Forest soil hydrology monitoring device and method based on sensor technology

Abstract

The invention relates to a forest soil hydrology monitoring device and method based on a sensor technology, and relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, the forest soil hydrology monitoring device comprises a plurality of fixed point data acquisition modules buried at each monitoring point, and further comprises an activity data acquisition module used for collecting storage data of the fixed point data acquisition modules of each monitoring point; the fixed-point data acquisition module comprises a cylinder, a sensor module is arranged in the cylinder, a cylinder cover is hinged to one side of the top of the cylinder, a torsional spring is arranged at the hinged position, and a clamping piece used for clamping the cylinder cover is further arranged at the top of the cylinder. According to the monitoring device, by arranging the fixed-point data acquisition module, the cover opening assembly and the cover closing assembly, automatic operation of the forest soil hydrological monitoring device based on the sensor technology at all monitoring points can be achieved, the monitoring efficiency is improved, manual intervention is reduced, and a more convenient, efficient and accurate technical means is provided for forest soil hydrological monitoring work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and particularly relates to a forest soil hydrological monitoring device and method based on sensor technology. Background Art

[0002] Accurately monitoring the hydrological parameters of forest soil, such as soil moisture, soil temperature, soil pore water pressure, and surface runoff, helps to deeply understand the water cycle law of the forest ecosystem and provides key data support for forest resource management, soil and water conservation, climate change research, etc. The forest soil hydrological monitoring device based on sensor technology can realize continuous and high-precision monitoring of these parameters, overcome the limitations of traditional monitoring methods, and has important application value.

[0003] Existing sensors for monitoring the hydrological parameters of forest soil are generally buried in the soil. When collecting data at each monitoring point regularly, it is often necessary to manually connect the sensor and external equipment. This manual operation method has insufficient automation, low efficiency, and in some inaccessible locations, such as muddy areas, due to mud, slipperiness, and difficulty in walking, it increases the difficulty and risk of manual monitoring. And after the data of each monitoring point is collected, it is generally necessary to mark each monitoring point so that the staff can intuitively understand the progress of the monitoring work in the entire forest area. However, the existing devices require manual placement and removal of the marking components, and the marking work is often cumbersome and time-consuming.

[0004] Therefore, we provide a forest soil hydrological monitoring device and method based on sensor technology to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forest soil hydrological monitoring device and method based on sensor technology for the problems in the background art.

[0006] The present invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A forest soil hydrological monitoring device based on sensor technology includes a plurality of fixed-point data acquisition modules buried at each monitoring point, and further includes a mobile data acquisition module for collecting the stored data of the fixed-point data acquisition modules at each monitoring point.

[0008] The fixed-point data acquisition module includes a cylinder body, a sensor module is arranged inside the cylinder body, one side of the top of the cylinder body is hinged with a cylinder cover, and a torsion spring is arranged at the hinge, and a clamping member for clamping the cylinder cover is further arranged at the top of the cylinder body.

[0009] The activity data acquisition module includes a mobile vehicle body and a top seat located above the mobile vehicle body. A ball joint for adjusting the orientation of the top seat is provided between the top seat and the mobile vehicle body. An overhanging member penetrates through the top seat, and a moving platform is fixedly provided at the end of the overhanging member. An installation frame is provided on the moving platform; an opening cover assembly for squeezing a clamping member to open the cylinder cover and automatically connecting with the sensor module to establish data transmission and a closing cover assembly for closing the cylinder cover are provided on the installation frame.

[0010] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the sensor module includes a circuit board fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder; a connection socket is provided at the top of the circuit board, and a plurality of mounting rods with a set length are provided at the bottom of the circuit board, and a sensor body is provided at the bottom end of the mounting rod.

