and the width of the inner core 10 is schematically represented as W. Generally, the width W of the inner core 10 is much larger than the thickness of the inner core 10 (parameter NH2 shown in Figure 8 (b)), so the surface of the inner core 10 in the thickness direction is much larger than other surfaces. For the convenience of description, the embodiment of the present application calls it the wide surface. Generally speaking, the thickness NH2 of the inner core 10 is approximately equal to the thickness NH1 of the floor 20. Therefore, as Figure 8 shown in (a), the width W of the inner core 10 is much larger than the thickness NH1 of the floor 20, that is, the width W of the inner core 10 is much larger than the size of the inner wall of the slot 22 in the thickness direction of the floor 20 (i.e., the first direction). In the embodiment of the present application, when the inner core 10 is disposed in the slot 22, the wide surface of the inner core 10 is coupled to the inner wall of the slot 22.

[0143] Since the wide surface of the inner core 10 is larger than the inner wall area of the slot 22, when the relative position of the inner core 10 and the floor 20 in the vertical dimension (refer to Figure 8 the Z direction shown in (a)) changes, for example, the inner core 10 moves relative to the floor 20 in the vertical dimension, or there are tolerances in the dimensions of the inner core 10 and / or the floor 20 in the vertical dimension, the coupling area between the inner core 10 and the floor 20 can be kept unchanged, that is, the facing area between the wide surface of the inner core 10 and the inner wall of the slot 22 is kept unchanged, so as to maintain the stability of the capacitance between the inner core 10 and the floor 20, and then ensure the stability of the impedance of the transmission line 400.

[0144] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, since the wide surface of the inner core 10 is fully utilized as the coupling surface, its coupling capacitance is larger than that of the coplanar line, and the ability to confine the electromagnetic field is stronger, so the transmission loss can be reduced.

[0145] Figure 8 In (b) shows a schematic top view of the transmission line 400. Refer to Figure 8 As shown in (b), the thickness of the inner core 10 is schematically represented as NH2. The inner core 10 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 in its thickness direction, and the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are oppositely arranged. The inner wall of the slot 22 includes a first wall 221 facing the first surface 111 and a second wall 222 facing the second surface 112. That is to say, the first surface 111 of the inner core 10 is oppositely arranged with the first wall 221 of the slot 22, and the second surface 112 of the inner core 10 is oppositely arranged with the second wall 222 of the slot 22. Therefore, the capacitance formed by the inner core 10 and the floor 20 includes a first capacitance formed by the coupling of the first surface 111 and the first wall 221 and a second capacitance formed by the coupling of the second surface 112 and the second wall 222. AsFigure 8 As shown in (b) of , the gap between the first wall 221 and the second wall 222 (i.e., the width of the slot 22) is schematically denoted as Q, the gap between the first wall 221 and the first surface 111 is schematically denoted as Q1, and the gap between the second wall 222 and the second surface 112 is schematically denoted as Q2. The thickness NH2 of the inner core 10 is less than the width Q of the slot 22, so the inner core 10 can be inserted into the slot 22 to form a transmission line.

[0146] When the width Q of the slot 22 is fixed, when the relative position of the inner core 10 and the floor 20 changes in the horizontal dimension (e.g., the X direction shown in (a) of ), for example, the inner core 10 moves relative to the floor 20 along the width direction of the slot 22, or there are tolerances in the assembly dimensions of the inner core 10 and / or the floor 20 in the horizontal dimension, the gap Q1 affecting the first capacitance and the gap Q2 affecting the second capacitance can compensate each other, so that the sum of the capacitance values of the first capacitance and the second capacitance remains unchanged, that is, the capacitance formed by the inner core 10 and the floor 20 remains unchanged, thereby maintaining the stability of the capacitance between the inner core 10 and the floor 20, and then ensuring the stability of the impedance of the transmission line 400. Figure 8

[0146]

[0147] For example, when the inner core 10 moves relative to the floor 20 along the width direction of the slot 22, the distance Q1 between the inner core 10 and the first wall 221 of the slot 22 and the distance Q2 between the inner core 10 and the second wall 222 of the slot 22 change, but the distances on both sides can compensate each other. Specifically, when Q1 increases, Q2 decreases; when Q1 decreases, Q2 increases. The sum of the capacitance values of the first capacitance and the second capacitance remains unchanged, so the capacitance value of the inner core 10 from the floor 20 is relatively stable, and thus a stable transmission line impedance can be maintained when Q1 and / or Q2 change.

[0148] Therefore, in the transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present application, the transmission line impedance is not sensitive to the relative position changes of the inner core 10 and the floor 20 in both the horizontal dimension and the vertical dimension, thus improving the tolerance of the strip line and the tolerance ability of the transmission line impedance. On the contrary, when the relative position of the inner core 10 and the floor 20 changes in the vertical dimension and / or the horizontal dimension, the capacitance formed by the inner core 10 and the floor 20 can still remain stable, thereby ensuring the stability of the transmission line impedance and improving the tolerance resistance ability of the transmission line impedance. In addition, since the tolerance of the strip line is improved, the transmission line can be manufactured by low-cost processes such as sheet metal processes, without relying on high-precision processing processes such as printed circuit boards (PCBs).

[0149] It should be noted that the improvement of the tolerance ability of the transmission line impedance can be understood as the increase in the allowable error range of the design dimensions of the transmission line (such as the design dimensions of the inner core 10, the design dimensions of the floor 20, and the assembly parameters between the inner core 10 and the floor 20) on the premise of maintaining the stability of the transmission line impedance, that is, the tolerance is enlarged. The improvement of the anti-tolerance ability of the transmission line impedance can be understood as that when the transmission line undergoes dimensional variations due to factors such as material properties, processing technology, and assembly errors, the impedance of the transmission line can still remain stable. The tolerance ability and anti-tolerance ability of the transmission line impedance only describe the sensitivity of the transmission line impedance to tolerance from different angles. In the embodiments of the present application, the two can be used interchangeably.

[0150] In the embodiments of the present application, there are various ways to place the inner core 10 in the slot 22.

[0151] In a possible implementation manner, the inner core 10 is vertically inserted into the slot 22. Correspondingly, the thickness direction of the inner core 10 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the floor 20.

[0152] Exemplarily, Figure 9 (a) in shows Figure 7 a cross-sectional schematic view of the transmission line 400 in cut along the line A-A. As Figure 9 shown in (a) in, the first surface 111 of the inner core 10 can be perpendicular to the thickness direction of the inner core 10, the second surface 112 of the inner core 10 can be perpendicular to the thickness direction of the inner core 10, the first wall 221 of the slot 22 can be parallel to the first surface 111, and the second wall 222 of the slot 22 can be parallel to the second surface 112. Therefore, the first surface 111, the second surface 112, the first wall 221, and the second wall 222 are parallel to each other. In this embodiment, the gap between the first wall 221 and the first surface 111 (referring to the aforementioned parameter Q1) remains unchanged in the thickness direction of the floor 20, and the gap between the second wall 222 and the second surface 112 (referring to the aforementioned parameter Q2) remains unchanged in the thickness direction of the floor 20.

[0153] In this way, a certain distance can always be maintained between the first surface 111 and the first wall 221, and between the second surface 112 and the second wall 222, avoiding the contact between the inner core 10 and the floor 20 and short circuit, and improving the reliability of the capacitor.

[0154] In another possible implementation manner, the inner core 10 is obliquely inserted into the slot 22. Correspondingly, the thickness direction of the inner core 10 intersects with the thickness direction of the floor 20 and the included angle is not equal to 90°.

