Ground gateway station, communication method thereof and satellite communication system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication, and provides a ground gateway station, a communication method thereof and a satellite communication system.The device comprises a radio frequency downlink channel which receives Q-band electromagnetic signals collected by an antenna servo system, outputs C-band intermediate-frequency signals of downlink data after low-noise amplification and frequency conversion, and transmits the C-band intermediate-frequency signals to the radio frequency downlink channel; the baseband module carries out measurement and control tracking and feed receiving processing to obtain a data stream; and the radio frequency uplink channel is used for receiving the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module, performing up-conversion, power amplification and power synthesis to obtain a V-band signal of the uplink data, converting the V-band signal into an electromagnetic signal by an antenna servo system, and radiating the electromagnetic signal into a space to be received by a satellite. According to the scheme, communication of a downlink channel and communication of an uplink channel can be achieved through the broadband QV frequency band gateway station based on the C-band intermediate frequency and composed of an antenna feed system, radio frequency uplink and downlink channels and a baseband module, and larger signal bandwidth and higher transmission rate are supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of satellite communication technology, and particularly relates to a ground gateway station, its communication method and a satellite communication system, and more particularly to a broadband QV-band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency, its communication method and a satellite communication system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of satellite communication technology, the application of high-frequency bands (such as QV band) is becoming more and more extensive. These bands have higher bandwidth and transmission rate, and can meet the requirements of high-capacity communication. However, higher bandwidth and transmission rate are easily limited during the transmission process at a lower intermediate frequency (such as 70 MHz, the traditional 1.2 GHz), so appropriate and effective intermediate frequency processing technology is needed to ensure the stability and reliability of the signal.

[0003] Gateway Station: Also known as a gateway station or a ground station, it is an important part of a satellite communication system. Its main function is to establish a connection between the satellite and the ground network and realize the two-way transmission of information such as data, voice, and video. The gateway station in the related solutions converts the signal into a lower intermediate frequency signal, then into a digital intermediate frequency signal, and then processes the signal in the digital domain, but there is a problem of limited high-speed transmission bandwidth of the gateway station.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a ground gateway station, its communication method and a satellite communication system, and particularly to a broadband QV-band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency, its communication method and a satellite communication system, which can realize the communication of the downlink channel and the uplink channel through a broadband QV-band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency composed of an antenna feed system, radio frequency uplink and downlink channels, and a baseband module, and can at least support a larger signal bandwidth and a higher transmission rate to solve the problem of limited high-speed transmission bandwidth of the gateway station.

[0005] The above content is only used to assist in understanding the technical solution of the present invention, and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a ground gateway station, its communication method and a satellite communication system.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, as an aspect of the present invention, a ground gateway station is provided, including: an antenna feed system, a radio frequency downlink channel, a radio frequency uplink channel, and a baseband module; wherein, the antenna feed system is used to collect satellite signals from satellites; the satellite signals include Q-band electromagnetic signals; the radio frequency downlink channel is used to receive the Q-band electromagnetic signals collected by the antenna feed system as downlink data; after low-noise amplification and frequency conversion of the downlink data, output the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data to the baseband module; the baseband module is used to receive the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data output by the radio frequency downlink channel, perform measurement and control tracking and feed reception processing to obtain a data stream; and transmit the data stream to the ground network to realize communication between the satellite signal and the ground network, so as to realize the downlink feed function of the downlink data of the ground gateway station; the baseband module is further used to receive the uplink data transmitted by the ground network, perform measurement and control tracking and feed transmission processing on the uplink data to obtain the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data; the radio frequency uplink channel is used to receive the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module, perform up-conversion, power amplification and power combination to obtain the V-band signal of the uplink data; the antenna feed system is further used to receive the V-band signal of the uplink data output by the radio frequency uplink channel, convert it into an electromagnetic signal and radiate it into space for the satellite to receive, so as to realize the uplink feed function of the uplink data of the ground gateway station.

[0008] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the antenna feed system has a receiving channel, and the antenna feed system also has a feed reception line; the receiving channel of the antenna feed system, a low-noise amplifier, and the feed reception line of the antenna feed system constitute the radio frequency downlink channel; wherein, the radio frequency downlink channel receives the Q-band electromagnetic signals collected by the antenna feed system as downlink data; after low-noise amplification and frequency conversion of the downlink data, output the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data to the baseband module, including: the receiving channel of the antenna feed system is used to receive the Q-band electromagnetic signals collected by the antenna feed system as downlink data; convert the downlink data into an electrical signal to obtain the Q-band signal of the downlink data; and transmit it to the low-noise amplifier through the feed reception line of the antenna feed system; the low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the Q-band signal of the downlink data, filter out signals of a set frequency component, and perform gain adjustment and further filtering to obtain the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data and transmit it to the baseband module.

