Bridge structure and installation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, and discloses a bridge structure and a mounting method thereof. The bridge structure comprises an upper component, a cover beam, a lower foundation, a supporting assembly and a pouring layer, the supporting assembly comprises an elastic support, a first supporting frame, a second supporting frame and a third supporting frame, the elastic support is arranged on the lower foundation, and the elastic support can generate elastic deformation to release bending moment generated by the dead weight of the cover beam to the lower foundation; and the lower foundation is prevented from cracking due to stress concentration. And the pouring layer is arranged on the peripheral side of the elastic support, the capping beam and the lower foundation are tightly connected through the pouring layer, and the connection reliability of the capping beam and the lower foundation is improved. The first supporting frame and the cover beam jointly support the upper component, the second supporting frame, the third supporting frame and the lower foundation jointly support the cover beam, and damage or cracking of the lower foundation is limited. The invention further provides a bridge structure installation method which is used for installing the bridge structure and shortening the construction period required by bridge structure installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, and particularly relates to a bridge structure and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A bridge is a structure built over water or on the ground for passage. In existing municipal prefabricated bridge projects, a bridge usually includes structures such as cross beams, capping beams, and lower bridge piers. Among them, the connection between the capping beam and the lower bridge pier is usually achieved only by pouring concrete, and the connection reliability is poor.

[0003] To enhance the connection strength between the capping beam and the lower bridge pier, a related technology proposes a connection structure between a steel capping beam and concrete. A plurality of chambers are arranged inside the capping beam, and sleeves corresponding to the chambers one by one are arranged at the lower part. A plurality of vertical steel bars are embedded in the lower bridge pier, and the vertical steel bars can penetrate into the sleeves. After penetration, construction workers pour concrete into the chambers from the upper part of the steel capping beam until the sleeves are completely filled with concrete. The connection between the capping beam and the lower bridge pier is achieved through the concrete and the vertical steel bars, and the connection reliability is enhanced.

[0004] However, the above connection method has drawbacks. After pouring the concrete, it is necessary to wait for the concrete inside the chambers and the sleeves to completely solidify before hoisting the cross beam onto the upper part of the capping beam, which consumes a long construction period. After the concrete solidifies, when hoisting the cross beam onto the capping beam, due to the large self-weight of the cross beam, a large bending moment is likely to be generated at the connection node between the capping beam and the pier column, resulting in damage or cracking of the lower bridge pier structure, thereby causing a risk of overturning and collapse of the upper capping beam and cross beam. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bridge structure and an installation method thereof, which can enhance the self-stability and connection reliability of the structure and shorten the construction period required for installing the bridge structure.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a bridge structure, including:

[0008] A lower foundation;

[0009] A capping beam arranged on the lower foundation;

[0010] An upper member arranged on the capping beam;

[0011] A support assembly, the support assembly includes an elastic support, a first support frame, a second support frame, and a third support frame. The elastic support is arranged on the lower foundation; the first support frame and the capping beam jointly support the upper member; the second support frame and the third support frame are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower foundation, and the second support frame, the third support frame, and the lower foundation jointly support the capping beam;

[0012] The casting layer is arranged on the top of the lower foundation and connected to the capping beam, and the casting layer is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the elastic bearing.

[0013] Optionally, the bridge structure further includes a reinforcement assembly, the reinforcement assembly includes rib plates and a plurality of reinforcing ribs, the rib plates are arranged on the capping beam, the plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged in the lower foundation and distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower foundation, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs penetrate into the capping beam and are connected to the rib plates.

[0014] Optionally, the reinforcement assembly further includes a rigid connection sleeve, the rigid connection sleeve is arranged on the lower foundation and connected to the capping beam, the rigid connection sleeve sleeves the reinforcing ribs, the lower part of the rib plate penetrates into the rigid connection sleeve, and the rigid connection sleeve is located on the outer peripheral side of the casting layer.

[0015] Optionally, the bridge structure further includes a first rigid support, a second rigid support, a third rigid support and a fourth rigid support. The first rigid support is arranged on the upper part of the first support frame and connected to the upper member, the second rigid support is arranged on the upper part of the second support frame and connected to the capping beam, the third rigid support is arranged on the upper part of the third support frame and connected to the capping beam, and the fourth rigid support is arranged on the upper part of the capping beam and connected to the upper member.

