Processing technology of novel inserted tooth cutter ring

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing technology of a novel inserted tooth cutter ring, which belongs to the technical field of metal processing, and comprises the following steps: S1, die forging forming: heating raw materials to 1200 DEG C, and freely forging blanks; heating to 1200 DEG C again, performing die forging and stamping to obtain the required shape and size through a ten-thousand-ton press and a special die, and performing air cooling; s2, normalizing and spheroidizing annealing are carried out; s3, processing a simulated rough body; s4, milling an alloy groove; s5, brazing of the flaky alloy is conducted, specifically, the flaky alloy is welded through copper-based brazing; s6, quenching and tempering treatment, wherein oil quenching and tempering are adopted; s7, drilling and fine boring; s8, the cutter ring is heated through hot charging of the columnar alloy, specifically, the cutter ring is heated, and after heat preservation, the columnar alloy is installed in the circular groove hole; s9, coating a wear-resistant layer; s10, finish machining is carried out; and S11, quality inspection. By the adoption of the machining technology of the novel inserted cutter ring of the structure, the problems that the blade of the inserted cutter ring is poor in comprehensive performance, the alloy falling-off rate is high, and the service life of a cutter is short can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, and more particularly to a processing technology for a new type of insert tooth ring, specifically a high-performance processing technology for insert tooth rings used in mining machinery and shield equipment, and is particularly suitable for the manufacture of tools with a composite structure of columnar alloy and flake alloy. Background Art

[0002] As a core component of equipment such as shield machines and tunnel boring machines (TBMs), the performance of the insert tooth ring directly determines the rock-breaking efficiency, service life, and engineering cost of the equipment. The traditional processing of the insert tooth ring forms a wear-resistant mechanism by embedding cemented carbide teeth into the ring matrix, and needs to meet requirements such as high connection strength, high temperature resistance, and adaptability to complex geological conditions.

[0003] The traditional processing of the insert tooth ring has the following technical pain points:

[0004] 1. Process conflict: The brazing temperature (usually above 1000°C) is higher than the material quenching temperature, resulting in temper softening of the edge.

[0005] 2. Structural defect: The ring rolling forming causes the metal at the edge to be sparse, and the edge strength is low.

[0006] 3. Welding failure: The residual stress of brazing causes microcracks, and the alloy tooth shedding rate is as high as 15%.

[0007] 4. Unreasonable processing sequence: The quenching and tempering treatment and the brazing sequence result in poor material structure. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing technology for a new type of insert tooth ring to solve the problems of poor comprehensive performance of the edge of the insert tooth ring, high alloy shedding rate, and low tool life.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a processing technology for a new type of insert tooth ring, including the following steps:

[0010] S1, die forging forming

[0011] The raw material is heated to a set temperature and free forged into a blank;

[0012] It is heated to the set temperature again, and the required shape and size are die forged and stamped through a ten-thousand-ton press and a special mold, and then air-cooled;

[0013] S2, normalizing + spheroidizing annealing

[0014] Normalizing: The steel after die forging forming is heated for heat preservation, and then air-cooled after heat preservation;

[0015] Spheroidizing annealing: The steel is heated to 20 - 40°C above Ac1 (the temperature at which pearlite transforms into austenite during heating), held at this temperature, and then cooled isothermally.

[0016] S3, rough imitation bold machining

[0017] Remove the oxide layer, precisely turn the cutting edge shape of the cutting ring, and rough machine the inner hole and thickness of the cutting ring.

[0018] S4, mill the alloy groove

[0019] Mill the alloy mounting groove on a four-axis machining center.

[0020] S5, brazing the sheet alloy

[0021] Use copper-based brazing to weld the sheet alloy.

[0022] S6, quenching and tempering

[0023] Adopt oil quenching + tempering.

[0024] S7, drilling and fine boring

[0025] Drill the alloy bottom hole with a U drill on a four-axis machining center and fine bore the alloy hole.

[0026] S8, hot-fitting the columnar alloy

[0027] Heat the cutting ring, and after holding the temperature, install the columnar alloy into the circular groove hole.