[0009] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the number of receiving channels of the tracking antenna system is two, and the number of low-noise amplifiers is two; one of the low-noise amplifiers is disposed in a corresponding receiving channel of the tracking antenna system.

[0010] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the low-noise amplifier has an amplification circuit and a band-pass filter; the band-pass filter includes at least one stage of image-frequency filter.

[0011] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the baseband module receives the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the downlink data output by the radio-frequency downlink channel, performs TT&C tracking and power feeding reception processing, and obtains a data stream, including: receiving the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the downlink data output by the radio-frequency downlink channel, filtering out noise and interference, enhancing the signal strength, and then converting it into a digital signal; demodulating based on the digital signal to restore the original downlink data as the required data stream.

[0012] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the baseband module receives the uplink data transmitted by the ground network, performs TT&C tracking and power feeding transmission processing on the uplink data, and obtains the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the uplink data, including: receiving the uplink data transmitted by the ground network, sequentially performing encoding processing and digital conditioning processing to obtain a radio-frequency signal to be transmitted; performing digital filtering processing on the radio-frequency signal, then performing digital-to-analog conversion and analog-to-digital conversion processing, and further filtering and frequency amplification to obtain the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the uplink data.

[0013] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the tracking antenna system further has a transmitting channel and a power feeding transmission line; the transmitting channel of the tracking antenna system, the up-conversion power amplifier, and the power feeding transmission line of the tracking antenna system constitute the radio-frequency uplink channel; wherein, the radio-frequency uplink channel receives the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module, performs up-conversion, power amplification, and power combination, and obtains the V-band signal of the uplink data, including: the up-conversion power amplifier is used to receive the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module, up-convert the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the uplink data to a V-band intermediate-frequency signal, then mix the V-band intermediate-frequency signal with a preset high-frequency local oscillator signal to obtain a mixed V-band signal; and then filter the mixed V-band signal to obtain the V-band signal of the uplink data.

[0014] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the tracking antenna system receives the V-band signal of the uplink data output by the radio frequency uplink channel, converts it into an electromagnetic signal and radiates it into space for the satellite to receive, and includes: receiving, through the transmitting channel of the tracking antenna system, the V-band signal of the uplink data output by the radio frequency uplink channel; after converting the V-band signal of the uplink data into an electromagnetic signal, radiating it into space through the feed transmitting line of the tracking antenna system for the satellite to receive.

[0015] As a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a satellite communication system, including: the ground gateway station described above.

[0016] As a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a communication method for a ground gateway station, including: collecting, through the tracking antenna system, satellite signals from a satellite; the satellite signals include: Q-band electromagnetic signals; receiving, through the radio frequency downlink channel, the Q-band electromagnetic signals collected by the tracking antenna system as downlink data; after performing low-noise amplification and frequency conversion on the downlink data, outputting the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data to the baseband module; receiving, through the baseband module, the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data output by the radio frequency downlink channel, performing measurement and control tracking and feed reception processing to obtain a data stream; and transmitting the data stream to the ground network to realize communication between the satellite signal and the ground network, so as to realize the downlink feed function of the downlink data of the ground gateway station; through the baseband module, also receiving uplink data transmitted by the ground network, performing measurement and control tracking and feed transmission processing on the uplink data to obtain the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data; receiving, through the radio frequency uplink channel, the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module, performing up-conversion, power amplification and power combination to obtain the V-band signal of the uplink data; receiving, through the tracking antenna system, the V-band signal of the uplink data output by the radio frequency uplink channel, converting it into an electromagnetic signal and radiating it into space for the satellite to receive, so as to realize the uplink feed function of the uplink data of the ground gateway station.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The solution of the present invention realizes communication of the downlink channel and the uplink channel through a broadband QV-band gateway station based on the C-band intermediate frequency composed of a tracking antenna system, radio frequency uplink and downlink channels, and a baseband module, so as to realize at least support for a larger signal bandwidth and a higher transmission rate, and solve the problem of limited high-speed transmission bandwidth of the gateway station.

[0018] Furthermore, in the solution of the present invention, the C-band has a relatively high frequency and has better interference suppression ability, which improves the problem of anti-interference ability and solves the problem of weak interference suppression ability.

[0019] Furthermore, in the solution of the present invention, the rectangularity coefficient of the C-band image frequency filter is relatively high, which can reduce the requirements for the filter and decrease the volume, weight and cost of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the ground gateway station of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It schematically shows a system block diagram of a broadband QV-band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of the communication method of the ground gateway station of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The following provides a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the claims.

[0024] In the related solutions, the gateway station usually converts the signal into a lower intermediate frequency signal (70 MHz or 1.2 GHz), and then uses a high-speed analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to convert the analog signal into a digital intermediate frequency signal, and then processes the signal in the digital domain. The advantage of this solution is that it simplifies the hardware structure and improves the flexibility and scalability of the system.