[0155] As an example, Figure 9 (b) in shows Figure 7 another cross-sectional schematic view of the transmission line 400 in cut along the line A-A. As Figure 9As shown in (b) thereof, the inner core 10 includes a first end 121 and a second end 122. The first end 121 and the second end 122 are the two ends of the inner core 10 in the width direction, and one of the first end 121 and the second end 122 is close to the first wall 221, and the other is close to the second wall 222. Exemplarily, for example, the first end 121 is close to the first wall 221 and the second end 122 is close to the second wall 222; or the first end 121 is close to the second wall 222 and the second end 122 is close to the first wall 221. Or it can be understood that, based on the state shown in (a) of Figure 9 the inner core 10 is tilted by rotating around its length direction (i.e., the Y axis) to obtain the state shown in (b) of Figure 9 thereof.

[0156] As another example, Figure 9 (c) of Figure 7 shows a schematic top view of the transmission line 400 in Figure 9 As shown in (c) thereof, the inner core 10 includes a third end 123 and a fourth end 124. The third end 123 and the fourth end 124 are the two ends of the inner core 10 in the length direction, and one of the third end 123 and the fourth end 124 is close to the first wall 221, and the other is close to the second wall 222. Exemplarily, for example, the third end 123 is close to the first wall 221 and the fourth end 124 is close to the second wall 222; or the third end 123 is close to the second wall 222 and the fourth end 124 is close to the first wall 221. Or it can be understood that, based on the state shown in (a) of Figure 9 the inner core 10 is tilted by rotating around its width direction (i.e., the Z axis) to obtain the state shown in (c) of Figure 9 thereof.

[0157] As still another example, combining (b) and (c) of Figure 9 the inner core 10 has both the tilting manner shown in (b) of Figure 9 and the tilting manner shown in (c) of Figure 9 thereof. In other words, based on the state shown in (a) of Figure 9 the inner core 10 rotates both around its length direction and around its width direction.

[0158] In yet another possible implementation manner, the two ends of the inner core 10 in the length direction are flush.

[0159] Exemplarily, Figure 10 (a) of Figure 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the transmission line 400 in Figure 10As shown in (a) thereof, the inner core 10 includes a third end 123 and a fourth end 124, and the third end 123 and the fourth end 124 are the two ends of the inner core 10 in the length direction. The gap between the third end 123 and the wall of the slot 22 facing the third end 123 remains unchanged in the thickness direction of the floor 20, and the gap between the fourth end 124 and the wall of the slot 22 facing the fourth end 124 remains unchanged in the thickness direction of the floor 20. By way of example and not limitation, as Figure 10 shown in (a) thereof, the wall of the slot 22 facing the third end 123 is the third wall 223, the wall of the slot 22 facing the fourth end 124 is the fourth wall 224, the surface of the third end 123 facing the third wall 223 is the third surface 113, and the surface of the fourth end 124 facing the fourth wall 224 is the fourth surface 114. The third wall 223, the fourth wall 224, the third surface 113, and the fourth surface 114 may be parallel to each other. The gap between the third wall 223 and the third surface 113 remains unchanged in the thickness direction of the floor 20, and the gap between the fourth wall 224 and the fourth surface 114 remains unchanged in the thickness direction of the floor 20.

[0160] In yet another possible implementation, the two ends of the inner core 10 in the length direction are not flush.

[0161] Exemplarily, Figure 10 (b) thereof shows Figure 7 another cross-sectional schematic view of the transmission line 400 shown in thereof cut along the line B-B. As Figure 10 shown in (b) thereof, the inner core 10 includes a third end 123 and a fourth end 124, and the third end 123 and the fourth end 124 are the two ends of the inner core 10 in the length direction. The gap between the third end 123 and the wall of the slot 22 facing the third end 123 (i.e., the third wall 223) is gradually changing in the thickness direction of the floor 20, and the gap between the fourth end 124 and the wall of the slot 22 facing the fourth end 124 (i.e., the fourth wall 224) is gradually changing in the thickness direction of the floor 20. By way of example and not limitation, as Figure 10 shown in (b) thereof, the surface of the third end 123 facing the third wall 223 is the third surface 113, and the surface of the fourth end 124 facing the fourth wall 224 is the fourth surface 114. The gap between the third wall 223 and the third surface 113 is gradually changing in the thickness direction of the floor 20, and the gap between the fourth wall 224 and the fourth surface 114 is gradually changing in the thickness direction of the floor 20. Or it can be considered that part of the third surface 113 is close to the third wall 223 and the other part is far from the third wall 223; part of the fourth surface 114 is close to the fourth wall 224 and the other part is far from the fourth wall 224. Or it can be understood that on the basis of the state shown in (a) thereof, the inner core 10 rotates around its thickness direction (i.e., the X-axis) to obtain the state shown in (b) thereof. Figure 10 shown in (a) thereof, the state shown in (b) thereof is obtained by rotation. Figure 10

[0162] ​In some other embodiments, when there is no conflict, Figure 9 the placement of the inner core 10 shown can be combined with Figure 10 the placement of the inner core 10 shown, which will not be elaborated here.

[0163] It can be understood that when the inner core 10 is in the state as shown in (b) of Figure 9 , as shown in (c) of Figure 9 , or as shown in (b) of Figure 10 , although the inner core 10 is tilted, in the horizontal dimension, the gap between the first surface 111 and the first wall 221 and the gap between the second surface 112 and the second wall 222 can compensate for each other, so that the capacitance value between the inner core 10 and the floor 20 remains stable, and the impedance of the transmission line can also be stabilized. In the vertical dimension, when the inner core 10 is misaligned with the floor 20, as long as the inner core 10 does not completely move out of the range of the slot 22, the coupling area between the inner core 10 and the floor 20 does not change, and the influence of the dimensional tolerance in this dimension on the impedance of the transmission line is also negligible.

[0164] In the embodiments of the present application, the inner core 10 can move relative to the floor 20 along the thickness direction of the floor 20.

[0165] For example, as shown in (a) of Figure 8 , the projection of the floor 20 along the second direction is located at approximately the middle position of the projection of the inner core 10 along the second direction, where the second direction is the width direction of the floor 20. Exemplarily, the projection of the floor 20 along the second direction divides the projection of the inner core 10 along the second direction into two equal parts.

[0166] Again, for example, as shown in (a) of Figure 11 , the projection of the floor 20 along the second direction deviates from the center line of the projection of the inner core 10 along the second direction. Exemplarily, the projection of the floor 20 along the second direction divides the projection of the inner core 10 along the second direction into two unequal parts.

[0167] Also, for example, as shown in (b) of Figure 11 , one end (such as the first end 121 or the second end 122) of the inner core 10 in its width direction is located in the slot 22. Exemplarily, the projection of the first end 121 or the second end 122 along the second direction is located within the projection of the floor 20 along the second direction.

[0168] In the above embodiments, the inner core 10 is disposed in the slot 22, where the inner core 10 can be completely inserted into the slot 22, or a part of the inner core 10 is inserted into the slot 22. In this way, there is a directly facing coupling area between the inner core 10 and the inner wall of the slot 22, the coupling field is stronger, the binding ability to the electric field is stronger, and the transmission loss of the transmission line can be reduced.

[0169] In some other embodiments, referring to Figure 11 as shown in (c) therein, the inner core 10 may deviate from the slot hole 22, or rather, the inner core 10 may not be inserted into the slot hole 22 at all. That is to say, the projection of the inner core 10 in the second direction does not overlap with the projection of the floor 20 in the second direction. In this case, as long as the distance by which the inner core 10 deviates from the slot hole 22 is within a certain range (such as the tolerance range), energy can still be transmitted capacitively between the inner core 10 and the floor 20.