[0016] Optionally, the upper member is provided with a counterweight block, and the counterweight block and the first support frame are arranged at the same end of the upper member.

[0017] Optionally, bridge bearings are respectively arranged at both ends of the capping beam, and the bridge bearings are connected to the upper member.

[0018] Specifically, the bridge bearing includes a top plate, a first sliding plate, a spherical crown liner plate, a second sliding plate and a bottom plate which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The first sliding plate and the second sliding plate enclose a sliding space, the spherical crown liner plate is slidably arranged in the sliding space, the first sliding plate is arranged on the top plate, the second sliding plate is arranged on the bottom plate, the top plate is connected to the upper member, and the bottom plate is connected to the capping beam.

[0019] Optionally, the capping beam includes a first precast unit, a second precast unit and a third precast unit which are connected to each other. The first precast unit is arranged on the second support frame, the second precast unit is arranged on the lower foundation, and the third precast unit is arranged on the third support frame.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a bridge structure installation method for installing the above bridge structure, including the following steps:

[0021] S1. Set an elastic bearing on the lower foundation and hoist the capping beam to the elastic bearing;

[0022] S2. After the capping beam is stabilized, install the second support frame and the third support frame on both sides of the lower foundation respectively, so that the elastic bearing, the second support frame and the third support frame jointly support the capping beam;

[0023] S3. Hoist the upper member, place the upper member on the upper part of the capping beam, and install the first support frame under one end of the upper member, so that the first support frame and the capping beam jointly support the upper member;

[0024] S4. Set a pouring layer on the top of the lower foundation, so that the pouring layer is arranged around the outer periphery of the elastic bearing and is connected to the capping beam;

[0025] S5. Remove the first support frame, the second support frame and the third support frame.

[0026] Optionally, step S3 further includes the following steps:

[0027] After the upper member is set on the capping beam, adjust the upper member to keep it balanced.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] The present invention provides a bridge structure, in which the capping beam and the lower foundation are connected by an elastic bearing. The elastic bearing can produce corresponding elastic deformation to release the bending moment generated on the lower foundation due to the self-weight of the capping beam, and avoid the cracking of the lower foundation due to stress concentration. A pouring layer is arranged on the outer periphery of the elastic bearing, and the connection mode between the capping beam and the lower foundation can be switched from movable connection to rigid connection, enhancing the connection strength between the capping beam and the lower foundation. The second support frame and the third support frame are respectively arranged at both ends of the capping beam. The second support frame and the third support frame can jointly share the load borne by the lower foundation, avoid the cracking of the lower foundation due to stress concentration, and limit the capping beam from overturning or collapsing. The first support frame is arranged at the lower part of the upper member. When the upper member is hoisted above the capping beam, the first support frame can share the load borne by the capping beam. The present invention also provides a method for installing a bridge structure for installing the above bridge structure. Only the outer periphery of the elastic bearing needs to be poured in the bridge structure. After the capping beam is placed on the lower foundation and stabilized, the upper member can be placed above the capping beam. After the capping beam and the upper member are both installed, then pour between the capping beam and the lower foundation to realize the rigid connection between the capping beam and the lower foundation. The elastic bearing can release the bending moment generated due to the self-weights of the capping beam and the upper member during the installation process, improve the connection reliability of each part of the bridge structure, and enhance the self-stability of the bridge structure. The method for installing the bridge structure proposed by the present invention does not need to pour the capping beam and wait for it to be formed, and the construction period required for installing the bridge structure is short, and the construction efficiency is high. Description of the Drawings

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the bridge structure provided by the specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the bridge structure with a reinforcement component provided by the specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of part A in

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the bridge structure with a counterweight provided by the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure:

[0036] 1. Upper member; 2. Capping beam; 21. Fourth rigid support; 3. Lower foundation; 4. Support assembly; 41. Elastic bearing; 42. First support frame; 421. First rigid support; 43. Second support frame; 431. Second rigid support; 44. Third support frame; 441. Third rigid support; 5. Casting layer; 6. Reinforcement component; 61. Rib plate; 62. Reinforcing rib; 63. Rigid connection sleeve; 7. Counterweight; 8. Bridge bearing. Specific embodiment