[0011] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, supports are integrally formed on both sides of the cylinder body. Mounting holes are provided on the supports. The clamping member is located inside the support and includes a fixed seat and a connecting rod slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the support; a movable rod penetrates through the fixed seat, a pressing plate is fixedly provided at the top end of the movable rod, a second spring is sleeved on the movable rod between the pressing plate and the fixed seat, and a first wedge block is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the movable rod; a second wedge block matched with the first wedge block is fixedly provided at one end of the connecting rod, a third spring is sleeved on the connecting rod between the second wedge block and the inner wall of the support, and a clamping block is fixedly provided at the other end of the connecting rod. A clamping groove matched with the clamping block is provided on the surface of the cylinder cover; a sealing ring is provided at the top of the cylinder body, and a moisture-absorbing and drying ring is provided inside the sealing ring.

[0012] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the ball joint includes a ball head seat fixed on the top of the mobile vehicle body, a ball head body ball-jointed in the ball head seat, and a pedal-type locking member for locking the two; the locking member includes a rack slidably arranged in the ball head seat, a rubber extrusion block for extruding the ball head body is fixedly provided at the end of the rack, a gear meshed with the rack is provided below the rack, the gear is rotatably arranged in the ball head seat, a torsion spring is provided on the rotating shaft, and a pedal extending outside the ball head seat is fixedly provided at the edge of the gear.

[0013] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a solar panel and a push frame are provided on the top of the top seat.

[0014] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the lid opening assembly includes a first electric push rod fixed on the mounting frame; a connection plug cooperating with the connection socket is provided at the push rod end of the first electric push rod, and a mounting plate is fixedly sleeved on the push rod of the first electric push rod. Pressing rods are movably penetrated through both ends of the mounting plate, a fixing block is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the pressing rod, and a first spring is sleeved on the pressing rod between the fixing block and the mounting plate; a plurality of laser positioning lamp beads evenly distributed along the circumference of the pressing rod are provided at the bottom of the mounting plate, and a camera for photographing the irradiation position of the laser positioning lamp beads is provided on the bottom surface of the end of the mounting frame. A display screen for displaying the camera image and monitoring parameters is provided in the push frame.

[0015] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the lid closing assembly includes a second electric push rod; a mounting seat is hingedly provided at the push rod end of the second electric push rod, a first electromagnet for adsorbing the cylinder lid is provided on the mounting seat, the other end of the second electric push rod is hinged to the mounting frame, and an elastic support platform for supporting the second electric push rod is provided on the mounting frame.

[0016] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the fixed-point data acquisition module further includes a marking plate located in the top groove of the cylinder lid for marking the completed monitoring points. One end of the marking plate is hinged to the cylinder lid, and a magnetic strip magnetically attracted to the cylinder lid is provided at the other end; a second electromagnet for adsorbing the marking plate to drive it to stand upright is also provided on the mounting seat; a ratchet and a pawl for locking the marking plate in the standing state are also provided in the top groove of the cylinder lid.

[0017] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a delay release unit for controlling the automatic separation of the pawl and the ratchet to enable the marking plate to return to the flat state under its own gravity is provided on the marking plate; the delay release unit includes a liquid storage cavity for storing viscous liquid inside the marking plate, a piston is provided in the liquid storage cavity, a piston rod is fixedly provided on the piston, the piston rod penetrates to the outside of the marking plate and a third wedge block is fixedly provided at its end, a fourth wedge block cooperating with the third wedge block is provided on the side of the third wedge block, the pawl is rotatably arranged on the fourth wedge block, and a spring post is provided on the side surface of the fourth wedge block.

[0018] The present invention also provides a forest soil hydrological monitoring method based on sensor technology, including the following steps:

[0019] S1. Bury a plurality of fixed-point data acquisition modules in the soil of each monitoring point to ensure that the sensor module is in close contact with the soil;

[0020] S2. Periodically drive the movable data acquisition module to move to each monitoring point in turn for acquisition work;