[0025] However, although the above solution solves the signal processing problem to a certain extent, there are still some obvious disadvantages. For example, bandwidth limitation: due to the low carrier frequency of the frequency band, the signal bandwidth that can be supported is limited. For example, for 70 MHz or 1.2 GHz intermediate frequency, considering the limitation of the actual filter frequency selection ability, the supported bandwidth will be much smaller than 70 MHz or 1.2 GHz. Another example is weak anti-interference ability: directly converting the QV signal to a lower intermediate frequency for processing reduces the anti-image frequency interference ability of the system link, resulting in a decline in signal quality.

[0026] Therefore, the solution of the present invention provides a broadband QV-band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency. The primary purpose is to solve the problem of limited high-speed transmission bandwidth of the gateway station, the secondary purpose is to solve the problem of weak interference suppression ability, and the third purpose is to reduce the volume, weight and cost of the equipment.

[0027] Descriptions of relevant terms involved in the solution of the present invention are as follows: L / C / Q / V bands: The C band, Q / V band, and L band are several commonly used microwave frequency bands in satellite communication. Among them: The C band has a frequency range of 4 - 8 GHz, where the uplink usually uses 5.925 GHz to 6.425 GHz, and the downlink uses 3.7 GHz to 4.2 GHz. The Q band has a frequency range of approximately 37 GHz to 50 GHz, while the V band is between 40 GHz and 75 GHz. These two frequency bands are sometimes discussed together because they have many similarities in technical requirements and application scenarios. The L band has a frequency range of 1 GHz to 2 GHz.

[0028] As the first embodiment of the present invention, a ground gateway station is provided. Refer to Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the device of the present invention as shown. The ground gateway station may include: an antenna feed system, a radio frequency downlink channel, a radio frequency uplink channel, and a baseband module.

[0029] Among them, the antenna feed system is used to collect satellite signals from satellites; the satellite signals include: Q-band electromagnetic signals.

[0030] The radio frequency downlink channel is used to receive the Q-band electromagnetic signals collected by the antenna feed system as downlink data; after performing low-noise amplification and frequency conversion on the downlink data, it outputs the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data to the baseband module.

[0031] The baseband module is used to receive the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data output by the radio frequency downlink channel, perform measurement and control tracking and power supply reception processing to obtain a data stream; and transmit the data stream to a ground network (such as a ground core network) to realize communication between the satellite signal and the ground network, so as to realize the downlink power supply function of the downlink data of the ground gateway station.

[0032] The baseband module is also used to receive the uplink data transmitted by the ground network, perform measurement and control tracking and power supply transmission processing on the uplink data to obtain the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data.

[0033] The radio frequency uplink channel is used to receive the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module, perform up-conversion, power amplification, and power combination to obtain the V-band signal of the uplink data.

[0034] The antenna feed system is also used to receive the V-band signal of the uplink data output by the radio frequency uplink channel, convert it into an electromagnetic signal and radiate it into space for the satellite to receive, so as to realize the uplink power supply function of the uplink data of the ground gateway station.

[0035] The gateway station usually includes components such as an antenna system, a radio frequency front end, a modulation and demodulation device, and a network interface device. The solution of the present invention provides a broadband QV band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency. The ground gateway station plays a crucial role in modern satellite communication systems. It is responsible for high-speed data exchange between satellites and ground networks and also undertakes a series of complex tasks such as satellite measurement, control, and tracking. Figure 2 It is a system block diagram of a broadband QV band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency. The overall system logic architecture and system connection block diagram of a broadband QV band gateway station provided by the solution of the present invention are as Figure 2 shown. The gateway station is composed of an antenna, servo, and feed system, a radio frequency up and down link channel, and a baseband module.

[0036] In the solution of the present invention, the design of the broadband QV band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency replaces the traditional low intermediate frequency design to support a larger signal bandwidth and a higher transmission rate, and solves the problem of limited high-speed transmission bandwidth of the gateway station. Moreover, in the solution of the present invention, since the C-band has a higher frequency, it has better interference suppression ability, improves the problem of anti-interference ability, and solves the problem of weak interference suppression ability.

[0037] In some embodiments, the antenna, servo, and feed system has a receiving channel, and the antenna, servo, and feed system also has a feed receiving line; the receiving channel of the antenna, servo, and feed system, a low-noise amplifier, and the feed receiving line of the antenna, servo, and feed system constitute the radio frequency downlink channel.

[0038] Among them, the radio frequency downlink channel receives the Q-band electromagnetic signal collected by the antenna, servo, and feed system as downlink data; after low-noise amplification and frequency conversion of the downlink data, it outputs the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data to the baseband module, including: The receiving channel of the antenna, servo, and feed system is used to receive the Q-band electromagnetic signal collected by the antenna, servo, and feed system as downlink data; convert the downlink data into an electrical signal to obtain the Q-band signal of the downlink data; and transmit it to the low-noise amplifier through the feed receiving line of the antenna, servo, and feed system.

