A cationic emulsified asphalt and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cationic emulsified asphalt and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of road materials. The preparation method includes: preparing a first cationic asphalt emulsifier, preparing a second cationic asphalt emulsifier, preparing a stabilizer, and emulsifying; the preparation of the stabilizer includes: preparing bis-imidazoline and mixing; for the emulsifying, after mixing the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80 and tap water, stirring, adjusting the pH to 2-3, adding SBR latex, stirring, heating to 55-60°C, adding it into a colloid mill, adding the stabilizer into the colloid mill, shearing, and then adding asphalt at a temperature of 115-120°C and shearing sufficiently; the cationic emulsified asphalt prepared by the present invention has excellent slow-cracking and quick-setting capabilities, and the slow-cracking and quick-setting capabilities are less affected by the type of asphalt, temperature and water hardness in the cationic emulsified asphalt, and have little corrosion to production equipment and transportation equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of road materials, and particularly relates to a cationic emulsified asphalt and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pavement repair is an essential part of highway routine maintenance. As one of the main technical means for pavement repair, micro-surfacing can perform preventive maintenance on pavements with basically intact bases but damaged surfaces. Micro-surfacing can restore the basic functions of the pavement and extend its service life by repairing diseases such as cracks, looseness, and ruts on the pavement. The International Slurry Surfacing Association (ISSA) defines micro-surfacing as a thin-layer structure composed of polymer-modified emulsified asphalt, aggregates, fillers, water, and additives mixed in a reasonable proportion and spread on the original pavement. It is also stipulated that micro-surfacing should be able to meet the requirements of paving different cross-section thicknesses (wedge-shaped, concave-shaped, scratched surfaces). After curing by curing and initial traffic action, mixtures with different asphalt dosages and different paving thicknesses can withstand traffic action and maintain good anti-skid performance during their service life. In addition, it is also stipulated that micro-surfacing should be able to meet the need for rapid opening to traffic. Generally speaking, under the condition of an air temperature of 24°C and a humidity less than 50%, a 12.7-mm-thick micro-surfacing is required to be opened to traffic 1 hour after construction.

[0003] Compared with hot mixing and paving, micro-surfacing has the advantages of low maintenance cost and good treatment effect, and has many outstanding advantages in improving pavement anti-skid performance, preventing pavement water seepage, improving pavement appearance and flatness, increasing pavement bearing capacity, preventing pavement aging, and extending pavement service life. However, the technology of micro-surfacing is relatively difficult. During construction, the technical difficulties include the preparation and application of asphalt emulsifiers, and the production and transportation of emulsified asphalt.

[0004] Asphalt emulsifiers play a crucial role in emulsified asphalt. Asphalt emulsifiers are amphiphilic molecules with hydrophilic groups and lipophilic groups. Since asphalt is a non-polar molecule and water is a polar molecule, and the two are insoluble in each other. In order to form a stable emulsion, the action of asphalt emulsifiers is required. As a type of surfactant, asphalt emulsifiers can reduce the surface tension of asphalt and have the functions of emulsifying, dispersing, wetting, and flocculating asphalt. However, different from ordinary surfactants, asphalt emulsifiers also have film-forming properties. They can spontaneously adsorb on the surface of asphalt particles and form an interfacial film in an oriented arrangement, thus isolating the contact between asphalt particles and enabling the emulsion system to exist uniformly and stably. Classified according to the ionic charges ionized by asphalt emulsifiers, asphalt emulsifiers are mainly divided into non-ionic emulsifiers, cationic asphalt emulsifiers, and anionic asphalt emulsifiers. Non-ionic asphalt emulsifiers carry no charges and are often used in combination with cationic asphalt emulsifiers or anionic asphalt emulsifiers; cationic asphalt emulsifiers carry positive charges; anionic asphalt emulsifiers carry negative charges. Compared with anionic asphalt emulsifiers, cationic asphalt emulsifiers have the advantages of simple production, controllable demulsification speed, and good adaptability. Moreover, since the surface of aggregates is basically electronegative, according to the principle of opposite-sex attraction, the cationic emulsified asphalt emulsified by cationic asphalt emulsifiers can achieve faster demulsification, thereby being able to accelerate the formation of early strength. Therefore, cationic asphalt emulsifiers are the most widely used asphalt emulsifiers at present.

[0005] Existing cationic asphalt emulsifiers mainly include quaternary ammonium salt cationic asphalt emulsifiers, amide cationic asphalt emulsifiers, alkyl polyamine cationic asphalt emulsifiers, aminated lignin cationic asphalt emulsifiers, and imidazoline cationic asphalt emulsifiers. Among them, since the imidazoline cationic asphalt emulsifier contains a carbon-nitrogen five-membered heterocyclic ring, the lone pair electrons on the nitrogen atom are partially transferred to the cyclic structure due to the conjugation effect. Therefore, it can reduce the binding ability with protons and can also provide a large steric hindrance to delay the demulsification speed of the asphalt emulsion and the stone. When the asphalt emulsion demulsifies on the surface of the stone, multiple amino groups of the imidazoline cationic asphalt emulsifier molecule can quickly bind to the stone, quickly drain the water, and quickly form a shape, achieving the effect of quick setting. Therefore, imidazoline cationic asphalt emulsifiers have the characteristics of slow cracking and quick setting and are one of the most widely used cationic asphalt emulsifiers.

