In-situ back-pasting method for raised gold foil of lacquer coating and gold pasting stone cultural relics

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-situ back-pasting method for a warped gold foil of a lacquer coating and gold covering stone cultural relics, and belongs to the technical field of lacquer coating and gold covering stone cultural relics reparting.The in-situ back-pasting method comprises the following steps that firstly, dust on the warped gold foil and a ground coat is removed through a banister brush, and then residual dust on the warped gold foil and the ground coat is cleaned through a Tween-20 surfactant; washing the warped gold foil and the ground layer by adopting a solution prepared from ethanol and distilled water; dripping an acrylic acid composite emulsion on the base layer; a hot temperature gun is used for blowing hot air to the ground pole; dripping the acrylic acid composite emulsion on the base layer again; and the warped gold foil is pasted back to the original position, then the back-pasted gold foil is supported and maintained through the supporting and jacking device, the supporting and jacking device is dismantled after stable back-pasting in place is achieved, and in-situ back-pasting of the warped gold foil is completed. According to the method, secondary damage to the gold foil is avoided, the repasting stability and the repairing effect are improved, the minimum intervention principle of cultural relic protection and repairing is met, the construction procedure is simplified, and efficient construction is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of restoration of stone cultural relics with painted and gilded lacquer, and particularly relates to an in-situ reattachment method for warped gold foils of stone cultural relics with painted and gilded lacquer. Background Art

[0002] Painted lacquer is a technique in the lacquerware process, which refers to applying lacquer on utensils and is an important part of the lacquerware process. Painted lacquer and gilding is a craftsmanship with a long history, and its process is relatively complex. Generally, it is divided into several steps such as making lacquer, filtering lacquer, filling materials, applying lacquer, drying in the shade, and gilding. Moreover, the entire process extremely tests the craftsmanship of construction workers. Stone cultural relics with painted and gilded lacquer refer to a kind of cultural relics formed by pasting gold foils on stone cultural relics through the process of painted lacquer and gilding. After long-term exposure to sunlight, rain and dew, the gold foils on the surface of such cultural relics will warp, and this situation requires the repair of the warped gold foils.

[0003] The traditional repair method for warped gold foils of stone cultural relics with painted and gilded lacquer is as follows: First, remove the warped gold foils. After cleaning, softening and strengthening the gold foils and the ground coat (the ground coat is a kind of substrate for anti-corrosion and moisture-proofing, mainly made of materials such as pig blood, brick ash, flour, tung oil and hemp. In the application of the present invention, the gold foils are pasted on the ground coat, and the ground coat adheres to the stone cultural relics), then reattach them by referring to the traditional method of painted lacquer and gilding.

[0004] The above traditional repair method for warped gold foils of stone cultural relics with painted and gilded lacquer has the following defects: The process is cumbersome and requires repainting the cultural relics again. It is effective for the repair of large-sized warped gold foils, but for the repair of small-area warped gold foils, due to the high viscosity and dark color of big lacquer (also known as "raw lacquer", "native lacquer" or "national lacquer", which is a kind of milky white natural liquid paint harvested from lacquer trees), if the traditional painted lacquer and gilding is implemented, the construction difficulty is particularly large, and it is easy to cause unevenness of the ground coat layer and gold foil pollution, resulting in reduced reattachment stability and affecting the repair effect. Moreover, it is easy to cause secondary damage to the gold foils during the process of removing the old gold foils. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an in-situ reattachment method for warped gold foils of stone cultural relics with painted and gilded lacquer that is convenient for efficient construction and will not cause secondary damage to the gold foils.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An in-situ reattachment method for warped gold foils of stone cultural relics with painted and gilded lacquer, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: First, use a soft brush to remove the dust on the warped gold foil and the ground layer (referring to the ground layer corresponding to the warped gold foil in the whole ground layer, the same below), and then use Tween 20 surfactant to clean the residual dust on the warped gold foil and the ground layer; Tween 20 (i.e., Polysorbate 20, also known as Tween 20) surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant, a neutral liquid, with the chemical formula C 26 H 50 O 10 , which is widely used in the fields of food, medicine and daily chemicals and does not react chemically with gold foil;

[0009] Step 2: Rinse the warped gold foil and the ground layer with a solution prepared from ethanol and distilled water to remove the Tween 20 surfactant on the warped gold foil and the ground layer, and dredge the fine pores on the surface of the warped gold foil and the ground layer;

[0010] Step 3: Drop acrylic composite emulsion on the ground layer, and the dropping amount should be sufficient to soften the ground layer, aiming to soften and reinforce the ground layer;