[0037] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the achieved technical effects clearer, the following will further describe in detail the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner" and "outer" etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected" and "joined" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] In municipal bridge engineering, the cap beam and the concrete pier column are usually connected by three connection methods, namely socket connection, anchor bolt connection and sleeve connection. However, under the above connection methods, after the cap beam and the concrete pier column are connected, when the cross beam and the box girder are continuously placed on the upper part of the cap beam, the connection part of the cap beam and the concrete pier column is very easy to become the most unfavorable stress-bearing part due to excessive upper load, and the concrete pier column is easy to be damaged or fractured due to stress concentration, thus affecting the overall structural stability of the bridge.

[0041] To improve the structural stability of the bridge and the connection reliability between various components of the bridge, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a bridge structure, including an upper member 1, a capping beam 2, a lower foundation 3, a support assembly 4 and a casting layer 5. Among them, the capping beam 2 is arranged on the lower foundation 3, and the upper member 1 is arranged on the capping beam 2. The support assembly 4 includes an elastic bearing 41, a first support frame 42, a second support frame 43 and a third support frame 44. The elastic bearing 41 is arranged on the lower foundation 3, the first support frame 42 is arranged below the upper member 1, and the second support frame 43 and the third support frame 44 are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower foundation 3. The casting layer 5 is arranged on the top of the lower foundation 3 and is connected to the capping beam 2, and the casting layer 5 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the elastic bearing 41. An elastic bearing 41 is arranged on the lower foundation 3. When the capping beam 2 is placed on the lower foundation 3, the elastic bearing 41 located between the capping beam 2 and the lower foundation 3 can produce elastic deformation, releasing the bending moment generated on the lower foundation 3 due to the self-weight of the capping beam 2 and avoiding cracking of the lower foundation 3. The elastic bearing 41 can be a plate rubber bearing, providing vertical support for the capping beam 2 and adapting to the horizontal displacement and angular deformation generated by the capping beam 2 under various loads, making the connection between the capping beam 2 and the lower foundation 3 more flexible. The casting layer 5 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the elastic bearing 41, and the casting layer 5 can tightly connect the capping beam 2 and the lower foundation 3, improving the connection reliability between the capping beam 2 and the lower foundation 3.

[0042] The first support frame 42 is arranged below the upper member 1. The first support frame 42 and the capping beam 2 jointly support the upper member 1 and bear the load of the upper member 1. The second support frame 43 and the third support frame 44 are arranged on both sides of the lower foundation 3. The second support frame 43, the third support frame 44 and the lower foundation 3 jointly support the capping beam 2, sharing the load borne by the capping beam 2. The support assembly 4 directly or indirectly disperses the stress borne by the lower foundation 3, limits the damage or cracking of the lower foundation 3, and avoids the overturning or collapse of the capping beam 2. In the field of bridge construction, the upper member 1 can be a cross beam or a box girder, and the lower foundation 3 can be a pier.

[0043] Specifically, the bridge structure further includes a first rigid support 421, a second rigid support 431, a third rigid support 441 and a fourth rigid support 21. The first rigid support 421 is arranged on the upper part of the first support frame 42 and is connected to the upper member 1. The second rigid support 431 is arranged on the upper part of the second support frame 43 and is connected to the capping beam 2. The third rigid support 441 is arranged on the upper part of the third support frame 44 and is connected to the capping beam 2. The fourth rigid support 21 is arranged on the upper part of the capping beam 2 and is connected to the upper member 1. The first rigid support 421, the second rigid support 431, the third rigid support 441 and the fourth rigid support 21 can all be steel pipes, and can play a supporting role for the structure connected above them after being arranged at the corresponding positions.

[0044] When carrying out bridge construction operations on a large scale, in order to reduce construction costs, after the upper component 1 and the capping beam 2 are stabilized and the pouring layer 5 is filled at the connection between the capping beam 2 and the lower foundation 3, cutting tools can be used to cut off the first rigid support member 421, the second rigid support member 431, and the third rigid support member 441, so that the connections between the first support frame 42 and the upper component 1, between the second support frame 43 and the capping beam 2, and between the third support frame 44 and the capping beam 2 are all disconnected. At this time, the first support frame 42, the second support frame 43, and the third support frame 44 can continue to be used for other unconstructed bridge operations, thereby improving the reuse rate of the first support frame 42, the second support frame 43, and the third support frame 44.