[0028] S9, coating the wear-resistant layer

[0029] Weld the wear-resistant layer on the specified surface of the cutting ring.

[0030] S10, finish machining

[0031] Precisely turn the inner hole and thickness of the cutting ring.

[0032] S11, quality inspection

[0033] Inspect the size and appearance of the indexable cutting ring.

[0034] Preferably, in S1, the set temperature is set to 1200°C.

[0035] Preferably, in step S2, the steel after die forging is heated to 850 - 880°C and isothermally cooled at 700°C for 4 hours.

[0036] Preferably, in step S5, local induction heating is adopted, and the heating rate ≤ 80°C / min.

[0037] Preferably, the welding temperature is set to 900 - 950°C.

[0038] Preferably, in step S6, a whole box furnace is used for heating, and the heat preservation time is calculated as 1.2 min / mm.

[0039] Preferably, the oil quenching temperature is set at 840 - 850 °C, and the tempering temperature is set at 500 °C.

[0040] Preferably, in step S8, a hot charging process is adopted, and the interference amount is set at 0.05 - 0.07 mm.

[0041] Preferably, the heating temperature is set at 300 - 350 °C, and the heat preservation time is set at 6 - 8 h.

[0042] Therefore, by adopting the above-mentioned new type of insert tooth cutter ring processing technology, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0043] 1. Strictly control the brazing temperature to avoid tempering softening of the cutting edge.

[0044] 2. Adopting the die forging forming process compared with the traditional ring rolling forming makes the structure of the cutting edge relatively dense and uniform.

[0045] 3. Adopting the split type inlaying process: sheet alloy brazing + columnar alloy hot charging, reducing thermal stress damage, and thus reducing the alloy shedding rate.

[0046] 4. Brazing first and then quenching and tempering to simultaneously strengthen the matrix and the weld, enhance the hardness, thereby increasing the yield strength, improving the shear strength of the weld, and strengthening the material structure stability.

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of a new type of insert tooth cutter ring processing technology. Detailed Embodiments

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout.

[0050] It should be noted that the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or server that includes a series of steps or units need not be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0051] Similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is customarily placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0054] Embodiment

[0055] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a new type of insert tooth cutter head processing technology. Taking the processing of a cutter head for a shield machine with a diameter of φ6280mm (material: 42CrMo) as an example, it includes the following steps:

[0056] S1, die forging forming: The raw material is heated to 1200°C and free forged to make a blank; it is heated to 1200°C again, and through a ten-thousand-ton press and a special mold, it is die forged and stamped into the required shape and size, and then air cooled; the final forging temperature ≥ 850°C.

[0057] S2, normalizing + spheroidizing annealing: Normalizing: The steel is heated to 880°C, held for 2h and then air cooled. Spheroidizing annealing: The steel is held at 750°C for 4h, and then furnace cooled to 500°C.

[0058] S3, rough machining in imitation of boldface: Remove the oxide layer, finish turning the cutter head blade shape, and rough machine the inner hole and thickness of the cutter head.

[0059] S4, Milling the alloy groove: Mill the alloy mounting groove on a four-axis machining center.

[0060] S5, Brazing the sheet alloy: Use a customized solder sheet with a thickness of 0.2 mm (composition: Cu-15Mn-5Ni), adopt high-frequency local induction heating, the heating rate ≤ 80 °C / min, heat to 920 ± 10 °C by high-frequency induction, the holding time is 3 min, and then cool naturally under the protective environment of argon gas.

[0061] S6, Quenching and tempering treatment: Adopt oil quenching + tempering. Heat with an integral box furnace, and calculate the holding time according to 1.2 min / mm. Set the oil quenching temperature to 845 °C, hold for 90 min, and then perform oil cooling (oil temperature: 60 - 80 °C). Set the tempering temperature to 500 °C, hold for 120 min, and then perform air cooling.

[0062] S7, Drilling and fine boring: Drill the bottom hole of the alloy with a U drill on a four-axis machining center and finish boring the alloy hole.