[0039] The low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the Q-band signal of the downlink data, filter out signals of a set frequency component, and perform gain adjustment and further filtering to obtain the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data and transmit it to the baseband module.

[0040] Preferably, the number of receiving channels of the antenna, servo, and feed system is two, and the number of low-noise amplifiers is two; one low-noise amplifier is arranged in a corresponding receiving channel of the antenna, servo, and feed system. That is to say, the two low-noise amplifiers are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two receiving channels of the antenna, servo, and feed system.

[0041] As shown Figure 2 in the figure, the number of LNBS is two, namely the first LNB and the second LNB, to perform monopulse tracking using the sum and difference signals of the first LNB and the second LNB. The QV-band feeders are respectively connected to the first LNB and the second LNB; the first LNB is connected to the baseband module through the C-band, and the second LNB is connected to the baseband module through the C-band.

[0042] Preferably, the low-noise amplifier has an amplification circuit and a band-pass filter; the band-pass filter includes at least one stage of image-frequency filter.

[0043] In the solution of the present invention, since the rectangularity coefficient of the C-band image-frequency filter is relatively high, the requirements for the filter can be reduced, thereby saving volume, weight, and cost, and reducing the volume, weight, and cost of the equipment.

[0044] In some embodiments, the baseband module receives the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the downlink data output by the radio frequency downlink channel, performs measurement and control tracking and power feeding reception processing to obtain a data stream, including: specifically, the baseband module is further configured to receive the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the downlink data output by the radio frequency downlink channel, filter out noise and interference, enhance the signal strength, and then convert it into a digital signal; demodulate based on the digital signal to recover the original downlink data as the required data stream.

[0045] The downlink channel is specifically described below 。

[0046] As shown Figure 2 in the figure, the downlink channel of the broadband QV-band gateway station based on the C-band intermediate frequency mainly consists of the receiving channel of the antenna servo-feed system, a low-noise amplifier (Low Noise Block, LNB), the power feeding and baseband receiving part, etc. The downlink channel (i.e., the downlink channel) mainly completes the processing of collecting and receiving downlink data, low-noise amplification, frequency conversion, gain adjustment, interference filtering, etc. The working process of the downlink channel of the broadband QV-band gateway station based on the C-band intermediate frequency is as follows: Step 11. Antenna reception and processing.

[0047] As shown Figure 2 in the figure, the downlink channel of the ground gateway station first needs to collect Q-band (about 37 GHz to 50 GHz) electromagnetic signals from the satellite through a high-performance antenna system. The antenna uses its directivity, gain, and anti-interference capabilities to ensure efficient capture of weak satellite electromagnetic wave signals in space. When the received electromagnetic wave signal reaches the antenna surface, it will be converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the next processing unit, namely the low-noise amplifier (LNB), through the feeder.

[0048] Step 12. Low-noise amplification and frequency conversion.

[0049] As one of the core components of the downlink channel, the Low Noise Amplifier (LNB) is used to amplify the Q-band signal received from the antenna while minimizing the noise introduced by itself to maintain the high quality of the signal. Specifically, the LNB usually contains multiple cascaded amplifier circuits and band-pass filters for filtering out unnecessary frequency components.

[0050] Among these band-pass filters inside the LNB, there is at least one stage of image-frequency filter. The main task of the image-frequency filter is to filter out the unwanted image-frequency signals before the signal enters the downconverter. Without filtering, these image-frequency signals will mix with the local oscillator signal during the mixing process, generating additional intermediate-frequency signals, interfering with or even drowning out the desired useful signals, seriously affecting the receiving ability of the receiver. The image-frequency filter improves the selectivity and anti-interference ability of the receiver. After that, the signal output by the LNB enters the internal downconverter to perform frequency conversion operations, downconverting the high-frequency Q-band signal to a lower C-band intermediate frequency for subsequent processing and transmission. Traditional low intermediate frequencies require quite ideal filters with a rectangularity factor close to 1, which is difficult to achieve in practical applications. Since the intermediate frequency operates in the C-band and is far from the center frequency, the image-frequency filter has better interference suppression ability. At the same time, due to the larger rectangularity factor of the filter, it is easy to implement and can be realized by using relatively conventional filter technologies (such as dielectric filters, surface acoustic wave filters, or even discrete device technologies, etc.), without having to use cavity filters, thus saving volume, weight, and cost.

[0051] In the solution of the present invention, the signal passing through the image-frequency filter is downconverted to the C-band intermediate frequency. Due to the relatively high center frequency, it can support a signal bandwidth of up to several G and a higher transmission rate, thus being able to meet the requirements of the QV-band broadband high-speed gateway station.

[0052] Step 13: Gain adjustment and interference filtering.