[0011] Step 4: Use a hot air gun to blow hot air at the ground layer. The temperature of the hot air gun is set at 55 - 65 °C, preferably 60 °C, to further soften the ground layer;

[0012] Step 5: Drop acrylic composite emulsion on the ground layer again until the dropping amount reaches a saturated state, that is, the state where the acrylic emulsion can no longer penetrate into the ground layer;

[0013] Step 6: Stick the warped gold foil back to its original position, and then use a supporting device to support and maintain the pasted gold foil. The maintenance time is not less than 24 hours. Then check the pasting situation. If there is still warping at the pasted place, repeat the above steps 3 - 6 until there is no warping at the pasted place. After achieving stable pasting in place, remove the supporting device to complete the in-situ pasting of the warped gold foil. The preferred supporting device is the retractable supporting device in the utility model patent with the patent number "ZL 202323334999.7" and the name "A retractable supporting device for strengthening murals and painted sculptures".

[0014] Preferably, in Step 1, the specific method of using Tween 20 surfactant to clean the residual dust on the warped gold foil and the ground layer is as follows: Gently place the blotting paper on the surface of the part to be cleaned, dip a brush in Tween 20 surfactant with a mass concentration of 5% and apply it on the blotting paper. After the blotting paper is semi-dry, remove the blotting paper. Repeat this process several times until no pollutants are adsorbed on the blotting paper.

[0015] Preferably, in Step 2, the mass ratio of ethanol to distilled water is 1:1.

[0016] Preferably, in the steps 3 and 5, the acrylic composite emulsion is prepared from 5% by mass of acrylic emulsion, 1% by mass of hydraulic lime, 0.3 - 0.8% by mass of nano-silica, and 93.2 - 93.7% by mass of deionized water. The hydraulic lime has moderate mechanical strength, good flexibility, workability, waterproofness, breathability and compatibility, and has irreplaceable advantages over cement and traditional air-hardening lime in the restoration of cultural relic buildings; the nano-silica is in the form of amorphous white powder. After being mixed with the acrylic emulsion and the hydraulic lime, it can form a silica structure, making it hydrophobic, inhibiting the flow of the colloid, accelerating the curing speed, and improving the bonding effect. As a dispersant, the content of nano-silica is used to adjust the overall concentration of the acrylic composite emulsion.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] Without removing the warped gold foil, the present invention dusts, cleans, softens and reinforces it, and then re-pastes the gold foil in-situ through the acrylic emulsion. It will not cause secondary damage to the gold foil due to removal, nor is it necessary to apply lacquer again, avoiding the problems of lacquer pollution to the gold foil and uneven ground coat, improving the re-pasting stability and restoration effect, conforming to the minimum intervention principle of cultural relic protection and restoration, simplifying the construction process, facilitating efficient construction, and being particularly suitable for the re-pasting restoration of small-area warped gold foil.

[0019] By preparing the acrylic composite emulsion with specific raw materials and ratios, the present invention achieves good re-pasting and reinforcement effects, and the specific advantages are as follows:

[0020] The acrylic composite emulsion of the present invention is a milky white or nearly transparent viscous liquid, having outstanding water resistance, weather resistance, alkali resistance and stain resistance, and at the same time having good fluidity, permeability and a certain viscosity, having good adhesion to the stone matrix and the ground coat for re-pasting gold foil. With a little external force, the warped gold foil can be smoothly pasted on the ground coat, and the controllability is strong; the preparation method of the acrylic composite emulsion is simple, highly operable, taking into account the functions of reinforcement and pasting, with a light color and not causing pollution to the gold foil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the use of the supporting device in the in-situ re-pasting method of the warped gold foil of the painted and gold-plated stone cultural relics of the present invention, in which the rotating handle, the fixed collar and the "U" clip are not shown in the cutting line of sight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the drawings:

[0023] Example 1:

[0024] An in-situ reattachment method for warped gold foil on lacquered and gilded stone cultural relics, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: First, use a soft brush to remove the dust on the warped gold foil and the ground coat, and then use a Tween 20 surfactant to clean the residual dust on the warped gold foil and the ground coat. The specific method is as follows: Gently place absorbent paper on the surface of the part to be cleaned, dip a brush in a 5% mass concentration of Tween 20 surfactant and apply it on the absorbent paper. After the absorbent paper is semi-dry, remove the absorbent paper. Repeat this process several times until no more pollutants are adsorbed on the absorbent paper;

[0026] Step 2: Rinse the warped gold foil and the ground coat with a solution prepared from ethanol and distilled water in a mass ratio of 1:1 to remove the Tween 20 surfactant on the warped gold foil and the ground coat, and dredge the fine pores on the surface of the warped gold foil and the ground coat;

