Rotary row precision seed separating device

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotating type row precision seed separating device which comprises a fixed machine base and a seed separating assembly, and the seed separating assembly can do translation rotating motion under the driving action of a driving mechanism; the seed separating assembly comprises a seed separating belt, a seed limiting unit and a rotating seat; a plurality of rows of seed filling holes are formed in the seed separating belt; the upper half side of the seed separating belt is provided with a horizontal section and an inclined section, and the seed limiting unit is used for limiting piled seeds above the horizontal section; the seed separating assembly further comprises a scraper belt mechanism, the scraper belt mechanism comprises a belt part and a plurality of scrapers, and the scrapers are perpendicular to the belt surface of the belt part; the lower side belt section of the belt part is parallel to the horizontal section, and the running directions of the two sections are opposite. According to the invention, through the layout of the seed separation belt and the overall rotation action of the seed separation assembly, seeds in the seed storage space fully move and are efficiently filled into the seed filling holes, the non-filled seeds in the inclined section roll down to the root, and meanwhile, the gathered seeds are pushed back and scraped to be flat by using a scraper blade, which moves reversely, of the scraper blade belt mechanism, so that accumulation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly to a rotary type row-by-row precise seed metering device. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural mechanized seeding operations, the precise seed metering device is the core component for achieving efficient seeding, and its performance directly affects seeding uniformity, seed utilization rate, and crop yield. Currently, common seed metering devices mainly include mechanical seed meters and air-suction seed meters. Mechanical seed meters mostly adopt fixed orifice plates or fluted roller structures, and fill seeds by forced mechanical movement. Although the structure is simple, problems such as low seed filling rate and serious seed damage are likely to occur during high-speed operations, especially for seeds with irregular shapes or large size differences, and their adaptability is poor. The air-suction seed meter can achieve high-precision single-seed seeding, but has defects such as complex structure, high energy consumption, difficult maintenance, etc., and has high requirements for the cleanliness of the seed surface, and its performance is likely to decline due to blockage in the complex field environment.

[0003] In the prior art, such as the mechanical precision rice seedling tray seeding device disclosed in Patent CN208300268U, a structure of a perforated belt circulating and rotating in a seed box is adopted for seed filling, and a brush assembly is used to remove excess seeds to achieve precise seeding of 3 - 4 rice seeds per hole. By placing a part of the perforated belt obliquely in the seed box, the orifices move from the deep part of the seed box to the mouth of the seed box to passively fill the orifices. Although it does not damage the seeds and the structure is relatively simple, in order to reduce the missing filling rate, it is necessary to load seeds very deep in the seed box, which will increase the volume of the overall structure, and still cannot guarantee the success rate of seed filling. Moreover, as the thickness of the seeds in the seed box decreases, the missing filling rate will become higher and higher. In addition, a roller brush is used to clean the seeds on the belt surface at the mouth of the seed box. The cleaning pressure is high, it is not easy to clean thoroughly, and the belt is likely to carry seeds through the roller brush, affecting the seeding accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: To overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a rotary type row-by-row precise seed metering device with a compact structure that can ensure the success rate of seed filling with a relatively small seed layer thickness.

[0005] Technical Solution: To achieve the above object, the rotary type row-by-row precise seed metering device of the present invention includes a fixed machine base and a seed metering component. The seed metering component can perform a translational rotation movement relative to the fixed machine base under the driving action of a driving mechanism. The seed metering component includes a seed metering belt, a seed limiting unit, and a rotating seat. The seed metering belt is provided with multiple rows of seed filling holes.

[0006] The upper half of the seed sorting belt has a horizontal section and an inclined section, and the seed limiting unit limits the piled seeds above the horizontal section, so that the horizontal section and the seed limiting unit enclose a seed storage space; during operation, the seed filling hole first passes through the horizontal section and then passes through the inclined section;

[0007] The seed sorting assembly further comprises a scraper belt mechanism, the scraper belt mechanism comprising a belt portion and a plurality of scrapers equidistantly mounted on the belt portion, the scrapers being perpendicular to the belt surface of the belt portion;

[0008] The lower belt section of the belt portion is parallel to the horizontal section, and the running directions of the two are opposite.

