Preparation method of hydrogel-based bionic human heart target
By using the bionic cardiac target prepared with PVA-PAM-AG hydrogel material, the problem of unstable mechanical properties of the target materials in the prior art and difficulty in simulating other biological organs is solved, and stable mechanical response and multi-organ mechanical simulation capabilities are achieved at different temperatures.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510227234.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-13
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, target materials used to simulate the human heart, such as ballistic gelatin, are unstable in the mechanical properties of temperature changes, and it is difficult to accurately simulate the mechanical responses of other biological organs.
The hydrogel bionic material of PVA-PAM-AG is used to prepare the biomimic target based on the heart. By adjusting the material proportion and preparation process, the mechanical properties of the material are adjusted.
The developed hydrogel bionic cardiac material has a similar mechanical response to real myocardial tissue under transient impact, is not affected by temperature changes, and can be used to simulate the mechanical behavior of other biological organs.
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Figure CN120137210A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of personnel injury assessment, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a hydrogel bionic human heart target. Background Art
[0002] In events such as sports, vehicle collisions, and bullet penetrations, the organs in the human chest and abdomen are extremely vulnerable to transient impacts, leading to casualties. In order to further understand the injury mechanism of the heart organ under transient impacts, it is urgent to develop a bionic heart organ with real physical properties, so as to provide important references for optimizing the protective performance of bulletproof vests, enhancing the lethality of weapons, and treating injured personnel.
[0003] The targets used in current research mainly include biological targets, non-biological targets, and finite element targets. Due to factors such as the differences among biological individuals and experimental costs, the use of biological targets has significant limitations. Non-biological targets are made of analogs with mechanical responses similar to biological tissues, mainly including ballistic gelatin, soap, and clay. Among them, ballistic gelatin has the widest range of applications. In the literature Salisbury C P, Cronin D S. Mechanical properties of ballistic gelatin at high deformation rates[J]. Experimental mechanics, 2009, 49:829 - 840. Salisbury et al. designed a compression experiment on ballistic gelatin with a mass fraction of 20% and a use temperature of 10 °C (denoted as 10 °C, 20% ballistic gelatin, the same below) at different strain rates using a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB), and the obtained true stress-strain curve is as Figure 1 shown. However, its instability in mechanical properties with temperature changes and the characteristics of being prone to deterioration during storage limit its application. The accuracy of the simulation results of finite element targets essentially depends on the matching degree of the geometric accuracy of the model and the mechanical properties of the material. The required basic data comes from experiments on biological targets and non-biological targets, and it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of their mechanical responses. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a hydrogel bionic human heart target, and to develop a hydrogel bionic organ with adjustable mechanical properties, which can be used for research on personnel injuries under typical transient impacts such as bullet impacts.
[0005] The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the present invention is as follows:
[0006] A preparation method of a hydrogel bionic human heart target, which is prepared by using a PVA-PAM-AG hydrogel bionic material, wherein the mass fractions of PVA-PAM-AG are 10%-10%-1% to 10%-10%-3% respectively.
[0007] Compared with the prior art, the remarkable advantages of the present invention are:
[0008] The existing ballistic gelatin has mechanical properties similar to those of muscle tissue, cannot be accurately used as a simulation of other biological organs, and must be used in a low-temperature (10°C) environment. The hydrogel bionic material developed by the present invention has a mechanical response similar to that of real myocardial tissue under transient impact and does not have to be used in a low-temperature (10°C) environment.
[0009] In the preparation of traditional polyvinyl alcohol-polyacrylamide double-network hydrogels, agarose is introduced to achieve the adjustable mechanical properties of the hydrogels. Description of the Drawings
[0010] Figure 1 Compression stress-strain curves of 10°C, 20% ballistic gelatin at different strain rates.
[0011] Figure 2 Hydrogel bionic organ prepared in Example 1
[0012] Figure 3 Stress-strain curves of hydrogel bionic heart material and sheep myocardium at a strain rate of 0.1 / s.
