A new energy vehicle three-electricity thermal control system based on a loop heat pipe

Abstract

The application relates to a new energy automobile "three-electricity" thermal control system based on a loop heat pipe in the technical field of new energy automobile thermal management, which comprises three-electricity components and a loop heat pipe; the three-electricity components comprise an electric drive, an electric control and a battery pack; the loop heat pipe comprises an evaporator assembly, a main condenser, a secondary condenser, a cold plate assembly, a pipeline system and a stop valve; the cold plate assembly comprises an electric control cold plate group and a battery pack cold plate group. The loop heat pipe in the application forms a self-adapting passive phase change heat transfer two-phase fluid loop in the three-electricity components, does not need to provide additional power consumption by a pump, has better energy-saving effect, only needs to control the temperature of a liquid accumulator, and has simple control logic; the system thermal resistance is small, and the temperature uniformity can be guaranteed to be within 1 DEG C.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal management technology for new energy vehicles, and in particular to a thermal control system for the "three electrics" of new energy vehicles based on a loop heat pipe. Background Technology

[0002] The thermal management system of new energy vehicles undertakes multiple tasks, including ensuring vehicle safety, efficient operation, and passenger comfort. Pure electric vehicles utilize a new type of electric motor drive mode to replace the traditional generator, and also incorporate a power battery. The thermal management system of new energy vehicles mainly includes vehicle air conditioning thermal management, battery thermal management, and motor and electronic control thermal management. These three aspects are collectively referred to as "three-electric" thermal management.

[0003] The operating temperature of a power battery directly affects its performance, safety, and lifespan. Drive motors and motor controllers operate at high currents, easily generating heat with high heat flux. This heat accumulation causes the equipment temperature to rise, leading to reduced electrode power, burnout of motor windings and IGBTs inside the DC-DC converter, ultimately rendering the vehicle unusable. Current battery, motor, and electronic control thermal management systems use water cooling. These systems are insufficient for dissipating the high heat flux of electronic components in the motor and electronic control system, resulting in reduced vehicle range. Furthermore, when the water cooling system cools the battery pack, the outlet temperature is higher than the inlet temperature, resulting in poor temperature uniformity. This significantly impacts battery pack performance and can easily lead to safety issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems in existing thermal control systems for the "three electrics" of new energy vehicles—insufficient heat dissipation capacity of motors and high-heat-flux-density electronic components, poor temperature uniformity of battery packs, and unsatisfactory heat dissipation performance of battery packs during vehicle charging—this invention discloses a thermal control system for the "three electrics" of new energy vehicles based on a loop heat pipe. The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] A thermal control system for the "three electrics" of a new energy vehicle based on a loop heat pipe, comprising the three electric components and a loop heat pipe;

[0006] The three electrical components include electric drive, electric control, and battery pack;

[0007] The loop heat pipe includes an evaporator assembly, a main condenser, a secondary condenser, a cold plate assembly, a piping system, and a shut-off valve;

[0008] The cold plate assembly includes an electronic control cold plate group and a battery pack cold plate group;

[0009] The evaporator assembly is used to absorb the heat from the electric drive. The main condenser is connected to the evaporator assembly and the battery pack cold plate assembly through the piping system. The secondary condenser is connected to the evaporator assembly and the electronically controlled cold plate assembly through the piping system. The main condenser and the secondary condenser are connected through the piping system, and the shut-off valve is installed on the connecting pipe. The electronically controlled cold plate assembly is used to absorb the heat generated by the electronic control system, and the battery pack cold plate assembly is used to absorb the heat generated by the battery pack.

[0010] Preferably, the electric drive includes an electric drive oil cooler and an electric drive controller;

[0011] Preferably, the electronic control system includes an on-board computer and a power conversion system;

[0012] Preferably, the battery pack includes n battery modules;

[0013] Preferably, the evaporator assembly includes a first evaporator, a first liquid reservoir, a second evaporator, and a second liquid reservoir;

[0014] Preferably, the first evaporator is connected to the first liquid receiver, and the first evaporator is used to absorb the heat generated by the electric drive oil cooler; the second evaporator is connected to the second liquid receiver, and the second evaporator is used to absorb the heat generated by the electric drive controller.

