Power generation and energy storage flexible composite skin assembly

Abstract

The invention provides a power generation and energy storage flexible composite skin assembly, which comprises a flexible solar cell, a flexible energy storage cell and a flexible insulating substrate, and is characterized in that the flexible solar cell is arranged on the front surface of the flexible insulating substrate, and the flexible energy storage cell is arranged on the back surface of the flexible insulating substrate. The beneficial effects of the invention are that the flexible solar cell, the flexible energy storage cell, the flexible insulating substrate, the packaging layer and the management circuit are integrated in the skin structure, the advantages of light weight, flexibility, high integration and the like are realized, power supply and electric energy storage are realized, the output of the overall electrical performance of the skin assembly is improved, and the cost is reduced. The maximum power output is kept in the electrical performance output process, and the environmental adaptability and cruising ability of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical fields of intelligent integrated power technology and flexible electronics, and in particular relates to a power generation and energy storage flexible composite skin assembly. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for lightweight, flexible, and highly integrated energy supply technologies in solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms, especially small and medium-sized UAV platforms. Currently, split solar cells / high specific energy lithium batteries have been successfully used in UAV power systems, but this power combination mode has a large volume, a complex control system, and low reliability of structural components such as wiring. To meet the requirements of UAV platforms for higher flight altitudes and longer flight durations, it is necessary to carry out research and tackle key problems on flexible shapeable and lightweight high specific energy power technologies for the shortcomings of the energy system to improve the endurance of UAVs.

[0003] In the prior art, the solar cell skin assembly only includes solar cells, and generally improves the endurance of UAVs by increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells, without integrating energy storage batteries into the skin assembly, resulting in limited electrical performance output of the overall assembly and unable to ensure the endurance of UAVs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a power generation and energy storage flexible composite skin assembly, which effectively solves the technical problem that there is no energy storage battery and management circuit in the solar cell skin assembly, and the electrical performance output of the overall assembly is limited, and overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a power generation and energy storage flexible composite skin assembly, comprising a flexible solar cell, a flexible energy storage battery, and a flexible insulating substrate. The flexible solar cell is disposed on the front surface of the flexible insulating substrate, and the flexible energy storage battery is disposed on the back surface of the flexible insulating substrate.

[0006] Further, the flexible solar cell and the flexible energy storage battery are connected in parallel through a management circuit, and the management circuit is disposed between the flexible insulating substrate and the flexible energy storage battery.

[0007] Further, the management circuit includes a control circuit and a maximum power point tracking circuit. The control circuit is used to balance the voltage outputs of the flexible solar cell and the flexible energy storage battery, and the maximum power point tracking circuit is used to track the maximum power points of the flexible solar cell and the flexible energy storage battery.

[0008] Further, an output bus is provided on the management circuit for voltage output.

[0009] Further, the thickness of the flexible solar cell is less than 1 mm, and the unit area is greater than 4 cm 2 .

[0010] Further, the flexible solar cell is configured as a flexible gallium arsenide cell or a flexible copper indium gallium selenide cell.

[0011] Further, the thickness of the flexible energy storage battery is set to 1 - 1.5 mm.

[0012] Further, the flexible energy storage battery is configured as a flexible thin-film lithium battery or a flexible lithium-ion battery.

[0013] Further, the material of the flexible insulating substrate is set to a carbon fiber composite material or a Kevlar fiber cloth.

[0014] Further, a packaging layer is provided at the bottom of the flexible energy storage battery, and the material of the packaging layer is set to ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

[0015] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the flexible solar cell, the flexible energy storage battery, the flexible insulating substrate, the packaging layer and the management circuit are integrally integrated into the skin structure, having advantages such as lightweight, flexibility and high integration, realizing power supply and electrical energy storage, improving the overall electrical performance output of the skin component, achieving maximum power output during the electrical performance output process, and significantly improving the environmental adaptability and endurance of the unmanned aerial vehicle. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation and energy storage flexible composite skin component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic working diagram of the management circuit of a power generation and energy storage flexible composite skin component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure:

[0019] 10. Flexible solar cell 20. Flexible insulating substrate 30. Management circuit

[0020] 40. Flexible energy storage battery 50. Packaging layer Detailed Embodiments