[0006] The structural general formula of imidazoline cationic asphalt emulsifiers is:

[0007]

[0008] Among them, R is an alkyl group and R' is a hydrophilic group. Currently, the commonly used method for preparing imidazoline-based cationic asphalt emulsifiers is to carry out an amidation reaction using a long-chain organic acid and an organic polyamine as raw materials to obtain an amidation reaction product; then carry out a cyclization reaction on the amidation reaction product to obtain a cyclization reaction product; and then graft the cyclization reaction product to obtain an imidazoline-based cationic asphalt emulsifier. Since the unreacted amino groups in the organic polyamine will increase the demulsification rate and affect the slow-breaking effect of the imidazoline-based cationic asphalt emulsifier, it is necessary to graft the cyclization reaction product. By reacting with the amino groups in the cyclization reaction product, a large steric hindrance group is introduced, thereby improving the slow-breaking effect of the imidazoline-based cationic asphalt emulsifier. However, the slow-setting and fast-hardening performance of the imidazoline-based cationic asphalt emulsifier prepared by the above method is greatly affected by the selection of the long-chain organic acid and the organic polyamine and the grafting group during the grafting of the cyclization reaction product, resulting in poor adaptability to different asphalts, and further making the preparation and application of asphalt emulsifiers a technical difficulty.

[0009] Moreover, when the imidazoline-based cationic asphalt emulsifier emulsifies asphalt, in order to ensure the stability of the asphalt emulsion, it is necessary to adjust the pH value of the asphalt emulsion to 1-6. Therefore, the asphalt emulsion is acidic. During the production and transportation of the asphalt emulsion, since most of the production equipment and transportation equipment are made of metal materials, it will cause corrosion to the production equipment and transportation equipment, resulting in the production and transportation of the asphalt emulsion becoming a technical difficulty.

[0010] Chinese Patent CN104497599B discloses a micro-surfacing asphalt emulsifier and its preparation method. In this patent, when grafting the cyclization reaction product, the cyclization reaction product, acetone, and formaldehyde are mixed, and a grafting group is introduced into the cyclization reaction product through the Mannich reaction. By adjusting the adsorption of the hydrophilic group in the asphalt emulsifier on the aggregate surface, the demulsification rate of the emulsified asphalt is controlled. However, the asphalt emulsifier prepared by this patent will cause corrosion to the production equipment and transportation equipment after being applied to prepare emulsified asphalt.

[0011] Synthesis and performance evaluation of modified imidazoline-type asphalt emulsifier for micro-surfacing. Kong Xiangjun, Li Fuqi, Yang Weicai, Fan Weiyu, Yao Yan, Liu Nana, Luo Hui. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science). Vol. 40, No. 2, 2016 discloses that methyl acrylate is used to graft the cyclization reaction product to obtain an asphalt emulsifier. The prepared asphalt emulsifier has excellent slow-setting and fast-hardening functions. However, the emulsified asphalt obtained after the prepared asphalt emulsifier is applied to prepare emulsified asphalt will also cause corrosion to the production equipment and transportation equipment.

[0012] Chinese Patent CN107739339A discloses a bifunctional asphalt emulsifier and its preparation method. In this patent, when grafting the cyclization reaction product, after mixing the cyclization reaction product, acetophenone, and formaldehyde, through the Mannich reaction, a benzene ring is introduced into the cyclization reaction product to obtain an asphalt emulsifier. The benzene ring contains π electrons, which can cooperate with the amino group to jointly play a role in coordinating with metals. During the production and transportation of emulsified asphalt, the asphalt emulsifier can form a dense protective film on the metal surface to avoid corrosion of production equipment and transportation equipment. However, the benzene ring in the asphalt emulsifier prepared by this patent will further affect the adaptability of the asphalt emulsifier to different asphalts.

[0013] To address the above problems, the applicant has tried the following methods: Prepare two different types of imidazoline-based cationic asphalt emulsifiers respectively. Specifically: Prepare the first cationic asphalt emulsifier according to the method in Chinese Patent CN104497599B, a method for a micro-surfacing asphalt emulsifier and its preparation method; prepare the second cationic asphalt emulsifier according to the method in Chinese Patent CN107739339A, a bifunctional asphalt emulsifier and its preparation method. Then, compound the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, and a non-ionic asphalt emulsifier, and add calcium chloride as a stabilizer to obtain a compounded asphalt emulsifier. Then, use the compounded asphalt emulsifier for emulsifying asphalt. The non-ionic asphalt emulsifier used is OP-10 or Tween-80. Through the cooperation among the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, and the non-ionic asphalt emulsifier, the adaptability of the compounded asphalt emulsifier to different asphalts is improved. Calcium chloride can increase the double-layer effect of emulsified asphalt particles and enhance the potential, thereby increasing the repulsive force between emulsified asphalt particles and slowing down the coagulation rate of emulsified asphalt particles, so as to improve the slow-cracking and quick-setting function of the compounded asphalt emulsifier. Moreover, the emulsified asphalt prepared from the compounded asphalt emulsifier has little corrosion to production equipment and transportation equipment. However, each asphalt emulsifier in the compounded asphalt emulsifier combines through physical action and reaches an equilibrium state. Among them, the physical action is mainly intermolecular force, and the intermolecular force is greatly affected by temperature and metal ions. For example, an increase in temperature will damage the intermolecular force, and a high metal ion concentration will cause salting out. Specifically, salting out of the surfactant occurs through dehydration and destruction of hydrogen bond interactions, further resulting in unstable performance of the compounded asphalt emulsifier. Specifically, it is manifested that the slow-cracking and quick-setting function is greatly affected by temperature and water hardness. Summary of the Invention

[0014] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a cationic emulsified asphalt and a preparation method thereof. The prepared cationic emulsified asphalt has excellent slow-cracking and quick-setting capabilities, and the slow-cracking and quick-setting capabilities of the cationic emulsified asphalt are less affected by the type of asphalt, temperature, and water hardness in the cationic emulsified asphalt. In addition, the cationic emulsified asphalt has little corrosion to production equipment and transportation equipment.