[0009] When the above structure is in operation, the seed sorting belt operates so that different parts thereof serve as horizontal sections and inclined sections in turn, that is, the specific belt surface parts corresponding to the horizontal sections and the inclined sections are constantly changing, and the specific belt surface parts in the horizontal section serve as the bottom of the seed storage space. As the seed sorting belt operates, the seed filling holes pass through the seed storage space to bring the seeds in the seed storage space to the inclined section. The overall rotation of the seed sorting assembly can, on the one hand, enable the seeds in the seed storage space to move fully and promote the seeds to enter the seed filling holes, and on the other hand, can promote the seeds that have not entered the seed filling holes on the inclined section to roll to the root of the inclined section. The scraper on the scraper belt mechanism moves back relative to the horizontal section, and can transport and flatten the seeds gathered at the root of the inclined section to ensure the uniformity of the seeds in the seed storage space.

[0010] The rotary row-by-row precision seeding device can accurately seed row by row to meet the seeding requirements of the seedling tray.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating seat is connected to the fixed machine base via a slide rail assembly, and the slide rail assembly includes two transverse slide rails fixed on the fixed machine base, and two longitudinal slide rails, each of the longitudinal slide rails is fixed with a transition seat, and each of the two ends of the transition seat is respectively fixed with a first slider that cooperates with the two transverse slide rails; the rotating seat is fixed with a second slider that cooperates with the longitudinal slide rail.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, an input shaft connected to the driving motor, and an output shaft connected to the rotating seat, and the input shaft is connected to the output shaft through an eccentric adjustment mechanism; the eccentric adjustment mechanism includes a first connecting block connected to the input shaft and a second connecting block connected to the output shaft; the first connecting block has a sliding groove for the second connecting block to slide and adjust its position, and the positions of the two adjustment blocks can be fixed to each other.

[0013] Further, the second connecting block has a wide body and a narrow body, and there is a transition step between the two. Correspondingly, the sliding groove also has a wide groove part and a narrow groove part. And a first screw acting on the transition step is installed at the end of the first connecting block, a second screw for fixing the second connecting block is installed on the side of the first connecting block, and a strip-shaped hole through which the second screw passes and moves along is formed on the side of the first connecting block.

[0014] When adjusting the eccentricity, first loosen the second screw, then rotate the first screw and keep the step part of the second connecting block abutted against the end of the first screw, so that the eccentricity can be precisely fine-tuned. After the adjustment is completed, lock the second screw.

[0015] Further, the rotating seat includes a main frame body and an adjustable frame body capable of rotating and adjusting the angle relative to the main frame body, and the inclination angle of the inclined section can change with the change of the inclination angle of the adjustable frame body. In this way, the angle of the inclined section can be adjusted as required to conveniently adjust the inclination of the inclined section according to the difference in seed types to ensure the effect of removing excess seeds on the belt surface.

[0016] Further, in order to further remove the excess seeds carried on the belt surface, a driving roller brush is installed on the front side of the upper end of the inclined section. The operation of the driving roller brush can effectively remove the seeds that have not been filled into the seed-filling holes on the belt surface; a plurality of guiding hoppers arranged in a linear array are installed on the rear side of the upper end of the inclined section, and the number of the guiding hoppers is the same as the number of columns of the seed-filling holes. In this way, each guiding hopper guides the seeds discharged from each column of seed-filling holes to different seedling holes of the seedling tray respectively to prevent confusion.

[0017] Further, the seed limiting unit includes a front seed blocking plate and two side seed blocking plates.

[0018] Further, the side seed blocking plate is a fixed baffle plate fixed relative to the rotating seat, or an annular flexible baffle plate fixed on the seed-sorting belt.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The rotary type row-by-row precise seed sorting device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) Through the layout of the seed-sorting belt and the overall rotation of the seed-sorting components, the seeds in the seed storage space move sufficiently and are efficiently filled into the seed-filling holes, and the seeds that have not been filled in the inclined section roll to the root part. At the same time, the scraper on the reverse movement of the scraper belt mechanism is used to push back and scrape the accumulated seeds flat to avoid accumulation. The rotation action further strengthens the uniform distribution of the seeds, ensures that the seed-filling holes accurately carry the seeds, and maintains the stable seed density in the seed storage space, effectively improving the seed sorting accuracy and operation reliability, and ensuring the seed filling success rate with a smaller seed layer thickness.