[0053] After completing low-noise amplification and frequency conversion, the output C-band intermediate-frequency signal also needs to go through a series of processing steps, including but not limited to gain adjustment and further interference filtering. Gain adjustment is to ensure that the signal strength is within an appropriate range, neither too large to cause saturation distortion nor too small to affect the subsequent processing effect. And interference filtering is to remove possible external interference signals and improve the signal purity, and this step also relies on filters to achieve.

[0054] Step 14: Baseband module processing.

[0055] The C-band intermediate frequency signal that has undergone the above preprocessing will then be sent to the baseband module. At this stage, the signal will be digitized to complete the measurement, control, tracking and feeding processing. First, the signal passes through a filter to remove residual noise and interference; then, it passes through an amplifier to enhance the signal strength and is ready to enter the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The ADC is responsible for converting analog signals into digital signals so that they can be effectively processed in the digital domain. The converted digital signal is passed to the control unit, such as the field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other dedicated processing chips. On these powerful digital signal processors, complex algorithms are run to demodulate and restore the original high-speed data stream. In this process, a variety of modulation and demodulation technologies may be involved, such as QPSK, 8PSK and other higher-order modulation methods. The specific choice depends on the system design requirements and channel conditions.

[0056] Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) is a digital modulation method. It is divided into two types: absolute phase shift and relative phase shift. Since the absolute phase shift method has phase ambiguity, the relative phase shift method DQPSK is mainly used in practice. QPSK is a quaternary phase modulation with good noise resistance and bandwidth utilization, and is widely used in satellite links, digital clusters and other communication services.

[0057] 8PSK (8 Phase Shift Keying) is a phase modulation algorithm. Phase modulation (PM) is an evolution of frequency modulation (FM), where the phase of the carrier is adjusted to encode bits of digital information into each phase change (phase shift). The "PSK" in "8PSK" indicates the use of phase shift keying, which is a form of phase modulation used to express a series of discrete states. 8PSK corresponds to PSK with 8 states. If it has half the states, i.e. 4, it is QPSK, and if it has twice the states, it is 16PSK. Because 8PSK has 8 states, 8PSK can encode 3 bits per symbol. 8PSK is not as resistant to link degradation (noise resistance) as QPSK, but provides higher data throughput capacity.

[0058] Step 15: Data transmission and network access.

[0059] Finally, the data stream recovered by the baseband module will be connected to the ground core network through the transmission network and the corresponding physical layer interfaces, such as optical fiber or Ethernet interfaces. This link realizes the seamless connection of satellite signals to the ground Internet or other communication networks, enabling users to enjoy broadband services from satellites. Throughout the process, the gateway station not only serves as a bridge between the satellite and the ground network, but also is a key facility to ensure the quality, efficiency, and security of data transmission.

[0060] In some embodiments, the baseband module receives the uplink data transmitted by the ground network, performs TT&C tracking and power feeding transmission processing on the uplink data to obtain the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data, including: specifically, the baseband module is further configured to receive the uplink data transmitted by the ground network, perform encoding processing and digital adjustment processing in sequence to obtain the radio frequency signal to be transmitted; after performing digital filtering processing on the radio frequency signal, perform digital-to-analog conversion and analog-to-digital conversion processing, and then perform further filtering and frequency amplification to obtain the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data.

[0061] In some embodiments, the antenna servo system further has a transmit channel, and the antenna servo system also has a power feeding transmission line; the transmit channel of the antenna servo system, the up-conversion power amplifier, and the power feeding transmission line of the antenna servo system constitute the radio frequency uplink channel.

[0062] Among them, the radio frequency uplink channel receives the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module, performs up-conversion, power amplification, and power combination to obtain the V-band signal of the uplink data, including: the up-conversion power amplifier is configured to receive the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module, up-convert the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data to the V-band intermediate frequency signal, and then mix the V-band intermediate frequency signal with a preset high-frequency local oscillator signal to obtain the mixed V-band signal; then filter the mixed V-band signal to obtain the V-band signal of the uplink data.

[0063] Specifically, the ground gateway station specifically includes: an antenna servo system, a low-noise amplifier, an up-conversion power amplifier, and a baseband module; the antenna servo system has a receive channel and a transmit channel, and the antenna servo system also has a power feeding receive line and a power feeding transmission line; among them, the receive channel of the antenna servo system, the low-noise amplifier, and the power feeding receive line of the antenna servo system constitute the radio frequency downlink channel; the transmit channel of the antenna servo system, the up-conversion power amplifier, and the power feeding transmission line of the antenna servo system constitute the radio frequency uplink channel.

[0064] The antenna servo system includes: an antenna, a feeder, a servo system (such as a servo drive part), and a receiver (such as a control unit). AsFigure 2 As shown in Figure 2 , a system of a broadband QV-band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency includes: a QV-band feed, a block up-converter (BUC), a low noise block (LNB), a servo drive part, a baseband module, and a control unit. Among them, the control unit is respectively connected to the baseband module and the servo drive part. The baseband module is bidirectionally connected to the BUC C / V through the C-band, and the BUC C / V is connected to the QV-band feed; the QV-band feed is connected to the LNB; the LNB is connected to the baseband module through the C-band. The servo drive part is connected to the QV-band feed.

