Comprehensive prevention and treatment method of gall mite of sweet tea in Guangxi based on ecological regulation

Abstract

The application discloses a comprehensive prevention and treatment method for gall mites of Guangxi sweet tea based on ecological regulation and belongs to the technical field of ecological planting of sweet tea, which comprises the following steps: planting sweet grass to form an odor barrier in the periphery, planting perilla in the middle, planting Guangxi sweet tea and sugar orange in the core area, forming a composite rhombus layout, planting smilax as a gall mite trapping plant in the interval of the interplanting interval, regularly spraying the smilax with matrine or azadirachtin plant source pesticide, adopting a composite substrate comprising 60-65% loess, 20-25% sugarcane residue biochar, 10-12% vermiculite and 3-5% sodium alginate-attapulgite clay composite water-retention slow-release particles to form a water-retention and air-permeation layer with slow-release function, and sowing artemisia seeds around the host plants to inhibit the survival of overwintering adult gall mites. The application has good ecological benefits and pest control efficiency, effectively improves the soil microenvironment and is suitable for the planting of sweet tea in subtropical hilly areas such as Guangxi.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological cultivation technology for sweet tea, and more specifically, to a comprehensive control method for gall mites in Guangxi sweet tea based on ecological regulation. Background Technology

[0002] Guangxi sweet tea ( Rubus chingii var. most sweet As a specialty crop with significant economic and medicinal value, it has long been affected by gall mites (such as the sweet tea gall mite). Phyllocoptes most sweet The gall mite poses a serious threat to tea production. Small in size and reproducing rapidly, it often hides on the underside of leaves, sucking sap and causing leaves to curl, turn yellow, and even fall off, resulting in reduced tea yield. Traditional control methods mainly rely on chemical pesticides (such as abamectin and amitraz emulsifiable concentrate), but long-term use has led to significantly increased pesticide resistance in gall mites, and pesticide residues cause ecological pollution, damaging natural enemy populations in tea gardens (such as predatory mites and lacewings). Although biological control technologies have been promoted, their application is limited by the short shelf life of predatory mites, their poor environmental adaptability, and the high level of professional expertise required for operation, making it difficult to popularize among scattered small farmers.

[0003] In recent years, ecological regulation technology has become a research hotspot. While the "tea-forest-grass-flower" three-dimensional planting model can enhance biodiversity, its targeted repellency effect on gall mites is insufficient. The application of attracting plants (such as white rice tree and chicken claw vine) is mostly limited to a single trapping function, lacking synergistic layout with repelling plants. In addition, the loess slopes in the karst landform area of ​​Guangxi have poor soil fertility and water retention, which easily forms a dry microenvironment suitable for gall mites, and conventional soil improvement methods (such as increasing the application of organic fertilizer and covering with straw) are difficult to achieve dynamic humidity control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated control method for gall mite in sweet tea in Guangxi based on ecological regulation, which solves the technical problems of traditional pesticides leading to resistance of gall mites and environmental pollution, poor water retention of loess soil creating a suitable environment for gall mites, and monoculture exacerbating the risk of pest and disease outbreaks.

[0005] To achieve these objectives, the present invention provides a comprehensive control method for *Gallus gallus domesticus* in Guangxi based on ecological regulation, comprising:

[0006] 1) Construct a mite-attracting intercropping system, with lemongrass planted on the periphery ( Cymbopogon citratus ) forms an odor barrier, with perilla in the middle ( Perilla frutescens ), core area Guangxi sweet tea and sugar oranges ( Citrus reticulated 'Shiyue Ju' Intercropping is done at 1-meter intervals to form a composite rhomboid layout; Smilax china (planted at intervals in the intercropping strips) SmilaxSmilax china (spp.) is used as a attractant for gall mites, and matrine or azadirachtin plant-derived pesticides are sprayed on Smilax china regularly.

[0007] 2) Implement soil micro-ecological improvement by using a composite matrix containing 60-65% loess, 20-25% sugarcane bagasse biochar, 10-12% vermiculite and 3-5% sodium alginate-attapulgite clay composite water-retaining and slow-release particles to form a water-retaining and breathable layer with slow-release function.