[0021] (2) By setting the slide rails in a horizontal and vertical layout, the rotating seat can be reliably translated relative to the fixed machine base, achieving stable rotating motion.

[0022] (3) The rotation radius can be conveniently adjusted to adjust the rotation and seeding effect and the rolling effect on the inclined section.

[0023] (4) By using the seed limiting unit to enclose a seed storage space on the horizontal section, there is no need to separately set a seed box with a specification larger than the seed sorting belt, which can reduce the overall size of the seed sorting device, improve the structural compactness, and facilitate the miniaturization of the equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is the side view structure diagram of the rotary type row-by-row precise seed sorting device;

[0025] Figure 2 is the rear view structure diagram of the rotary type row-by-row precise seed sorting device;

[0026] Figure 3 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the rotary type row-by-row precise seed sorting device;

[0027] Figure 4 is the sectional view structure diagram of the rotary type row-by-row precise seed sorting device;

[0028] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the enlarged structure diagram of part A in;

[0029] Figure 6 is the combined structure diagram of some parts in the driving mechanism;

[0030] Figure 7 is the structure diagram of the seed limiting unit in an embodiment.

[0031] In the figure: A - fixed machine base; B - seed sorting assembly; C - driving mechanism; 1 - seed sorting belt; 1a - horizontal section; 1b - inclined section; 1c - seeding hole; 2 - seed limiting unit; 21 - front seed blocking plate; 22 - side seed blocking plate; 3 - rotating seat; 31 - main frame body; 32 - adjustable frame body; 4 - scraper belt mechanism; 41 - belt part; 42 - scraper; 5 - slide rail assembly; 51 - horizontal slide rail; 52 - vertical slide rail; 53 - transition seat; 61 - driving motor; 62 - input shaft; 63 - output shaft; 64 - first connecting block; 64a - chute; 65 - second connecting block; 65a - wide body; 65b - narrow body; 66 - first screw; 67 - second screw; 7 - guiding hopper; 8 - active brush. Detailed Embodiment

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] AsFigures 1 to 4 The rotary row precision seeding device shown in the figure comprises a fixed machine base A and a seeding assembly B. The seeding assembly B can perform translational and rotational motion relative to the fixed machine base A under the driving action of a driving mechanism C; the seeding assembly B comprises a seeding belt 1, a seed limiting unit 2 and a rotary seat 3; the seeding belt 1 has a plurality of rows of seed filling holes 1c;

[0034] The upper half of the seed sorting belt 1 has a horizontal section 1a and an inclined section 1b, and the seed limiting unit 2 limits the piled seeds above the horizontal section 1a, so that the horizontal section 1a and the seed limiting unit 2 enclose a seed storage space; during operation, the seed filling hole 1c first passes through the horizontal section 1a and then passes through the inclined section 1b;

[0035] The seed sorting assembly B further includes a scraper belt mechanism 4, the scraper belt mechanism 4 includes a belt portion 41 and a plurality of scrapers 42 equidistantly mounted on the belt portion 41, the scrapers 42 being perpendicular to the belt surface of the belt portion 41;

[0036] The lower belt section of the belt portion 41 is parallel to the horizontal section 1 a , and the running directions of the two are opposite.

[0037] When the above structure is in operation, the seed sorting belt 1 operates so that different parts thereof serve as the horizontal section 1a and the inclined section 1b in turn, that is, the specific belt surface parts corresponding to the horizontal section 1a and the inclined section 1b are constantly changing, and the specific belt surface part in the horizontal section 1a serves as the bottom of the seed storage space. As the seed sorting belt 1 runs, the seed filling holes 1c pass through the seed storage space to bring the seeds in the seed storage space to the inclined section 1b. The overall rotation of the seed sorting component B can, on the one hand, enable the seeds in the seed storage space to move fully and promote the seeds to enter the seed filling holes 1c, and on the other hand, can promote the seeds on the inclined section 1b that have not entered the seed filling holes 1c to roll to the root of the inclined section 1b. The scraper 42 on the scraper belt mechanism 4 moves back relative to the horizontal section 1a, and can transport and scrape the seeds gathered at the root of the inclined section 1b back to ensure the uniformity of the seeds in the seed storage space.