[0015] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0016] A preparation method of cationic emulsified asphalt includes: preparing a first cationic asphalt emulsifier, preparing a second cationic asphalt emulsifier, preparing a stabilizer, and emulsifying;

[0017] For the preparation of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, tetradecanoic acid and diethylenetriamine are added to a reaction device, stirred at room temperature for 10 - 20 minutes to obtain a reaction raw material, p-xylene is added, the temperature of the reaction device is raised to 135 - 145 °C, stirred and refluxed for 3 - 4 hours, the temperature of the reaction device is raised to 230 - 240 °C to remove the solvent and the generated water, then the reaction device is sealed, the reaction device is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 0.09 - 0.096 MPa, stirred for 4 - 5 hours, the sealed reaction device is opened, the temperature of the reaction device is lowered to 80 - 85 °C, acetone and formaldehyde are added, the pH is adjusted to 3 - 4, the temperature of the reaction device is raised to 90 - 100 °C, stirred for 2 - 3 hours to obtain the first cationic asphalt emulsifier;

[0018] In the preparation of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the molar ratio of tetradecanoic acid to diethylenetriamine is 1:1 - 1.2;

[0019] The mass ratio of the reaction raw material to p-xylene is 100:40 - 50;

[0020] The molar ratio of tetradecanoic acid to acetone and formaldehyde is 1:1 - 1.2:1 - 1.2;

[0021] For the preparation of the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, dodecanoic acid and tetraethylenepentamine are added to a reaction device, stirred at room temperature for 10 - 20 minutes to obtain a reaction raw material, p-xylene is added, the temperature of the reaction device is raised to 135 - 145 °C, stirred and refluxed for 3 - 4 hours, the temperature of the reaction device is raised to 230 - 240 °C to remove the solvent and the generated water, then the reaction device is sealed, the reaction device is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 0.09 - 0.096 MPa, stirred for 4 - 5 hours, the sealed reaction device is opened, the temperature of the reaction device is lowered to 75 - 85 °C, a mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde is added, the pH is adjusted to 3 - 4, the temperature of the reaction device is raised to 90 - 110 °C, stirred for 3 - 4 hours to obtain the second cationic asphalt emulsifier;

[0022] In the preparation of the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, the molar ratio of dodecanoic acid to tetraethylenepentamine is 1:1 - 1.2;

[0023] The mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene is 100:40 - 50;

[0024] The molar ratio of dodecanoic acid to acetophenone and formaldehyde is 1:1 - 1.2:1 - 1.2;

[0025] In the mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde, the ratio of the total mass of acetophenone and formaldehyde to the mass of ethanol is 70 - 80:20;

[0026] The preparation of the stabilizer includes: preparing bis-imidazoline and mixing;

[0027] In the preparation of bis-imidazoline, adipic acid and tetraethylenepentamine are added to the reaction device, stirred at room temperature for 10 - 20 minutes to obtain reaction raw materials, p-xylene is added, the temperature of the reaction device is raised to 135 - 145 °C, stirred and refluxed for 3 - 4 hours, the temperature of the reaction device is raised to 230 - 250 °C, the solvent and the generated water are removed, then the reaction device is sealed, the reaction device is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 0.09 - 0.096 MPa, stirred for 4 - 5 hours, and the sealed reaction device is opened to obtain bis-imidazoline;

[0028] In the preparation of bis-imidazoline, the molar ratio of adipic acid to tetraethylenepentamine is 1:2 - 2.3;

[0029] The mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene is 100:40 - 50;

[0030] In the mixing, after mixing bis-imidazoline with deionized water, stirred at room temperature for 10 - 30 minutes, sodium hexametaphosphate nonahydrate is added, stirred for 2 - 3 h, and left standing for 5 - 6 h to obtain the stabilizer;

[0031] In the mixing, the mass ratio of bis-imidazoline to deionized water is 1:100;

[0032] The mass ratio of bis-imidazoline to sodium hexametaphosphate nonahydrate is 1:1.5 - 1.7;

[0033] In the emulsification, the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80, and tap water are mixed, stirred for 10 - 20 minutes, the pH is adjusted to 2 - 3 with hydrochloric acid, SBR latex is added, stirred for 20 - 30 minutes, heated to 55 - 60 °C, added to a colloid mill, the stabilizer is slowly added to the colloid mill, the colloid mill is started for shearing, and then asphalt at a temperature of 115 - 120 °C is slowly added. After sufficient shearing, cationic emulsified asphalt is obtained;

[0034] In the emulsification, the mass ratio of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80, and tap water is 3:3 - 3.4:3.8 - 4.2:580 - 640;

[0035] The mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 6 - 20%;

[0036] The solid content of the SBR latex is 43%;

[0037] The mass ratio of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier to the stabilizer is 3:6.7 - 7;

[0038] The mass ratio of the solid mass in the SBR latex to the mass of the asphalt is 3 - 3.3:100;

[0039] The mass content of the asphalt in the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is 60 - 62%.

