Battery pack with improved safety

Abstract

A battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a cell module assembly including a cell stack in which a plurality of cells are stacked; a pack case configured to receive the cell module assembly and including an exhaust port on at least one surface thereof; and an outer cover configured to cover the at least one surface of the pack case and disposed to be spaced apart from an outer surface of the pack case by a predetermined distance, in which an exhaust passage is formed in a space between the pack case and the outer cover, exhaust gas generated at the time of a thermal event of the battery cells moves through the exhaust passage, and the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside through an open space formed in at least one end of the outer cover between the pack case and the outer cover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0179751 filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on December 20, 2022, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0003] The present disclosure relates to a battery pack, and more particularly, to a battery pack and the like configured to ensure safety even when a thermal event occurs. Background Art

[0004] Currently, commercially available secondary batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium secondary batteries, etc. Among them, lithium secondary batteries have attracted attention because, for example, they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based secondary batteries, and can therefore be freely charged and discharged, and have the advantages of very low self-discharge rate and high energy density.

[0005] Lithium secondary batteries generally use lithium-based oxides and carbon materials as positive electrode active materials and negative electrode active materials, respectively. Lithium secondary batteries include: an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate coated with positive electrode active materials and negative electrode active materials, respectively, are arranged with a separator interposed therebetween; and an external material or battery case that seals and contains the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte.

[0006] According to the shape of the external material, generally, lithium secondary batteries can be divided into a can type secondary battery in which an electrode assembly is introduced into a metal can and a pouch type battery in which the electrode assembly is introduced into a pouch of an aluminum laminate sheet.

[0007] Such secondary batteries are widely used not only in small devices such as portable electronic devices, but also in medium and large devices such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems (ESS), and their frequency of use is rapidly increasing. In addition, recently, the trend of using household battery packs to store electricity is increasing.

[0008] Various battery packs including such household battery packs include a plurality of battery cells (secondary batteries) to increase capacity and / or output. In particular, in order to increase the energy density of the battery pack, a plurality of battery cells are generally densely arranged in a very narrow space.

[0009] In such a battery pack construction, one of the generally important issues is safety. In particular, if a thermal event occurs in any one of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack, such an event must be prevented from propagating to other battery cells. If the heat propagation between the battery cells is not properly suppressed, this may lead to thermal events in the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack, which may lead to problems such as fire or explosion of the battery pack. In addition, a fire or explosion occurring in the battery pack may cause great damage to human life or property in the surrounding area. In particular, in the case of a household battery pack, if a fire or explosion occurs, the safety of people living in the house will be compromised, and the fire may spread to the house and cause great damage. Summary of the invention

[0010] [Technical issues]

[0011] Therefore, the present disclosure has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery pack or the like whose structure is improved to appropriately control a thermal event that has occurred inside the battery pack.

[0012] However, the technical problems to be solved by the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the above problems, and those skilled in the art can clearly understand other problems not mentioned herein through the following description.

[0013] [Technical solution]

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a battery pack is provided, which includes: a single cell module assembly, the single cell module assembly including a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked; a battery pack case, the battery pack case being configured to accommodate the single cell module assembly and including an exhaust port on at least one surface; and an outer cover, the outer cover covering at least one surface of the battery pack case and being arranged to be spaced a specified distance from an outer surface of the battery pack case, wherein an exhaust flow path is formed in a space between the battery pack case and the outer cover, exhaust gas generated during a thermal event of the battery cell moves through the exhaust flow path, and wherein the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside through an open space between the outer cover and the battery pack case formed on at least one end of the outer cover.

[0015] The pack case may include at least one partition wall protruding from an outer surface of the pack case toward the outer cover so as to increase a path along which the exhaust gas moves.

[0016] The partition wall may include a first partition wall having a shape extending in a length direction or a width direction of the battery pack case.

[0017] The partition wall includes a second partition wall having a shape extending in a height direction of the battery pack case, and the first partition wall and the second partition wall may intersect each other.

[0018] The outer cover may include at least one partition wall protruding from an inner surface of the outer cover toward the pack case so as to increase a path along which the exhaust gas moves.

[0019] The partition wall may include a first partition wall having a shape extending in a length direction or a width direction of the outer cover.

[0020] The partition wall includes a second partition wall having a shape extending in a height direction of the outer cover, and the first partition wall and the second partition wall may intersect each other.

[0021] The pack case further includes a spacer that protrudes from an outer surface of the pack case and contacts the outer cover, and a distance that the spacer protrudes is greater than a distance that the partition wall protrudes.

[0022] The pack case includes at least one exhaust port on a front surface and both side surfaces, and the outer cover may cover the front surface and the both side surfaces of the pack case, respectively.

[0023] The outer cover includes an eaves portion covering the open space between the battery pack case and the outer cover, and the eaves portion may include a plurality of exhaust holes arranged along the eaves portion.

[0024] The battery pack further includes a fastening member connecting the pack case and the outer cover to each other, wherein the fastening member may include a female fastening member and a male fastening member.

[0025] The battery pack is provided in a plurality, and the plurality of battery packs may be mechanically or electrically connected to each other.

[0026] The plurality of battery packs can be stacked in an up-and-down direction.

[0027] The height of the outer cover may be smaller than that of the pack case so that each of the plurality of battery packs has an open space between the pack case and the outer cover.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an energy storage system is provided, wherein the energy storage system comprises one or more of the above-mentioned battery packs according to the present disclosure.

[0029] [Beneficial Effects]

[0030] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a battery pack having improved electrical connectivity may be provided.

[0031] In particular, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, even if a thermal event occurs inside a battery pack, such a thermal event can be quickly controlled.

[0032] In particular, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, even if a thermal event occurs inside a battery pack, a flame generated in the battery pack will not be discharged to the outside of the battery pack and may be naturally extinguished inside the battery pack.

[0033] Furthermore, if a problem such as thermal runaway or fire occurs in some of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack, such a problem can be effectively prevented from being transferred to other modules.

[0034] Furthermore, according to an aspect of the present invention, a battery pack having a simple structure and enhanced thermal safety can be provided.

[0035] In particular, according to one embodiment configuration of the present disclosure, there is no need to add a new component for injecting a fire extinguishing agent, so that a battery pack having excellent manufacturability and economic efficiency can be provided.

[0036] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present disclosure, products having various voltage bands and / or storage capacities may be provided by stacking the same type of battery packs stacked in plural numbers.