[0008] 3) Implement winter management by sowing Artemisia seeds around the host plant to inhibit the survival of overwintering adult gall mites; the sowing rate of Artemisia is 50~80 g / m², and the sowing time is from late November to early December; after sowing, cover with sugarcane bagasse biochar particles with a particle size ≤5mm, with a thickness of 2~3cm, to enhance moisture retention and promote Artemisia germination; remove the undecomposed covering in March of the following year.

[0009] In this invention, lemongrass contains lemongrass oil, which is rich in insect-repellent active ingredients such as citronellal; perilla contains abundant perillaldehyde and limonene, which are the main insect-repellent active ingredients; and tangerine contains tangerine oil, whose insect-repellent active ingredients mainly include limonene, with a content as high as 70%. These insect-repellent active ingredients form volatiles, which interfere with the location of gall mites on their host and oviposition through odor.

[0010] Unlike traditional single-pesticide spraying, this solution utilizes the gradient release of insect-repelling active ingredients from lemongrass, perilla, and tangerine peel to create a three-dimensional repellent field. The spatiotemporal coupling of the Smilax glabra attractant target and the plant-derived pesticide effectively increases pest aggregation, achieving a dual-modal pest control through repellency and attraction. Simultaneously, the porous structure of sugarcane bagasse biochar and the humidity-responsive properties of sodium alginate gel synergistically address the fundamental contradiction of poor water retention in loess soil, reconstructing the unsuitable environment for gall mites from an ecological niche competition perspective. Allelopathy refers to the phenomenon where plants release specific chemical substances into the environment, directly or indirectly inhibiting or promoting the growth, development, and survival of other plants (including those of the same or different species). Synergistic allelopathy refers to the combined effect of two or more substances / factors, enhancing the overall effect. The main host plants include sweet tea from Guangxi, which is the core host of gall mites; Smilax china, which acts as a trapping plant, attracts gall mites to become temporary "hosts" and facilitates targeted extermination; and Satsuma mandarin, which may become a secondary host of gall mites under intercropping, but its volatile terpenes (such as limonene) can synergistically repel gall mites and reduce pest density.

[0011] Preferably, the sandwich diamond layout in step 1) comprises 3 layers of intercropping strips, with a spacing of 0.5-1m between each strip, wherein:

[0012] The planting density of lemongrass strips is 6-8 plants / m², and the plant height is controlled at 0.8-1.2m. It forms a chemical repellency layer by releasing active substances such as lemongrass oil.

[0013] Satsuma mandarins and Guangxi sweet tea are planted at a 1:1 ratio with a row spacing of 0.8m × 1.0m, utilizing the allelopathic synergistic effect between the volatile terpenes and other active substances of Satsuma mandarins and sweet tea.

[0014] The perilla strips are planted in double rows with staggered planting, with a 0.4m interval between rows to release active substances such as perillaldehyde and limonene;

[0015] These active substances form volatiles, which are mainly distributed in 15° inclined planting troughs set at the boundary of the perilla intercropping zone, so that the volatile substances form a centripetal concentration gradient field.

[0016] In this embodiment, by controlling the spacing of the three-layer intercropping strips (0.5-1m) and designing an inclined planting trough, the lemongrass oil secreted by lemongrass and the insect-repelling active substances released by perilla create a synergistic effect, forming a protective layer of volatile terpenoids with a concentration of ≥1.2μg / m³ in the sweet tea planting area, which has a higher repellency efficiency than traditional straight planting.

[0017] Preferably, the Smilax china attractant plant is planted alternately with Guangxi sweet tea at a ratio of 1:8-10, and pulsed application of the pesticide is carried out during the peak hatching period of gall mite (March-April and September-October), specifically including:

[0018] A mixture of 0.5% matrine aqueous solution and 0.3% azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate was prepared at a volume ratio of 2:1.

[0019] Spray once every 7 days, and repeat for 3 times to form a treatment cycle;

[0020] Cover with a rainproof film (with a light transmittance of ≥85%) within 6 hours after spraying to ensure the pesticide penetrates.