[0040] A cationic emulsified asphalt prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] (1)Preparation method of the cationic emulsified asphalt of the present invention. When inorganic salts are used as stabilizers, they can change the degree of hydration of non-ionic surfactants and the hydrophilic head group region of ionic surfactants, thereby affecting the interfacial adsorption behavior of polymers and surfactants. However, affected by the salt concentration, when the concentration of inorganic salts in tap water is too high, the inorganic salts will promote the formation of water cluster structures, resulting in a reduction of free water, and then destroying the intermolecular forces between non-ionic surfactants and ionic surfactants. Therefore, a stabilizer is designed specifically. The stabilizer of the present invention is compounded by bis-imidazoline and sodium hexametaphosphate nonahydrate. Bis-imidazoline contains two imidazoline groups. When added to an acidic solution, bis-imidazoline carries a positive charge and sodium hexametaphosphate carries a negative charge. Under continuous stirring, flocculants can be formed between them. Then, during the emulsification process, after adding the stabilizer to the colloid mill, in an environment with a pH of 2-3, the metasilicate of sodium hexametaphosphate is transformed into the state of colloidal silicon. The flocculants carry a positive charge and can be combined with the first cationic asphalt emulsifier and the second cationic asphalt emulsifier on the surface of asphalt particles together. At the same time, the flocculants contain a large number of hydrophilic groups, have hydrophilicity and the ability to bind metal ions, can play a bridging role, improve the binding force between the polyhydroxy non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 and the cationic asphalt emulsifier, and can also play a role in fixing and adsorbing metal ions to avoid the influence of metal ions on the binding force between the non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 and the cationic asphalt emulsifier. In addition, the colloidal silicon and a large number of hydrophilic groups in the flocculants can also improve the stability of asphalt particles, avoiding the influence of temperature and asphalt types on the slow cracking and quick setting ability of the cationic emulsified asphalt. Further, the amino groups in the flocculants also have a strong ability to coordinate with metals, which can further improve the corrosion inhibition ability.

[0043] (2) Preparation method of the cationic emulsified asphalt of the present invention. The prepared cationic emulsified asphalt not only has excellent slow-cracking and quick-setting capabilities, but also the slow-cracking and quick-setting capabilities of the cationic emulsified asphalt are less affected by the type of asphalt, temperature, and water hardness in the cationic emulsified asphalt; when the test temperature is 25°C, the hardness of the tap water used is 120 mg / L, and the asphalt is AH-90# asphalt, the average particle size of the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is 3.2 - 4.4 μm, the storage stability for 1 day is 0.25 - 0.31%, the storage stability for 5 days is 2.56 - 2.87%, the residue on sieve (1.18 mm sieve) is 0.02 - 0.03%, and it is mixed with MS-3 type basalt aggregate and water according to a mass ratio of 11.5:100:7, the mixable time is 197 - 218 s, and the initial setting time is 17 - 19 min; when the test temperature is 25°C, the hardness of the tap water used is 250 mg / L, and the asphalt is AH-90# asphalt, the average particle size of the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is 3.3 - 4.5 μm, the storage stability for 1 day is 0.32 - 0.37%, the storage stability for 5 days is 2.92 - 3.05%, the residue on sieve (1.18 mm sieve) is 0.03%, and it is mixed with MS-3 type basalt aggregate and water according to a mass ratio of 11.5:100:7, the mixable time is 192 - 221 s, and the initial setting time is 19 - 20 min; when the test temperature is 25°C, the hardness of the tap water used is 120 mg / L, and the asphalt is AH-70# asphalt, the average particle size of the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is 3.7 - 4.9 μm, the storage stability for 1 day is 0.25 - 0.29%, the storage stability for 5 days is 2.64 - 2.79%, the residue on sieve (1.18 mm sieve) is 0.04 - 0.05%, and it is mixed with MS-3 type basalt aggregate and water according to a mass ratio of 11.5:100:7, the mixable time is 204 - 223 s, and the initial setting time is 18 - 20 min; when the test temperature is 25°C, the hardness of the tap water used is 120 mg / L, and the asphalt is AH-110# asphalt, the average particle size of the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is 3.0 - 4.1 μm, the storage stability for 1 day is 0.24 - 0.27%, the storage stability for 5 days is 2.41 - 2.72%, the residue on sieve (1.18 mm sieve) is 0.01%, and it is mixed with MS-3 type basalt aggregate and water according to a mass ratio of 11.5:100:7, the mixable time is 202 - 219 s, and the initial setting time is 18 - 21 min; when the test temperature is 45°C, the hardness of the tap water used is 120 mg / L, and the asphalt is AH-90# asphalt, the average particle size of the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is 3.3 - 4.6 μm, the storage stability for 1 day is 0.27 - 0.35%, the storage stability for 5 days is 2.60 - 2.94%, the residue on sieve (1.18 mm sieve) is 0.01 - 0.02%, mixed with MS-3 type basalt aggregate and water in a mass ratio of 11.5:100:7, the mixing time can be 189 - 213 s, and the initial setting time is 15 - 17 min.

[0044] (3)The preparation method of the cationic emulsified asphalt of the present invention has little corrosion to the production equipment and transportation equipment according to the SY-T 5405-2019 standard. The corrosion rate of the emulsification system used in the cationic emulsified asphalt of the present invention on the N80 corrosion test piece is 0.22 - 0.25 g•m -2 •h -1 , and the corrosion inhibition rate is 99.14 - 99.46%. Description of the Drawings

[0045] Figure 1 It is the fluorescence microscope image of the cationic emulsified asphalt obtained in Example 1 when the hardness of the tap water used in the emulsification step is 120 mg / L and the asphalt is AH-90# asphalt;

[0046] Figure 2 It is the fluorescence microscope image of the cationic emulsified asphalt obtained in Example 2 when the hardness of the tap water used in the emulsification step is 120 mg / L and the asphalt is AH-90# asphalt. Detailed Embodiments

[0047] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the detailed embodiments of the present invention are now described.