[0037] In addition, some other additional effects can be achieved through various embodiments of the present disclosure. Various effects obtainable from the present disclosure will be described in detail in each embodiment, or descriptions of effects that are easily understood by those skilled in the art will be omitted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, and together with the following description, are used to provide a further understanding of the technical spirit of the present disclosure. However, the present disclosure should not be construed as being limited to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 2 It is schematically shown from Figure 1 Diagram of the structure of the battery pack discharging the fire extinguishing agent.

[0041] Figure 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 4 is along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view taken along line A4-A4'.

[0043] Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 6 is included in Figure 5 A perspective view of a cell module assembly in a battery pack.

[0045] Figure 7 is included in Figure 5 A perspective view of a blocking member in a battery pack.

[0046] Figure 8 is included in Figure 5 A perspective view of a battery pack housing in a battery pack.

[0047] Fig. 9 is included in Figure 5 A perspective view of the outer cover of a battery pack.

[0048] Fig.10 is a perspective view of a state in which an outer cover is coupled to a battery pack case.

[0049] Fig.11 Shown along Fig.10 A cross section taken along line A6-A6' in FIG.

[0050] Fig.12 and Fig.13 They are shown respectively Fig.10 Details of the exhaust flow in the .

[0051] Fig.14 It is shown Figure 8 A diagram showing a condition in which a single cell module assembly is housed in a battery pack case.

[0052] Fig.15 is included in Figure 5 A perspective view of a fire extinguisher tank in a battery pack.

[0053] Fig.16 yes Fig.15 Perspective cross-sectional view of a fire extinguisher tank.

[0054] Fig.17 It is a reference Figures 5 to 16 A perspective view of a battery pack in which all constituent elements of the above-described battery pack are coupled to each other.

[0055] Fig.18 It is schematically shown Figures 1 to 17 A perspective view of a battery pack.

[0056] Fig.19 and Fig. 20 It is shown Fig.18 The diagrams show embodiments in which battery pack housings are stacked in different numbers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Below, the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Before the description, it should be understood that the terms and words used in the specification and the appended claims should not be interpreted as limited to the general and dictionary meanings, but are interpreted as having meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical aspects of the present disclosure based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concepts of terms and words in order to best describe his / her own invention as possible.

[0058] Therefore, the descriptions presented herein are merely preferred examples for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, as it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other equivalents and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0059] For clarity, descriptions of parts not relevant to the description will be omitted, and the same reference numerals will be used throughout the description to denote the same or similar elements.

[0060] In addition, in the drawings, for the convenience of description, the size and thickness of each element are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to those shown in the drawings. In the drawings, for the sake of clarity, the thickness of layers, regions, etc. are exaggerated. In the drawings, for the convenience of description, the thickness of parts and regions is exaggerated.

[0061] Furthermore, it should be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or plate is referred to as being "on" or "over" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or intervening elements may also be present. Conversely, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, this means that there are no other intervening elements. Furthermore, a particular portion being "above" or "on" a reference portion means that the particular portion is above or below the reference portion, and does not specifically mean that the particular portion is "above" or "on" in a direction opposite to gravity.

[0062] Furthermore, throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as “including” or “comprising” a certain component, it means that the part may further include other components, without excluding the other components, unless otherwise specified.

[0063] Furthermore, throughout the specification, when referred to as a “plane”, this means when the target portion is viewed from the upper side, and when referred to as a “cross section”, this means when the target portion is viewed from one side of a vertically cut cross section.

[0064] Figure 1is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] refer to Figure 1 , a battery pack according to the present disclosure includes a cell module assembly 100 , a battery pack case 300 , and a fire extinguishing tank 400 .

[0066] The cell module assembly 100 may include one or more battery cells 110. Here, each battery cell 110 may represent a secondary battery. The secondary battery may include an electrode assembly, an electrolyte, and a battery case. In particular, the battery cell 110 provided in the cell module assembly 100 may be a pouch-type secondary battery. However, other forms of secondary batteries, such as cylindrical batteries or prismatic batteries, may also be used in the cell module assembly 100 of the present disclosure.

[0067] A plurality of secondary batteries may form a cell module assembly 100 in a shape stacked on each other. That is, a battery cell stack may form the cell module assembly 100. For example, the plurality of battery cells 110 may be stacked in such a manner that they are arranged in a horizontal direction (X-axis direction in the figure) while standing upright in an up-and-down direction (Z-axis direction in the figure). Each battery cell 110 may be provided with an electrode lead, wherein the electrode lead may be located at both ends, or may be located at one end of each battery cell 110. A secondary battery in which electrode leads protrude in two directions may be referred to as a bidirectional cell, and a secondary battery in which electrode leads protrude in one direction may be referred to as a unidirectional cell. In Figure 1 However, the present disclosure is not limited to a specific type or form of secondary batteries, and various forms of secondary batteries known at the time of filing this application may be used for the cell module assembly 100 of the present disclosure.

[0068] The battery pack case 300 may be configured to have an empty space formed therein and to accommodate the cell module assembly 100 in the internal space. For example, the battery pack case 300 may be configured as follows Figure 1 The box-shaped battery case 300 may be integrally molded, or may be made by coupling at least one surface with an adjacent surface.

[0069] The fire extinguishing tank 400 can hold a fire extinguishing agent. In particular, the fire extinguishing tank 400 includes an inner space and can hold the fire extinguishing agent in the inner space. For example, the fire extinguishing tank 400 may include a lower tank 410 and an upper cover 420, such as Figure 1 Here, the lower tank 410 is configured in the form of a box with an opened upper portion, and a space in which a fire extinguishing agent can be held can be provided. In addition, the upper cover 420 can be configured to cover the upper opening portion of the lower tank 410 and seal the fire extinguishing agent holding space of the lower tank 410.

[0070] The fire extinguishing tank 400 may be accommodated inside the pack case 300. In particular, the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be arranged at an upper side of the cell module assembly 100 in the inner space of the pack case 300.

[0071] According to such an embodiment configuration of the present disclosure, the fire extinguishing agent is discharged from the fire extinguishing tank 400 located at the upper side of the cell module assembly 100, so that it is easier to control the thermal event of the cell module assembly 100. In particular, the fire extinguishing agent discharged from the fire extinguishing tank 400 can easily move downward by gravity. Therefore, it is easier to perform heat or fire suppression of the cell module assembly 100 using the fire extinguishing agent.