[0015] Preferably, the electronically controlled cold plate assembly includes a first cold plate and a second cold plate;

[0016] Preferably, the first cold plate is attached to the vehicle-mounted computer, and the second cold plate is attached to the power conversion system.

[0017] Preferably, the battery pack cold plate assembly includes n third cold plates, and each battery module is fitted with one of the third cold plates.

[0018] Preferably, both the main condenser and the secondary condenser are water-cooled heat exchangers.

[0019] Preferably, the working fluid in the loop heat pipe is selected from one of the following: ammonia, dimethyl ether, R161, methanol, n-butene, isobutene, etc.

[0020] Preferably, the first cold plate, the second cold plate, and the third cold plate are all harmonica tubes.

[0021] Preferably, the piping system includes a first steam pipeline, a second steam pipeline, a first main steam pipeline, a first main liquid pipeline, a second main steam pipeline, a second main liquid pipeline, a first liquid pipeline, a second liquid pipeline, and a bypass;

[0022] Preferably, the first steam line connects the first main steam line and the first evaporator, the second steam line connects the first main steam line and the second evaporator, the first liquid line connects the first liquid reservoir and the second main liquid line, the second liquid line connects the second liquid reservoir and the second main liquid line, the bypass connects the first main steam line and the second main liquid line, the first main steam line connects to the main condenser, the second main liquid line connects to the secondary condenser, the first main liquid line connects to the main condenser and the battery pack cold plate assembly, the second main steam line connects to the electric drive cold plate assembly and the secondary condenser, and the shut-off valve is located on the bypass.

[0023] The loop heat pipe in this invention forms an adaptive passive phase change heat transfer two-phase fluid loop in the three electrical components. It does not require a pump to provide additional power consumption, resulting in better energy saving. Moreover, it only needs to control the temperature of the liquid reservoir, making the control logic simple. The system has low thermal resistance, and the temperature uniformity can be guaranteed to be within 1°C. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a thermal control system for the "three electrics" of a new energy vehicle based on a loop heat pipe.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a cold plate.

[0027] In the above figures, the figure numbers indicate the following:

[0028] 1. Electric-driven oil cooler;

[0029] 2. Electric drive controller;

[0030] 3. In-vehicle computer;

[0031] 4. Power conversion system;

[0032] 5. Battery module;

[0033] 6. First evaporator;

[0034] 7. First liquid reservoir;

[0035] 8. Second evaporator;

[0036] 9. Second liquid reservoir;

[0037] 10. Main condenser;

[0038] 11. Secondary condenser;

[0039] 12. Stop valve;

[0040] 13, First Cold Plate;

[0041] 14. Second cold plate;

[0042] 15, Third Cold Plate;

[0043] 16. First steam pipeline;

[0044] 17. Second steam pipeline;

[0045] 18. First main steam pipeline;

[0046] 19. First main fluid pipeline;

[0047] 20, Second main steam pipeline;

[0048] 21, Second main liquid pipeline;

[0049] 22, First liquid pipeline;

[0050] 23, Second liquid pipeline;

[0051] 24. Bypass. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Example

[0054] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a thermal control system for the "three electrics" of a new energy vehicle based on a loop heat pipe includes three electric components and a loop heat pipe. The three electric components include an electric drive, an electric control system, and a battery pack. The electric drive includes an electric drive oil cooler 1 and an electric drive controller 2. The electric control system includes an on-board computer 3 and a power conversion system 4. The battery pack includes four battery modules 5. In this embodiment, the loop heat pipe manages the heat of the three electric components in a unified manner.