[0021] An embodiment of the present invention provides a power generation and energy storage flexible composite skin component. The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "top" and "bottom" are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "arrangement" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage, which includes a flexible solar cell 10, a flexible energy storage battery 40, and a flexible insulating substrate 20. The flexible solar cell 10 is arranged on the front side of the flexible insulating substrate 20, and the flexible energy storage battery 40 is arranged on the back side of the flexible insulating substrate 20. The flexible solar cell 10 uses high-efficiency flexible photovoltaic materials and can convert solar energy into electrical energy under standard lighting conditions, and is integrated on the front side of the flexible insulating substrate 20. The flexible energy storage battery 40 is used to store the electrical energy generated by the flexible solar cell 10 under lighting conditions and can output electrical performance together with the flexible solar cell 10, and is integrated on the back side of the flexible insulating substrate 20. By arranging the flexible energy storage battery 40, the skin assembly can store electrical energy. When the flexible solar cell 10 cannot output electrical energy due to limited lighting, the flexible energy storage battery 40 can output electrical energy.

[0024] Preferably, for better electrical energy output, the flexible solar cell 10 and the flexible energy storage battery 40 are connected in parallel through a management circuit 30. The management circuit 30 is arranged between the flexible insulating substrate 20 and the flexible energy storage battery 40 and is in the form of a thin film. The management circuit 30 is first bonded to the bottom of the flexible insulating substrate 20, and then the flexible energy storage battery 40 is integrated at the bottom of the management circuit 30, so that the management circuit 30 is arranged between the flexible solar cell 10 and the flexible energy storage battery 40. The connection circuit can pass through the flexible insulating substrate 20 to directly connect the two batteries instead of external wiring, realizing an integrated design. The conversion efficiency of the management circuit 30 is ≥85%, and it can also work normally under low temperature and low pressure (-50°C, 1.8 Kpa) environment as it does under normal temperature and normal pressure.

[0025] Specifically, the management circuit 30 includes a control circuit for balancing the voltage outputs of the flexible solar cell 10 and the flexible energy storage battery 40. Under standard lighting conditions, the control circuit first increases the output voltage of the flexible energy storage battery 40, and then outputs the electrical performance when the voltage is consistent with the output voltage of the flexible solar cell 10.

[0026] Preferably, the management circuit 30 includes a maximum power tracking circuit. The control circuit manages the output and energy distribution of the flexible solar cell 10 and the flexible energy storage battery 40. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of the flexible solar cell 10, a maximum power tracking circuit is added to the control circuit to ensure that the flexible solar cell 10 operates at the maximum power point and ensures the maximum power output of the component. Before the management circuit 30 outputs electrical performance, the output voltage of the flexible energy storage battery 40 is first processed by the control circuit boost to match the output voltage of the flexible solar cell 10, and the maximum power points of the flexible solar cell 10 and the flexible energy storage battery 40 are tracked respectively through the maximum power tracking circuit to realize intelligent management of power generation, energy storage and energy distribution.

[0027] Preferably, in order to prevent the flexible energy storage battery 40 from backflowing, the management circuit 30 includes a thin-film flexible diode to solve the problem of reverse current flow.

[0028] Preferably, the management circuit 30 includes a switch to realize the selection of the working mode of the flexible solar cell 10 and the flexible energy storage battery 40. Different working states can be selected according to needs. The flexible solar cell 10 can be selected to supply power, the flexible energy storage battery 40 can be selected to supply power, or both can be selected to supply power at the same time.

[0029] In certain embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, for a solar-powered drone that works all day, its power consumption is relatively high during the day, and at night it is only used to maintain its stay in the air and basic wireless communication, so the power consumption will be greatly reduced. According to specific power demand, the voltage of the flexible solar cell 10 and the flexible energy storage battery 40 can be basically matched through the management circuit 30. This power supply method can store the excess power generated by the flexible solar cell 10 in the flexible energy storage battery 40 during the day, which can not only improve the energy of the flexible energy storage battery 40 of the drone, but also reduce the discharge depth of the drone energy storage battery, thereby increasing the overall endurance of the solar drone.

[0030] Preferably, in order to facilitate the output of electric energy, an output bus is provided on the management circuit 30, and the positive and negative poles of the bus are the output ports of the entire skin assembly for the output of voltage.