[0072] In particular, when the cell module assembly 100 is provided with a plurality of battery cells 110 arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, that is, in the left-right direction (X-axis direction), as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, if the fire extinguishing agent is discharged from the fire extinguishing tank 400 located at the upper portion, the fire extinguishing agent can be easily supplied to all the battery cells 110. Therefore, according to such an embodiment configuration, thermal event suppression of the entire cell module assembly 100 can be more effectively performed.

[0073] The fire extinguishing tank 400 may be configured to discharge a fire extinguishing agent toward the cell module assembly 100 when heat is applied from the cell module assembly 100. Figure 2 Describe in more detail.

[0074] Figure 2 It is schematically shown from Figure 1 Diagram of the structure of the battery pack discharging the fire extinguishing agent.

[0075] refer to Figure 2 , the fire extinguishing tank 400 is located at the upper part of the cell module assembly 100. A thermal event (such as overheating, fire, or thermal runaway) may occur in a specific battery cell 110, such as a portion indicated by A1 in a plurality of battery modules stacked in the left-right direction (e.g., the X-axis direction in the figure). In this case, the heat generated in the corresponding battery cell 110 may be applied to the fire extinguishing tank 400, such as Figure 2 Then, the fire extinguishing agent can be discharged from the fire extinguishing tank 400, as shown by arrow A3.

[0076] In particular, the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be configured to be at least partially melted by heat applied from the cell module assembly 100. Figure 2 In the configuration of the fire extinguishing tank 400, the portion indicated as A2 can be melted by heat. Then, the fire extinguishing agent can be discharged through the portion melted in this way, as shown by arrow A3.

[0077] For this purpose, the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be composed of a material that can be at least partially melted by heat applied from the single module assembly 100. For example, the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be completely composed of a plastic material. In particular, the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be composed in the form of a plastic injection material.

[0078] In addition, the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be configured to melt by exhaust gas or heat ejected from the battery cell 110. For example, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 110 and exhaust gas is ejected, the exhaust gas may be in a high temperature state of a specific temperature or higher. The fire extinguishing tank 400 may be composed of a material and / or form that can be melted by high-temperature exhaust gas. Alternatively, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 110, the temperature of the battery cell 110 may be higher than normal even without exhaust gas ejection. The fire extinguishing tank 400 may be composed of a material and / or form that can be melted by heat applied from the battery cell 110 in such an abnormally high temperature state.

[0079] In particular, the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be configured so that the substrate 411 is melted by the high temperature heat and / or gas generated in the event of the battery cell 110. In this case, the fire extinguishing agent may flow into the bottom melting section of the fire extinguishing tank 400 and be discharged downward. Therefore, the fire extinguishing agent may be quickly injected into the cell module assembly 100.

[0080] According to such an embodiment configuration of the present disclosure, the fire extinguishing agent is injected in a manner that the injection material is melted, thereby effectively suppressing a thermal event inside the battery pack and also minimizing the propagation of the thermal event between the battery cells 110 .

[0081] The fire extinguishing tank 400 can hold a liquid fire extinguishing agent. In this case, the fire extinguishing agent can be referred to as a fire extinguishing liquid. For example, the fire extinguishing tank 400 can hold water or other cooling liquids as a fire extinguishing agent. In addition, the fire extinguishing tank 400 can hold an antifreeze agent as a fire extinguishing agent. In particular, when the battery pack is used in a low temperature season such as winter or in a low temperature area such as the polar regions, the fire extinguishing tank 400 can hold an antifreeze agent as a fire extinguishing agent, and the antifreeze agent is not easily frozen even at low temperatures. In addition, in the case of a household battery pack, since it may be located outdoors, an antifreeze agent can be provided as a fire extinguishing agent.

[0082] The fire extinguishing tank 400 may be configured such that the thickness of the base plate 411 varies depending on its position. Figure 3 and Figure 4 Describe in more detail.

[0083] Figure 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 In the figure, some components are shown transparently for convenience of explanation. Figure 4 It is along Figure 3 Regarding various embodiments included in this specification, including this embodiment, detailed description of parts that may be the same as or similar to parts described in other embodiments will be omitted, and parts where there are differences will be mainly described.

[0084] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the fire extinguishing tank 400 may include a base plate 411 and a side wall 412. Here, the side wall 412 may be configured to protrude upward from the edge of the base plate 411. Further, the lower portion and the side portion of the fire extinguishing tank 400 are limited by the base plate 411 and the side wall 412, thereby forming a space capable of holding the fire extinguishing agent. At this time, the upper portion of the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be sealed by the battery pack housing 300. That is, as Figure 4 As shown, the battery pack housing 300 includes a lower housing 300a and an upper housing 300b, and the upper portion of the fire extinguishing tank 400 is covered by the upper housing 300b so that the fire extinguishing agent can be retained inside the fire extinguishing tank 400. Alternatively, the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be configured to include an upper cover 420 to seal the upper portion of the fire extinguishing agent holding space, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0085] In this way, in the configuration of the fire extinguishing tank 400 provided with the base plate 411, the base plate 411 can be formed to have different thicknesses for each portion. In particular, the fire extinguishing tank 400 can be configured to have different thicknesses for each portion such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 The portion indicated by 411a has a thin thickness. For example, the base plate 411 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 is entirely constructed in the form of a plastic injection material having a thickness of 1 mm, and the portion indicated by 411a may be constructed to have a thickness of 0.5 mm.

[0086] In particular, a thinly formed portion of the base plate 411 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be used as the fragile portion 411a. That is, when the temperature in the cell module assembly 100 rises, such a fragile portion 411a may be damaged first. In addition, if the fragile portion 411a is damaged, the fire extinguishing agent held inside the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be discharged toward the cell module assembly 100 via the fragile portion 411a.

[0087] The fragile portion 411a can be set in multiple numbers. For example, the fragile portion 411a can have a shape with a narrow width and a long length. That is, it can have a linear shape and can be arranged in parallel with one edge of the fire extinguishing tank 400, and the fragile portions 411a can be arranged in parallel with each other. According to the above-mentioned embodiment configuration, if exhaust, fire, etc. occur due to thermal runaway on the side of the single module assembly 100, there is no need to provide a separate structure for injecting a fire extinguishing agent such as cooling water. Therefore, the configuration of injecting a fire extinguishing agent inside the battery pack can be implemented with a simple structure. In addition, in this configuration, when an incident occurs, the fire extinguishing agent can be discharged through the fragile portion 411a formed with a thin thickness, and therefore, the portion from which the fire extinguishing agent is discharged can be pre-specified.