[0021] This program, using a target-to-trapping ratio of 1:8-10 combined with pulsed application of pesticides during peak hatching (3 cycles × 7 days), increases the insect load per unit area on Smilax china leaves, improving killing efficiency compared to conventional methods. The application of a rainproof film further enhances the retention of matrine on the leaves.

[0022] Preferably, in step (2), the sodium alginate-attapulgite clay composite water-retaining and slow-release particles are cross-linked at a mass ratio of 3:1 and loaded with humic acid microcapsules (particle size 50-80 μm). The preparation method includes:

[0023] Attapulgite clay was activated with 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid and then mixed with sodium alginate solution (6% concentration) by ultrasonic vibration (40 kHz).

[0024] Add humic acid microcapsules and 0.1% CaCl2 crosslinking agent, and form porous gel particles with a diameter of 2-3 mm by microporous extrusion granulation;

[0025] Vacuum dried at 60℃ to a moisture content of ≤8%, resulting in intelligent water-retaining granules with pH buffering (pH 6.2-6.8) and controlled nitrogen and phosphorus release functions.

[0026] This solution utilizes a 3:1 mass ratio of sodium alginate to attapulgite clay composite cross-linking, combined with humic acid microcapsule loading, to enable the water-retaining particles to release humic acid simultaneously as they absorb water and expand, thereby increasing the soil organic matter content. The microporous extrusion granulation process forms interconnected pores (porosity ≥ 65%), allowing the water release of the water-retaining particles within 72 hours to effectively match the water absorption rhythm of the sweet tea root system.

[0027] Preferably, the composite matrix is ​​constructed using a vertically layered structure:

[0028] Top layer (0-15cm): Mix composite substrate with earthworm castings (20% by volume) and lay at a density of 1.2g / cm³;

[0029] Intermediate layer (15-30cm): Composite matrix embedded in bamboo fiber mesh (5mm×5mm pore size), the mesh is filled with a mixture of sugarcane bagasse biochar and vermiculite (3:1);

[0030] Bottom layer (30-50cm): Set up a drainage layer of volcanic rock fragments (particle size 10-20mm) with a thickness of 20cm, and cover the surface with a polylactic acid slow-release film (degradation cycle 180 days).

[0031] This solution provides readily available nutrients (available nitrogen ≥ 120 mg / kg) through a top layer of earthworm castings, enhances shear strength through a middle layer of bamboo fiber mesh, and improves soil saturated hydraulic conductivity through a bottom layer of volcanic rock drainage. The lactic acid released during the degradation of the polylactic acid slow-release membrane dynamically regulates the rhizosphere pH, and the pH fluctuations during the degradation cycle inhibit the reproduction of soil-borne pathogens.

[0032] Preferably, a biological buffer zone is set up between the lemongrass and Guangxi sweet tea planting areas, and wild chrysanthemum, a local plant with allelopathic neutralizing function, is planted there. Chrysanthemum indica The wild chrysanthemums were planted at intervals of 1 meter for every 3 meters of lemongrass strips, and sugarcane bagasse fermented microbial fertilizer (2 kg / m²) was applied to the roots of the wild chrysanthemum strips. The microbial fertilizer contained Trichoderma ( Trichoderma harzianum ) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria ( Azotobacter chroococcum Compound microbial agent (effective viable count ≥ 5 × 10⁻⁶) 8 CFU / g).

[0033] The wild chrysanthemums in this project can attract beneficial insects (such as ladybugs), and the sugarcane bagasse microbial fertilizer utilizes local agricultural waste in Guangxi, reducing raw material costs.

[0034] Preferably, the composite matrix undergoes in-situ regeneration treatment during the dry season each year, specifically including:

[0035] During tillage, mix in crushed waste sugarcane leaves (particle size ≤2cm, addition amount 15% by volume) and quicklime (1kg / m²).

[0036] Spray molasses fermentation liquid (sugar content 12°Bx, dosage 3L / m²) to activate the local microbial community;

[0037] Cover with biodegradable hemp fiber mulch (80% water permeability, 0.2mm thickness), which will decompose naturally after 60 days.

[0038] The sugarcane leaf fragments in this solution increase soil porosity, the molasses fermentation liquid increases the number of actinomycetes, and the cost of hemp fiber mulch film is only 1 / 5 of that of plastic mulch film, with no white pollution.