[0021] After the active data acquisition module reaches the monitoring point, it first adjusts the orientation of the mounting bracket through the ball joint so that it is located above the fixed-point data acquisition module, and then further adjusts the orientation of the mounting bracket through the XY moving platform so that it is directly above the fixed-point data acquisition module; the opening cover assembly presses down on the clamping part to open the cylinder cover and expose the sensor module. At the same time, the opening cover assembly automatically connects to the sensor module, and the sensor module starts to collect data, transmitting soil hydrological data at different depths to the control terminal in the top seat; after the monitoring is completed, the opening cover assembly resets upward, disconnects from the sensor module, and then closes the cylinder cover through the closing cover assembly.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. By setting the opening cover assembly and the closing cover assembly, the present invention can realize the automatic operation of the forest soil hydrological monitoring device based on sensor technology at each monitoring point, improve the monitoring efficiency, reduce manual intervention, and provide a more convenient, efficient and accurate technical means for forest soil hydrological monitoring work.

[0024] 2. By setting the ball joint, the overhanging part and the XY moving platform, the present invention has good adjustability, can adapt to use under different conditions, and is convenient for collecting positions that are inconvenient for humans to reach.

[0025] 3. By setting the marking board, the present invention can mark the monitored points that have been collected, so as to facilitate the staff to intuitively understand the progress of the monitoring work in the entire forest area. And by setting the delay release unit, it can automatically return to the initial flat state after a set time without the control of electronic components, improve the convenience of using the marking board, reduce manual intervention, and improve the convenience and automation degree of the marking operation. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting bracket, the opening cover assembly and the closing cover assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is of the present invention Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking part of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixed-point data acquisition module of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the cylinder structure of the fixed-point data acquisition module of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the clamping member structure of the fixed-point data acquisition module of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the marking plate in the flat state of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the marking plate in the erected state of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at position B in;

[0036] Figure 11 Internal structure sectional view of the marking plate of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure:

[0038] 1. Active data acquisition module; 2. Ball joint; 201. Ball head seat; 202. Ball head body; 203. Locking member; 203a. Rubber extrusion block; 203b. Rack; 203c. Gear; 203d. Foot pedal; 3. Top seat; 301. Solar panel; 302. Pusher frame; 303. Display screen; 4. Overhanging member; 401. Pin hole; 5. XY moving platform; 6. Mounting frame; 601. Camera; 602. Elastic support platform; 7. Open cover assembly; 701. First electric push rod; 702. Connecting plug; 703. Mounting plate; 704. Pressure rod; 705. Fixed block; 706. First spring; 707. Laser positioning lamp bead; 8. Closed cover assembly; 801. Second electric push rod; 802. Mounting seat; 803. First electromagnet; 804. Second electromagnet; 9. Fixed-point data acquisition module; 901. Cylinder; 901a. Support; 901b. Mounting hole; 901c. Sealing ring; 901d. Moisture-absorbing drying ring; 902. Sensor module; 902a. Circuit board; 902b. Connecting socket; 902c. Mounting rod; 902d. Sensor body; 903. Cylinder cover; 903a. Card slot; 904. Clamping member; 904a. Fixed seat; 904b. Moving rod; 904c. Pressure plate; 904d. First wedge block; 904e. Second spring; 904f. Connecting rod; 904g. Second wedge block; 904h. Clamping block; 904i. Third spring; 905. Marking plate; 905a. Magnetic strip; 905b. Liquid storage cavity; 905c. Piston; 905d. Piston rod; 905e. Third wedge block; 905f. Fourth wedge block; 905g. Spring column; 905h. Pawl; 905i. Ratchet wheel. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] To solve the problem that the existing forest soil hydrological monitoring device has a low degree of automation and an unsatisfactory monitoring efficiency, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 A forest soil hydrological monitoring device based on sensor technology provided by the present invention includes a plurality of fixed-point data acquisition modules 9 buried at each monitoring point, and also includes a mobile data acquisition module 1 for collecting the stored data of the fixed-point data acquisition modules 9 at each monitoring point; the fixed-point data acquisition module 9 includes a cylinder body 901, a sensor module 902 is arranged inside the cylinder body 901, a cylinder cover 903 is hinged on one side of the top of the cylinder body 901, and a torsion spring is arranged at the hinge, and a clamping member 904 for clamping the cylinder cover 903 is also arranged at the top of the cylinder body 901; the mobile data acquisition module 1 includes a mobile vehicle (crawler-type walker) and a top seat 3 located above the mobile vehicle, a ball joint 2 for adjusting the orientation of the top seat 3 is arranged between the top seat 3 and the mobile vehicle, a solar panel 301 and a push frame 302 are arranged on the top of the top seat 3, and a power supply method combining the solar panel 301 and a rechargeable battery (such as a lithium-ion battery) can be adopted to supply power to the entire monitoring device. A suspension member 4 penetrates through the top seat 3, an XY moving platform 5 is fixedly arranged at the end of the suspension member 4, and a mounting frame 6 is arranged on the XY moving platform 5; an opening cover assembly 7 for pressing the clamping member 904 to open the cylinder cover 903 and automatically connecting with the sensor module 902 to establish data transmission and a closing cover assembly 8 for closing the cylinder cover 903 are arranged on the mounting frame 6. It can realize the automatic operation of the forest soil hydrological monitoring device based on sensor technology at each monitoring point, improve the monitoring efficiency, reduce manual intervention, and provide a more convenient, efficient and accurate technical means for forest soil hydrological monitoring work.