[0065] In some embodiments, the antenna feed system receives the V-band signal of the uplink data output by the radio frequency uplink channel, converts it into an electromagnetic signal and radiates it into space for the satellite to receive, including: receiving the V-band signal of the uplink data output by the radio frequency uplink channel through the transmitting channel of the antenna feed system; after converting the V-band signal of the uplink data into an electromagnetic signal, radiating it into space through the feed transmission line of the antenna feed system for the satellite to receive.

[0066] The uplink channel is specifically described below 。

[0067] The ground gateway station in a modern satellite communication system is not only responsible for the reception, processing and transmission of downlink data, but also undertakes the tasks of generating and sending uplink data. The implementation of the uplink channel of a broadband QV-band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency is equally important and crucial, directly affecting the performance and reliability of the entire system. As Figure 2 shown in Figure 2 , the uplink channel of a broadband QV-band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency mainly consists of a feed baseband transmission part, a block up-converter (BUC), the transmitting channel of the antenna feed system, etc. The main task of the uplink channel is to complete the encoding and modulation of uplink data, digital-to-analog conversion, filtering and up-conversion, gain adjustment, filtering and amplification, and convert it into an electromagnetic signal and radiate it into space. The working process of the uplink channel of a broadband QV-band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency is as follows: Step 21, baseband module processing.

[0068] The baseband module completes the baseband module signal processing for measurement and control tracking and feed transmission, including: Coding and Modulation: First, the feeder baseband module performs coding processing on the uplink data. Channel coding, such as forward error correction coding (FEC), includes convolutional coding, Turbo coding, or LDPC coding on the original transmitted data, etc., to increase the robustness and reliability of data transmission. The coded data stream will have a higher redundancy and can more effectively correct possible errors during transmission at the receiving end. The coded data stream is then subjected to digital modulation processing to convert it into a radio frequency signal suitable for transmission. Common modulation methods include QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying), 8PSK (Eight-Phase Shift Keying), 16QAM (16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The choice of modulation method depends on system definition, transmission rate, bandwidth utilization, and the channel, etc.

[0069] Among them, Turbo coding is an efficient error correction coding technology, mainly used in scenarios such as wireless communication and deep space communication that require highly reliable transmission; Turbo coding combines two or more convolutional codes and uses an interleaver to interleave the input data, thus introducing more randomness in the coded data and improving the anti-interference ability. LDPC coding (Low-Density Parity-Check Code) is a forward error correction code and belongs to a type of linear block code; LDPC codes implement the encoding and decoding processes by using a sparse parity-check matrix, have high error correction ability and low complexity, and are therefore widely used in fields such as wireless communication, storage systems, and satellite communication.

[0070] Digital Filtering and Upconversion: The modulated digital signal needs to be processed by a digital filter to remove unnecessary frequency components and prevent out-of-band interference of the signal. The design of the digital filter usually considers parameters such as passband flatness, stopband attenuation, and transition band width to ensure the purity of the signal. Digital upconversion: The digital upconverter upconverts the signal from the modulated baseband module to the C-band intermediate frequency (usually 500 MHz to 1 GHz). This process is achieved through mixing technology, that is, mixing the baseband module signal with an intermediate frequency carrier signal to generate the required intermediate frequency signal.

[0071] Digital-to-Analog Conversion: The upconverted intermediate frequency signal is converted into an analog signal through a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). It is designed with parameters such as resolution, sampling rate, and linearity to ensure the quality of the converted analog signal.

[0072] Filtering, Amplification, and Frequency Conversion: After being converted by the DAC, the upconverted digital intermediate frequency signal is further filtered by an analog filter to remove out-of-band noise and spurious signals. The filtered signal is amplified and frequency-converted to the intermediate frequency C-band and output to the BUC.

[0073] Step 22, Frequency Conversion and High-Power Amplification.

[0074] The BUC completes functions such as up-conversion, power amplification, and power combination. The BUC receives the input C-band intermediate frequency signal and up-converts the C-band intermediate frequency signal to the V-band (about 40 GHz to 50 GHz). The intermediate frequency signal is mixed with a high-frequency local oscillator signal to generate the required V-band signal, and the unnecessary frequency components of the mixed signal are filtered out by a band-pass filter.

[0075] The up-converted V-band signal is evenly distributed to multiple high-power amplifiers (HPAs) through a power divider, and then the output signals of multiple HPAs are combined into a high-power signal through a power combiner. A matching network is used to ensure impedance matching between components and improve transmission efficiency. The amplified V-band signal is transmitted to the antenna feed system through a waveguide feeder.

[0076] Step 23, antenna radiation.