[0027] Step 3: Drop the acrylic composite emulsion on the ground coat. The dropping amount should be sufficient to soften the ground coat, aiming to soften and reinforce the ground coat. The acrylic composite emulsion is prepared from 5% by mass of acrylic emulsion, 1% by mass of hydraulic lime, 0.3% by mass of nano-silica, and 93.7% by mass of deionized water;

[0028] Step 4: Use a heat gun to blow hot air at 65 °C to the ground coat to further soften the ground coat;

[0029] Step 5: Drop the acrylic composite emulsion on the ground coat again until it reaches a saturated state, that is, the state where the acrylic emulsion can no longer penetrate into the ground coat. The acrylic composite emulsion is prepared from 5% by mass of acrylic emulsion, 1% by mass of hydraulic lime, 0.3% by mass of nano-silica, and 93.7% by mass of deionized water;

[0030] Step 6: Reattach the warped gold foil to its original position, and then use a supporting device to support and maintain the reattached gold foil for at least 24 hours. Then check the reattachment situation. If there is still warping at the reattachment area, repeat steps 3 - 6 until there is no warping at the reattachment area. After achieving stable reattachment in place, remove the supporting device to complete the in-situ reattachment of the warped gold foil.

[0031] In the above step 6, the supporting device is preferably the retractable supporting device in the utility model patent with the patent number "ZL 202323334999.7" and the name "A retractable supporting device for strengthening mural and painted sculpture cultural relics", such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the supporting device enables the supporting rod 3 to only axially move relative to the fixed cylinder 8 but not rotate, and the rotating cylinder 4 to only rotate relative to the fixed cylinder 8 but not axially move by designing the mutually cooperating fixed cylinder 8, rotating cylinder 4 and supporting rod 3. When the rotating cylinder 4 is driven to rotate, the supporting rod 3 can axially move, thereby changing the overall length of the supporting device and realizing the reliable supporting function for the gold foil 1. A rubber pad 2 is installed at the end of the supporting rod 3, and the rubber pad 2 presses on the gold foil 1 to avoid damaging the gold foil 1. A "U" - shaped clamp 10 is provided at the end of the fixed cylinder 8, and the entire supporting device is installed on the support rod 9 of the scaffolding through this "U" - shaped clamp 10. The rotating handle 6 is rotatably installed on the rotating cylinder 4 through a hinge 5. A fixed collar 7 is provided on the rotating handle 6. After the rubber pad 2 reliably presses on the gold foil 1, the rotating handle 6 is rotated to a position substantially parallel to the rotating cylinder 4, and the fixed collar 7 is buckled on the fixed cylinder 8 to realize the positioning of the entire supporting device.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] A method for in - situ re - pasting of warped gold foil on lacquered and gilded stone cultural relics includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: First, use a soft brush to remove the dust on the warped gold foil and the ground coat, and then use a Tween 20 surfactant to clean the residual dust on the warped gold foil and the ground coat. The specific method is as follows: Gently place absorbent paper on the surface of the part to be cleaned, dip a brush in a 5% mass - concentration Tween 20 surfactant and apply it on the absorbent paper. After the absorbent paper is semi - dry, remove the absorbent paper. Repeat this process several times until no more pollutants are adsorbed on the absorbent paper.

[0035] Step 2: Rinse the warped gold foil and the ground coat with a solution prepared from ethanol and distilled water in a mass ratio of 1:1 to remove the Tween 20 surfactant on the warped gold foil and the ground coat and dredge the fine pores on the surface of the warped gold foil and the ground coat.

[0036] Step 3: Drop the acrylic composite emulsion on the ground coat. The dropping amount should be sufficient to soften the ground coat, aiming to soften and reinforce the ground coat. The acrylic composite emulsion is prepared from 5% by mass of acrylic emulsion, 1% by mass of hydraulic lime, 0.5% by mass of nano - silica and 93.5% by mass of deionized water.

[0037] Step 4: Use a heat gun to blow hot air at 60 °C to the ground coat to further soften the ground coat.

[0038] Step 5: Pour acrylic composite emulsion onto the ground coat again until the pouring amount reaches a saturated state, that is, the state where the acrylic emulsion can no longer penetrate into the ground coat. The acrylic composite emulsion is prepared from 5% by mass of acrylic emulsion, 1% by mass of hydraulic lime, 0.5% by mass of nano-silica, and 93.5% by mass of deionized water.