[0013] Figure 4 Stress-strain curves of hydrogel bionic heart material, ballistic gelatin and sheep myocardium at a strain rate of 4000 / s. Detailed Embodiments
[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0015] A preparation method of a hydrogel-based bionic human heart target of the present invention. The bionic heart mimic uses a polyvinyl alcohol-polyacrylamide (PVA-PAM) double-network hydrogel, which is mainly synthesized from PVA powder (molecular weight 205000), acrylamide (AM) powder, agarose powder (AG), N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) powder, ammonium persulphate (APS) powder, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) liquid and deionized water. The PVA powder, AM powder, AG powder, MBA powder, APS powder, TEMED liquid and deionized water are all commercial products.
[0016] Example 1
[0017] Figure 2 The prepared hydrogel bionic heart is shown. Taking the preparation of a hydrogel bionic material with a 10% PVA mass fraction, 10% PAM mass fraction, and 1% AG mass fraction (denoted as 10PVA-10PAM-1AG, the same below) as an example, when preparing 100 g of the hydrogel bionic material, ① Weigh 10 g of PVA powder, 10 g of AM powder, 1 g of AG powder, 0.1 g of MBA powder, and 77.3 g of deionized water. ② After heating the deionized water to 95 °C using a thermostatic water bath, pour in the PVA powder, AM powder, AG powder, and MBA powder and stir and mix for 2 hours to obtain a transparent precursor solution 1. ③ While maintaining stirring and mixing, cool the precursor solution 1 to room temperature (20 °C - 25 °C) and then drop in 0.01 g of TEMED to obtain a precursor solution 2. ④ While maintaining stirring and mixing, transfer the precursor solution 2 to an ice-water bath (0 °C - 5 °C) environment and pour in 1.6 g of APS powder to obtain a precursor solution 3. ⑤ Transfer the precursor solution 3 to a silicone mold of a human heart within 1 minute and let it stand in an incubator at room temperature (20 °C - 25 °C) for 6 hours. Then place the mold containing the precursor solution 3 in a refrigerator (-21 °C - -19 °C) and freeze for 16 hours, and then thaw at room temperature (20 °C - 25 °C) in the incubator for 8 hours. Repeat the above freeze-thaw cycle process 3 times, and finally open the mold to obtain the hydrogel bionic organ.
[0018] Example 2
[0019] Taking the preparation of the 10PVA-10PAM-3AG hydrogel biomimetic material as an example, when preparing 100 g of the hydrogel biomimetic material, ① weigh 10 g of PVA powder, 10 g of AM powder, 3 g of AG powder, 0.1 g of MBA powder, and 75.3 g of deionized water. ② After heating the deionized water to 95 °C using a constant temperature water bath, pour in the PVA powder, AM powder, AG powder, and MBA powder and stir and mix for 2 hours to obtain a transparent precursor solution 1. ③ Keep stirring and mixing, and after cooling the precursor solution 1 to room temperature (20 °C to 25 °C), add 0.01 g of TEMED dropwise to obtain a precursor solution 2. ④ Keep stirring and mixing, transfer the precursor solution 2 to an ice-water bath (0 °C to 5 °C) environment, and pour in 1.6 g of APS powder to obtain a precursor solution 3. ⑤ Transfer the precursor solution 3 to a silicone mold of the human heart within 1 minute, and let it stand in a constant temperature oven at room temperature (20 °C to 25 °C) for 6 hours. Then place the mold containing the precursor solution 3 in a refrigerator (-21 °C to -19 °C) and freeze for 16 hours, and then thaw at room temperature (20 °C to 25 °C) in a constant temperature oven for 8 hours. Repeat the above freezing-thawing cycle process 3 times, and finally open the mold to obtain the hydrogel biomimetic organ.
[0020] Comparative Example 1
[0021] Taking the preparation of the 20PVA-3AG hydrogel biomimetic material as an example, when preparing 100 g of the hydrogel biomimetic material, ① weigh 20 g of PVA powder, 3 g of AG powder, and 77 g of deionized water. ② After heating the deionized water to 95 °C using a constant temperature water bath, pour in the PVA powder and AG powder and stir and mix for 2 hours to obtain a transparent precursor solution. ③ Keep stirring and mixing, and after cooling the precursor solution to room temperature (20 °C to 25 °C), transfer the precursor solution to a silicone mold of the human heart within 1 minute, and let it stand in a constant temperature oven at room temperature (20 °C to 25 °C) for 6 hours. Then place the mold containing the precursor solution in a refrigerator (-21 °C to -19 °C) and freeze for 16 hours, and then thaw at room temperature (20 °C to 25 °C) in a constant temperature oven for 8 hours. Repeat the above freezing-thawing cycle process 3 times, and finally open the mold to obtain the hydrogel biomimetic organ.