[0170] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 11 as shown in (c) therein, in the thickness direction of the floor 20, the gap N between the inner core 10 and the floor 20 is less than or equal to 0.1 working wavelength.

[0171] Figure 12 Fig. shows a schematic structural diagram of another transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present application. Among them Figure 12 (a) therein shows a schematic perspective view of the transmission line 500, Figure 12 (b) therein shows a schematic top view of the transmission line 500, Figure 12 (c) therein shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the transmission line 500 taken along the line C-C.

[0172] Referring to Figure 12 as shown in (a), (b), and (c) therein, the transmission line 500 includes an inner core 10 and a floor 20. The floor 20 includes a slot hole 22 penetrating through the thickness of the floor 20. A part of the inner core 10 is disposed in the slot hole 22, and the thickness direction of the inner core 10 intersects with the thickness direction of the floor 20.

[0173] Specifically, the slot 22 includes a first slot section 231 and a second slot section 232 arranged along the length direction of the floor 20 (hereinafter referred to as the third direction for ease of description). The first slot section 231 and the second slot section 232 are not connected, or in other words, the first slot section 231 and the second slot section 232 are arranged at intervals. The inner core 10 includes a first part 131, a second part 132, and a third part 133 for connecting the first part 131 and the second part 132. The first part 131 is arranged in the first slot section 231, the second part 132 is arranged in the second slot section 232, and the third part 133 is located outside the slot 22 and does not contact the floor part 233 (hereinafter referred to as the connecting part 233 for ease of description) between the first slot section 231 and the second slot section 232. Or it can be understood that the projection of the first part 131 along the thickness direction of the floor 20 is within the projection range of the first slot section 231 along the thickness direction of the floor 20. The projection of the second part 132 along the thickness direction of the floor 20 is within the projection range of the second slot section 232 along the thickness direction of the floor 20. At least part of the projection of the third part 133 along the thickness direction of the floor 20 is outside the projection range of the first slot section 231 along the thickness direction of the floor 20 and outside the projection range of the second slot section 232 along the thickness direction of the floor 20.

[0174] In this embodiment, the first part 131 of the inner core 10 and the first slot section 231 form a capacitor, the second part 132 of the inner core 10 and the second slot section 232 form a capacitor, and the connecting part 233 of the floor 20 is the short - circuit point between the first slot section 231 and the second slot section 232. Therefore, the third part 133 of the inner core 10 jumps over this short - circuit point. The third part 133 and the floor 20 (specifically, it can be the connecting part 233) form a microstrip line, with good energy confinement, which can make the impedance of the transmission line continuous.

[0175] It can be understood that Figure 12 Only schematically shows that the slot 22 is divided into two slot sections. In some other embodiments, the slot 22 can also be divided into more slot sections, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0176] In the embodiments of the present application, the slot 22 opened on the floor 20 is divided into multiple slot sections, and these multiple slot sections can all transmit energy. Adjacent slot sections among these multiple slot sections are connected by the connecting part 233, that is, the slot 22 is discontinuous. In this way, the strength of the floor 20 can be improved without affecting the performance of the transmission line.

[0177] It can be understood that in the introduction of the transmission line 400, the relevant alternative embodiments can be applied to the transmission line 500. For details, refer to the relevant descriptions above. For the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0178] In some embodiments, such as Figures 7 to 12As shown, each part of the inner core 10 can have the same thickness direction. Taking Figure 12 the transmission line 500 shown as an example, the thickness directions of the first part 131, the second part 132, and the third part 133 are the same. The thickness direction of the third part 133 intersects with the thickness direction of the connecting part 233 (i.e., the thickness direction of the floor 20). Exemplarily, the thickness direction of the third part 133 can be perpendicular to the thickness direction of the connecting part 233. In this way, the thickness directions of the parts of the inner core 10 are unified, the processing technology is simple, and the cost is low.

[0179] In some embodiments, each part of the inner core 10 can have different thickness directions, that is, the inner core 10 can be bent.

[0180] Figure 13 The schematic structural diagram of another transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown. Among them Figure 13 (a) shows a schematic perspective view of the transmission line 600, Figure 13 (b) shows a schematic top view of the transmission line 600, Figure 13 (c) shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the transmission line 600 taken along the D-D line.

[0181] Figure 13 The transmission line 600 shown is similar in structure to Figure 12 the transmission line 500 shown. Only the differences between the transmission line 600 and the transmission line 500 will be described below. For other contents, please refer to the relevant content introduction of the transmission line 500, which will not be elaborated here.

[0182] Referring to Figure 13 (a), (b), and (c) shown, the transmission line 600 includes an inner core 10 and a floor 20. The floor 20 includes a slot hole 22 penetrating through the thickness of the floor 20. A part of the inner core 10 is disposed in the slot hole 22, and the thickness direction of the part of the inner core 10 located in the slot hole 22 intersects with the thickness direction of the floor 20. Specifically, the slot hole 22 includes a first slot section 231 and a second slot section 232 arranged along the length direction of the floor 20. The inner core 10 includes a first part 131, a second part 132, and a third part 133 for connecting the first part 131 and the second part 132. The first part 131 is disposed in the first slot section 231, the second part 132 is disposed in the second slot section 232, and the third part 133 is located outside the slot hole 22 and does not contact the connecting part 233 of the floor 20.

[0183] The thickness direction of the third part 133 intersects with the thickness direction of the first part 131. The thickness direction of the third part 133 intersects with the thickness direction of the second part 132. The thickness direction of the third part 133 is parallel to the thickness direction of the connecting part 233, or it can be understood that the third part 133 is parallel to the connecting part 233.

[0184] In this way, the first part 131 of the inner core 10 and the first slot section 231 form a capacitor, the second part 132 of the inner core 10 and the second slot section 232 form a capacitor, and the third part 133 of the inner core 10 and the connecting part 233 form a capacitor. Since the coupling area between the third part 133 and the connecting part 233 is relatively large, the coupling of the inner core 10 to the floor 20 is increased as a whole, and the impedance of the transmission line can be made more continuous.

[0185] Figure 14 A schematic structural diagram of another transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0186] As Figure 14 shown, the transmission line 700 includes a first inner core 141, a second inner core 142, and a floor 20. The floor 20 includes a first slot hole 241 and a second slot hole 242 that penetrate the thickness of the floor 20. The first slot hole 241 and the second slot hole 242 are arranged along the width direction of the floor 20, and the first slot hole 241 and the second slot hole 242 are spaced apart. The first inner core 141 is coupled with the first slot hole 241 to form a capacitor, and the second inner core 142 is coupled with the second slot hole 242 to form a capacitor.

[0187] In the embodiment of the present application, the relative position relationship, working principle, etc. between the first inner core 141 and the first slot hole 241 can be referred to Figures 7 to 13 for the description of the inner core 10 and the slot hole 22, that is, Figures 7 to 13 the embodiments involved in

[0188] are also applicable to the first inner core 141 and the first slot hole 241. Or the description of the inner core 10 and the slot hole 22 mentioned above can be directly replaced with the first inner core 141 and the first slot hole 241. For the sake of brevity, it will not be elaborated here. Figures 7 to 13 Similarly, the relative position relationship, working principle, etc. between the second inner core 142 and the second slot hole 242 can be referred to Figures 7 to 13 for the description of the inner core 10 and the slot hole 22, that is,

[0189] are also applicable to the second inner core 142 and the second slot hole 242. Or the description of the inner core 10 and the slot hole 22 mentioned above can be directly replaced with the second inner core 142 and the second slot hole 242. For the sake of brevity, it will not be elaborated here.