[0042] Such as Figure 5 - Figure 6As shown in the figure, the sensor module 902 includes a circuit board 902a fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder body 901; a connection socket 902b is provided at the top of the circuit board 902a, and a plurality of mounting rods 902c with a set length are provided at the bottom of the circuit board 902a. A sensor body 902d is provided at the bottom end of the mounting rod 902c. The sensor body 902d can be a soil moisture sensor, a soil temperature sensor, a soil pore water pressure sensor, etc. The connection socket 902b is located in the sealed cavity between the circuit board 902a and the cylinder cover 903, effectively protecting it from the intrusion of rain, debris, etc. To further ensure the normal operation of the connection socket 902b, a sealing ring 901c is provided at the top of the cylinder body 901, and a moisture-absorbing and drying ring 901d is provided inside the sealing ring 901c.

[0043] As Figure 6 - Figure 7 shown, supports 901a are integrally formed on both sides of the cylinder body 901. Mounting holes 901b are provided on the supports 901a. A clamping member 904 is located inside the support 901a, including a fixed seat 904a and a connecting rod 904f slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the support 901a; a movable rod 904b penetrates through the fixed seat 904a. A pressing plate 904c is fixedly provided at the top end of the movable rod 904b. A second spring 904e is sleeved on the movable rod 904b between the pressing plate 904c and the fixed seat 904a. A first wedge block 904d is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the movable rod 904b; a second wedge block 904g that cooperates with the first wedge block 904d is fixedly provided at one end of the connecting rod 904f. A third spring 904i is sleeved on the connecting rod 904f between the second wedge block 904g and the inner wall of the support 901a. A clamping block 904h is fixedly provided at the other end of the connecting rod 904f. A clamping groove 903a that cooperates with the clamping block 904h is provided on the surface of the cylinder cover 903;

[0044] During use, when the pressing plate 904c is squeezed by the opening cover assembly 7, it drives the movable rod 904b and the first wedge block 904d to move downward. At this time, the second spring 904e is compressed, and the first wedge block 904d squeezes the second wedge block 904g to drive it to move horizontally away from the cylinder cover 903. The second wedge block 904g drives the connecting rod 904f and the clamping block 904h to move. At this time, the third spring 904i is stretched, and the clamping block 904h leaves the clamping groove 903a. Under the action of the torsion spring of the rotating shaft of the cylinder cover 903, the cylinder cover 903 is automatically popped up.