[0045] Bridge bearings 8 can be respectively arranged at both ends of the capping beam 2, and the bridge bearings 8 are connected to the upper component 1. Setting the bridge bearings 8 can transfer the load and deformation (such as displacement or rotation angle) borne by the upper component 1 to the lower foundation 3 through the capping beam 2, avoiding damage to some areas due to large loads, and setting the bridge bearings 8 can extend the service life of the bridge structure. The bridge bearings 8 can be spherical steel bearings, including a top plate, a first sliding plate, a spherical crown liner plate, a second sliding plate, and a bottom plate arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The first sliding plate and the second sliding plate enclose a sliding space, and the spherical crown liner plate is slidably arranged in the sliding space. The first sliding plate is arranged on the top plate, the second sliding plate is arranged on the bottom plate, the top plate is connected to the upper component 1, and the bottom plate is connected to the capping beam 2. The spherical steel bearing has a strong load-bearing capacity and can meet the requirements of large rotational deformation of the upper component 1.

[0046] The capping beam 2 can include a first precast unit, a second precast unit, and a third precast unit that are connected to each other. The first precast unit is arranged on the second support frame 43, the second precast unit is arranged on the lower foundation 3, and the third precast unit is arranged on the third support frame 44. The capping beam 2 can be a steel capping beam. Compared with the cast-in-place concrete capping beam, the first precast unit, the second precast unit, and the third precast unit have been prefabricated in the factory before construction. During installation, only the first precast unit, the second precast unit, and the third precast unit need to be placed in the corresponding positions and then connected, without pouring the capping beam 2 and waiting for the capping beam 2 to take shape before installing other bridge structures, effectively shortening the construction period and improving the construction efficiency.

[0047] Such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the bridge structure may further include a reinforcement assembly 6. The reinforcement assembly 6 includes a rib plate 61 and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 62. The rib plate 61 is arranged on the capping beam 2. The plurality of reinforcing ribs 62 are arranged in the lower foundation 3 and are distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower foundation 3. The plurality of reinforcing ribs 62 penetrate into the capping beam 2 and are connected to the rib plate 61. The reinforcing ribs 62 and the rib plate 61 can be connected by welding. The arrangement of the reinforcing ribs 62 and the rib plate 61 can enhance the connection strength between the lower foundation 3 and the capping beam 2, and can also disperse the stress received at the connection between the lower foundation 3 and the capping beam 2. To save construction time, the reinforcing ribs 62 can be embedded in the lower foundation 3 before construction.

[0048] Specifically, the reinforcement assembly 6 further includes a rigid connection sleeve 63. The rigid connection sleeve 63 is arranged on the lower foundation 3 and is connected to the capping beam 2. The rigid connection sleeve 63 is sleeved on the reinforcing rib 62. The lower part of the rib plate 61 penetrates into the rigid connection sleeve 63. The rigid connection sleeve 63 is located on the outer peripheral side of the pouring layer 5. While the rigid connection sleeve 63 plays a supporting role for the capping beam 2, it can also play a formwork role, that is, the rigid connection sleeve 63, the capping beam 2, the lower foundation 3 and the elastic support 41 can jointly enclose a pouring space, so that after the pouring material is injected into the pouring space, it can completely wrap the outer peripheral side of the elastic support 41, and then the pouring material solidifies in the pouring space to form the pouring layer 5. The arrangement of the rigid connection sleeve 63 can realize the complete filling of the pouring layer 5 in the pouring space, and can also avoid material waste caused by factors such as the fluidity of the pouring material during pouring.

[0049] Due to the influence of obstacles such as underground pipelines, there will be cantilever-supported bridges during the bridge construction process. For a cantilever bridge, both ends of the upper member 1 are in a suspended state, and large vertical deformations are likely to occur at the suspended positions, and the upper member 1 may overturn after being installed on the capping beam 2. To limit the overturning of the upper member 1, as Figure 4 shown, the upper member 1 can be provided with a counterweight 7. The counterweight 7 and the first support frame 42 are arranged at the same end of the upper member 1. The first support frame 42 and the capping beam 2 jointly bear the load of the upper member 1. The counterweight 7 exerts a force on one end of the upper member 1 by virtue of its own gravity, so as to maintain the balance of both ends of the upper member 1, and the overall stability of the bridge structure is improved.