[0190] In some embodiments, the length direction of the first slot 241 is parallel to the length direction of the second slot 242.

[0191] In the embodiments of the present application, the dimensions (such as width and length) of the first slot 241 and the corresponding dimensions of the second slot 242 may be the same or different, and the present application does not limit this.

[0192] In some embodiments, the wide surface of the first inner core 141 is parallel to the wide surface of the second inner core 142.

[0193] In some embodiments, the thickness direction of the first inner core 141 is parallel to the thickness direction of the second inner core 142.

[0194] In the embodiments of the present application, the structure of the first inner core 141 and the structure of the second inner core 142 may be the same or different. The structure of the first slot 241 and the structure of the second slot 242 may be the same or different.

[0195] In some embodiments, the coupling of the first inner core 141 and the first slot 241 is used to transmit the first signal, and the coupling of the second inner core 142 and the second slot 242 is used to transmit the second signal.

[0196] In some embodiments, the phase of the first signal and the phase of the second signal are the same or different.

[0197] It can be understood that Figure 13 Only schematically shows that two side-by-side slots are opened on the floor 20. In some other embodiments, more slots may also be opened on the floor 20, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0198] In the embodiments of the present application, by opening a plurality of side-by-side slots on the floor 20 to construct a transmission line, the occupied space of the transmission line in the horizontal dimension can be reduced, and it is beneficial to the integration of multi-signal feeders.

[0199] Figure 15 Shows a schematic diagram of the comparison of the effects of the impedance of several transmission lines changing with dimensional tolerances.

[0200] Figure 15 In (a) is a schematic diagram of the comparison of the effects of the impedance of several transmission lines changing with the dimensional tolerance in the horizontal dimension. As Figure 15 shown in (a) in, when there is a dimensional tolerance between the inner core and the floor in the horizontal dimension, Figure 4 The impedance tolerance resistance of the microstrip line shown is the best, because the capacitance between its inner core and the floor does not change with the change of the horizontal dimension size. The transmission line provided by the present application is better than Figure 6The coplanar line shown has strong anti-tolerance ability because, under the same gap, the coupling capacitance between the inner core and the ground plane in the transmission line provided by the present application is larger, and the coupling field is stronger. Therefore, when the horizontal gap changes, the tolerance ability of the transmission line provided by the present application is better than that of the coplanar line.

[0201] Figure 15 In (b) of [reference], there is a schematic diagram comparing the effects of the impedance of several transmission lines changing with the dimensional tolerance in the vertical dimension. As Figure 15 shown in (b) of [reference], when there are dimensional tolerances between the inner core and the ground plane in the vertical dimension, specifically, for the microstrip line, the dimension H1 changes, and for the coplanar line and the transmission line provided by the present application, it is the vertical misalignment tolerance between the inner core and the ground plane. Figure 6 The coplanar line shown has the worst anti-tolerance ability for impedance because the capacitance between its inner core and the ground plane mainly depends on the thickness of the board material, the coupling area is small and it is sensitive to misalignment. In the transmission line provided by the present application, the coupling capacitance between the inner core and the ground plane remains basically unchanged. Therefore, the transmission line provided by the present application has the strongest anti-tolerance ability for impedance.

[0202] In summary, the transmission line provided by the present application exhibits good anti-tolerance characteristics in both the horizontal dimension and the vertical dimension, while the existing transmission lines have defects in that the impedance fluctuates greatly with tolerance in one or more dimensions.

[0203] Figure 16 and Figure 17 show a schematic structural diagram of an oscillator provided by an embodiment of the present application, where Figure 16 shows an assembly schematic diagram of the oscillator 800, Figure 17 shows an exploded schematic diagram of the oscillator 800.

[0204] Referring to Figure 16 and Figure 17 , the oscillator 800 includes a radiator 31 and a balun 32, and the radiator 31 and the balun 32 are electrically connected.

[0205] The radiator 31 is used to transmit and receive radio frequency signals. The radiator 31 may include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as linear or sheet-like, etc. The present application does not limit the specific shape.

[0206] In some embodiments, the linear radiator may be simply referred to as a wire antenna. In one embodiment, the wire diameter (e.g., including thickness and width) of the radiator of the linear radiator or wire antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is around 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of wire antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave dipole antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, and inverted F antennas (IFA). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna typically includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feeding portion from the feeding end of the radiating branch. For example, an IFA antenna can be regarded as obtained by adding a grounding path to a monopole antenna. The IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted F antenna because its side view is in the shape of an inverted F.

[0207] In some embodiments, the sheet radiator may include a microstrip antenna or a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted F antenna (PIFA). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a planar conductor (e.g., a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). For example, the sheet radiator may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet. Also, for example, the sheet radiator may include a conductive coating, such as silver paste. The shape of the sheet radiator includes circular, rectangular, annular, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator, and a ground plane, where the dielectric substrate is disposed between the radiator and the ground plane.

[0208] In some embodiments, the radiator may also include a groove or slit formed on a conductor. For example, a closed or semi-closed groove or slit is formed on a grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, the slotted or slit radiator may be simply referred to as a slot antenna or a slotted antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (such as width) of the slot or slit of the slot antenna / slotted antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (such as the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (such as the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is around 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, the radiator having a closed groove or slit may be simply referred to as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, the radiator having a semi-closed groove or slit (such as adding an opening to a closed groove or slit) may be simply referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the shape of the slit is elongated. In some embodiments, the length of the slit is about half a wavelength (such as the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the length of the slit is about an integer multiple of the wavelength (such as one dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slit can be fed by a transmission line bridging one or both of its sides. Thus, a radio frequency electromagnetic field is excited on the slit, and electromagnetic waves are radiated into space.

[0209] In some embodiments, the material of the radiator 31 may include dielectric, metal, ceramic, etc.

[0210] The balun 32 is used to convert between a balanced signal (two signals interact, and the ground is not relevant) and an unbalanced signal (a single signal with respect to the ground or a pseudo-ground). Specifically, the balun can convert between a balanced (or differential) transmission line where current is transmitted in opposite phases and an unbalanced (or single-ended) transmission line where the return current is transmitted through the ground, for example, converting a single-ended signal into a differential signal. In the embodiments of the present application, the balun 32 adopts the transmission line structure (such as transmission line 400, transmission line 500, transmission line 600, or transmission line 700) introduced in the foregoing embodiments, so as to achieve balanced feeding.

[0211] Exemplarily, the balun 32 includes a third floor 321 and a third inner core 322. The third floor 321 includes a third slot hole 323 penetrating through the thickness of the third floor 321. The third inner core 322 is disposed in the third slot hole 323, and the thickness direction of the part of the third inner core 322 located in the third slot hole 323 intersects with the thickness direction of the third floor 321.

[0212] In the embodiments of the present application, for the detailed description of the third floor 321, the third inner core 322, and the third slot hole 323, reference may be made to the introduction of the floor 20, the inner core 10, and the slot hole 22 above. The various embodiments involved above are equally applicable here. For the sake of brevity, they will not be elaborated here.

[0213] In some embodiments, the thickness direction of the portion of the third inner core 322 located in the third slot 323 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the third floor 321.

[0214] In some embodiments, the third inner core 322 may also not be inserted into the third slot 323 at all, for example Figure 11 the structure shown in (c) of

[0215] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17 shown, the oscillator 800 may further include a feeder portion 33, and the feeder portion 33 is electrically connected to the balun 32. In the embodiments of the present application, the feeder portion 33 may adopt the transmission line structure introduced in the foregoing embodiments (such as the transmission line 400, the transmission line 500, the transmission line 600, or the transmission line 700), so as to realize power feeding for the balun 32.