[0088] In the above embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of fragile portions 411a may be provided in one fire extinguishing tank 400. In addition, the plurality of fragile portions 411a may be arranged on the substrate 411 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 while being spaced apart by a prescribed distance along the stacking direction of the cell module assembly 100. For example, in the cell module assembly 100, a plurality of battery cells 110 may be stacked in the left-right direction (X-axis direction), and in the substrate 411 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 located at the upper portion of the cell module assembly 100, a plurality of fragile portions may also be arranged spaced apart from each other in the left-right direction.

[0089] In particular, the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be configured such that the fragile portion 411 a having a relatively thin thickness is located in a central portion between battery cells stacked in a horizontal direction.

[0090] For example, in Figure 4 In the configuration, B1 and B2 as two battery cells 110 are arranged adjacent to each other in the left-right direction in the left portion of the cell module assembly 100. At this time, the fragile portion 411a located on the far left among the several fragile portions 411a may be arranged between B1 and B2 in the left-right direction. That is, the fragile portion 411a may be located at the upper portion of B1 and B2 in the up-down direction (Z-axis direction), but may be located between B1 and B2 in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction). In addition, the battery cells 110 other than B1 and B2 may also be configured so that one fragile portion 411a is located in the space between the corresponding two adjacent battery cells 110 in the horizontal direction.

[0091] According to such an embodiment configuration of the present disclosure, when a thermal event occurs in a specific battery cell 110 and heat is applied to the fragile portion 411a located at the upper portion, the fragile portion 411a may be damaged. Also, the fire extinguishing agent is discharged through the damaged fragile portion 411a, and the fire extinguishing agent may flow into the space between the adjacent battery cells 110, such as Figure 4 As indicated by the arrow in .

[0092] Therefore, according to such an embodiment configuration, it is possible to more effectively prevent thermal events from being transmitted between battery cells 110. In addition, according to the embodiment configuration of the present disclosure, a fire extinguishing agent can be centrally injected around a battery cell 110 where a thermal event such as overheating or fire has occurred, so that a more effective cooling and fire extinguishing operation can be performed. Therefore, according to the above-mentioned embodiment configuration, when a fire or the like occurs inside the battery, a fire extinguishing agent can be injected at the right time and the right place without any other components except the fire extinguishing tank 400.

[0093] Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0094] refer to Figure 5 , the battery pack includes a cell module assembly 100 , a blocking member 200 , a battery pack case 300 , a fire extinguishing tank 400 , an outer cover 500 , and an electrical connection unit 600 .

[0095] Also in Figure 5 In the embodiment, the cell module assembly 100 may be configured such that a plurality of battery cells 110 (see Figure 1 ) are stacked in a shape that stands upright in the up-down direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction in the figure) and is arranged in the horizontal direction (e.g., the X-axis direction in the figure). At this time, the longitudinal direction of the battery cell 110 is, for example, the Y-axis direction in the figure. For ease of understanding, Figure 5 Illustration of the battery cell 110 is omitted in FIG. When the battery cell 110 is, for example, a pouch-type battery cell or a prismatic battery cell, the battery cell 110 is arranged side by side (in parallel) with the blocking member 200 .

[0096] Figure 6 is included in Figure 5 1 is a perspective view of a cell module assembly 100 in a battery pack.

[0097] For reference, in order to more clearly illustrate the components included in the single module assembly 100, Figure 6 The remaining components are shown except for the plurality of battery cells 110. The plurality of battery cells 110 may be general pouch-type battery cells or prismatic battery cells.

[0098] refer to Figure 6 A pair of bus bar housings 130 are arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the stack of the plurality of battery cells 110. Each of the bus bar housings 130 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the battery cells 110 (eg, the X-axis direction in the drawing).

[0099] A pair of end plates 120 are respectively disposed at both side ends of the stack of the plurality of battery cells 110. The end plates 120 are arranged in parallel with the battery cells 110. The pair of end plates 120 are connected to a pair of bus bar housings 130, respectively.

[0100] Each of the upper and lower sides between the pair of end plates 120 may include at least one strip 140 connected between the pair of end plates 120. The strip 140 strengthens the bonding of the cell module assembly 100. More specifically, it strengthens the bonding between the pair of end plates 120 and the stack of the plurality of battery cells 110 arranged therebetween. Thus, the alignment of the stack of the plurality of battery cells 110 can be prevented from being disturbed.

[0101] In addition, since the description of the single module assembly 100 is similar to Figure 1 The descriptions in overlap, so refer to the above description of Figure 1 Those described.

[0102] At the same time, if Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of battery cells 110 may be grouped into a predetermined number and accommodated. Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the blocking member 200 is disposed between one group of the plurality of battery cells 110 (predetermined number) and an adjacent group of the plurality of battery cells 110 (predetermined number).

[0103] Figure 7 is included in Figure 5 1 is a perspective view of a blocking member 200 in a battery pack of FIG. The blocking member 200 may be configured to be interposed between adjacent battery cells 110 to block heat. For example, when a thermal event occurs in some of the battery cells 110 and heat or high-temperature exhaust gas is generated, the generated heat or gas may be suppressed or blocked by the blocking member 200 and not transferred to the adjacent battery cells 110. In addition, the blocking member 200 may play a role in blocking flames or sparks emitted from a specific battery cell 110.

[0104] The blocking member 200 has a generally plate-like shape. The blocking member 200 may be configured in a plate shape standing upright in the up-down direction. In addition, the height of the blocking member 200 may be the same as or similar to the height of the battery cell 110 standing upright in the up-down direction. The height of the blocking member 200 may be smaller or larger than the height of the battery cell 110.

[0105] A plurality of blocking members 200 may be included depending on the number of battery cells. Also, as described above, the blocking member 200 may be stacked with the battery cells 110 to form the cell module assembly 100.

[0106] According to such an embodiment configuration of the present disclosure, in a battery pack including a plurality of battery cells 110 , the blocking member 200 may effectively prevent propagation of thermal runaway between the battery cells.

[0107] In addition, the blocking member 200 may mainly have a three-layer structure. For example, a pair of inflatable pads 220 are respectively disposed on both surfaces of the support plate 210. The support plate 210 maintains the shape and rigidity of the blocking member 200, and blocks the flame or spark emitted from the battery cell 110 from being transmitted between the battery cells 110. The support plate 210 may be made of, for example, a metal material. The inflatable pad 220 reduces the pressure applied to the battery cell 110 by the support plate 210 when the battery cell 110 is inflated. The inflatable pad 220 may be made of, for example, silicone or a soft plastic material.