[0050] The present invention also provides a bridge structure installation method for installing the above bridge structure, including the following steps:

[0051] S1. Set the elastic support 41 on the lower foundation 3 and hoist the capping beam 2 onto the elastic support 41;

[0052] S2. After the capping beam 2 is stabilized, install the second support frame 43 and the third support frame 44 on both sides of the lower foundation 3 respectively, so that the elastic support 41, the second support frame 43 and the third support frame 44 jointly support the capping beam 2;

[0053] S3. Hoist the upper member 1 and place the upper member 1 on the upper part of the capping beam 2. Install the first support frame 42 under one end of the upper member 1 so that the first support frame 42 and the capping beam 2 jointly support the upper member 1.

[0054] S4. Set a pouring layer 5 on the top of the lower foundation 3 so that the pouring layer 5 is arranged around the outer peripheral side of the elastic bearing 41 and is connected to the capping beam 2.

[0055] S5. Remove the first support frame 42, the second support frame 43 and the third support frame 44.

[0056] After the capping beam 2 and the upper member 1 are both placed in place in the bridge structure installation method proposed by the present invention, a pouring layer 5 is set on the outer peripheral side of the elastic bearing 41. The elastic bearing 41 can eliminate the bending moment applied to the lower foundation 3 due to the weights of the capping beam 2 and the upper member 1, and avoid damage or fracture of the lower foundation 3 due to stress concentration. The pouring layer 5 can realize the fixed connection between the capping beam 2 and the lower foundation 3 and enhance the connection reliability between the capping beam 2 and the lower foundation 3. In the bridge structure installation method proposed by the present invention, first, by virtue of the elastic deformation of the elastic bearing 41, the situation of stress concentration in the lower foundation 3 caused by the excessive self-weights of the capping beam 2 and the upper member 1 is improved. Then, a pouring layer 5 is set on the outer peripheral side of the elastic bearing 41, and the connection between the capping beam 2 and the lower foundation 3 is switched from a movable connection to a rigid connection, enhancing the connection strength between the capping beam 2 and the lower foundation 3 and improving the stability of the bridge structure.

[0057] Specifically, step S3 further includes the following steps: After the upper member 1 is set on the capping beam 2, adjust the upper member 1 to keep it balanced. Avoid the upper member 1 from tipping over after the hoisting device is disengaged, and improve the construction safety. More specifically, a counterweight 7 can be set on the upper member 1, and the balance on both sides of the upper member 1 can be achieved by adjusting the counterweight 7.

[0058] Specifically, to enhance the connection strength between the capping beam 2 and the lower foundation 3, before step S1, a plurality of reinforcing bars 62 can be pre-embedded in the lower foundation 3, and a rigid connection sleeve 63 is sleeved outside the reinforcing bars 62. A plurality of rib plates 61 are provided at the lower part of the capping beam 2. After the setup is completed, the capping beam 2 with the rib plates 61 is hoisted until the capping beam 2 is connected to the lower foundation 3 through the elastic support 41. At this time, the rib plates 61 penetrate into the rigid connection sleeve 63, and the rigid connection sleeve 63, the rib plates 61, the reinforcing bars 62 and the support assembly 4 jointly bear the loads brought by the upper member 1 and the capping beam 2. More specifically, before step S4, the reinforcing bars 62 and the rib plates 61 can be welded first, and then step S4 is carried out after the welding is completed. At this time, the pouring layer 5 can completely fill the pouring space surrounded by the elastic support 41, the capping beam 2, the lower foundation 3 and a plurality of rigid connection sleeves 63. Then, the rigid connection sleeve 63 and the capping beam 2 are welded and concrete materials are poured into the rigid connection sleeve 63 to enhance the connection reliability of each part of the bridge structure.