[0216] Exemplarily, the feeder portion 33 includes a fourth floor 331 and a fourth inner core 332. The fourth floor 331 includes a fourth slot 333 penetrating through the thickness of the fourth floor 331. The fourth inner core 332 is disposed in the fourth slot 333, and the thickness direction of the portion of the fourth inner core 332 located in the fourth slot 333 intersects with the thickness direction of the fourth floor 331. The fourth inner core 332 is electrically connected to the third inner core 322.

[0217] In the embodiments of the present application, for the detailed description of the fourth floor 331, the fourth inner core 332, and the fourth slot 333, reference may be made to the introduction of the floor 20, the inner core 10, and the slot 22 above. Each of the foregoing embodiments also applies here. For the sake of brevity, it will not be elaborated herein.

[0218] In some embodiments, the thickness direction of the portion of the fourth inner core 332 located in the fourth slot 333 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the fourth floor 331.

[0219] In some embodiments, the fourth inner core 332 may also not be inserted into the fourth slot 333 at all, for example Figure 11 the structure shown in (c) of

[0220] In some embodiments, the third inner core 322 is fixedly connected to the fourth inner core 332. Exemplarily, the third inner core 322 and the fourth inner core 332 are integrally formed.

[0221] In some embodiments, the radiator 31 is fixedly connected to the third floor 321; or, the radiator 31 and the third floor 321 are integrally formed.

[0222] In some embodiments, the third floor 321 and the fourth floor 331 are fixedly connected; or, the third floor 321 and the fourth floor 331 are integrally formed.

[0223] In some embodiments, the radiator 31, the third floor 321, and the fourth floor 331 are integrally formed.

[0224] Exemplarily, the radiator 31, the third floor 321, and the fourth floor 331 can be formed by bending a metal plate through a sheet metal process. Figure 18 The structural schematic diagram before forming the oscillator body provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown. As Figure 17 shown, the metal plate 900 has a flat plate structure, which includes a radiator 31, a third floor 321, and a fourth floor 331. After the metal plate 900 is bent, the oscillator body (including the radiator 31, the third floor 321, and the fourth floor 331) of the oscillator 800 can be formed. In this way, integrated processing can be achieved.

[0225] In some embodiments, the third inner core 322 and the fourth inner core 332 can form a +45° feeder; or, the third inner core 322 and the fourth inner core 332 can form a -45° feeder.

[0226] For Figure 16 and Figure 17 the structure shown, it can also be understood from the following perspectives.

[0227] As Figure 16 and Figure 17 shown, the oscillator 800 includes an oscillator body and a first feeder. The oscillator body includes a radiator 31, a third floor 321, and a fourth floor 331. The first feeder includes a third inner core 322 and a fourth inner core 332. A third slot 323 is provided on the third floor 321. The third inner core 322 is disposed in the third slot 323, and the thickness direction of the part of the third inner core 322 located in the third slot 323 intersects with the thickness direction of the third floor 321. The third inner core 322 is coupled with the third slot 323 to feed the radiator 31 as a balun. A fourth slot 333 is provided on the fourth floor 331. The fourth inner core 332 is disposed in the fourth slot 333, and the thickness direction of the part of the fourth inner core 332 located in the fourth slot 333 intersects with the thickness direction of the fourth floor 331. The fourth inner core 332 is coupled with the fourth slot 333 for feeding.

[0228] In some embodiments, as Figure 17As shown, the oscillator 800 may further include a second feeder, and the second feeder includes a fifth inner core 325 and a sixth inner core 335. A fifth slot 324 is provided on the third floor 321, and the fifth inner core 325 is disposed in the fifth slot 324. The thickness direction of the part of the fifth inner core 325 located in the fifth slot 324 intersects with the thickness direction of the third floor 321. The fifth inner core 325 is coupled with the fifth slot 324 to act as a balun to feed the radiator 31. A sixth slot 334 is provided on the fourth floor 331, and the sixth inner core 335 is disposed in the sixth slot 334. The thickness direction of the part of the sixth inner core 335 located in the sixth slot 334 intersects with the thickness direction of the fourth floor 331. The sixth inner core 335 is coupled with the sixth slot 334 for feeding.

[0229] Here, the third inner core 322 and the fourth inner core 332 transmit the same electrical signal, and the fifth inner core 325 and the sixth inner core 335 transmit the same electrical signal. The electrical signals transmitted by the first feeder and the second feeder are different.

[0230] In some embodiments, one of the first feeder and the second feeder is a +45° feeder, and the other is a -45° feeder.

[0231] In some embodiments, the third inner core 322 of the first feeder and the fifth inner core 325 of the second feeder are in a cross-shaped structure.

[0232] In some embodiments, the thickness direction of the fourth inner core 332 of the first feeder is parallel to the thickness direction of the sixth inner core 335 of the second feeder.

[0233] In some embodiments, the third floor 321 includes two third slots 323 and two fifth slots 324. The two third slots 323 are oppositely arranged, the two fifth slots 324 are oppositely arranged, and the two third slots 323 and the two fifth slots 324 are alternately arranged in the clockwise direction. The third inner core 322 and the fifth inner core 325 are in a cross-shaped state and are respectively inserted into the two third slots 323 and the two fifth slots 324.

[0234] It can be understood that the two third slots 323 and the third inner core 322 constitute a balun, and the two fifth slots 324 and the fifth inner core 325 constitute another balun.

[0235] In some embodiments, the radiator 31 may include four radiation arms, and the four radiation arms are respectively connected to the part on the third floor 321 for forming the two third slots 323 and the two fifth slots 324.

[0236] In some embodiments, the length direction of the fourth slot 333 is parallel to the length direction of the sixth slot 334, that is, the fourth slot 333 and the sixth slot 334 are arranged side by side, which can reduce the space occupied by the feeder part 33 and facilitate the integration of multiple feeders in a limited space.

[0237] In this embodiment, the vibrator 800 may include three parts, a first feeder, a second feeder, and a vibrator body. The vibrator 800 uses the transmission line structure provided in the embodiment of the present application to construct a balun balanced feed, and may also integrate a dual-polarization transmission line. Since both the balun and the feeder adopt the transmission line structure provided in the embodiment of the present application, each section of the feed structure is insensitive to the size tolerance, thereby achieving a highly robust design.

[0238] When installing the vibrator 800, the first feeder and the second feeder can be directly inserted, which is convenient for installation. The balun part of the vibrator 800 is slotted to form a slot line, and the first feeder and the second feeder can be inserted therein for feeding. By slotting the bottom of the vibrator to form a transmission line slot line, the vibrator 800 can also integrate a feeding transmission line, which can achieve low-cost molding.

[0239] It should be noted that Figures 16 to 17 The schematic diagram shows the vibrator structure of a dual-polarized antenna using the transmission line provided in an embodiment of the present application. In some other embodiments, the transmission line structure provided in the present application can also be applied to the vibrator structure of single-polarized, quadruple-polarized, octapolarized, etc. antennas, which will not be explained here.

[0240] Figure 19 19 shows a schematic structural diagram of a phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein (a) in 19 shows a front structural diagram of the phase shifter 1000, Figure 19 (b) in FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the back structure of the phase shifter 1000. It can be understood that Figure 19 Only a basic unit of the phase shifter 1000, that is, a schematic diagram of the structure of the phase shifter power section is schematically shown. In the embodiment of the present application, the phase shifter 1000 may include one or more Figure 19 The phase shifting power section shown here is only described by taking one phase shifting power section of the phase shifter as an example.