[0077] The antenna feed system receives the high-power V-band (about 40 GHz to 50 GHz) signal from the BUC, and through filtering, polarization generation, etc., finally converts the electrical signal into an electromagnetic wave signal, and concentrates the power of the electromagnetic wave signal in a narrow direction and efficiently radiates it into space, and suppresses interference in other directions. The electromagnetic signal is radiated through space along the specified direction to the satellite receiver, thus realizing the uplink feeding function of the high-speed data of the gateway station.

[0078] Adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, through the broadband QV-band gateway station based on the C-band intermediate frequency composed of the antenna feed system, the radio frequency up and down channels, and the baseband module, the communication of the downlink channel and the communication of the uplink channel are realized, so as to realize at least the ability to support a larger signal bandwidth and a higher transmission rate, and solve the problem of limited high-speed transmission bandwidth of the gateway station. And, the C-band has a relatively high frequency and has better interference suppression ability, improving the problem of anti-interference ability and solving the problem of weak interference suppression ability. And, in the solution of the present invention, the rectangular coefficient of the C-band image frequency filter is relatively high, which can reduce the requirements for the filter and reduce the volume, weight and cost of the equipment.

[0079] According to the second embodiment of the present invention, a satellite communication system corresponding to a ground gateway station is provided, including: the ground gateway station described above.

[0080] Since the processing and functions realized by the satellite communication system of this embodiment are basically corresponding to the embodiments, principles and examples of the foregoing ground gateway station, for the details not described in the description of this embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions in the foregoing embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0081] According to the third embodiment of the present invention, a communication method of a ground gateway station corresponding to the ground gateway station is further provided, such asFigure 3 Flow schematic diagram of an embodiment of the method of the present invention. The communication method of the ground gateway station may include: step S110 to step S160.

[0082] At step S110, collect satellite signals from the satellite through the antenna servo-feed system; the satellite signals include: Q-band electromagnetic signals.

[0083] At step S120, receive the Q-band electromagnetic signals collected by the antenna servo-feed system through the RF downlink channel as downlink data; after performing low-noise amplification and frequency conversion on the downlink data, output the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the downlink data to the baseband module.

[0084] At step S130, receive the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the downlink data output by the RF downlink channel through the baseband module, perform TT&C tracking and power supply reception processing to obtain a data stream; and transmit the data stream to the ground network (such as the ground core network) to realize communication between the satellite signal and the ground network, so as to realize the downlink power supply function of the downlink data of the ground gateway station.

[0085] At step S140, also receive the uplink data transmitted by the ground network through the baseband module, perform TT&C tracking and power supply transmission processing on the uplink data to obtain the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the uplink data.

[0086] At step S150, receive the C-band intermediate-frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module through the RF uplink channel, perform up-conversion, power amplification and power combination to obtain the V-band signal of the uplink data.

[0087] At step S160, also receive the V-band signal of the uplink data output by the RF uplink channel through the antenna servo-feed system, convert it into an electromagnetic signal and radiate it into space for the satellite to receive, so as to realize the uplink power supply function of the uplink data of the ground gateway station.

[0088] A broadband QV-band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency provided by the solution of the present invention is composed of an antenna servo-feed system, RF up and downlink channels, and a baseband module. In the solution of the present invention, the design of the broadband QV-band gateway station based on C-band intermediate frequency replaces the traditional low-intermediate frequency design to support a larger signal bandwidth and higher transmission rate, and solves the problem of limited high-speed transmission bandwidth of the gateway station. And, in the solution of the present invention, since the C-band has a higher frequency, it has better interference suppression ability, improves the problem of anti-interference ability, and solves the problem of weak interference suppression ability.

[0089] Since the processing and functions implemented by the method of this embodiment are basically corresponding to the foregoing embodiments, principles and examples of the ground gateway station, for the details not described in the description of this embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be elaborated herein.

[0090] In summary, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, on the premise of no conflict, the above advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0091] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ground gateway, characterized in that: include: Antenna feed system, RF downlink channel, RF uplink channel and baseband module; among which, The antenna feed system is used to collect satellite signals from satellites; the satellite signals include: Q-band electromagnetic signals; The RF downlink channel is used to receive the Q-band electromagnetic signal collected by the antenna feed system as downlink data; after low-noise amplification and frequency conversion of the downlink data, output the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data to the baseband module; The baseband module is used to receive the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data output by the radio frequency downlink channel, perform measurement and control tracking and feed reception processing to obtain a data stream; and transmit the data stream to the ground network to realize the communication between the satellite signal and the ground network, so as to realize the downlink feeding function of the downlink data of the ground gateway; The baseband module is further used to receive uplink data transmitted by the ground network, perform measurement and control tracking and feed transmission processing on the uplink data, and obtain a C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data; The RF uplink channel is used to receive the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module, and obtain the V-band signal of the uplink data after up-conversion, power amplification and power synthesis; The antenna feed system is also used to receive the V-band signal of the uplink data output by the RF uplink channel, convert it into an electromagnetic signal and radiate it into space so that the satellite can receive it, so as to realize the uplink feeding function of the uplink data of the ground gateway.