[0045] As Figure 1 、 Figure 4As shown in the figure, the ball joint 2 includes a ball socket 201 fixed to the top of the moving vehicle body, a ball body 202 ball-jointed in the ball socket 201, and a foot-operated locking member 203 for locking the two; the locking member 203 includes a rack 203b slidably disposed in the ball socket 201, and a rubber extrusion block 203a for extruding the ball body 202 is fixedly provided at the end of the rack 203b. A gear 203c meshing with the rack 203b is provided below the rack 203b. The gear 203c is rotatably disposed in the ball socket 201, and a torsion spring is provided on the rotating shaft. A foot pedal 203d extending outside the ball socket 201 is fixedly provided at the edge of the gear 203c. When in use, step on the foot pedal 203d downward, the foot pedal 203d drives the gear 203c to rotate. At this time, the torsion spring is twisted. The gear 203c drives the rack 203b to move, and the rack 203b drives the rubber extrusion block 203a to move, so that it is separated from the ball body 202. At this time, the staff can freely adjust the orientation of the ball body 202. After the adjustment is completed, release the foot pedal 203d, and lock the ball body 202 again through the rubber extrusion block 203a.

[0046] The overhanging member 4 can be an ordinary cantilever structure or a robotic arm structure combined with a boom and a telescopic arm, as long as the overhanging function is realized. For portability considerations, the overhanging member 4 in this embodiment is an ordinary cantilever. A plurality of equally spaced pin holes 401 are provided on the cantilever, and the cantilever is fixed to the top seat 3 by pins. The extending length of the cantilever is adjusted based on actual needs. The setting of the cantilever makes the device convenient for collecting positions that are inconvenient for the human body to reach, such as muddy areas.

[0047] As Figure 2 - Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the cover opening assembly 7 includes a first electric push rod 701 fixed to the mounting bracket 6; a connection plug 702 matching with the connection socket 902b is provided at the end of the push rod of the first electric push rod 701. An installation plate 703 is fixedly sleeved on the push rod of the first electric push rod 701. Pressure rods 704 are movably penetrated through both ends of the installation plate 703. A fixed block 705 is fixedly sleeved at the lower end of the pressure rod 704. A first spring 706 is sleeved on the pressure rod 704 between the fixed block 705 and the installation plate 703. A plurality of laser positioning lamp beads 707 evenly distributed along the circumference of the pressure rod 704 are provided at the bottom of the installation plate 703. A camera 601 for photographing the position irradiated by the laser positioning lamp beads 707 is provided on the bottom surface of the end of the mounting bracket 6. A display screen 303 for displaying the image of the camera 601 and monitoring parameters is provided in the push frame 302.

[0048] During use, the pressing rod 704 is positioned by the laser positioning lamp bead 707 until the pressing rod 704 is directly above the pressing plate 904c. Then, the first electric push rod 701 drives the connecting plug 702 and the mounting plate 703 to descend. The mounting plate 703 drives the pressing rod 704 to squeeze the pressing plate 904c, thereby opening the cylinder cover 903. Control the first electric push rod 701 to continue descending until the connecting plug 702 is inserted into the connecting socket 902b.

[0049] The lid closing assembly 8 includes a second electric push rod 801; the push rod end of the second electric push rod 801 is hinged with a mounting seat 802, and a first electromagnet 803 for adsorbing the cylinder cover 903 is provided on the mounting seat 802. The other end of the second electric push rod 801 is hinged with the mounting bracket 6, and an elastic support platform 602 for supporting the second electric push rod 801 is provided on the mounting bracket 6.

[0050] During use, when the data collection at this monitoring point is completed, the cylinder cover 903 is adsorbed by the first electromagnet 803, and then the second electric push rod 801 drives the mounting seat 802 to extend, thereby driving the cylinder cover 903 to rotate and close.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] On the basis of Embodiment 1, in order to enable the staff to intuitively understand the progress of the monitoring work in the entire forest area, as Figure 8 - Figure 11 shown, the fixed-point data collection module 9 further includes a marking plate 905 located in the top groove of the cylinder cover 903 for marking the monitored points that have been completed. One end of the marking plate 905 is hinged to the cylinder cover 903, and the other end is provided with a magnetic strip 905a magnetically attracted to the cylinder cover 903; a second electromagnet 804 for adsorbing the marking plate 905 to drive it to stand upright is also provided on the mounting seat 802; a ratchet 905i and a pawl 905h for locking the marking plate 905 in the upright state are also provided in the top groove of the cylinder cover 903. After the data collection at a certain monitoring point is completed, the marking plate 905 is adsorbed by the second electromagnet 804, and then the second electric push rod 801 is controlled to retract, thereby driving the marking plate 905 to be adjusted from the flat state to the upright state. During the rotation of the marking plate 905, since the pawl 905h rotates on the fourth wedge block 905f, it can displace along the ratchet 905i. When the marking plate 905 stands upright, the pawl 905h snaps into the ratchet 905i to lock the marking plate 905, so as to facilitate the staff to intuitively understand the monitored points of the collected data through the marking plate 905.