[0039] Step 6: Reattach the warped gold foil to its original position, and then use a supporting device to support and cure the reattached gold foil for no less than 24 hours. Then check the reattachment situation. If there is still warping at the reattachment area, repeat Steps 3 - 6 until there is no warping at the reattachment area. After achieving stable reattachment in place, remove the supporting device to complete the in-situ reattachment of the warped gold foil. The supporting device and its usage method are the same as those in Example 1.

[0040] Example 3:

[0041] A method for in-situ reattachment of warped gold foil on lacquered and gold-plated stone cultural relics includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: First, use a soft brush to remove the dust on the warped gold foil and the ground coat, and then use a Tween 20 surfactant to clean the residual dust on the warped gold foil and the ground coat. The specific method is as follows: Gently place absorbent paper on the surface of the part to be cleaned, dip a brush in a 5% by mass concentration of Tween 20 surfactant and apply it on the absorbent paper. After the absorbent paper is semi-dry, remove the absorbent paper. Repeat this process multiple times until no more pollutants are adsorbed on the absorbent paper.

[0043] Step 2: Rinse the warped gold foil and the ground coat with a solution prepared from ethanol and distilled water in a mass ratio of 1:1 to remove the Tween 20 surfactant on the warped gold foil and the ground coat, and dredge the fine pores on the surface between the warped gold foil and the ground coat.

[0044] Step 3: Pour acrylic composite emulsion onto the ground coat. The pouring amount should be sufficient to soften the ground coat, aiming to soften and reinforce the ground coat. The acrylic composite emulsion is prepared from 5% by mass of acrylic emulsion, 1% by mass of hydraulic lime, 0.8% by mass of nano-silica, and 93.2% by mass of deionized water.

[0045] Step 4: Use a hot air gun to blow hot air at 55 °C onto the ground coat to further soften the ground coat.

[0046] Step 5: Pour the acrylic composite emulsion onto the ground coat again until it reaches a saturated state, that is, the state where the acrylic emulsion can no longer penetrate into the ground coat. The acrylic composite emulsion is prepared from 5% acrylic emulsion, 1% hydraulic lime, 0.8% nano-silica, and 93.2% deionized water by mass percentage.

[0047] Step 6: Reattach the warped gold foil to its original position, and then use the supporting device to support and cure the reattached gold foil for no less than 24 hours. Then check the reattachment situation. If there is still warping at the reattachment area, repeat Steps 3 - 6 until there is no warping at the reattachment area. After achieving stable reattachment in place, remove the supporting device to complete the in-situ reattachment of the warped gold foil. The supporting device and its usage method are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0048] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Any technical solution that can be achieved based on the above embodiments without creative labor shall be regarded as falling within the scope of the patent rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ method for reattaching the warped gold foil on lacquered and gilded stone cultural relics, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use a soft brush to remove the dust on the warped gold foil and the base, and then use a 20% surfactant to clean the remaining dust on the warped gold foil and the base; Step 2: using a solution prepared by ethanol and distilled water to wash the warped gold foil and the ground layer, removing the soil temperature 20 surfactant on the warped gold foil and the ground layer, and unblocking the fine pores on the surface of the warped gold foil and the ground layer; Step 3: drip acrylic composite emulsion on the floor covering, and the dripping amount shall be based on the amount that can soften the floor covering; Step 4: Use a heat gun to blow hot air to the floor mat. Set the temperature of the heat gun to 55-65℃. Step 5: drip the acrylic composite emulsion on the floor again until the dripping amount reaches a saturated state; Step 6: Paste the warped gold foil back to its original position, and then use the supporting device to support and maintain the returned gold foil for no less than 24 hours. Then check the return status, and remove the supporting device after stable return in place to complete the return of the warped gold foil in situ.

2. The in-situ re-sticking method for the warped gold foil of lacquered and gilded stone cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the specific method of using the Tuwen 20 surfactant to clean the residual dust on the peeling gold foil and the floor covering is: gently stick absorbent paper on the surface of the cleaned part, dip a brush in a 5% mass concentration of Tuwen 20 surfactant and apply it on the absorbent paper, remove the absorbent paper after the absorbent paper is half dry, and repeat this process several times until the absorbent paper no longer absorbs pollutants.

3. The in-situ re-sticking method for the warped gold foil of lacquered and gilded stone cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the mass ratio of ethanol to distilled water is 1:

1.

4. The in-situ re-sticking method for the warped gold foil on the lacquered and gilded stone cultural relics according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In step 3 and step 5, the acrylic composite emulsion is prepared from 5% by mass of acrylic emulsion, 1% by mass of hydraulic lime, 0.3-0.8% by mass of nano silicon dioxide and 93.2-93.7% by mass of deionized water.

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