[0039] Preferably, the ratio of the attracting to the repelling plants is dynamically adjusted according to the season:

[0040] During the dry season (November to April): the ratio of Smilax china to sweet tea is increased to 1:6, and the planting density of Perilla frutescens is reduced by 30%;

[0041] Rainy season (May-October): The ratio of Smilax glabra to Lemongrass drops to 1:10, and the density of Lemongrass strips increases to 8 plants / m²;

[0042] Adaptive adjustment of repellency intensity is achieved by inserting slow-release rods containing cinnamaldehyde (release rate 0.1 mg / day).

[0043] This program dynamically adjusts the capture rate of gall mites to remain stable at 5-8 mites per leaf throughout the year (compared to 12-20 mites per leaf in a fixed-ratio program); the cinnamaldehyde slow-release stick uses a by-product of cinnamon processing, a specialty of Guangxi, to reduce costs; and the frequency of human intervention is reduced.

[0044] Preferably, a bamboo tube micro-moistening system is pre-embedded in the soil amendment layer, comprising:

[0045] Perforated bamboo tubes with a diameter of 8cm (hole spacing 10cm, hole diameter 2mm) are buried longitudinally in the root zone of sweet tea (depth 30cm).

[0046] The bamboo tube is filled with water-absorbing resin (water-retaining agent: coconut coir = 3:1) to form a slow-release core;

[0047] A ceramic pipe gravity flow system (slope ≥ 5°) connects the rainwater collection pool on the mountaintop to the bamboo tubes, enabling gradient utilization of rainwater.

[0048] The bamboo tube system in this solution keeps the soil moisture content stable at 18-22% during the dry season; it utilizes the abundant bamboo resources in Guangxi, is less expensive than drip irrigation, has a higher rainwater utilization rate, and is suitable for mountainous areas without electricity supply.

[0049] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0050] 1. This invention has good ecological benefits, which can reduce the amount of pesticides used and improve biodiversity. By releasing insect-repelling active ingredients such as citronella oil (containing citral, etc.), perillaldehyde and orange oil from repellent plants such as lemongrass, perilla, and tangerine, combined with the targeted attraction of smilax and plant-derived pesticides, the amount of pesticides used is reduced and pesticide residues are not detected. The number of beneficial insects such as ladybugs increases significantly, soil microorganisms are enhanced, and a benign micro-ecology is formed.

[0051] 2. This invention significantly improves the efficiency of pest control. It uses a physical barrier of lemongrass with a plant height of about 1.2m, combined with perilla strips, and a rhomboid insect repellent system constructed by attracting and killing Smilax glabra, which significantly reduces the insect population density. It also uses an adaptive adjustment of the Smilax glabra ratio of 1:6 to 1:10 between dry and wet seasons and photoperiodic trapping to reduce the range of pest fluctuations.

[0052] 3. This invention effectively improves the soil microenvironment. The composite matrix of sugarcane bagasse biochar, vermiculite, and water-retaining particles extends the soil water retention time from 24 hours to 72 hours, with a porosity of ≥65%. The activation of white rot fungi and nano-silicate activators restore the matrix porosity to 95%, and the water absorption ratio of the water-retaining particles is increased to 25 g / g, demonstrating strong regeneration capabilities.

[0053] 4. This invention enables the localized utilization of sugarcane bagasse / bamboo, improves the recycling rate of waste, and is very environmentally friendly and sustainable.

[0054] 5. This invention uses a bamboo tube micro-moistening system to maintain soil moisture content, achieving water retention during the dry season. The volcanic rock layer has high water conductivity, achieving drainage during the rainy season, which is very suitable for the distinct dry and wet seasons of Guangxi.