[0038] The present invention uses the layout of the seed sorting belt 1 and the rotation of the seed sorting component B as a whole to fully move the seeds in the seed storage space and efficiently fill the seed filling hole 1c, and to make the unfilled seeds in the inclined section 1b roll to the root, while using the scraper 42 of the scraper belt mechanism 4 to push back and scrape the gathered seeds to avoid accumulation. The rotation further strengthens the uniform distribution of seeds, ensures that the seed filling hole accurately carries seeds, and maintains the stable seed density in the seed storage space, effectively improving the seed sorting accuracy and operation reliability.

[0039] The rotary row-by-row precision seeding device can accurately seed row by row to meet the seeding requirements of the seedling tray.

[0040] Preferably, the rotating base 3 is connected to the fixed base A through a slide rail assembly 5. The slide rail assembly 5 includes two horizontally arranged slide rails 51 fixed on the fixed base A, and also includes two vertically arranged slide rails 52. A transition seat 53 is fixed on each of the vertically arranged slide rails 52, and a first slider 54 that cooperates with the two horizontally arranged slide rails 51 respectively is fixed at both ends of each transition seat 53; a second slider 55 that cooperates with the vertically arranged slide rail 52 is fixed on the rotating base 3. By arranging the slide rails in a horizontal and vertical layout, the rotating base 3 can be reliably translated relative to the fixed base A to achieve a stable rotating motion.

[0041] Preferably, as Figure 4 shown in Figure 5 , the driving mechanism C includes a driving motor 61, an input shaft 62 connecting the driving motor 61, and an output shaft 63 connecting the rotating base 3. The input shaft 62 is connected to the output shaft 63 through an eccentric adjustment mechanism; the eccentric adjustment mechanism includes a first connecting block 64 connecting the input shaft 62 and a second connecting block 65 connecting the output shaft 63; a chute 64a for the second connecting block 65 to slide and adjust its position is provided inside the first connecting block 64, and the positions of the two adjusting blocks can be fixed to each other.

[0042] Preferably, the second connecting block 65 has a wide body 65a and a narrow body 65b, and there is a transition step between them. Correspondingly, the chute 64a also has a wide groove part and a narrow groove part, and a first screw 66 acting on the transition step is installed at the end of the first connecting block 64, and a second screw 67 for fixing the second connecting block 65 is installed on the side of the first connecting block 64. A strip hole for the second screw 67 to pass through and move along is provided on the side of the first connecting block 64.

[0043] When adjusting the eccentricity, first loosen the second screw 67, then rotate the first screw 66 and keep the step part of the second connecting block 65 in contact with the end of the first screw 66, so that the eccentricity can be precisely fine-tuned. After the adjustment is completed, lock the second screw 67.

[0044] Preferably, the rotating base 3 includes a main frame 31 and an adjustable frame 32 that can rotate and adjust the angle relative to the main frame 31. The inclination angle of the inclined section 1b can change with the change of the inclination angle of the adjustable frame 32. In this way, the angle of the inclined section 1b can be adjusted as needed to conveniently adjust the inclination of the inclined section 1b according to the differences in seed types to ensure the effect of removing excess seeds on the belt surface.

[0045] Preferably, in order to further remove the redundant seeds carried on the belt surface, an active brush 8 is installed on the front side of the upper end of the inclined section 1b. The operation of the active brush 8 can effectively remove the seeds that have not been filled into the seed-filling holes 1c on the belt surface; a plurality of guiding hoppers 7 arranged in a linear array are installed on the rear side of the upper end of the inclined section 1b. The number of the guiding hoppers 7 is the same as the number of columns of the seed-filling holes 1c. In this way, each guiding hopper 7 guides the seeds discharged from each column of the seed-filling holes 1c to different seedling holes of the seedling tray respectively, preventing confusion.