[0059] Note that the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the applied technical principle. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments here, and various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments only. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, more other equivalent embodiments can be included, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bridge structure, characterized in that include: Lower foundation (3); A cap beam (2) is arranged on the lower foundation (3); An upper member (1) is arranged on the cap beam (2); A support assembly (4), the support assembly (4) comprising an elastic support (41), a first support frame (42), a second support frame (43) and a third support frame (44), the elastic support (41) being arranged on the lower foundation (3); the first support frame (42) and the cap beam (2) jointly support the upper component (1); the second support frame (43) and the third support frame (44) are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower foundation (3), the second support frame (43), the third support frame (44) and the lower foundation (3) jointly support the cap beam (2); A casting layer (5), wherein the casting layer (5) is arranged on the top of the lower foundation (3) and connected to the cap beam (2), and the casting layer (5) is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the elastic support (41).

2. The bridge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge structure also includes a reinforcement component (6), the reinforcement component (6) includes a rib plate (61) and a plurality of reinforcing ribs (62), the rib plate (61) is arranged on the cap beam (2), the plurality of reinforcing ribs (62) are arranged in the lower foundation (3) and distributed along the circumference of the lower foundation (3), and the plurality of reinforcing ribs (62) penetrate into the cap beam (2) and are connected to the rib plate (61).

3. The bridge structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reinforcement assembly (6) also includes a rigid connection sleeve (63), which is arranged on the lower foundation (3) and connected to the cap beam (2), and the rigid connection sleeve (63) is sleeved on the reinforcing rib (62), and the lower part of the rib plate (61) is inserted into the rigid connection sleeve (63), and the rigid connection sleeve (63) is located on the outer peripheral side of the casting layer (5).

4. The bridge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge structure also includes a first rigid support member (421), a second rigid support member (431), a third rigid support member (441) and a fourth rigid support member (21), wherein the first rigid support member (421) is arranged on the upper part of the first support frame (42) and is connected to the upper component (1), the second rigid support member (431) is arranged on the upper part of the second support frame (43) and is connected to the cap beam (2), the third rigid support member (441) is arranged on the upper part of the third support frame (44) and is connected to the cap beam (2), and the fourth rigid support member (21) is arranged on the upper part of the cap beam (2) and is connected to the upper component (1).

5. The bridge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper component (1) is provided with a counterweight block (7), and the counterweight block (7) and the first support frame (42) are arranged at the same end of the upper component (1).

6. The bridge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bridge supports (8) are respectively provided at both ends of the cap beam (2), and the bridge supports (8) are connected to the upper component (1).

7. The bridge structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bridge bearing (8) includes a top plate, a first slide plate, a spherical crown lining plate, a second slide plate and a bottom plate which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The first slide plate and the second slide plate are arranged to form a sliding space. The spherical crown lining plate is slidably arranged in the sliding space. The first slide plate is arranged on the top plate, and the second slide plate is arranged on the bottom plate. The top plate is connected to the upper component (1), and the bottom plate is connected to the cap beam (2).

8. The bridge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cap beam (2) comprises a first prefabricated unit, a second prefabricated unit and a third prefabricated unit which are connected to each other, the first prefabricated unit being arranged on the second support frame (43), the second prefabricated unit being arranged on the lower foundation (3), and the third prefabricated unit being arranged on the third support frame (44).

9. A method for installing a bridge structure, characterized in that: The method for installing the bridge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1. Arrange an elastic support (41) on the lower foundation (3), and hoist the cap beam (2) onto the elastic support (41); S2. After the cap beam (2) remains stable, a second support frame (43) and a third support frame (44) are respectively installed on both sides of the lower foundation (3), so that the elastic support (41), the second support frame (43) and the third support frame (44) jointly support the cap beam (2); S3, hoisting the upper component (1), placing the upper component (1) on the upper part of the cap beam (2), and installing a first support frame (42) below one end of the upper component (1), so that the first support frame (42) and the cap beam (2) jointly support the upper component (1); S4, arranging a casting layer (5) on the top of the lower foundation (3), so that the casting layer (5) is arranged around the outer peripheral side of the elastic support (41) and connected to the cap beam (2); S5, dismantling the first support frame (42), the second support frame (43) and the third support frame (44).

10. The bridge structure installation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step S3 also includes the following steps: After the upper member (1) is placed on the cap beam (2), the upper member (1) is adjusted to maintain balance.

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