[0055] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the rhomboid structure of the mite-repellent-attracting composite intercropping system of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the planting of lemongrass strips according to the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the planting of the perilla strip according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planting area in the core region of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a structure with parallel planting lines as a comparison. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to examples, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0062] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] A comprehensive control method for *Gallus gallus domesticus* based on ecological regulation in Guangxi, taking the implementation of comprehensive control on a loess hillside in Guangxi as an example, includes:

[0065] Step 1: Construct a sandwich-shaped diamond-patterned repellency-attraction composite planting system, such as... Figure 1~4 As shown:

[0066] (a) Construction of an outer odor barrier: Lemongrass will be planted in a ring around the perimeter of the sweet tea growing area. Cymbopogon citric The plants are arranged in a diamond pattern with a row spacing of 1.2m × 0.8m (row spacing of 1.2m and plant spacing of 0.8m on the diagonal of the diamond), with a planting density of 6-8 plants / m², forming a physical odor-repelling barrier with a height of 0.8~1.2m.

[0067] (b) Setting up an intermediate allelopathic barrier: Perilla (…) is placed inside the lemongrass barrier. Perilla frutescens The perilla strips are planted in double rows with an interval of 0.4m between rows. A chemical repellency layer is established through the release of volatile active substances such as perillaldehyde and limonene from the leaves. The height of the perilla strips is 0.6~0.8 meters.

[0068] (c) Targeted trapping control in the core area: Guangxi sweet tea and sugar orange are interplanted at 1-meter intervals in the core area, and Smilax china is planted at a ratio of 1:6-10 as a trapping plant for gall mites; the height of the sweet tea core area is 2-2.5 meters.

[0069] Step 2: Implement gradient slow-release soil ecological improvement

[0070] (d) Preparation of composite matrix: Loess (60%), sugarcane bagasse biochar (25%), vermiculite (10%) and sodium alginate-attapulgite clay composite water-retaining particles (5%) are mixed by volume ratio, wherein the water-retaining particles have a diameter of 2-3 mm and a water absorption ratio ≥25 g / g.

[0071] Step 3: Management

[0072] (e) Spray the leaves of Smilax china with a compound solution of 0.5% matrine and 0.3% azadirachtin every 7 days, and cover with a rainproof film with a light transmittance of ≥85% for 6 hours after spraying.

[0073] In addition, winter management is implemented by sowing Artemisia seeds around the host plant to inhibit the survival of overwintering adult gall mites. The sowing rate of Artemisia is 50-80 g / m², and the sowing time is from late November to early December. After sowing, sugarcane bagasse biochar particles with a particle size ≤5mm are covered with a thickness of 2-3cm to enhance moisture retention and promote Artemisia germination. The undecomposed covering is removed in March of the following year.

[0074] Comparative Example 1

[0075] Comparative Example 1: Conventional Guangxi sweet tea monoculture was implemented with a row spacing of 1.5m × 1.5m, application of chemical pesticides (imidacloprid, sprayed once every 15 days), conventional irrigation, and no winter management.

[0076] The data from Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are compared in Table 1 below:

[0077] Table 1

[0078]

[0079] Example 2

[0080] Based on Example 1, the intercropping structure is further optimized, including:

[0081] Lemongrass was planted in a diamond pattern around the perimeter of the sweet tea planting area, with a row spacing of 1.0m × 0.8m, a planting density of 7 plants / m², and a plant height controlled at 1.0m. Gas chromatography analysis showed that the concentration of citral released by the lemongrass was ≥1.2μg / m³, forming an outer chemical barrier.

[0082] A double-row staggered planting strip of perilla was set up inside the lemongrass strip, with an intra-row spacing of 0.4m and a row spacing of 0.6m. Through leaf volatile substance testing, the concentration of perillaldehyde released by the perilla was ≥0.95 μg / m³. Figure 1 and 3 As shown, a 15° inclined planting trough is set at the boundary of the intercropping zone, facing the core area, to guide volatile terpenoids to diffuse into the core area of ​​the sweet tea, forming a centripetal concentration gradient field.

[0083] Guangxi sweet tea and sugar oranges were planted at a 1:1 row ratio with a row spacing of 0.8m × 1.0m; the limonene released by the sugar oranges (GC-MS concentration ≥0.5μg / m³) synergistically enhanced the repellent effect with other volatile substances;

[0084] Smilax china is planted between each row of sweet tea plants as attractant, at a ratio of 1:8 (smilax china: sweet tea).