[0053] To improve the convenience of use of the marking board 905, a time-delay release unit is provided on the marking board 905 for controlling the automatic separation of the pawl 905h and the ratchet wheel 905i so that the marking board 905 can return to the flat state under its own gravity; the time-delay release unit includes a liquid storage cavity 905b located inside the marking board 905 for storing viscous liquid. A piston 905c is provided in the liquid storage cavity 905b. A piston rod 905d is fixedly provided on the piston 905c. The piston rod 905d penetrates to the outside of the marking board 905 and a third wedge block 905e is fixedly provided at its end. A fourth wedge block 905f is provided on the side of the third wedge block 905e and is matched with it. The pawl 905h is rotatably provided on the fourth wedge block 905f, and a spring post 905g is provided on the side surface of the fourth wedge block 905f. When the marking board 905 is adjusted from the flat state to the upright state, after a set time, such as one hour, the pawl 905h and the ratchet wheel 905i are automatically separated under the action of the time-delay release unit. At this time, the marking board 905 loses the locking mechanism and rotates downward to the flat state under its own gravity, and is magnetically attracted to the cylinder cover 903 through the magnetic strip 905a; among them, the viscous liquid can be selected as high-viscosity silicone oil, and its viscosity range is adjusted according to the required delay time. For example, for a delay of about one hour, silicone oil with a viscosity of 500-1000 centipoise can be selected.

[0054] During specific use, after the marking board 905 is erected and locked, the time-delay release unit starts to work. At this time, the viscous liquid in the liquid storage cavity 905b slowly descends under the action of gravity, slowly pushing the piston 905c to descend. The piston 905c drives the piston rod 905d and the third wedge block 905e to descend. Due to the resistance of the viscous liquid, the descent of the viscous liquid will continue for a certain time, such as one hour. When the piston 905c moves to a certain extent, the extrusion force of the third wedge block 905e on the fourth wedge block 905f is greater than the elastic force of the spring post 905g. At this time, the fourth wedge block 905f is squeezed to the side of the spring post 905g and drives the pawl 905h to disengage from the tooth groove of the ratchet wheel 905i. The marking board 905 loses the locking mechanism and gradually returns to the initial horizontal placement state under its own gravity.

[0055] Embodiment III

[0056] A forest soil hydrological monitoring method based on sensor technology includes the following steps:

[0057] S1. According to the monitoring purpose and the characteristics of the forest topography and landform, select representative monitoring points for the installation of the fixed-point data acquisition module 9. Bury multiple fixed-point data acquisition modules 9 in the soil of each monitoring point to ensure that the sensor module 902 is in close contact with the soil. The cylinder body 901 can extend a certain height above the ground, such as 5 cm, to prevent the soil from covering the fixed-point data acquisition module 9;

[0058] S2. Periodically drive the activity data acquisition module 1 to move to each monitoring point in turn for acquisition work;

[0059] Among them, when the activity data acquisition module 1 reaches the monitoring point, first adjust the orientation of the mounting bracket 6 through the ball joint 2 so that it is located above the fixed-point data acquisition module 9, and then further adjust the orientation of the mounting bracket 6 through the XY moving platform 5 so that it is directly above the fixed-point data acquisition module 9;

[0060] Press down the clamping part 904 through the cover opening component 7 to open the cylinder cover 903 to expose the sensor module 902. At the same time, the cover opening component 7 automatically connects to the sensor module 902, and the sensor module 902 starts data acquisition work, and transmits the soil hydrological data at different depths to the control end in the top seat 3;

[0061] After the monitoring is completed, the cover opening component 7 resets upward, disconnects from the sensor module 902, and then closes the cylinder cover 903 through the cover closing component 8;

[0062] Finally, adjust the marker plate 905 in the flat state to the upright state through the cover closing component 8 to mark the monitored points that have been collected.