[0055] The loop heat pipe includes a first evaporator 6, a first liquid receiver 7, a second evaporator 8, a second liquid receiver 9, a main condenser 10, a secondary condenser 11, a cold plate assembly, a piping system, and a shut-off valve 12.

[0056] The cold plate assembly includes an electronic control cold plate group and a battery pack cold plate group; the electronic control cold plate group includes a first cold plate 13 and a second cold plate 14; the battery pack cold plate group includes four third cold plates 15.

[0057] The first evaporator 6 is connected to the first liquid reservoir 7. The first evaporator 6 is used to absorb the heat generated by the electric drive oil cooler 1. The second evaporator 8 is connected to the second liquid reservoir 9. The second evaporator 8 is used to absorb the heat generated by the electric drive controller 2. The first cold plate 13 is attached to the vehicle computer 3. The power conversion system 4 is attached to the second cold plate 14. The four third cold plates 15 are attached to the four battery modules 5 respectively.

[0058] The piping system includes a first steam pipeline 16, a second steam pipeline 17, a first main steam pipeline 18, a first main liquid pipeline 19, a second main steam pipeline 20, a second main liquid pipeline 21, a first liquid pipeline 22, a second liquid pipeline 23, and a bypass 24.

[0059] The first steam line 16 connects the first main steam line 18 and the first evaporator 6; the second steam line 17 connects the first main steam line 18 and the second evaporator 8; the first liquid line 22 connects the first liquid reservoir 7 and the second main liquid line 21; the second liquid line 23 connects the second liquid reservoir 9 and the second main liquid line 21; the bypass 24 connects the first main steam line 18 and the second main liquid line 21; the first main steam line 18 connects to the main condenser 10; the second main liquid line 21 connects to the secondary condenser 11; the first main liquid line 19 connects to the main condenser 10 and the battery pack cold plate assembly; the second main steam line 20 connects to the electric drive cold plate assembly and the secondary condenser 11; and the shut-off valve 12 is located on the bypass 24.

[0060] In this embodiment, both the main condenser 10 and the secondary condenser 11 are water-cooled heat exchangers.

[0061] In this embodiment, the heat-conducting medium in the loop heat pipe is ammonia.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first cold plate 13, the second cold plate 14, and the third cold plate 15 are all harmonica tubes, which can effectively improve heat exchange efficiency. The cross-section is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0063] The thermal control process differs in this embodiment when the vehicle is running or charging.

[0064] During vehicle operation, the electric drive is the component with the highest heat load among the three electric components. The shut-off valve 12 is in the closed state, and the bypass 24 is not open.

[0065] After receiving heat from the electric-driven oil cooler 1, the working fluid ammonia in the first evaporator 6 evaporates into steam and enters the first steam pipe 16. After receiving heat from the electric drive controller 2, the working fluid ammonia in the second evaporator 8 evaporates into steam and enters the second steam pipe 17. The steam from the first steam pipe 16 and the second steam pipe 17 converge and enter the first main steam pipe 18. After being cooled by the main condenser 10, the steam condenses into liquid. The liquid working fluid is distributed by the first main liquid pipe 19 to the third cold plates 15 connected to the battery modules 5. After absorbing heat from the battery module 5, the working fluid sequentially enters the first cold plate 13 connected to the vehicle computer 3 and the second cold plate 14 connected to the power conversion system 4. After absorbing heat from the battery pack and electronic control system, the liquid working fluid vaporizes into gas. The vaporized working fluid then enters the secondary condenser 11 along the second main vapor pipeline 20 for cooling, and then condenses back into liquid, entering the second main liquid pipeline 21. The liquid working fluid in the second main liquid pipeline 21 returns to the first liquid reservoir 7 and the second liquid reservoir 9 along the first liquid pipeline 22 and the second liquid pipeline 23, respectively. The first liquid reservoir 7 and the second liquid reservoir 9 continuously supply liquid working fluid to the first evaporator 6 and the second evaporator 8, thus forming a self-circulating two-phase fluid loop.