[0085] Comparative Example 2

[0086] like Figure 5As shown, the difference from Example 2 is that in Comparative Example 2, lemongrass and perilla were planted in a straight parallel line (row spacing 1.5m) without inclined planting troughs, and tangerines and sweet tea were planted in a conventional intercropping ratio of 1:3.

[0087] The effect data of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 are compared in Table 2 below:

[0088] Table 2

[0089]

[0090] Example 3

[0091] Based on Example 1, precise control was implemented in the Smilax glabra trapping area:

[0092] Smilax china and Guangxi sweet tea were planted at a ratio of 1:8.

[0093] On March 20, March 27 and April 3, spray the compound agent (matrine: azadirachtin = 2:1), and cover with a rainproof film with 90% light transmittance after spraying;

[0094] Six hours later, the residual amount of pesticide solution on the leaves was 0.85 mg / cm² (HPLC verification).

[0095] Comparative Example 3

[0096] The difference from Example 3 is that the ratio of Smilax glabra to sweet tea in Comparative Example 3 is 1:8, and matrine (a compound without azadirachtin) is sprayed every 15 days, without rainproof film covering.

[0097] The data from Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 are compared in Table 3 below:

[0098] Table 3

[0099]

[0100] Example 4

[0101] Preparation of functionalized water-retaining particles:

[0102] After attapulgite clay is activated with 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid, it is mixed with 6% sodium alginate solution by ultrasonic vibration (40 kHz). Humic acid microcapsules (particle size 60 μm) and 0.1% CaCl2 crosslinking agent are added. After stirring and mixing evenly, porous gel particles with a diameter of 2-3 mm are formed by micropore extrusion granulation.

[0103] After microporous extrusion granulation, the particles are dried at 60℃ to a moisture content of ≤8% to obtain intelligent water-retaining particles with a diameter of about 2.5mm, which have pH buffering (pH 6.2-6.8) and nitrogen and phosphorus controlled release functions.

[0104] The granules have a water absorption rate of 25g / g and a water release rate of 82% after 72 hours (tested by centrifugation).

[0105] Comparative Example 4

[0106] Unlike Example 4, Comparative Example 4 uses an existing water-retaining agent: sodium polyacrylate water-retaining agent, replacing the composite water-retaining particles in the same proportion (5%).

[0107] The data from Example 4 and Comparative Example 4 are compared in Table 4 below:

[0108] Table 4

[0109]

[0110] Example 5

[0111] Based on Example 1, layered soil construction was implemented:

[0112] Bottom layer (30-50cm): Lay a drainage layer of volcanic rock fragments with a particle size of 10-20mm, with a thickness of 20cm; its surface is covered with a polylactic acid slow-release film (degradation period of about 180 days).

[0113] Intermediate layer (15-30cm): bamboo fiber mesh (5mm×5mm pore size) is embedded in the composite matrix, and the mesh is filled with a mixture of sugarcane bagasse biochar and vermiculite (3:1);

[0114] Surface layer (0-15cm): Mix the composite substrate with earthworm castings (20% by volume) and lay at a density of 1.2g / cm³.

[0115] Comparative Example 5

[0116] Unlike Example 5, Comparative Example 5 uses a scheme in which all the improved materials are uniformly mixed in three layers, without a layered structure.

[0117] The data comparison is shown in Table 5 below:

[0118] Table 5

[0119]

[0120] Example 6

[0121] Based on Example 1, a biological buffer zone was further established between the lemongrass and Guangxi sweet tea planting areas:

[0122] Interplant 1 meter of wild chrysanthemum strips with every 3 meters of lemongrass strips to attract beneficial insects. Apply sugarcane bagasse fermented microbial fertilizer (2 kg / m²) to the roots of the wild chrysanthemum strips. The microbial fertilizer contains a compound microbial agent of Trichoderma and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (effective viable count ≥ 5 × 10⁻⁶). 8 CFU / g).

[0123] Comparative Example 6

[0124] The difference from Example 6 is that Comparative Example 6 does not have a buffer zone: lemongrass and sweet tea are planted directly adjacent to each other, wild chrysanthemum buffer zone is not set up, and ordinary chemical fertilizer is applied.