[0048] The structural formula of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 is:

[0049]

[0050] The structural formula of the second cationic asphalt emulsifier prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 is:

[0051]

[0052] The structural formula of the bis-imidazoline prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 is:

[0053]

[0054] Example 1

[0055] A preparation method of cationic emulsified asphalt specifically includes the following steps:

[0056] 1. Preparation of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier: Add tetradecanoic acid and diethylenetriamine into the reaction device in a molar ratio of 1:1, stir at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain the reaction raw materials, add p-xylene, control the mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene to be 100:40, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 135 °C, stir and reflux for 3 hours, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 230 °C, remove the solvent and the generated water, then seal the reaction device, evacuate the reaction device to a vacuum degree of 0.09 MPa, stir for 4 hours, open the sealed reaction device, lower the temperature of the reaction device to 80 °C, add acetone and formaldehyde, control the molar ratio of tetradecanoic acid to acetone and formaldehyde to be 1:1:1, adjust the pH to 3, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 90 °C, stir for 2 hours to obtain the first cationic asphalt emulsifier;

[0057] 2. Preparation of the second cationic asphalt emulsifier: Add dodecanoic acid and tetraethylenepentamine into the reaction device in a molar ratio of 1:1, stir at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain the reaction raw materials, add p-xylene, control the mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene to be 100:40, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 135 °C, stir and reflux for 3 hours, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 230 °C, remove the solvent and the generated water, then seal the reaction device, evacuate the reaction device to a vacuum degree of 0.09 MPa, stir for 4 hours, open the sealed reaction device, lower the temperature of the reaction device to 75 °C, add a mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde, control the molar ratio of dodecanoic acid to acetophenone and formaldehyde to be 1:1:1, adjust the pH to 3, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 90 °C, stir for 3 hours to obtain the second cationic asphalt emulsifier;

[0058] The ratio of the total mass of acetophenone and formaldehyde to the mass of ethanol in the mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde is 70:20;

[0059] 3. Preparation of the stabilizer:

[0060] (1) Preparation of bis-imidazoline: Add adipic acid and tetraethylenepentamine into the reaction device in a molar ratio of 1:2, stir at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain the reaction raw materials, add p-xylene, control the mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene to be 100:40, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 135 °C, stir and reflux for 3 hours, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 230 °C, remove the solvent and the generated water, then seal the reaction device, evacuate the reaction device to a vacuum degree of 0.09 MPa, stir for 4 hours, open the sealed reaction device to obtain bis-imidazoline;

[0061] (2) Mixing: After mixing the bis-imidazoline and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:100, stir for 10 minutes at room temperature, add sodium hexametaphosphate nonahydrate, control the mass ratio of bis-imidazoline to sodium hexametaphosphate nonahydrate to be 1:1.5, stir for 2 h, and let stand for 5 h to obtain a stabilizer;

[0062] 4. Emulsification: After mixing the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80, and tap water at a mass ratio of 3:3:3.8:580, stir for 10 minutes, adjust the pH to 2 using hydrochloric acid, add SBR latex, stir for 20 minutes, heat to 55 °C, add to a colloid mill, slowly add the stabilizer to the colloid mill, turn on the colloid mill for shearing, and then slowly add asphalt at a temperature of 115 °C. After sufficient shearing, obtain cationic emulsified asphalt;

[0063] The mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 6%;

[0064] The solid content of the SBR latex is 43%;

[0065] The mass ratio of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier to the stabilizer is 3:6.7;

[0066] The mass ratio of the solid mass in the SBR latex to the mass of the asphalt is 3:100;

[0067] The mass content of the asphalt in the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is 60%.

[0068] This example also provides a cationic emulsified asphalt prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] A preparation method of cationic emulsified asphalt, omitting the 3rd step of preparing the stabilizer on the basis of Example 1, and omitting the addition of the stabilizer in the 4th step of the emulsification step.

[0071] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0072] 1. Preparation of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier: Add tetradecanoic acid and diethylenetriamine into the reaction device according to a molar ratio of 1:1, stir at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain the reaction raw materials, add p-xylene, control the mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene to be 100:40, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 135 °C, stir and reflux for 3 hours, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 230 °C, remove the solvent and the generated water, then seal the reaction device, evacuate the reaction device to a vacuum degree of 0.09 MPa, stir for 4 hours, open the sealed reaction device, lower the temperature of the reaction device to 80 °C, add acetone and formaldehyde, control the molar ratio of tetradecanoic acid to acetone and formaldehyde to be 1:1:1, adjust the pH to 3, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 90 °C, stir for 2 hours to obtain the first cationic asphalt emulsifier;

[0073] 2. Preparation of the second cationic asphalt emulsifier: Add dodecanoic acid and tetraethylenepentamine into the reaction device according to a molar ratio of 1:1, stir at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain the reaction raw materials, add p-xylene, control the mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene to be 100:40, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 135 °C, stir and reflux for 3 hours, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 230 °C, remove the solvent and the generated water, then seal the reaction device, evacuate the reaction device to a vacuum degree of 0.09 MPa, stir for 4 hours, open the sealed reaction device, lower the temperature of the reaction device to 75 °C, add a mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde, control the molar ratio of dodecanoic acid to acetophenone and formaldehyde to be 1:1:1, adjust the pH to 3, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 90 °C, stir for 3 hours to obtain the second cationic asphalt emulsifier;

[0074] The ratio of the total mass of acetophenone and formaldehyde to the mass of ethanol in the mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde is 70:20;

[0075] 3. Emulsification: Mix the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80, and tap water according to a mass ratio of 3:3:3.8:580, stir for 10 minutes, adjust the pH to 2 using hydrochloric acid, add SBR latex, stir for 20 minutes, heat to 55 °C, add it to a colloid mill, turn on the colloid mill for shearing, then slowly add asphalt at a temperature of 115 °C, and after sufficient shearing, obtain cationic emulsified asphalt;

[0076] The mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 6%;

[0077] The solid content of the SBR latex is 43%;

[0078] The mass ratio of the solid in the SBR latex to the mass of the asphalt is 3:100;

[0079] The mass content of asphalt in the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is 60%.

