A near-vertical narrow-gap laser welding device and method based on coaxial wire feeding process

By combining near-vertical narrow-gap laser welding with adaptive clamping and coaxial wire feeding, the problems of uneven weld performance and complex processes in narrow-gap welding were solved, achieving efficient and high-quality welding results.

CN120133715BActive Publication Date: 2026-07-10NANJING UNIV OF AERONAUTICS & ASTRONAUTICS
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN Β· China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
NANJING UNIV OF AERONAUTICS & ASTRONAUTICS
Filing Date
2025-03-06
Publication Date
2026-07-10

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Traditional narrow-gap welding technology suffers from problems such as uneven weld microstructure and properties, complex processes, and low efficiency, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision and high-efficiency welding.

Method used

A near-vertical narrow-gap laser welding method combined with coaxial wire feeding technology is employed. An adaptive clamping mechanism and multi-layer concentric annular gas channels are used to deposit metal wires layer by layer in a near-vertical direction through the welding mechanism. Combined with local cooling and gas protection, high-precision positioning and uniform thermal circulation are achieved.

Benefits of technology

It significantly improves welding efficiency and weld uniformity, simplifies the process, reduces time and thermal deformation, and enhances welding quality and reliability.

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Abstract

The application discloses a kind of near-vertical narrow gap laser welding device and method based on coaxial wire feeding process, the device is mainly by support frame, adaptive clamping mechanism and welding mechanism constitute. Among them, adaptive clamping mechanism adopts multiple auxiliary support bar design, can be dynamically adjusted along vertical direction, to adapt to different geometric shape workpiece. Auxiliary support bar upper end is integrated with vacuum chuck, inside is equipped with cooling air hole, for realizing the local temperature control of welding area. Welding mechanism is equipped with coaxial wire feeding welding module, its periphery is equipped with multiple concentric circular ring gas channel, can form stable laminar flow protective gas curtain. Near-vertical narrow gap welding method proposed in the application by layer-by-layer deposition metal wire along near-vertical direction, significantly reduce the long trajectory reciprocating motion of welding tool between start point and end point, shorten interlayer cooling time, simplify process flow. Meanwhile, the method can realize uniform heat cycle, effectively improve the uniformity of weld structure and mechanical properties.
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