[0022] Comparative Example 2
[0023] Taking the preparation of the hydrogel biomimetic material of 20PAM-3AG as an example, when preparing 100 g of the hydrogel biomimetic material, ① weigh 20 g of AM powder, 3 g of AG powder, 0.1 g of MBA powder, and 75.3 g of deionized water. ② Pour the AM powder, AG powder, and MBA powder into the deionized water, and stir and mix at room temperature (20 °C to 25 °C) for 2 hours to obtain a transparent precursor solution 1. ③ Keep stirring and mixing, cool the precursor solution 1 to room temperature (20 °C to 25 °C), and then drop in 0.01 g of TEMED to obtain a precursor solution 2. ④ Keep stirring and mixing, transfer the precursor solution 2 to an ice-water bath (0 °C to 5 °C) environment, and pour in 1.6 g of APS powder to obtain a precursor solution 3. ⑤ Transfer the precursor solution 3 to a silicone mold of the human heart within 1 minute, and let it stand in a constant temperature oven at room temperature (20 °C to 25 °C) for 6 hours. Finally, open the mold to obtain the hydrogel biomimetic organ.
[0024] Quasi-static compression mechanical property experiments of hydrogel biomimetic materials with different ratios were carried out at a strain rate of 0.1 / s, and high-strain rate compression mechanical property experiments based on SHPB were carried out to obtain the compression stress-strain curves of the hydrogel biomimetic heart materials. In order to verify the accuracy of the mechanical properties of the hydrogel biomimetic heart materials, under the same experimental conditions and experimental methods, the compression stress-strain curves of the left ventricular tissue of fresh sheep hearts were obtained. The experimental results were compared with the compression stress-strain curves of 10 °C and 20% ballistic gelatin by Salisbury et al. The specific results are as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown.
[0025] Figure 3 Shows the compression experimental results of hydrogel biomimetic heart materials with different ratios and sheep myocardial tissues at a strain rate of 0.1 / s. The experimental results show that the stress-strain curves of the PVA-PAM double-network hydrogel biomimetic heart materials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 show a concave-up non-linearity similar to that of sheep myocardial tissues at a compression strain rate of 0.1 / s. When the strain is 0.3, the compression stresses of Example 1, Example 2, and sheep myocardial tissues are 0.042 MPa, 0.058 MPa, and 0.022 MPa respectively; when the strain increases to 0.6, the compression stresses of Example 1, Example 2, and sheep myocardial tissues are 0.220 MPa, 0.306 MPa, and 0.370 MPa respectively. When Example 1 and Example 2 are subjected to quasi-static compression at a strain rate of 0.1 / s, within the range of strain 0 to 0.6, they both have approximate mechanical response results to those of sheep myocardial tissues, indicating the accuracy of the quasi-static compression mechanical properties of the hydrogel biomimetic heart materials prepared in the examples.
[0026] Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are respectively PVA hydrogel bionic heart materials and PAM hydrogel bionic heart materials with the same mass fraction as the examples. Their stress-strain curves at a compressive strain rate of 0.1 / s show a concave-up non-linearity similar to that of sheep myocardial tissue. When the strain is 0.3, the compressive stresses of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and sheep myocardial tissue are 0.032 MPa, 0.015 MPa and 0.022 MPa respectively; when the strain increases to 0.6, the compressive stresses of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and sheep myocardial tissue are 0.172 MPa, 0.082 MPa and 0.370 MPa respectively. When Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are subjected to quasi-static compression at a strain rate of 0.1 / s, they only have mechanical response results similar to those of sheep myocardial tissue in the range of strain 0 - 0.3. However, in the range of strain 0.3 - 0.6, the compressive stresses of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 at the same strain are significantly less than those of sheep myocardial tissue, indicating that the hydrogel bionic heart materials prepared in the examples have quasi-static compression mechanical properties closer to those of sheep myocardial tissue than the hydrogel bionic heart materials prepared in the comparative examples.