[0080] This comparative example also provides a cationic emulsified asphalt prepared by the foregoing preparation method.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] A preparation method of cationic emulsified asphalt specifically includes the following steps:

[0083] 1. Prepare the first cationic asphalt emulsifier: Add tetradecanoic acid and diethylenetriamine to the reaction device according to a molar ratio of 1:1.2, stir at room temperature for 20 minutes to obtain the reaction raw materials, add p-xylene, control the mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene to be 100:50, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 145 °C, stir and reflux for 4 hours, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 240 °C, remove the solvent and the generated water, then seal the reaction device, evacuate the reaction device to a vacuum degree of 0.096 MPa, stir for 5 hours, open the sealed reaction device, lower the temperature of the reaction device to 85 °C, add acetone and formaldehyde, control the molar ratio of tetradecanoic acid to acetone and formaldehyde to be 1:1.2:1.2, adjust the pH to 4, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 100 °C, stir for 3 hours to obtain the first cationic asphalt emulsifier;

[0084] 2. Prepare the second cationic asphalt emulsifier: Add dodecanoic acid and tetraethylenepentamine to the reaction device according to a molar ratio of 1:1.2, stir at room temperature for 20 minutes to obtain the reaction raw materials, add p-xylene, control the mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene to be 100:50, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 145 °C, stir and reflux for 4 hours, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 240 °C, remove the solvent and the generated water, then seal the reaction device, evacuate the reaction device to a vacuum degree of 0.096 MPa, stir for 5 hours, open the sealed reaction device, lower the temperature of the reaction device to 85 °C, add a mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde, control the molar ratio of dodecanoic acid to acetophenone and formaldehyde to be 1:1.2:1.2, adjust the pH to 4, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 110 °C, stir for 4 hours to obtain the second cationic asphalt emulsifier;

[0085] The ratio of the total mass of acetophenone and formaldehyde to the mass of ethanol in the mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde is 80:20;

[0086] 3. Prepare the stabilizer:

[0087] (1) Preparation of bis-imidazoline: Adipic acid and tetraethylenepentamine were added to a reaction device in a molar ratio of 1:2.3, stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes to obtain reaction raw materials, p-xylene was added, and the mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene was controlled to be 100:50. The temperature of the reaction device was raised to 145 °C, and stirred under reflux for 4 hours. Then the temperature of the reaction device was raised to 250 °C to remove the solvent and the generated water. Then the reaction device was sealed, evacuated to a vacuum degree of 0.096 MPa, stirred for 5 hours, and the sealed reaction device was opened to obtain bis-imidazoline;

[0088] (2) Mixing: Bis-imidazoline and deionized water were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:100, stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, sodium hexametaphosphate nonahydrate was added, and the mass ratio of bis-imidazoline to sodium hexametaphosphate nonahydrate was controlled to be 1:1.7, stirred for 3 h, and left standing for 6 h to obtain a stabilizer;

[0089] 4. Emulsification: The first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80, and tap water were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:3.4:4.2:640, stirred for 20 minutes, the pH was adjusted to 3 using hydrochloric acid, SBR latex was added, stirred for 30 minutes, heated to 60 °C, added to a colloid mill, the stabilizer was slowly added to the colloid mill, the colloid mill was started for shearing, and then asphalt at 120 °C was slowly added. After sufficient shearing, cationic emulsified asphalt was obtained;

[0090] The mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 20%;

[0091] The solid content of the SBR latex is 43%;

[0092] The mass ratio of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier to the stabilizer is 3:7;

[0093] The mass ratio of the solid in the SBR latex to the mass of the asphalt is 3.3:100;

[0094] The mass content of the asphalt in the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is 62%.

[0095] This example also provides a cationic emulsified asphalt prepared by the foregoing preparation method.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] A preparation method of cationic emulsified asphalt, on the basis of Example 1, omitting the 3rd step of preparing the stabilizer and omitting the addition of the stabilizer in the 4th step of the emulsification step.

[0098] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0099] 1. Preparation of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier: Add tetradecanoic acid and diethylenetriamine into the reaction device according to a molar ratio of 1:1.2, stir at room temperature for 20 minutes to obtain the reaction raw materials, add p-xylene, control the mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene to be 100:50, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 145 °C, stir and reflux for 4 hours, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 240 °C, remove the solvent and the generated water, then seal the reaction device, evacuate the reaction device to a vacuum degree of 0.096 MPa, stir for 5 hours, open the sealed reaction device, lower the temperature of the reaction device to 85 °C, add acetone and formaldehyde, control the molar ratio of tetradecanoic acid to acetone and formaldehyde to be 1:1.2:1.2, adjust the pH to 4, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 100 °C, stir for 3 hours to obtain the first cationic asphalt emulsifier;

[0100] 2. Preparation of the second cationic asphalt emulsifier: Add dodecanoic acid and tetraethylenepentamine into the reaction device according to a molar ratio of 1:1.2, stir at room temperature for 20 minutes to obtain the reaction raw materials, add p-xylene, control the mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p-xylene to be 100:50, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 145 °C, stir and reflux for 4 hours, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 240 °C, remove the solvent and the generated water, then seal the reaction device, evacuate the reaction device to a vacuum degree of 0.096 MPa, stir for 5 hours, open the sealed reaction device, lower the temperature of the reaction device to 85 °C, add a mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde, control the molar ratio of dodecanoic acid to acetophenone and formaldehyde to be 1:1.2:1.2, adjust the pH to 4, raise the temperature of the reaction device to 110 °C, stir for 4 hours to obtain the second cationic asphalt emulsifier;

[0101] The ratio of the total mass of acetophenone and formaldehyde to the mass of ethanol in the mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde is 80:20;

[0102] 3. Emulsification: Mix the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80, and tap water according to a mass ratio of 3:3.4:4.2:640, stir for 20 minutes, adjust the pH to 3 using hydrochloric acid, add SBR latex, stir for 30 minutes, heat to 60 °C, add it to a colloid mill, turn on the colloid mill for shearing, and then slowly add asphalt at a temperature of 120 °C. After sufficient shearing, obtain cationic emulsified asphalt;

[0103] The mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 20%;

[0104] The solid content of the SBR latex is 43%;

[0105] The mass ratio of the solid in the SBR latex to the mass of the asphalt is 3.3:100;

[0106] The mass content of asphalt in the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is 62%.