[0241] like Figure 19As shown, the phase shifter 1000 may include an inner core 41 and a ground plane 42. The ground plane 42 includes a slot 421 penetrating through the thickness of the ground plane 42. The inner core 41 is disposed in the slot 421, and the thickness direction of the portion of the inner core 41 located in the slot 421 intersects with the thickness direction of the ground plane 42. The phase shifter 1000 further includes an input stub 43. The inner core 41 may include a first output stub 411 and a second output stub 412. The input stub 43 is respectively connected to the first output stub 411 and the second output stub 412. The input stub 43 includes an input port 443, the first output stub 411 includes a first output port 441, and the second output stub 412 includes a second output port 442. The signal transmitted through the input port 443 can be distributed to the first output port 441 and the second output port 442 according to a certain ratio. The phase shifter 1000 further includes a phase-shifting medium 44, which is used to adjust the phase difference between the first output port 441 and the second output port 442. In other words, when the phase-shifting medium 44 moves along the length direction of the slot 421, the phase difference between the first output port 441 and the second output port 442 will change, thereby realizing the phase-shifting function.

[0242] In some embodiments, the input stub 43 and the inner core 41 may form a T-shaped phase-shifting power-dividing section, where the connection point between the input stub 43 and the inner core 41 is the T-shaped node.

[0243] In some embodiments, the input stub 43 may form a microstrip line with the ground plane 42.

[0244] In some embodiments, as Figure 19 shown in (a) and (b), a phase-shifting medium 44 is disposed between one side of the inner core 41 in its thickness direction and the inner wall of the slot 421.

[0245] In other embodiments, as Figure 20 shown, phase-shifting media 44 are disposed between both sides of the inner core 41 in its thickness direction and the inner walls of the slot 421. Since phase-shifting media are loaded on both sides of the inner core 41 in its thickness direction, the phase lag amount can be increased, thereby increasing the adjustment range of the phase difference, that is, increasing the phase shift amount.

[0246] Exemplarily, referring to Figure 19 shown in (b) and Figure 20 shown, the inner core 41 may include a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 in its thickness direction. The first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are oppositely disposed. The inner wall of the slot 421 includes a first wall 221 facing the first surface 111 and a second wall 222 facing the second surface 112. A phase-shifting medium 44 is disposed between the first surface 111 and the first wall 221 and / or between the second surface 112 and the second wall 222.

[0247] In some embodiments, such as Figure 21 shown, the phase-shifting medium 44 may wrap the inner core 41. Exemplarily, the phase-shifting medium 44 wraps the inner core 41 along the direction of the length of the inner core 41.

[0248] In some embodiments, the material of the phase-shifting medium 44 may be polycarbonate (PC). Exemplarily, the phase-shifting medium 44 may be solid, such as a sliding medium block, which may move relative to the inner core 41 in the slot 421.

[0249] It should be noted that Figures 19 to 20 schematically shows that the transmission line provided by the embodiments of the present application is applied to a T-type phase-shifting power divider (with two output ports). In some other embodiments, when the transmission line structure provided by the present application is applied to a phase shifter, the phase shifter may include three, four or more output ports, such as multiple Figure 19 shown phase-shifting power dividing sections are spliced to obtain a phase shifter with multiple output ports, which will not be exemplified here.

[0250] The phase shifter 1000 adopts the transmission line structure provided by the embodiments of the present application, which can improve the anti-tolerance ability of the impedance of the phase shifter, is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the impedance of the phase shifter, and further ensures the stability of the impedance of the entire feeding network.

[0251] Actually, in an antenna system, the transmission line structure provided by the present application can be applied to any position where it is necessary to couple capacitance to transmit energy. The transmission line provided by the present application can also be understood as a transmission line unit. When the transmission line unit is applied to different components, it may have different names. For example, when the transmission line unit is applied to a balun, it may be called a balun; when the transmission line unit is applied to a phase shifter, it may be called a phase shifter; when the transmission line unit is used to connect different devices, it may be called a transmission line (such as Figure 2 the transmission line 207 shown or Figure 3 the transmission line 304 shown, etc.).

[0252] The embodiments of the present application relate to the thickness, length, and width of the inner core. The following will further explain these several directions in conjunction with Figure 22 this. Figure 22 What is shown is a schematic structural diagram of an inner core. As Figure 22As shown in the figure, the thickness of the inner core involved in the embodiments of the present application refers to the minimum size parameter of the inner core. For example, the thickness of the inner core can be the distance between two opposite main surfaces of the inner core, where the main surface refers to the surface with the largest area on the inner core. Correspondingly, the direction in which the inner core thickness is located is the thickness direction of the inner core. The length of the inner core involved in the embodiments of the present application refers to the maximum size parameter of the inner core. For example, the length of the inner core can be the maximum extension dimension of the equal-thickness cross-section. Correspondingly, the direction in which the inner core length is located is the length direction of the inner core. The width of the inner core involved in the embodiments of the present application can refer to the size parameter in the direction perpendicular to both the inner core length direction and the thickness direction. Correspondingly, this direction is the width direction of the inner core.

[0253] Similarly, the thickness direction of the floor involved in the above embodiments refers to the direction in which the minimum size parameter of the floor is located.

[0254] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the inner core perpendicular to the length direction can be a rectangle, a trapezoid, a parallelogram, etc., and the present application does not limit this.

[0255] It should be noted that Figures 7 to 22 The transmission line structure shown in the figure is only schematic. For the convenience of understanding, the support components are not shown in the figure. For example, the inner core can be arranged on the support components and cooperate with the slot holes opened on the floor through the arrangement of the support components. Here, the support components are made of insulating materials.

[0256] Combined with the above embodiments and Figures 7 to 22 , the embodiments of the present application provide a transmission line, including a first inner core and a floor; the first inner core includes a first main surface, and the first main surface is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first inner core; the floor includes a first slot hole penetrating through the thickness of the floor, and the inner wall of the first slot hole is coupled with the first main surface to form a capacitor.

[0257] The inner wall of the first slot hole is coupled with the first main surface of the first inner core to form a capacitor. The area of the first main surface is much larger than the area of the inner wall of the first slot hole. When the relative position of the first inner core and the floor changes, the coupling capacitor between the first inner core and the floor changes very little or remains basically unchanged, that is, the sensitivity of the transmission line impedance to the relative position change of the first inner core and the floor is reduced, and the capacitance tolerance resistance of the transmission line impedance is improved. Therefore, it is beneficial to ensure the stability of the transmission line impedance.

[0258] Exemplarily, the first inner core can be the inner core 10 or the first inner core 141 in the foregoing embodiments.

[0259] Exemplarily, the floor can be the floor 20 in the foregoing embodiments.

[0260] Exemplarily, the first main surface can be the wide surface of the inner core 10 in the foregoing embodiments.

[0261] Exemplarily, the first slot may be the slot 22 or the first slot 241 in the foregoing embodiments.

[0262] In some embodiments, at least a part of the projection of the first inner core in the first direction is located within the range of the projection of the first slot in the first direction, and at least a part of the thickness direction of the first inner core intersects with the thickness direction of the floor, where the first direction is the thickness direction of the floor.