[0046] In one solution, as Figure 3 shown, the seed limiting unit 2 includes a front seed blocking plate 21 and two side seed blocking plates 22.

[0047] The seed limiting unit 2 encloses a seed storage space on the horizontal section 1a, and there is no need to additionally provide a seed box with a specification larger than that of the seed separating belt 1, which can reduce the overall size of the seed separating device.

[0048] In another solution, as Figure 7 shown, the side seed blocking plate 22 is a fixed baffle plate fixed relative to the rotating seat 3, or an annular flexible baffle plate fixed on the seed separating belt 1.

[0049] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary row precision seeding device, comprising a fixed base (A) and a seeding assembly (B), wherein the seeding assembly (B) can perform translational and rotational motion relative to the fixed base (A) under the driving action of a driving mechanism (C); the seeding assembly (B) comprises a seeding belt (1), a seed limiting unit (2) and a rotary base (3); the seeding belt (1) has a plurality of rows of seed filling holes (1c); the characteristics are: The upper half of the seed sorting belt (1) has a horizontal section (1a) and an inclined section (1b), and the seed limiting unit (2) limits the piled seeds above the horizontal section (1a); The seed sorting assembly (B) further comprises a scraper belt mechanism (4), wherein the scraper belt mechanism (4) comprises a belt portion (41) and a plurality of scrapers (42) equidistantly mounted on the belt portion (41), wherein the scrapers (42) are perpendicular to the belt surface of the belt portion (41); The lower belt section of the belt portion (41) is parallel to the horizontal section (1a), and the running directions of the two are opposite.

2. The rotary row precision seeding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating seat (3) is connected to the fixed machine base (A) via a slide rail assembly (5), the slide rail assembly (5) comprising two transverse slide rails (51) fixed on the fixed machine base (A), and two longitudinal slide rails (52), each of the longitudinal slide rails (52) being fixed with a transition seat (53), and each of the two ends of the transition seat (53) being respectively fixed with a first slide block (54) respectively matching with the two transverse slide rails (51); the rotating seat (3) being fixed with a second slide block (55) matching with the longitudinal slide rail (52).

3. The rotary row precision seeding device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism (C) comprises a driving motor (61), an input shaft (62) connected to the driving motor (61), and an output shaft (63) connected to the rotating seat (3); the input shaft (62) is connected to the output shaft (63) via an eccentric adjustment mechanism; the eccentric adjustment mechanism comprises a first connecting block (64) connected to the input shaft (62) and a second connecting block (65) connected to the output shaft (63); the first connecting block (64) has a sliding groove (64a) in which the second connecting block (65) can slide and adjust its position, and the positions of the two adjustment blocks can be fixed to each other.

4. The rotary row precision seeding device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The second connecting block (65) has a wide body (65a) and a narrow body (65b), with a transition step between the two. Correspondingly, the slide groove (64a) also has a wide groove portion and a narrow groove portion, and a first screw (66) acting on the transition step is installed at the end of the first connecting block (64), and a second screw (67) for fixing the second connecting block (65) is installed on the side of the first connecting block (64). The side of the first connecting block (64) is provided with a strip hole for the second screw (67) to pass through and move along it.

5. The rotary row precision seeding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating seat (3) comprises a main frame (31) and an adjustable frame (32) which can be rotated relative to the main frame (31) to adjust the angle, and the inclination angle of the inclined section (1b) can change as the inclination angle of the adjustable frame (32) changes.

6. The rotary row precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An active roller brush (8) is installed on the front side of the upper end of the inclined section (1b); a plurality of guide buckets (9) arranged in a linear array are installed on the rear side of the upper end of the inclined section (1b), and the number of the guide buckets (9) is consistent with the number of rows of the seed filling holes (1c).

7. The rotary row precision seeding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The seed limiting unit (2) comprises a front seed blocking plate (21) and two side seed blocking plates (22).

8. The rotary row precision seeding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side seed baffle plate (22) is a fixed baffle plate fixed relative to the rotating seat (3), or is an annular flexible baffle plate fixed on the seed sorting belt (1).

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