[0108] On the other hand, the support plate 210 includes a plurality of through holes 230 formed by penetrating the support plate 210 in the up-down direction, and the plurality of through holes 230 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the support plate 210 .

[0109] When the fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing liquid) is injected into the cell module assembly 100 from the fire extinguishing tank 400 located at the upper portion of the cell module assembly 100, the fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing liquid) also enters the plurality of through holes 230. That is, since the fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing liquid) remains in the plurality of through holes 230, the battery cell 110 in which a thermal event has occurred can be more effectively cooled and extinguished.

[0110] The plurality of through holes 230 may be configured to be open on both the upper surface and the lower surface of the support plate 210. Alternatively, the plurality of through holes 230 may have a shape in which only the upper surface is open and the lower surface is closed, so that the fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing liquid) can be retained for a longer period of time in the through holes 230. In the former case, if the support plate 210 of the blocking member 200 is arranged to be in close contact with the inner lower surface of the battery pack case 300, the fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing liquid) can be retained in the through holes 230 for a long period of time as in the latter case.

[0111] Figure 8 is included in Figure 5 A perspective view of a battery pack housing 300 in a battery pack of FIG. Figure 8 , the battery pack case 300 may be configured in a box shape. The box-shaped battery pack case 300 may be integrally molded, or may be manufactured in a manner that at least one surface is coupled to an adjacent surface.

[0112] The battery pack case 300 includes at least one exhaust port 320. An eaves portion may be further provided on the upper surface of the exhaust port 320 to prevent rain or snow from entering the battery pack case 300 via the exhaust port 320. A filter is installed in the exhaust port 320.

[0113] The outer surface of the battery pack case 300 is provided with a partition wall 330 protruding and extending outward from the outer surface. The battery pack case 300 also includes a fastening member 340 capable of coupling the outer cover 500, and the battery pack case 300 includes a spacer 350 protruding from the outer surface. The partition wall 330, the fastening member 340, and the spacer 350 will be described in detail in the same manner as the description of the outer cover 500 to be described later.

[0114] Fig. 9 is included in Figure 5 1 is a perspective view of an outer cover 500 in a battery pack.

[0115] The outer cover 500 is coupled to the pack case 300 and covers at least one surface of the pack case 300 . Fig. 9 The front surface and both side surfaces of the pack case 300 are covered. The front cover 500 a of the outer cover 500 covers the front surface of the pack case 300 , and the pair of side covers 500 b of the outer cover 500 covers both side surfaces of the pack case 300 .

[0116] In addition, the outer cover 500 covers the exhaust port 320 of the pack case 300 at a position spaced apart from the exhaust port 320 by a prescribed distance. This prevents the battery cells 110 inside the pack case 300 from being directly exposed to the outside through the exhaust port 320.

[0117] exist Figure 8 In the battery pack case 300 , for example, the exhaust ports 320 are respectively provided on the front surface and both side surfaces of the battery pack case 300 . Therefore, the outer cover 500 is also provided to cover the front surface and both side surfaces of the battery pack case 300 .

[0118] Meanwhile, the present disclosure is not limited to those described above, and it is sufficient that the outer cover 500 can cover the exhaust port 320. For example, there may be various modifications and changes, such as being able to cover all four surfaces of the front surface, the rear surface, and the two side surfaces of the battery pack case 300, and being able to cover only a portion of the four side surfaces of the battery pack case 300 except the upper surface and the lower surface.

[0119] Fig.10 is a perspective view of a case in which the outer cover 500 is coupled to the pack case 300 . Fig.11 Shown along Fig.10 A cross section taken along line A6-A6' in FIG. Fig.12 and Fig.13 They are shown respectively Fig.10When a thermal event occurs in a battery cell 110 housed inside the battery pack case 300, exhaust gas generated from the battery cell 110 may be discharged through the exhaust port 320. The exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port 320 may move through an exhaust gas flow path formed in a space between the battery pack case 300 and the outer cover 500, and then be discharged to the outside of the outer cover 500. At this time, the exhaust gas moving through the exhaust gas flow path passes through the end portion ( Fig.10 An open space between the outer cover 500 and the battery pack case 300 at the upper end and the lower end of the outer cover 500 in FIG. 1 is discharged to the outside.

[0120] For reference, as later in Fig.19 and Fig. 20 As described in , when a plurality of battery packs are stacked, if the height of the outer cover 500 is slightly smaller than the height of the battery pack case 300, an open space between the battery pack case 300 and the outer cover 500 can be ensured at the upper end and the lower end of each battery pack. That is, even if a plurality of battery packs are stacked in the up-down direction, an open space between the battery pack case 300 and the outer cover 500 is ensured for each battery pack, so that exhaust gas can be smoothly discharged to the outside.

[0121] Reference again Figure 8 , the outer surface of the battery pack case 300 is provided with a partition wall 330 protruding and extending outward from the outer surface.

[0122] like Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown in detail in FIG. 5 , the moving distance of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow path increases due to the partition wall 330, and the flame contained in the exhaust gas naturally disappears (naturally extinguishes) while hitting the partition wall 330. Therefore, the flame contained in the exhaust gas is not discharged to the outside of the outer cover 500.

[0123] The partition wall 330 is formed on the outer surface of the pack case 300 in at least one direction. Figure 8 The embodiment of FIG. 3 shows a case where the partition wall 330 is formed in the horizontal direction (the length direction and / or width direction of the battery pack case 300) and in the vertical direction (the height direction of the battery pack case 300) so that the horizontal partition wall 330 and the vertical partition wall 330 intersect. However, the present disclosure is not limited to those shown, and it is sufficient to form the partition wall 330 to intersect the movement path of the exhaust gas.

[0124] At the same time, due to the partition wall 330 , the rigidity of the pack case 300 may also be enhanced.

[0125] Reference again Fig. 9, the front cover 500a and the pair of side covers 500b of the exterior cover 500 may be integrally formed, but may also be separately manufactured and coupled to each other.