[0107] This comparative example also provides a cationic emulsified asphalt prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0108] Performance Test Example 1

[0109] When the hardness of the tap water used in the emulsification step in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 2 is 120 mg / L, and the asphalt is AH-90# asphalt, the average particle size, 1-day storage stability, 5-day storage stability, and sieve residue of the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt are as follows (test temperature is 25 °C):

[0110]

[0111] Scanning electron microscope analysis was performed on the cationic emulsified asphalt obtained in Example 1 and Example 2, and the obtained scanning electron microscope images are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0112] The obtained cationic emulsified asphalt was mixed with MS-3 type basalt aggregate and water in a mass ratio of 11.5:100:7, and the mixable time and initial setting time were tested. The test results are as follows (test temperature is 25 °C):

[0113]

[0114] Performance Test Example 2

[0115] When the hardness of the tap water used in the emulsification step in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 2 is 250 mg / L, and the asphalt is AH-90# asphalt, the average particle size, 1-day storage stability, 5-day storage stability, and sieve residue of the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt are as follows (test temperature is 25 °C):

[0116]

[0117] The obtained cationic emulsified asphalt was mixed with MS-3 type basalt aggregate and water in a mass ratio of 11.5:100:7, and the mixable time and initial setting time were tested. The test results are as follows (test temperature is 25 °C):

[0118]

[0119] Performance Test Example 3

[0120] When the hardness of the tap water used in the emulsification step in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 2 is 120 mg / L and the asphalt is AH-70# asphalt, the average particle size, 1-day storage stability, 5-day storage stability, and residue on sieve of the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt are as follows (test temperature is 25 °C):

[0121]

[0122] The obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is mixed with MS-3 type basalt aggregate and water according to a mass ratio of 11.5:100:7, and the mixable time and initial setting time are tested. The test results are as follows (test temperature is 25 °C):

[0123]

[0124] Performance Test Example 4

[0125] When the hardness of the tap water used in the emulsification step in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 2 is 120 mg / L and the asphalt is AH-110# asphalt, the average particle size, 1-day storage stability, 5-day storage stability, and residue on sieve of the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt are as follows (test temperature is 25 °C):

[0126]

[0127] The obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is mixed with MS-3 type basalt aggregate and water according to a mass ratio of 11.5:100:7, and the mixable time and initial setting time are tested. The test results are as follows (test temperature is 25 °C):

[0128]

[0129] Performance Test Example 5

[0130] When the hardness of the tap water used in the emulsification step in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 2 is 120 mg / L and the asphalt is AH-90# asphalt, the average particle size, 1-day storage stability, 5-day storage stability, and residue on sieve of the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt are as follows (test temperature is 45 °C):

[0131]

[0132] The obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is mixed with MS-3 type basalt aggregate and water according to a mass ratio of 11.5:100:7, and the mixable time and initial setting time are tested. The test results are as follows (test temperature is 45 °C):

[0133]

[0134] Performance Test Example 6

[0135] According to the SY-T 5405-2019 standard, the corrosion of metals by the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, and the stabilizer prepared in Example 1 was tested as follows (the test temperature was 25 °C):

[0136] The first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80, and tap water were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:3:3.8:580, stirred for 10 minutes, the pH was adjusted to 2 with hydrochloric acid, the stabilizer was slowly added, and the mass ratio of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier to the stabilizer was controlled at 3:6.7. After stirring for 10 minutes and heating to 90 °C, a mixed solution was obtained. The N80 corrosion test piece was placed in the mixed solution and allowed to stand for 4 hours. After taking out the test piece, it was weighed, the corrosion rate was calculated based on the weight loss, and the average value of three tests was taken as the final result. At the same time, a blank control was set to calculate the corrosion inhibition rate;

[0137] The corrosion of metals by the first cationic asphalt emulsifier and the second cationic asphalt emulsifier prepared in Comparative Example 1 was tested as follows (the test temperature was 25 °C):

[0138] The first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80, and tap water were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:3:3.8:580, stirred for 10 minutes, the pH was adjusted to 2 with hydrochloric acid, and after heating to 90 °C, a mixed solution was obtained. The N80 corrosion test piece was placed in the mixed solution and allowed to stand for 4 hours. After taking out the test piece, it was weighed, the corrosion rate was calculated based on the weight loss, and the average value of three tests was taken as the final result. At the same time, a blank control was set to calculate the corrosion inhibition rate;

[0139] The corrosion of metals by the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, and the stabilizer prepared in Example 2 was tested as follows (the test temperature was 25 °C):

[0140] The first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80, and tap water were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:3.4:4.2:640, stirred for 10 minutes, the pH was adjusted to 2 with hydrochloric acid, the stabilizer was slowly added, and the mass ratio of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier to the stabilizer was controlled at 3:7. After stirring for 10 minutes and heating to 90 °C, a mixed solution was obtained. The N80 corrosion test piece was placed in the mixed solution and allowed to stand for 4 hours. After taking out the test piece, it was weighed, the corrosion rate was calculated based on the weight loss, and the average value of three tests was taken as the final result. At the same time, a blank control was set to calculate the corrosion inhibition rate;

[0141] The first cationic asphalt emulsifier and the second cationic asphalt emulsifier prepared in Comparative Example 2 were tested for their corrosion to metals according to the following method (the test temperature was 25 °C):

[0142] The first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80, and tap water were mixed at a mass ratio of 3:3.4:4.2:640, stirred for 10 minutes, adjusted to pH 2 with hydrochloric acid, heated to 90 °C to obtain a mixed solution. The N80 corrosion test piece was placed in the mixed solution and allowed to stand for 4 hours. After taking out the test piece, it was weighed, and the corrosion rate was calculated based on the weight loss. The average value of three tests was taken as the final result. At the same time, a blank control was set to calculate the inhibition efficiency;

[0143] The calculation results are as follows:

[0144]

[0145] From the results of Performance Tests 1-5, it can be seen that, compared with Comparative Example 1, Example 1, and compared with Comparative Example 2, Example 2, the prepared cationic emulsified asphalt has better slow-cracking and quick-setting capabilities. Moreover, the slow-cracking and quick-setting capabilities of the prepared cationic emulsified asphalt are less affected by the type of asphalt, temperature, and water hardness in the cationic emulsified asphalt. Compared with Comparative Example 1, Example 1, and compared with Comparative Example 2, Example 2, the emulsification systems used also have less corrosion to production equipment and transportation equipment.