[0263] In this way, the surface of the first inner core in its thickness direction can form a capacitance with the inner wall of the first slot. When the relative positions of the first inner core and the floor change in the vertical dimension and / or the horizontal dimension, the capacitance formation conditions can still be satisfied, and the capacitance between the first inner core and the floor is less affected. In this way, the stability of the capacitance formed by the first inner core and the floor can be maintained, thereby ensuring the stability of the transmission line impedance, and further facilitating ensuring the stability and reliability of the signal transmitted by the transmission line. Since the sensitivity of the transmission line impedance to the change in the relative position between the first inner core and the inner wall of the first slot is reduced, the error range allowing the relative position change between the first inner core and the floor increases during the processing and installation processes, without relying on high-precision processing techniques or high-cost fixing schemes, and the fixing cost can be reduced.

[0264] In some embodiments, at least a part of the thickness direction of the first inner core is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the floor.

[0265] This is conducive to the coupling between the first inner core and the floor to form a capacitance. Additionally, when the sizes of the first inner core and the floor are fixed, such an arrangement can increase the tolerance range of the transmission line impedance, that is, the tolerance between the first inner core and the floor increases, but the coupling capacitance between the first inner core and the floor can still be maintained, thereby maintaining the stability of the transmission line impedance.

[0266] In some embodiments, the first main surface is parallel to the thickness direction of the floor.

[0267] The width of the first main surface is much larger than the thickness of the floor. Even if there is a tolerance between the first inner core and the floor in the vertical dimension (i.e., the thickness direction of the floor), the stability of the capacitance between the first inner core and the floor can still be maintained.

[0268] In some embodiments, the first main surface includes a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely arranged; the first slot includes a first wall facing the first surface and a second wall facing the second surface, where the first wall is parallel to the first surface and the second wall is parallel to the second surface.

[0269] In this way, a certain distance can always be maintained between the first main surface and the inner wall of the first slot, avoiding the contact between the first inner core and the floor and improving the reliability of the capacitance.

[0270] Exemplarily, the first surface may be the first surface 111 in the foregoing embodiments, and the second surface may be the second surface 112 in the foregoing embodiments.

[0271] Exemplarily, the first wall may be the first wall 221 in the foregoing embodiments, and the second wall may be the second wall 222 in the foregoing embodiments.

[0272] In some embodiments, the first inner core is disposed in the first slot.

[0273] In this way, there is a directly facing coupling area between the first inner core and the inner wall of the first slot, the coupling field is stronger, the binding ability to the electric field is stronger, and the transmission loss of the transmission line can be reduced.

[0274] In some embodiments, the projection of the first main surface in the second direction is divided by the projection of the floor in the second direction into two parts arranged along the thickness direction of the floor, and the second direction is the width direction of the floor.

[0275] In this way, when there are tolerances in the position or size of the first inner core or the floor in the vertical dimension (i.e., the thickness direction of the floor), the coupling area between the first inner core and the floor can always remain unchanged, and the stability of the capacitance between the first inner core and the floor can be ensured.

[0276] In some embodiments, the first slot includes a first slot section and a second slot section spaced apart in a third direction, and the third direction is the length direction of the floor; the first inner core includes a first part, a second part, and a third part connecting the first part and the second part, the first part is disposed in the first slot section, the second part is disposed in the second slot section, and the third part is located outside the first slot and does not contact the part of the floor for spacing the first slot section and the second slot section.

[0277] The first slot may include a plurality of spaced slot sections, and the first inner core may jump out of one slot section and bypass the connecting part between adjacent slot sections and then insert into another slot section. This setting method can enhance the strength of the floor without affecting the performance of the transmission line.

[0278] Exemplarily, the first slot section may be the first slot section 231 in the foregoing embodiments, and the second slot section may be the second slot section 232 in the foregoing embodiments.

[0279] Exemplarily, the first part may be the first part 131 in the foregoing embodiments, the second part may be the second part 132 in the foregoing embodiments, and the third part may be the third part 133 in the foregoing embodiments.

[0280] In some embodiments, the thickness direction of the third part is the same as the thickness direction of the first part and / or the second part.

[0281] Each part of the first inner core has the same thickness direction. In this way, the first inner core can be in a plate shape, with a simple processing technology and convenient installation.

[0282] In some embodiments, the thickness direction of the third part is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first part and / or the second part; and / or the thickness direction of the third part is parallel to the thickness direction of the floor.

[0283] The coupling area between the third part of the first inner core and the floor is increased. For example, the third part can form a microstrip line with the floor, which can improve the continuity of the transmission line impedance.

[0284] In some embodiments, the transmission line further includes a second inner core. The second inner core includes a second main surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the second inner core; the floor further includes a second slot hole penetrating the thickness of the floor. The second slot hole is spaced from the first slot hole along the width direction of the floor, and the inner wall of the second slot hole is coupled with the second main surface to form a capacitor.

[0285] By arranging the slot holes side by side on the floor, a feeding transmission line of the radiation unit can be formed, which is convenient for integrating multi-polarization feeding lines and occupies less space in the direction perpendicular to the floor thickness.

[0286] Exemplarily, the second inner core can be the second inner core 142 in the foregoing embodiment.

[0287] Exemplarily, the second slot hole can be the second slot hole 242 in the foregoing embodiment.

[0288] Exemplarily, the second main surface can be the wide surface of the second inner core 142.

[0289] In some embodiments, the length direction of the second slot hole is parallel to the length direction of the first slot hole.

[0290] The first slot hole and the second slot hole are arranged side by side, which is beneficial to the integration and installation of multiple feeding lines.

[0291] In some embodiments, the coupling between the first slot hole and the first inner core is used to transmit a first signal, and the coupling between the second slot hole and the second inner core is used to transmit a second signal.

[0292] In this way, the transmission line can occupy less space to transmit multiple feeder signals.

[0293] An embodiment of the present application further provides an oscillator, including: a radiator and a balun; the radiator is used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals; the balun is electrically connected to the radiator, and the balun includes the transmission line involved in the foregoing embodiment to feed the radiator.

[0294] The balun of the oscillator adopts the above-mentioned transmission line structure, which can improve the tolerance resistance of the balun impedance and is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the balun impedance.

[0295] Exemplarily, the radiator can be the radiator 31 in the foregoing embodiment.

[0296] Exemplarily, the balun can be the balun 32 in the foregoing embodiment.

[0297] In some embodiments, the oscillator further includes: a feeder part, electrically connected to the balun, wherein the feeder part includes the transmission line involved in the foregoing embodiment to feed the balun.

[0298] Both the balun and the feeder part of the oscillator adopt the above-mentioned transmission line structure. Therefore, the balun and the feeder part are not sensitive to the position change between the inner core and the floor, and a high-robustness design can be achieved.

[0299] Exemplarily, the feeder part can be the feeder part 33 in the foregoing embodiment.

[0300] In some embodiments, the floor in the balun is connected to the floor in the feeder part; and / or the first inner core in the balun is connected to the first inner core in the feeder part.

[0301] In some embodiments, the radiator, the floor in the balun, and the floor in the feeder part are integrally formed.

[0302] By reasonably arranging the radiator, the floor in the balun, and the floor in the feeder part, the integrated molding of a single processing technology can be satisfied. For example, through single-sided sheet metal bending processing, the process is simple and the cost is low.

[0303] In some embodiments, the first inner core in the balun and the first inner core in the feeder part are integrally formed.

[0304] In this way, as long as one part is installed, the balun feeding and the feeder feeding can be formed, and the installation is simple and the cost is low.

[0305] In some embodiments, the first inner core in the balun and the first inner core in the feeder part belong to a part of the +45° feeder or a part of the -45° feeder. In this way, the balun and the feeder part can be used for ±45° dual-polarization feeding.

[0306] The embodiment of the present application further provides a phase shifter, and the phase shifter includes the transmission line involved in the foregoing embodiment.