[0126] In addition, the open space between the battery pack case 300 and the outer cover 500 (in Fig.10 In the example of FIG. 5 , the upper and lower sides of the outer cover 500 include an eaves portion 520 that protrudes and extends from the main body of the outer cover 500 toward the battery pack case 300. By further including the eaves portion 520, the function of covering the exhaust port 320 can be further enhanced. The eaves portion 520 may have a width that can be comparable to the space between the outer cover 500 and the battery pack case 300, or may have a width smaller than the space.

[0127] In addition, the outer cover 500 is connected to the outer surface of the battery pack case 300 while being separated by a specified distance, so that as described above, the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust hole 320 of the battery pack case 300 can move through the exhaust flow path (the exhaust flow path is formed in the space between the battery pack case 300 and the outer cover 500) and then be discharged to the outside of the outer cover 500.

[0128] The eaves portion 520 is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes 521 arranged in a row along the eaves portion 520. Exhaust gas having moved through an exhaust gas flow path formed in a space between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500 may be exhausted through the exhaust holes 521 of the outer cover 500.

[0129] Meanwhile, the body of the outer cover 500 may further include a partition wall 510 formed in at least one direction on a surface facing the battery pack case 300. Due to the partition wall 510, the moving distance of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow path increases, and the flame contained in the exhaust gas is naturally extinguished while hitting the partition wall 510. Therefore, the flame contained in the exhaust gas is not discharged to the outside of the outer cover 500.

[0130] The partition wall 510 is formed on the outer surface of the outer cover 500 in at least one direction. Fig.11 The embodiment shows a case where the partition wall 330 is formed in the horizontal direction (the length direction and / or width direction of the outer cover 500) and in the vertical direction (the height direction of the outer cover 500) so that the horizontal partition wall 510 and the vertical partition wall 510 intersect. However, the present disclosure is not limited to those shown, and it is sufficient to form the partition wall 510 to intersect the movement path of the exhaust gas.

[0131] At the same time, due to the partition wall 510, the rigidity of the outer cover 500 can also be enhanced.

[0132] The outer cover 500 further includes a fastening member 530 , which may be coupled to the fastening member 340 of the battery pack case 300 . Fig.10The embodiment shows a case where the fastening member 530 of the protruding hook-shaped outer cover 500 is coupled to the fastening member 340 inserted into the groove-shaped battery pack case 300. Meanwhile, the present disclosure is not limited to those shown with respect to the method of coupling the outer cover 500 and the battery pack case 300, and may be implemented through various modifications and changes.

[0133] In addition, refer to Figure 8 , the battery pack housing 300 may include a spacer 350 protruding from the outer surface. The spacer 350 protrudes a specified distance between the battery pack housing 300 and the outer cover 500. That is, the spacer 350 may contact the inner surface of the outer cover 500. Therefore, the spacer 350 can maintain a specified distance between the battery pack housing 300 and the outer cover 500. In particular, even if the outer cover 500 is impacted from the outside, the outer cover 500 bends toward the battery pack housing 300 to prevent the exhaust gas flow path between the battery pack housing 300 and the outer cover 500 from narrowing.

[0134] In addition, the protruding distance of the spacer 350 is greater than the protruding distance of the partition wall 330 of the battery pack case 300. Similarly, the protruding distance of the spacer 350 is greater than the protruding distance of the partition wall 510 of the outer cover 500. Thus, when the exhaust gas moves in the space between the battery pack case 300 and the outer cover 500, it is prevented from being blocked by the partition wall 330 of the battery pack case 300 and the partition wall 510 of the outer cover 500. When a plurality of spacers 350 are provided, the plurality of spacers 350 are arranged to be spaced apart from each other so as not to block the exhaust gas flow path.

[0135] The spacer 350 may have a cross shape, for example, Figure 8 As shown, the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any shape may be used as long as the space between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500 is maintained, but the outer cover 500 may maintain its rigidity.

[0136] In addition, by covering the outer surface of the pack case 300 with the outer cover 500 , an aesthetic function may be imparted to the appearance of the battery pack.

[0137] like Fig.14 As shown, Figure 6 The illustrated cell module assembly 100 may be accommodated in the inner space of the auxiliary housing 310 and then mounted on the battery pack housing 300. The cell module assembly 100 is initially accommodated in the inner space of the auxiliary housing 310 and then finally accommodated in the battery pack housing 300, thereby supplementing the rigidity of the cell module assembly 100 and preventing the alignment of the stacking of the plurality of battery cells 110 at the cell module assembly 100 from being disturbed. As an example, the auxiliary housing 310 may be made of metal, stainless steel, or the like.

[0138] Fig.15 is included in Figure 5 A perspective view of a fire extinguisher tank 400 in a battery pack. Fig.16 yes Fig.15 A perspective cross-sectional view of a fire extinguisher tank 400 is shown along Figure 5 A section taken along the line A5-A5'. Figure 1 As described in the above, the fire extinguishing tank 400 includes a lower tank 410 and an upper cover 420. The lower tank 410 and the upper cover 420 can be manufactured separately and sealed together, or can be manufactured in one piece. The upper cover 420 can also include an injection port 430 that can inject the fire extinguishing agent. The injection port 430 can be closed with a plug to seal the fire extinguishing tank 400.

[0139] A portion thinly formed in the substrate 411 of the lower tank 410 may be used as the fragile portion 411a. That is, when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell 110 of the cell module assembly 100, the fragile portion 411a having a relatively thin thickness may be damaged first. When the fragile portion 411a is damaged and an opening is formed in the substrate 411, the fire extinguishing agent retained inside the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be discharged to the cell module assembly 100 side via the fragile portion 411a.

[0140] The fragile portion 411a may be provided in a plurality of numbers. For example, the fragile portion 411a may have a shape having a narrow width and a long length. That is, the fragile portion may have a linear shape and may have a straight line shape arranged parallel to one edge of the fire extinguishing tank 400, and each fragile portion 411a may be arranged parallel to each other.

[0141] At the same time, according to Fig.15 In an embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the battery cell 110 (e.g., the X-axis direction in the figure) and the longitudinal direction of the fragile portion 411a (e.g., the X-axis direction in the figure) may be orthogonal to each other. That is, the plurality of fragile portions 411a are arranged to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the battery cell 110. Therefore, the fire extinguishing agent may be supplied all together along the longitudinal direction of the battery cell 110 where a thermal event has occurred through the plurality of opened fragile portions 411a of the battery cell 110, and the battery cell 110 where a thermal event has occurred may be extinguished more efficiently and quickly.