[0066] During the charging process, the shut-off valve 12 is open, the bypass 24 is open, the secondary condenser 11 is closed, the electric drive and electronic control do not generate heat, the first evaporator 6 and the second evaporator 8 do not work, and the third cold plate 15 connected to each battery module 5 acts as a gravity heat pipe.

[0067] The liquid working fluid is distributed from the first main liquid pipeline 19 to the third cold plate 15 connected to each battery module 5. After absorbing the heat from the battery module 5, the working fluid evaporates. The gaseous working fluid enters the main condenser 10 through the second main steam pipeline 20 and bypass 24 to cool and condense into liquid. The liquid working fluid returns to the third cold plate 15 connected to each battery module 5 through the first main liquid pipeline 19 under the action of gravity, thus forming a self-circulating two-phase fluid loop.

Claims

1. A new energy vehicle three-electric thermal control system based on a loop heat pipe, comprising three-electric components and a loop heat pipe, wherein the three-electric components include an electric drive, an electric control system, and a battery pack; characterized in that, It also includes loop heat pipes; The loop heat pipe includes an evaporator assembly, a main condenser, a secondary condenser, a cold plate assembly, a piping system, and a shut-off valve; The cold plate assembly includes an electronic control cold plate group and a battery pack cold plate group; The evaporator assembly is used to absorb the heat generated by the electric drive. The main condenser is connected to the evaporator assembly and the battery pack cold plate assembly through the piping system. The secondary condenser is connected to the evaporator assembly and the electronically controlled cold plate assembly through the piping system. The main condenser and the secondary condenser are connected through the piping system, and the shut-off valve is installed on the connecting pipe. The electronically controlled cold plate assembly is used to absorb the heat generated by the electric drive, and the battery pack cold plate assembly is used to absorb the heat generated by the battery pack. The electric drive includes an electric drive oil cooler and an electric drive controller; The electronic control system includes an on-board computer and a power conversion system; The battery pack includes n battery modules; The evaporator assembly includes a first evaporator, a first liquid reservoir, a second evaporator, and a second liquid reservoir; The first evaporator is connected to the first liquid receiver and is used to absorb the heat generated by the electric drive oil cooler. The second evaporator is connected to the second liquid receiver and is located on the electric drive controller. The second evaporator is used to absorb the heat generated by the electric drive controller; The electronically controlled cold plate assembly includes a first cold plate and a second cold plate; The first cold plate is attached to the vehicle computer, and the second cold plate is attached to the power conversion system. The battery pack cold plate assembly includes n third cold plates, and each battery module is fitted with one of the third cold plates. The piping system includes a first steam pipeline, a second steam pipeline, a first main steam pipeline, a first main liquid pipeline, a second main steam pipeline, a second main liquid pipeline, a first liquid pipeline, a second liquid pipeline, and a bypass; The first steam line connects the first main steam line and the first evaporator; the second steam line connects the first main steam line and the second evaporator; the first liquid line connects the first liquid reservoir and the second main liquid line; the second liquid line connects the second liquid reservoir and the second main liquid line; the bypass connects the first main steam line and the second main liquid line; the first main steam line connects to the main condenser; the second main liquid line connects to the secondary condenser; the first main liquid line connects to the main condenser and the battery pack cold plate assembly; and the second main steam line connects to the electric drive cold plate assembly and the secondary condenser. While the vehicle is in motion, the shut-off valve is closed and the bypass is not open. During the charging process of the car, the shut-off valve is opened, the bypass is activated, the secondary condenser is closed, the first evaporator and the second evaporator are not working, and the third cold plate is a gravity heat pipe.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the main condenser and the secondary condenser are water-cooled heat exchangers.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working fluid in the loop heat pipe is selected from one of the following: ammonia, dimethyl ether, R161, methanol, n-butene, and isobutene.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cold plate, the second cold plate, and the third cold plate are all harmonica tubes.

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