[0125] The results are compared in Table 6 below:

[0126] Table 6

[0127]

[0128] Example 7

[0129] Based on Example 1, the composite matrix undergoes in-situ regeneration treatment every dry season to revitalize the soil in situ.

[0130] During dry season plowing, mix in crushed sugarcane leaves (particle size ≤2cm, addition amount 15% by volume) + 1kg / m² quicklime;

[0131] Spray molasses fermentation liquid (sugar content 12°Bx, dosage 3L / m²) to activate the local microbial community, and cover with hemp fiber mulch (80% water permeability, 0.2mm thickness).

[0132] Mercury intrusion porosimetry analysis showed that the soil porosity recovered from 32% to 48% after 60 days.

[0133] Comparative Example 7

[0134] Compared to Example 7, Comparative Example 7 had no activation treatment: only soil was tilled, without the addition of sugarcane leaves, molasses fermentation liquid, and hemp fiber mulch.

[0135] The data comparison is shown in Table 7 below:

[0136] Table 7

[0137]

[0138] Example 8

[0139] Based on Example 1, dynamically adjust the attraction-repulsion method:

[0140] During the dry season (November to April): the ratio of Smilax glabra to sweet tea is 1:6, and the planting density of Perilla frutescens is reduced by 30%.

[0141] Rainy season (May-October): Adjust to 1:10, increase lemongrass density to 8 plants / m²;

[0142] By inserting a slow-release rod containing cinnamaldehyde (0.1 mg / day).

[0143] Statistics show that the insect population density has stabilized at 7 insects per leaf; the frequency of human intervention has been reduced from once a week to once a quarter.

[0144] Comparative Example 8

[0145] Compared to Example 8, Comparative Example 8 used a fixed ratio for induction: the ratio of Smilax glabra to sweet tea was kept constant at 1:8 throughout the year, the density of Perilla frutescens remained unchanged, and no cinnamaldehyde slow-release rod was used.

[0146] The data from both are compared in Table 8 below:

[0147]

[0148] Example 9

[0149] Based on Example 1, a bamboo tube micro-moistening system is pre-embedded and deployed in the soil amendment layer:

[0150] A perforated bamboo tube with a diameter of 8cm (hole spacing 10cm, hole diameter 2mm) is buried longitudinally in the root zone of sweet tea (depth 30cm), and filled with water-absorbing resin + coconut coir (water-retaining agent: coconut coir = 3:1) to form a slow-release core;

[0151] A gravity-flow system is formed by connecting the rainwater collection pool on the mountaintop and the bamboo tubes through ceramic pipes (slope ≥ 5°). The soil moisture content is maintained at around 20% during the dry season by TDR monitoring.

[0152] Comparative Example 9

[0153] Compared to Example 9, Comparative Example 9 uses conventional furrow irrigation: it adopts the traditional furrow irrigation method without the bamboo tube micro-moistening system and rain collection device.

[0154] The data from both are compared in Table 9 below:

[0155]

[0156] In summary, this invention has good ecological benefits, high pest control efficiency, and effectively improves the soil microenvironment. It is suitable for sweet tea cultivation in subtropical hilly areas such as Guangxi. It can solve the technical problems of pesticide resistance in gall mites caused by traditional pesticides and environmental pollution, poor water retention in barren loess soil creating a suitable environment for gall mites, and single cultivation mode exacerbating the risk of pest and disease outbreaks.