[0142] In addition, reference Fig.16 , the base plate 411 of the lower tank 410 has a step. More specifically, the base plate 411 is mainly divided as follows. The base plate is composed of a portion A7 where the fragile portion 411a is located, a portion A8 in contact with the strip 140 of the battery pack housing 100, and a portion A9 located on the side of the electrical connection unit 600. Among them, the height of the base plate 411 is the lowest at the portion A7 where the fragile portion 411a is located.

[0143] By ensuring that the fragile portion 411a of the lower can 410 is arranged as close to the battery cells 110 as possible, when overheating or fire occurs in some of the battery cells 110, rapid initial suppression is performed to more effectively prevent the occurrence of dangerous situations (such as secondary explosions) caused by the transfer of heat or flames to adjacent battery cells 100.

[0144] In more detail, Figure 6 As shown in the figure about the cell module assembly 100, the height of the cell module assembly 100 is not constant due to the portion where the strip 140 is located, the portion where the bus bar housing 130 is located (the connector 610, the fuse, etc. are located outside the bus bar housing 130), etc. In any case, if the height of the base plate 411 of the lower tank 410 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 is constant as a whole, a relatively empty space is generated between the base plate 411 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 and the upper surface of the cell module assembly 100. In this case, heat transfer from the battery cell 110 whose temperature has risen to the fragile portion 411a is blocked due to the empty space, whereby fire extinguishing is delayed accordingly.

[0145] When the battery cell 110 is overheated, the fragile portion 411 a is arranged adjacent to the battery cell 110 whose temperature has risen, so that the fragile portion 411 a is immediately damaged and the battery cell 110 can be quickly cooled and extinguished.

[0146] In summary, the lower surface of the substrate 411 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 and the upper surface of the cell module assembly 100 have shapes that roughly match each other. Therefore, since the fire extinguishing tank 400 is arranged to be in closer contact with the cell module assembly 100, the battery cell 110 whose temperature has risen can be cooled more effectively, and the fire extinguishing agent can be injected more quickly into the battery cell 110 that has been overheated or caught fire. In addition, more fire extinguishing agent can be efficiently accommodated in the fire extinguishing tank 400. That is, if the height of the substrate 411 of the lower tank 410 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 is constant as a whole, the fire extinguishing tank 400 accommodates less fire extinguishing agent due to the corresponding empty space.

[0147] The fire extinguishing agent provided in the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be in the form of, for example, a fire extinguishing liquid. Redundant description will be omitted, and reference will be made to those described above.

[0148] Fig.17 It is a reference Figures 5 to 16 A perspective view of a battery pack in which all constituent elements of the above-described battery pack are coupled to each other.

[0149] In addition, about Figures 5 to 17 The battery pack description in Figures 1 to 4 For overlapping parts of the battery pack description, refer to the reference above Figures 1 to 4 Those described.

[0150] Meanwhile, the battery pack housing 300 may be provided in a plurality and configured to be stacked in the up-down direction. Figures 18 to 20 Describe in more detail.

[0151] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram showing the Figures 1 to 17 A perspective view of at least a portion of the structure of a battery pack. In addition, Fig.19 and Fig. 20 It is shown Fig.18 The battery pack housing 300 shown in the figure is a stacked embodiment in multiple quantities. For ease of understanding, Figures 18 to 20 The battery pack is schematically shown. For detailed configuration of the battery pack, refer to the above Figures 1 to 17 Details described in .

[0152] First, refer to Fig.18 The battery pack housing 300 may include a bottom portion and a side wall portion. The cell module assembly 100 may be accommodated in the internal space of the battery pack housing 300, and the upper surface of the cell module assembly 100 may be covered by the fire extinguishing tank 400, thereby constituting a battery pack. Fig.18 , it is shown that the height of the upper side of the battery pack housing 300 is greater than the height of the upper surface of the fire extinguishing tank 400. However, Fig.18 is a schematic diagram and is only an example, and the present disclosure is not limited to Fig.18 That is, on the contrary, the height of the upper surface of the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be greater than the height of the upper side of the battery pack housing 300, and the height of the upper surface of the fire extinguishing tank 400 and the height of the upper side of the battery pack housing 300 may be equal. Therefore, various modifications are possible.

[0153] like Fig.18 The battery pack housing 300 shown can be provided in multiple quantities to form a battery pack housing 300 as shown in FIG. Fig.19 or Fig. 20 The stacking structure of the battery pack shown. Fig.18 The battery pack in the embodiment may be a unit battery pack. Moreover, such unit battery packs are provided in a plurality of quantities so that the entire battery pack can be constructed in a module stacking manner, such as Fig.19 or Fig. 20 shown.

[0154] More specifically, for example, Fig.19 The configuration shows that three unit battery packs D are stacked in the up-down direction. Fig. 20 The configuration of FIG. 1 shows that five unit battery groups D are stacked in the up-and-down direction. The present disclosure is not limited to those shown, and the number of unit battery groups D may be variously changed to match the environment in which the present disclosure is implemented.

[0155] For example, if the present disclosure is implemented as an energy storage system (ESS) through a battery pack, the number of unit battery packs can be adjusted so that the voltage band and / or storage capacity of the energy storage device can be achieved to match the relevant environment. According to such an embodiment of the present disclosure, by stacking a unit battery pack having a common structure in various ways, it is possible to meet products with various voltage bands depending on the number of stacks. For example, by adjusting the number of stacks of the same unit battery pack, it is possible to achieve Fig.19 The low pressure belt products shown and Fig. 20 The high voltage band product shown. Therefore, compared with products with specifications limited to a specific voltage band, economic efficiency and compatibility can be improved. In addition, according to such an embodiment configuration, products with various storage capacities can also be realized according to the number of stacks.

[0156] In other words, when the stacked unit battery groups are connected in series, products with various voltage bands can be realized according to the number of stacks. In addition, when the stacked unit battery groups are connected in parallel, products with various capacities (storage capacities) can be realized according to the number of stacks.

[0157] In particular, each unit battery pack D may include a cell module assembly 100 therein. In addition, each unit battery pack D includes a connector 610 so that each cell module assembly 100 can be electrically connected to each other during stacking, as described above. In particular, due to the vertical stacking of each unit battery pack D, such connectors 610 may be configured to be coupled to each other.