[0307] In some embodiments, the phase shifter further includes: an input stub, the input stub is connected to the first inner core, wherein the first inner core includes at least two output ports; a phase-shifting medium, disposed between the inner wall of the first slot and the first main surface, and the phase-shifting medium is used to adjust the phase difference between the at least two output ports.

[0308] By adopting the above-mentioned transmission line structure, the phase shifter can improve the anti-tolerance ability of the impedance of the phase shifter, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the impedance of the phase shifter.

[0309] Exemplarily, the input stub can be the input stub 43 in the foregoing embodiment.

[0310] Exemplarily, the first inner core can include Figure 19 the first output port 441 and the second output port 442 as shown.

[0311] Exemplarily, the phase-shifting medium can be the phase-shifting medium 44 in the foregoing embodiment.

[0312] In some embodiments, the first main surface includes a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely arranged; the first slot includes a first wall facing the first surface and a second wall facing the second surface; the phase-shifting medium is disposed between the first surface and the first wall and / or between the second surface and the second wall.

[0313] When the phase-shifting medium moves along the length direction of the first slot, the phase difference between at least two output ports provided on the first inner core will change, so that the setting can achieve the phase-shifting function. In addition, when the phase-shifting medium is loaded on both wide surfaces of the first inner core, the phase lag amount can be increased, thereby increasing the phase-shifting amount.

[0314] Exemplarily, the first surface can be the first surface 111 in the foregoing embodiment, and the second surface can be the second surface 112 in the foregoing embodiment.

[0315] Exemplarily, the first wall can be the first wall 221 in the foregoing embodiment, and the second wall can be the second wall 222 in the foregoing embodiment.

[0316] The embodiment of the present application further provides a feeding network, which includes the transmission line involved in the foregoing embodiment; or includes the phase shifter involved in the foregoing embodiment.

[0317] The embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna, which includes the transmission line involved in the foregoing embodiment, or includes a phase shifter that applies the transmission line involved in the embodiment of the present application, or includes a feeding network that applies the transmission line involved in the embodiment of the present application.

[0318] The embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which includes a radio frequency module and an antenna that applies the transmission line involved in the embodiment of the present application described above. The radio frequency module is used to send radio frequency signals to the antenna.

[0319] In some embodiments, the radio frequency module integrates two or more discrete devices such as radio frequency switches, low noise amplifiers, filters, duplexers, power amplifiers, etc. into one module. This can improve the integration level and performance, and miniaturize the volume.

[0320] In some embodiments, the antenna can receive radio frequency signals from the radio frequency module and transmit the radio frequency signals. Additionally, the antenna can also send the received radio frequency signals to the radio frequency module. It should be noted that the frequency of the radio frequency signals is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0321] In some embodiments, the communication device may further include an energy device, which is used to provide energy for the radio frequency module and the antenna.

[0322] In some embodiments, the communication device can be integrated on the base station 101 as Figure 1 shown.

[0323] In the embodiments of this application, a communication system is further provided. The communication system may include a terminal device and a base station, and the base station may include the antenna described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0324] It can be understood that there is no contact between the floor and the inner core involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0325] In the description of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0326] The above is only the specific implementation manner of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and all should be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A transmission line, characterized in that, it comprises: a first inner core including a first main surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first inner core; a floor including a first slot hole penetrating the thickness of the floor, wherein the inner wall of the first slot hole is coupled with the first main surface to form a capacitor.

2. The transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that, at least part of the projection of the first inner core in a first direction is within the range of the projection of the first slot hole in the first direction, and at least part of the thickness direction of the first inner core intersects with the thickness direction of the floor, wherein the first direction is the thickness direction of the floor.

3. The transmission line according to claim 2, characterized in that, at least part of the thickness direction of the first inner core is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the floor.

4. The transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, the first main surface is parallel to the thickness direction of the floor.

5. The transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the first main surface includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other; the first slot hole includes a first wall facing the first surface and a second wall facing the second surface, wherein the first wall is parallel to the first surface and the second wall is parallel to the second surface.

6. The transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, the first inner core is disposed in the first slot hole.

7. The transmission line according to claim 6, characterized in that, the projection of the first main surface in a second direction is divided by the projection of the floor in the second direction into two parts arranged along the thickness direction of the floor, and the second direction is the width direction of the floor.

8. The transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, the first slot hole includes a first slot section and a second slot section spaced apart in a third direction, and the third direction is the length direction of the floor; the first inner core includes a first part, a second part and a third part connecting the first part and the second part, the first part is disposed in the first slot section, the second part is disposed in the second slot section, and the third part is located outside the first slot hole and does not contact the part of the floor for spacing the first slot section and the second slot section.

9. The transmission line according to claim 8, characterized in that, the thickness direction of the third part is the same as the thickness direction of the first part and / or the second part.

10. The transmission line according to claim 8, characterized in that, the thickness direction of the third part is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first part and / or the second part; and / or the thickness direction of the third part is parallel to the thickness direction of the floor.

11. The transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, the transmission line further includes a second inner core, the second inner core includes a second main surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the second inner core; The floor further includes a second slot hole penetrating through the thickness of the floor, the second slot hole being spaced apart from the first slot hole along the width direction of the floor, wherein an inner wall of the second slot hole is coupled to the second main surface to form a capacitor.

12. The transmission line according to claim 11, wherein, a length direction of the second slot hole is parallel to a length direction of the first slot hole.

13. The transmission line according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, the coupling between the first slot hole and the first inner core is used for transmitting a first signal, and the coupling between the second slot hole and the second inner core is used for transmitting a second signal.

14. An oscillator, wherein, comprising: a radiator for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals; a balun electrically connected to the radiator, wherein the balun includes the transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 13 to feed power to the radiator.

15. The oscillator according to claim 14, wherein, the oscillator further comprises: a feeder section electrically connected to the balun, wherein the feeder section includes the transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 13 to feed power to the balun.

16. The oscillator according to claim 15, wherein, the floor in the balun is connected to the floor in the feeder section; and / or the first inner core in the balun is connected to the first inner core in the feeder section.

17. The oscillator according to claim 15 or 16, wherein, the radiator, the floor in the balun and the floor in the feeder section are integrally formed; and / or the first inner core in the balun and the first inner core in the feeder section are integrally formed.

18. The oscillator according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein, the first inner core in the balun and the first inner core in the feeder section belong to a part of a +45° feeder or a part of a -45° feeder.

19. A phase shifter, wherein, comprising the transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

20. The phase shifter according to claim 19, wherein, the phase shifter further comprises: an input stub, the input stub being connected to the first inner core, wherein the first inner core includes at least two output ports; a phase shifting medium disposed between an inner wall of the first slot hole and the first main surface, the phase shifting medium being used for adjusting a phase difference between the at least two output ports.

21. The phase shifter according to claim 19 or 20, wherein, the first main surface includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; the first slot hole includes a first wall facing the first surface and a second wall facing the second surface; the phase shifting medium is disposed between the first surface and the first wall and / or between the second surface and the second wall.

22. A feeding network, wherein, comprising the transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 13; or comprising the phase shifter according to any one of claims 19 to 21.

23. An antenna, wherein, comprising a transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 13; or comprising an oscillator according to any one of claims 14 to 18; or comprising a phase shifter according to any one of claims 19 to 21; or comprising a feed network according to claim 22.

24. A communication device, characterized in that it comprises: a radio frequency module; an antenna according to claim 23, wherein the radio frequency module is configured to send radio frequency signals to the antenna.

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