[0157] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Further modifications can be readily implemented by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for integrated control of *Gallus gallus domesticus* in Guangxi based on ecological regulation, characterized in that, include: 1) Construct a mite-repellent and attractant intercropping system, with lemongrass planted on the periphery to form an odor barrier, perilla in the middle, and Guangxi sweet tea and sugar orange intercropped in the core area to form a composite diamond layout; the composite diamond layout includes 3 layers of intercropping strips, with each strip spaced 0.5-1m apart, wherein the lemongrass strip has a planting density of 6-8 plants / m. 2 The plant height is controlled at 0.8~1.2m, forming a chemical repellent layer by releasing insect-repelling active ingredients; Satsuma mandarins and Guangxi sweet tea are planted at a 1:1 row ratio with a row spacing of 0.8m×1.0m to release insect-repelling active ingredients; the perilla strip is planted in double rows with an interval of 0.4m within the row to release insect-repelling active ingredients; a 15° inclined planting trough is set at the boundary of the perilla intercropping strip, facing the core area, so that volatile substances form a centripetal concentration gradient field; In the core area, Smilax china is planted in the intercropping strips formed by alternating planting of Guangxi sweet tea and sugar orange as a attractant for gall mites. The Smilax china attractant is planted alternately with Guangxi sweet tea at a ratio of 1:8-10. During the peak hatching period of gall mites, pesticides are applied, specifically: a mixture of 0.5% matrine aqueous solution and 0.3% azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate at a volume ratio of 2:1 is used; spraying is done once every 7 days, for a total of 3 applications to form a pesticide cycle; after spraying, a rainproof film with a light transmittance of ≥85% is covered within 6 hours to ensure pesticide penetration. 2) Implement soil micro-ecological improvement by using a composite matrix containing 60-65% loess, 20-25% sugarcane bagasse biochar, 10-12% vermiculite and 3-5% sodium alginate-attapulgite clay composite water-retaining and slow-release particles to form a water-retaining and breathable layer with slow-release function. 3) Implement winter management by sowing mugwort seeds around the host plant to inhibit the survival of overwintering adult gall mites; the sowing rate is 50-80 g / m². 2 The sowing time is from late November to early December; after sowing, cover with sugarcane bagasse biochar particles with a particle size ≤5mm, with a thickness of 2~3cm, to enhance moisture retention and promote the germination of Artemisia argyi; remove the undecomposed covering in March of the following year.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sodium alginate-attapulgite clay composite water-retaining and slow-release particles in step 2) are cross-linked at a mass ratio of 3:1 and loaded with humic acid microcapsules. The preparation method includes: Attapulgite clay was activated with hydrochloric acid and then mixed with sodium alginate solution by ultrasonic vibration. Add humic acid microcapsules and CaCl2 crosslinking agent, and form porous gel particles with a diameter of 2-3 mm by microporous extrusion granulation. Vacuum dried at no higher than 60℃ until the moisture content is ≤8%, to obtain intelligent water-retaining granules with buffering and nitrogen and phosphorus controlled release functions.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The composite matrix is ​​constructed using a vertically layered structure. Surface layer: A mixture of composite substrate and earthworm castings, laid at a density of 1.2 g / cm³. 3 ; Middle layer: A composite matrix is ​​embedded in a bamboo fiber mesh, and the mesh is filled with a mixture of sugarcane bagasse biochar and vermiculite; Bottom layer: A drainage layer of volcanic rock fragments is installed.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A biological buffer zone was established between the lemongrass and Guangxi sweet tea planting areas, and wild chrysanthemum, a native plant, was planted there. The wild chrysanthemum was planted at intervals of 1 meter for every 3 meters of lemongrass, and sugarcane bagasse fermented microbial fertilizer was applied to the roots of the wild chrysanthemum. This microbial fertilizer contained a compound inoculant of Trichoderma and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, with an effective viable count ≥5×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The composite substrate undergoes in-situ regeneration treatment every dry season, specifically including: Crushed waste sugarcane leaves and quicklime were mixed in during plowing; Spraying molasses fermentation liquid activates the local microbial community; Cover with biodegradable hemp fiber mulch, which will decompose naturally after 60 days.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of Smilax glabra attractant to repellent plants is dynamically adjusted according to the season: During the dry season: the ratio of Smilax china to sweet tea is increased to 1:6, and the planting density of Perilla frutescens is reduced by 30%; Rainy season: The ratio of Smilax glabra to sweet tea decreases to 1:10, and the lemongrass belt is increased to 8 plants / m². 2 ; The repellency intensity can be adaptively adjusted by inserting slow-release rods containing cinnamaldehyde.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A bamboo tube micro-moistening system is pre-embedded in the soil amendment layer, including: Perforated bamboo tubes were buried longitudinally in the root zone of the sweet tea plantation. The bamboo tube is filled with absorbent resin to form a slow-release core; A ceramic pipe gravity flow system connecting the rainwater collection pool on the mountaintop to the bamboo tubes enables the gradient utilization of rainwater.

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