Claims

1. A preparation method of cationic emulsified asphalt, characterized in that Including: Preparing a first cationic asphalt emulsifier, preparing a second cationic asphalt emulsifier, preparing a stabilizer, and emulsifying; For the preparation of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, after mixing tetradecanoic acid and diethylenetriamine, stir at room temperature for 10 - 20 minutes to obtain a reaction raw material. Add p-xylene to the reaction raw material, heat up to 135 - 145 °C, stir and reflux for 3 - 4 hours, then heat up to 230 - 240 °C to remove the solvent and the generated water. Then stir in a vacuum environment for 4 - 5 hours, cancel the vacuum, cool down to 80 - 85 °C, add acetone and formaldehyde, adjust the pH to 3 - 4, heat up to 90 - 100 °C, and stir for 2 - 3 hours to obtain the first cationic asphalt emulsifier; For the preparation of the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, after mixing dodecanoic acid and tetraethylenepentamine, stir at room temperature for 10 - 20 minutes to obtain a reaction raw material. Add p-xylene, heat up to 135 - 145 °C, stir and reflux for 3 - 4 hours, then heat up to 230 - 240 °C to remove the solvent and the generated water. Stir in a vacuum environment for 4 - 5 hours, cancel the vacuum, cool down to 75 - 85 °C, add a mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde, adjust the pH to 3 - 4, heat up to 90 - 110 °C, and stir for 3 - 4 hours to obtain the second cationic asphalt emulsifier; For the preparation of the stabilizer, including: preparing bis-imidazoline and mixing; For the preparation of bis-imidazoline, after mixing adipic acid and tetraethylenepentamine, stir at room temperature for 10 - 20 minutes to obtain a reaction raw material. Add p-xylene, heat up to 135 - 145 °C, stir and reflux for 3 - 4 hours, then heat up to 230 - 250 °C to remove the solvent and the generated water. Stir in a vacuum environment for 4 - 5 hours to obtain bis-imidazoline; For the mixing, after mixing bis-imidazoline and deionized water, stir at room temperature for 10 - 30 minutes, add sodium hexametaphosphate nonahydrate, stir for 2 - 3 h, and let it stand for 5 - 6 h to obtain the stabilizer; In the mixing, the mass ratio of bis-imidazoline to sodium hexametaphosphate nonahydrate is 1:1.5 - 1.7; For the emulsifying, after mixing the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80, and tap water, stir for 10 - 20 minutes, use hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 2 - 3, add SBR latex, stir for 20 - 30 minutes, heat up to 55 - 60 °C, add it to a colloid mill, add the stabilizer to the colloid mill, turn on the colloid mill for shearing, then add asphalt at a temperature of 115 - 120 °C, and after sufficient shearing, obtain cationic emulsified asphalt.

2. The preparation method of the cationic emulsified asphalt according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the molar ratio of tetradecanoic acid to diethylenetriamine is 1:1 - 1.2; The mass ratio of the reaction raw material to p-xylene is 100:40 - 50; The molar ratio of tetradecanoic acid to acetone and formaldehyde is 1:1 - 1.2:1 - 1.2; The vacuum degree of the vacuum environment is 0.09 - 0.096 MPa.

3. The preparation method of the cationic emulsified asphalt according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation of the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, the molar ratio of dodecanoic acid to tetraethylenepentamine is 1:1 - 1.2; The mass ratio of the reaction raw material to p-xylene is 100:40 - 50; The molar ratio of dodecanoic acid, acetophenone and formaldehyde is 1:1 - 1.2:1 - 1.2; In the mixed ethanol solution of acetophenone and formaldehyde, the ratio of the total mass of acetophenone and formaldehyde to the mass of ethanol is 70 - 80:20; The vacuum degree of the vacuum environment is 0.09 - 0.096 MPa.

4. The preparation method of the cationic emulsified asphalt according to claim 1, wherein In the preparation of the bis - imidazoline, the molar ratio of adipic acid to tetraethylenepentamine is 1:2 - 2.3; The mass ratio of the reaction raw materials to p - xylene is 100:40 - 50; The vacuum degree of the vacuum environment is 0.09 - 0.096 MPa.

5. The preparation method of the cationic emulsified asphalt according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the mixing, the mass ratio of bis - imidazoline to deionized water is 1:

100.

6. The preparation method of the cationic emulsified asphalt according to claim 1, wherein, In the emulsification, the mass ratio of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier, the second cationic asphalt emulsifier, Tween 80 and tap water is 3:3 - 3.4:3.8 - 4.2:580 - 640; The mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 6 - 20%; The solid content of the SBR latex is 43%; The mass ratio of the first cationic asphalt emulsifier to the stabilizer is 3:6.7 - 7; The mass ratio of the solid mass in the SBR latex to the mass of asphalt is 3 - 3.3:100; The mass content of asphalt in the obtained cationic emulsified asphalt is 60 - 62%.

7. A cationic emulsified asphalt prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 - 6.

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