[0063] S8, Thermally installing the columnar alloy: Heat the tool ring, and install the columnar alloy into the circular groove hole after holding. Adopt the thermal installation process, and set the interference amount to 0.05 - 0.07 mm. Freeze the cemented carbide column (grade YG15) to -196 °C (soaked in liquid nitrogen). Locally inductively heat the tool ring to 320 °C, and set the holding time to 6 - 8 h. After interference fitting, it shrinks naturally.

[0064] S9, Coating the wear-resistant layer: Weld the wear-resistant layer on the specified surface of the tool ring. Adopt HVOF to spray the WC-10Co-4Cr coating with a thickness of 0.15 - 0.2 mm. After spraying, hold at 600 °C for 1 h, and then perform vacuum diffusion treatment.

[0065] S10, Finish machining: Finish turning the inner hole and thickness of the tool ring.

[0066] S11, Quality inspection: Inspect the dimensions and appearance of the indexable insert tool ring.

[0067] During use, compared with ring rolling forming, die forging forming can ensure that the structure of the cutting edge is relatively dense and uniform. Normalizing can refine the grains and homogenize the structure; spheroidizing annealing can spheroidize the carbides in the steel, reduce the hardness, improve the machinability, and reduce the tendency of deformation and cracking during subsequent quenching, and can also improve the cold plastic deformation ability. The split-type inlay process: brazing of sheet alloy + thermal installation of columnar alloy can reduce thermal stress damage, thereby reducing the alloy shedding rate. Control the brazing temperature to avoid tempering softening of the cutting edge; quenching and tempering treatment can adjust the comprehensive mechanical properties of the tool ring material. Brazing first and then quenching and tempering, synchronously strengthening the matrix and the weld, can make the hardness reach HRC40 - 43, thereby increasing the yield strength, and the weld shear strength is increased to more than 420 MPa, which can strengthen the material structure stability.

[0068] Therefore, the processing technology of a new type of inserted tooth cutter ring with the above structure adopted by the present invention can solve the problems of poor comprehensive performance of the cutting edge of the inserted tooth cutter ring, high alloy shedding rate, and low tool life.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of processing technology for insert tooth cutter ring, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1, die forging The raw materials are heated to the set temperature and free forged into billets; Heat it again to the set temperature, and use a 10,000-ton press and special dies to forge it into the required shape and size, and then cool it with air; S2, normalizing + spheroidizing annealing Normalizing: The steel after die forging is heated and kept warm, and then air-cooled; Spheroidizing annealing: The steel is kept at 20-40℃ above Ac1, and then isothermally cooled; S3, imitation bold processing Remove the oxide layer, fine-turn the blade shape of the cutter ring, and roughly machine the inner hole and thickness of the cutter ring; S4, milling alloy slot The alloy mounting slots are milled on a four-axis machining center; S5, brazing flake alloy Welding sheet alloys using copper-based brazing; S6, quenching and tempering Use oil quenching + tempering; S7, fine boring Use a U drill to drill the alloy bottom hole and fine bore the alloy hole on a four-axis machining center; S8, hot-packed columnar alloy Heat the knife ring, keep it warm, and then install the columnar alloy into the circular slot; S9, wear-resistant coating Welding a wear-resistant layer on the designated surface of the cutter ring; S10, finishing Inner hole and thickness of fine turning tool ring; S11, Quality Inspection Check the size and appearance of the insert cutter ring.

2. A new type of insert cutter ring processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the set temperature is set to 1200°C.

3. A new type of insert cutter ring processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the heating temperature of the steel after die forging is set to 850-880°C, and the isothermal cooling is set to 700°C for 4 hours.

4. A new type of insert cutter ring processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, local induction heating is used, and the heating rate is ≤80°C / min.

5. A new type of insert cutter ring processing technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The soldering temperature was set at 900-950°C.

6. A new type of insert cutter ring processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, an integral box furnace is used for heating, and the insulation time is calculated as 1.2min / mm.

7. A new type of insert cutter ring processing technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil quenching temperature was set at 840-850°C and the tempering temperature was set at 500°C.

8. The novel insert cutter ring processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S8, the hot-loading process is adopted and the interference is set to 0.05-0.07mm.

9. A new type of insert cutter ring processing technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heating temperature is set to 300-350°C and the insulation time is set to 6-8h.

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