[0158] In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment configuration, each unit battery pack D can accommodate the fire extinguishing tank 400 together with the single module assembly 100. That is, as described above, each unit battery pack D includes a fire extinguishing tank 400 at the upper part of the single module assembly 100. The battery pack stacked in multiple quantities has a stacking structure of fire extinguishing tank 400-single module assembly 100-fire extinguishing tank 400-single module assembly 100 from top to bottom. The stacked battery pack of the present disclosure having such a structure can form a battery pack by increasing (expanding) the number of single module assemblies 100 to increase the storage capacity, and can also safely prevent thermal events such as fires in the single module assembly 100. Therefore, according to this embodiment configuration of the present disclosure, the safety of the battery pack can be further improved.

[0159] Reference again Fig.18 Another example of a coupling method between the battery packs (battery pack housing 300) stacked up and down is as follows. At the upper end of the side wall portion of the battery pack housing 300, there may be a step formed inwardly in a concave shape, such as a step portion C1 for coupling. For example, the side wall portion of the battery pack housing 300 has a thin thickness. In addition, although Fig.18 Although not shown in the figure, a coupling recess may be formed in the bottom of the battery pack case 300 so that the coupling step C1 of the side wall portion can be inserted. That is, when the battery pack case 300 is stacked with different battery pack cases 300 in the up-down direction, the coupling step C1 formed on the upper side of the side wall portion of the lower battery pack case 300 is formed on the upper battery pack case 300. Therefore, when the plurality of battery pack cases 300 are stacked and coupled in the up-down direction, the outer surface of the battery pack case 300 may have a flat shape as a whole.

[0160] On the other hand, the coupling method of the fastening structure between battery packs stacked one above the other is not limited to Fig.18 and / or Figure 8 Those shown, and various other coupling methods may be modified or altered and applied to the present disclosure.

[0161] In addition, the battery pack of the present disclosure may be connected to a battery management system (BMS, not shown). The battery management system monitors and manages the battery pack. The battery management system may be located on the uppermost layer of the battery pack stacked one above the other. However, the location of the battery management system is not limited to the above location, and may be modified and changed in various ways to match the method or environment for implementing the present disclosure.

[0162] In addition to the above components, the battery pack according to the present disclosure may also include various other components included in the battery pack. For example, the battery pack according to the present disclosure may include various electrical components for controlling or managing the charging and discharging of the battery pack, such as a battery management system (BMS), relays, fuses, and current sensors.

[0163] Furthermore, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments and may be implemented by modifying or changing the above-described embodiments to match various environments in which the present disclosure is implemented, such as by partially modifying the above-described embodiments or by combining the above-described embodiments.

[0164] The energy storage system (ESS) according to the present disclosure includes one or more battery packs according to the present disclosure as described above. In addition, in addition to the battery pack, the energy storage device according to the present disclosure may also include common components included in an energy storage device.

[0165] Terms indicating directions such as upper side, lower side, left side, and right side have been used in the present embodiment, but the terms used are provided merely for convenience of description and may become different depending on the position of an object, the position of an observer, and the like.

[0166] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure defined by the appended claims.

[0167] [reference numerals list]

[0168] 100: Monolithic module components

[0169] 110: Battery Cell

[0170] 120: End plate

[0171] 130: Busbar housing

[0172] 140: Strip

[0173] 200: blocking member

[0174] 210: Support plate

[0175] 220: Inflatable pad

[0176] 230: Through hole

[0177] 300: Battery pack housing

[0178] 300a: Lower housing

[0179] 300b: Upper shell

[0180] 310: Auxiliary housing

[0181] 320: Exhaust port

[0182] 330: Partition wall

[0183] 340: Fastening components

[0184] 350: Spacer

[0185] 400: Fire extinguisher

[0186] 410: Lower the tank

[0187] 411: Substrate

[0188] 411a: Vulnerable part

[0189] 412: Sidewall

[0190] 420: Upper cover

[0191] 430: Injection port

[0192] 500: Outer cover

[0193] 500a: Front cover

[0194] 500b: Side cover

[0195] 510: Partition wall

[0196] 520: Eaves

[0197] 521: Exhaust hole

[0198] 530: Fastening components

[0199] 600: Electrical connection unit

[0200] 610: Connector

Claims

1. A battery pack, comprising: a single cell module assembly including a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked; a battery pack housing configured to accommodate the single cell module assembly and including an exhaust port on at least one surface; and an outer cover covering at least one surface of the battery pack housing and arranged to be spaced apart from the outer surface of the battery pack housing by a predetermined distance, wherein a space between the battery pack housing and the outer cover forms an exhaust flow path through which exhaust gas generated during a thermal event of the battery cells moves, and wherein the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside through an open space between the outer cover and the battery pack housing formed at at least one end of the outer cover.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: the battery pack housing includes at least one partition wall protruding from the outer surface of the battery pack housing toward the outer cover to increase the path along which the exhaust gas moves.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: the partition wall includes a first partition wall having a shape extending in the length direction or width direction of the battery pack housing.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein: the partition wall includes a second partition wall having a shape extending in the height direction of the battery pack housing, and the first partition wall and the second partition wall intersect each other.

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: the outer cover includes at least one partition wall protruding from the inner surface of the outer cover toward the battery pack housing to increase the path along which the exhaust gas moves.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein: the partition wall includes a first partition wall having a shape extending in the length direction or width direction of the outer cover.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein: the partition wall includes a second partition wall having a shape extending in the height direction of the outer cover, and the first partition wall and the second partition wall intersect each other.

8. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: the battery pack housing further includes a spacer protruding from the outer surface of the battery pack housing and contacting the outer cover, and the distance by which the spacer protrudes is greater than the distance by which the partition wall protrudes.

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: the battery pack housing includes at least one exhaust port on the front surface and two side surfaces, and the outer cover covers the front surface and the two side surfaces of the battery pack housing respectively.

10. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: the outer cover includes an eaves covering the open space between the battery pack housing and the outer cover, and the eaves includes a plurality of exhaust holes arranged along the eaves.

11. The battery pack according to claim 1, It further includes a fastening member that connects the battery pack housing and the outer cover to each other. Wherein, the fastening member includes a female fastening member and a male fastening member.

12. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: the battery packs are provided in a plurality of numbers, and the plurality of battery packs are mechanically or electrically connected to each other.

13. The battery pack according to claim 12, wherein: the plurality of battery packs can be stacked in the vertical direction.

14. The battery pack according to claim 12, wherein: the height of the outer cover is less than the height of the battery pack housing, so that each of the plurality of battery packs has the opening space between the battery pack housing and the outer cover.

15. An energy storage system includes the battery pack according to claim 1.

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