[0031] Specifically, the flexible solar cell 10 is composed of a plurality of battery strings connected in parallel, and the battery string is composed of a plurality of battery cell units connected in series, and is located on the top layer of the skin component. The unit area of ​​the flexible solar cell 10 is greater than 4cm 2, with a thickness less than 1 mm, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the flexible solar cell 10 unit exceeds 34% under standard AM0 illumination conditions, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the flexible solar cell 10 exceeds 32% under standard AM0 illumination conditions. In some embodiments, the flexible solar cell 10 can be set as a flexible gallium arsenide cell or a flexible copper indium gallium tin cell. The flexible solar cell 10 is tightly attached to the surface of the flexible insulating substrate 20 by thermal lamination, does not fall off during the bending process, and can deform together with the flexible insulating substrate 20.

[0032] Specifically, the thickness of the flexible energy storage battery 40 monomer is between 1 and 1.5 mm, and it has good environmental adaptability in a wide temperature range and low pressure (-60 °C to 70 °C, 2 to 6 Kpa), realizes stable electrical performance output, and still maintains good electrical performance output after the environment returns to normal temperature and pressure. In some embodiments, the flexible energy storage battery 40 is set as a flexible thin-film lithium battery or a flexible lithium-ion battery. The flexible energy storage battery 40 is fixed at the bottom of the management circuit 30 by an adhesive method.

[0033] Specifically, the flexible insulating substrate 20 is located in the middle layer of the skin assembly, provides structural support and flexible characteristics for the skin, and has the characteristics of high strength, light weight, strong weather resistance, anti-cutting, and high flexibility. In some embodiments, the material of the flexible insulating substrate 20 is set as a carbon fiber composite material or a Kevlar fiber cloth.

[0034] Specifically, the bottom of the flexible energy storage battery 40 is provided with a packaging layer 50 for anti-collision, anti-corrosion, waterproofing and other measures for the flexible energy storage battery 40 and the management circuit 30, and can also make the overall effect of the composite skin assembly beautiful. In some embodiments, the material of the packaging layer 50 is set as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

[0035] Embodiment 1: A power generation and energy storage flexible composite skin assembly, including a flexible solar cell 10, a flexible energy storage battery 40, and a flexible insulating substrate 20. The flexible solar cell 10 is arranged on the front of the flexible insulating substrate 20, and the flexible energy storage battery 40 is arranged on the back of the flexible insulating substrate 20. The flexible solar cell 10 and the flexible energy storage battery 40 are connected in parallel through a management circuit 30, and the management circuit 30 is arranged between the flexible insulating substrate 20 and the flexible energy storage battery 40. The management circuit 30 includes a control circuit, a maximum power tracking circuit, a flexible diode, and a switch. An output bus is provided on the management circuit 30, and the positive and negative poles of the bus are the output ports of the entire skin assembly. The flexible solar cell 10 is composed of multiple battery strings connected in parallel, and the battery string is composed of multiple battery cell units connected in series and is located at the top layer of the skin assembly. The unit area of the flexible solar cell 10 is set to 5 cm 2, the thickness is set to 0.8 mm. The flexible solar cell 10 is set as a flexible gallium arsenide battery, and the flexible solar cell 10 is tightly attached to the surface of the flexible insulating substrate 20 by thermal lamination. The single-cell thickness of the flexible energy storage battery 40 is set to 1 mm, which is set as a flexible thin-film lithium battery, and the flexible energy storage battery 40 and the management circuit 30 are fixed by an adhesive method. The material of the flexible insulating substrate 20 is set as a carbon fiber composite material. The bottom of the flexible energy storage battery 40 is provided with a packaging layer 50, and the material is set as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