2. The ground gateway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna feed system has a receiving channel, and the antenna feed system also has a feeding receiving line; the receiving channel of the antenna feed system, the low noise amplifier, and the feeding receiving line of the antenna feed system constitute the RF downlink channel; wherein, The RF downlink channel receives the Q-band electromagnetic signal collected by the antenna feed system as downlink data; after low-noise amplification and frequency conversion of the downlink data, outputs the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data to the baseband module, including: The receiving channel of the antenna servo feed system is used to receive the Q-band electromagnetic signal collected by the antenna servo feed system as downlink data; convert the downlink data into an electrical signal to obtain the Q-band signal of the downlink data; and transmit it to the low-noise amplifier through the feed receiving line of the antenna servo feed system; The low noise amplifier is used to amplify the Q-band signal of the downlink data, filter out the signal of the set frequency component, and perform gain adjustment and further filtering to obtain the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data and transmit it to the baseband module.

3. The ground gateway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of receiving channels of the antenna feed system is two, and the number of the low-noise amplifiers is two; one low-noise amplifier is arranged in a corresponding receiving channel of the antenna feed system.

4. The ground gateway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The low noise amplifier has an amplifying circuit and a band pass filter; the band pass filter includes at least one stage of image frequency filter.

5. The ground gateway according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The baseband module receives the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data output by the radio frequency downlink channel, performs measurement and control tracking and feed reception processing, and obtains a data stream, including: Receive the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data output by the RF downlink channel, filter out noise and interference, enhance the signal strength, and convert it into a digital signal; demodulate based on the digital signal to restore the original downlink data as the required data stream.

6. The ground gateway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baseband module receives the uplink data transmitted by the ground network, performs measurement, control, tracking and feed transmission processing on the uplink data, and obtains a C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data, including: Receive the uplink data transmitted by the ground network, perform encoding processing and digital adjustment processing in sequence to obtain the radio frequency signal required for transmission; perform digital filtering processing on the radio frequency signal, perform digital-to-analog conversion and analog-to-digital conversion processing, and then further filter and amplify the frequency to obtain the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data.

7. The ground gateway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna feed system also has a transmission channel, and the antenna feed system also has a feed transmission line; the transmission channel of the antenna feed system, the up-conversion power amplifier, and the feed transmission line of the antenna feed system constitute the radio frequency uplink channel; wherein, The RF uplink channel receives the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module, performs up-conversion, power amplification and power synthesis, and obtains the V-band signal of the uplink data, including: The up-conversion power amplifier is used to receive the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module, up-convert the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data to a V-band intermediate frequency signal, and then mix the V-band intermediate frequency signal with a preset high-frequency local oscillator signal to obtain a V-band signal generated by the mixing; thereafter, the V-band signal generated by the mixing is filtered to obtain the V-band signal of the uplink data.

8. The ground gateway according to any one of claims 1, 6 and 7, characterized in that: The antenna feed system receives the V-band signal of the uplink data output by the radio frequency uplink channel, converts it into an electromagnetic signal and radiates it into space so that the satellite can receive it, including: The V-band signal of the uplink data output by the RF uplink channel is received through the transmitting channel of the antenna feed system; after converting the V-band signal of the uplink data into an electromagnetic signal, it is radiated into space through the feeding transmission line of the antenna feed system so that the satellite can receive it.

9. A satellite communication system, characterized in that: include: A ground gateway as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A communication method for a ground gateway as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Collecting satellite signals from satellites through the antenna feed system; The satellite signal includes: a Q-band electromagnetic signal; Receiving the Q-band electromagnetic signal collected by the antenna feed system as downlink data through the RF downlink channel; after low-noise amplification and frequency conversion of the downlink data, outputting the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data to the baseband module; The baseband module receives the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the downlink data output by the radio frequency downlink channel, performs measurement, control, tracking and feed reception processing to obtain a data stream; and transmits the data stream to the ground network to realize the communication between the satellite signal and the ground network, so as to realize the downlink feeding function of the downlink data of the ground gateway; The baseband module also receives uplink data transmitted by the ground network, performs measurement, control, tracking and feed transmission processing on the uplink data, and obtains a C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data; Receiving the C-band intermediate frequency signal of the uplink data generated by the baseband module through the RF uplink channel, performing up-conversion, power amplification and power synthesis to obtain the V-band signal of the uplink data; The antenna feed system also receives the V-band signal of the uplink data output by the RF uplink channel, converts it into an electromagnetic signal and radiates it into space for reception by the satellite, thereby realizing the uplink feeding function of the uplink data of the ground gateway.

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