[0027] Figure 4 The compression test results of hydrogel bionic heart materials with different ratios, ballistic gelatin and sheep myocardial tissue at a strain rate of 4000 / s are shown. The test results show that the compression stress-strain curves of the PVA-PAM double-network hydrogel bionic heart materials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 show a concave-up non-linearity similar to that of sheep myocardial tissue at a strain rate of 4000 / s. When the strain is 0.30, the compressive stresses of Example 1, Example 2 and sheep myocardial tissue are 2.046 MPa, 3.046 MPa and 1.751 MPa respectively; when the strain increases to 0.53, the compressive stresses of Example 1, Example 2 and sheep myocardial tissue are 5.754 MPa, 8.304 MPa and 8.915 MPa respectively. When Example 1 and Example 2 are compressed at a strain rate of 4000 / s, they both have mechanical response results similar to those of sheep myocardial tissue in the range of strain 0 - 0.53, indicating the accuracy of the quasi-static compression mechanical properties of the hydrogel bionic heart materials prepared in the examples.
[0028] The experimental results of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Salisbury et al. showed a concave-up non-linearity similar to that of sheep myocardial tissue in the stress-strain curve at a compressive strain rate of 4000 / s. When the strain was 0.3, the compressive stresses of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, the experimental results of Salisbury et al. and sheep myocardial tissue were 1.129 MPa, 0.692 MPa, 1.744 MPa and 1.751 MPa respectively; when the strain increased to 0.53, the compressive stresses of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, the experimental results of Salisbury et al. and sheep myocardial tissue were 3.980 MPa, 2.993 MPa, 18.219 MPa and 8.915 MPa respectively. When the ballistic gelatin prepared by Salisbury et al. was subjected to quasi-static compression at a strain rate of 4000 / s, it only had a mechanical response result similar to that of sheep myocardial tissue in the range of strain 0-0.3. However, in the range of strain 0.3-0.53, the compressive stress of the ballistic gelatin prepared by Salisbury et al. at the same strain was significantly greater than that of sheep myocardial tissue, and the compressive stresses of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were significantly less than that of sheep myocardial tissue, indicating that the hydrogel bionic heart material prepared in the examples had quasi-static compression mechanical properties closer to those of sheep myocardial tissue than the hydrogel bionic heart materials prepared in the comparative examples and the ballistic gelatin prepared by Salisbury et al.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a hydrogel bionic human heart target, characterized in that: The hydrogel bionic material of PVA-PAM-AG is adopted for preparation, wherein the mass fraction of PVA-PAM-AG is 10%-10%-1% to 10%-10%-3%.
2. The method for preparing a hydrogel bionic human heart target according to claim 1, characterized in that: Weigh PVA powder, AM powder, AG powder, MBA powder and deionized water; use a constant temperature water bath to heat the deionized water, pour in PVA powder, AM powder, AG powder and MBA powder and stir to mix, to obtain a transparent precursor solution 1; keep stirring and mixing, cool the precursor solution 1 to room temperature and then drop TEMED into it to obtain a precursor solution 2; keep stirring and mixing, transfer the precursor solution 2 to an ice water bath environment, pour in APS powder to obtain a precursor solution 3; transfer the precursor solution 3 to a silicone mold of a human heart, and let it stand in a constant temperature box at room temperature; then place the mold containing the precursor solution 3 in a refrigerator to freeze, and then keep it in a constant temperature box at room temperature to thaw; repeat the above freeze-thaw cycle process multiple times, and finally open the mold to obtain a hydrogel bionic organ.
3. The method for preparing a hydrogel bionic human heart target according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating temperature of the thermostatic water bath was set to 95°C.
4. The method for preparing a hydrogel bionic human heart target according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the ice water bath was set to 0°C to 5°C.
5. The method for preparing a hydrogel bionic human heart target according to claim 2, characterized in that: Freeze for 16 hours, then thaw at room temperature in a constant temperature box for 8 hours, repeat the freeze-thaw cycle three times, and finally open the mold to obtain the hydrogel bionic organ.