[0036] Embodiment 2: A flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage, including a flexible solar cell 10, a flexible energy storage battery 40 and a flexible insulating substrate 20. The flexible solar cell 10 is arranged on the front surface of the flexible insulating substrate 20, and the flexible energy storage battery 40 is arranged on the back surface of the flexible insulating substrate 20. The flexible solar cell 10 and the flexible energy storage battery 40 are connected in parallel through a management circuit 30, and the management circuit 30 is arranged between the flexible insulating substrate 20 and the flexible energy storage battery 40. The management circuit 30 includes a control circuit, a maximum power tracking circuit, a flexible diode and a switch. An output bus is provided on the management circuit 30, and the positive and negative poles of the bus are the output ports of the entire skin assembly. The flexible solar cell 10 is composed of a plurality of battery strings connected in parallel, and the battery string is composed of a plurality of battery cell units connected in series, and is located on the top layer of the skin assembly. The unit area of the flexible solar cell 10 is set to 5 cm 2 , the thickness is set to 0.8 mm. The flexible solar cell 10 is set as a flexible copper indium gallium selenide battery, and the flexible solar cell 10 is tightly attached to the surface of the flexible insulating substrate 20 by thermal lamination. The single-cell thickness of the flexible energy storage battery 40 is between 1.5 mm, which is set as a flexible lithium-ion battery, and the flexible energy storage battery 40 and the management circuit 30 are fixed by an adhesive method. The material of the flexible insulating substrate 20 is set as Kevlar fiber cloth. The bottom of the flexible energy storage battery 40 is provided with a packaging layer 50, and the material is set as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

[0037] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0038] 1. By setting a flexible energy storage battery and a management circuit, the complementary light storage is realized, the overall electrical performance output of the skin assembly is improved, and the maximum power output is maintained during the electrical performance output. When the unmanned aerial vehicle flies at night, the energy storage battery in the composite skin can still continue to supply power to the unmanned aerial vehicle, ensuring that it can maintain its stay in the air and basic wireless communication at night, enabling the unmanned aerial vehicle to achieve continuous power supply during day and night flights, and enhancing the overall endurance of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0039] 2. Through the optimization of material selection and structural design, and the iterative optimization between the flexible insulation substrate wiring and the series-parallel structure of battery cells, the composite skin component realizes the lightweight design of the overall component. The areal density of the overall component is between 500 and 650 g / m 2 . Each part of the component takes into account the flexible design. The overall component has good flexibility and bendability, with a curvature radius less than 4 cm, and can adapt to complex curved surface structures.

[0040] 3. Under the standard AM0 illumination condition, at normal temperature and pressure, the peak total output power density of the composite skin component exceeds 240 W / m 2 . Under low temperature and low pressure (-60 °C, 2 - 6 KPa), the peak total output power density exceeds 200 W / m 2 . Under high temperature and low pressure (70 °C, 2 - 6 KPa), the peak total output power density exceeds 220 W / m 2 , and it can work in an environment with a large temperature difference between day and night.

[0041] 4. The composite skin component highly integrates the functions of power generation, energy storage, and management circuit in the same component structure, reduces external connections, and improves the system reliability.

[0042] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the described content is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the present invention application should still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage, characterized in that: The invention comprises a flexible solar cell, a flexible energy storage battery and a flexible insulating substrate. The flexible solar cell is arranged on the front side of the flexible insulating substrate, and the flexible energy storage battery is arranged on the back side of the flexible insulating substrate.

2. The flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible solar cell and the flexible energy storage battery are connected in parallel via a management circuit, and the management circuit is arranged between the flexible insulating substrate and the flexible energy storage battery.

3. The flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The management circuit includes a control circuit and a maximum power tracking circuit. The control circuit is used to balance the voltage output of the flexible solar cell and the flexible energy storage battery. The maximum power tracking circuit is used to track the maximum power point of the flexible solar cell and the flexible energy storage battery.

4. A flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The management circuit is provided with an output busbar for outputting voltage.

5. A flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage according to claims 1-3, characterized in that: The thickness of the flexible solar cell is less than 1 mm, and the unit area is greater than 4 cm 2 .

6. The flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flexible solar cell is configured as a flexible gallium arsenide cell or a flexible copper indium gallium tin cell.

7. A flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the flexible energy storage battery is set to 1-1.5 mm.

8. The flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flexible energy storage battery is configured as a flexible thin-film lithium battery or a flexible lithium-ion battery.

9. A flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage according to any one of claims 1-3, 6 and 8, characterized in that: The material of the flexible insulating substrate is set to be carbon fiber composite material or Kevlar fiber cloth.

10. A flexible composite skin assembly for power generation and energy storage according to any one of claims 1-3, 6 and 8, characterized in that: A packaging layer is provided at the bottom of the flexible energy storage battery, and the material of the packaging layer is set to ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

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