[0063] The above embodiments only represent one implementation mode of the present invention, and its description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as a limitation to the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forest soil hydrological monitoring device based on sensor technology, comprising a plurality of fixed-point data acquisition modules (9) buried at each monitoring point, characterized in that: It also includes an activity data collection module (1) for collecting stored data of the fixed-point data collection module (9) at each monitoring point; The fixed-point data acquisition module (9) comprises a cylinder (901), a sensor module (902) is arranged inside the cylinder (901), a cylinder cover (903) is hingedly arranged on one side of the top of the cylinder (901), and a torsion spring is arranged at the hinge, and a clamping piece (904) for clamping the cylinder cover (903) is also arranged on the top of the cylinder (901); The activity data acquisition module (1) comprises a mobile body and a top seat (3) located above the mobile body, a ball joint (2) for adjusting the position of the top seat (3) is provided between the top seat (3) and the mobile body, a suspension member (4) is provided through the top seat (3), an XY mobile platform (5) is fixedly provided at the end of the suspension member (4), and a mounting frame (6) is provided on the XY mobile platform (5); The mounting frame (6) is provided with a cover opening component (7) for pressing the clamping member (904) to open the cylinder cover (903) and automatically connect with the sensor module (902) to establish data transmission, and a cover closing component (8) for closing the cylinder cover (903).

2. The forest soil hydrology monitoring device based on sensor technology according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sensor module (902) comprises a circuit board (902a) fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder (901); The top of the circuit board (902a) is provided with a connection socket (902b), the bottom of the circuit board (902a) is provided with a plurality of mounting rods (902c) with set lengths, and the bottom ends of the mounting rods (902c) are provided with a sensor body (902d).

3. The forest soil hydrology monitoring device based on sensor technology according to claim 1 is characterized by: Supports (901a) are integrally formed on both sides of the cylinder (901), and mounting holes (901b) are provided on the support (901a). The clamping member (904) is located in the support (901a), and comprises a fixed seat (904a) and a connecting rod (904f) slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the support (901a); A movable rod (904b) is provided through the fixed seat (904a), a pressure plate (904c) is fixedly provided on the top of the movable rod (904b), a second spring (904e) is sleeved on the movable rod (904b) between the pressure plate (904c) and the fixed seat (904a), and a first wedge block (904d) is fixedly provided on the bottom end of the movable rod (904b); A second wedge block (904g) matched with the first wedge block (904d) is fixedly provided at one end of the connecting rod (904f); a third spring (904i) is sleeved on the connecting rod (904f) between the second wedge block (904g) and the inner wall of the support (901a); a clamping block (904h) is fixedly provided at the other end of the connecting rod (904f); and a clamping groove (903a) matched with the clamping block (904h) is provided on the surface of the cylinder cover (903); A sealing ring (901c) is provided on the top of the cylinder (901), and a moisture absorption and drying ring (901d) is provided on the inner side of the sealing ring (901c).

4. The forest soil hydrology monitoring device based on sensor technology according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ball joint (2) comprises a ball head seat (201) fixed on the top of the mobile vehicle body, a ball head body (202) connected to the ball head seat (201), and a pedal-type locking member (203) for locking the two. The locking member (203) comprises a rack (203b) slidably arranged in the ball head seat (201); a rubber extrusion block (203a) for extruding the ball head body (202) is fixedly arranged at the end of the rack (203b); a gear (203c) meshing with the rack (203b) is arranged below the rack (203b); the gear (203c) is rotatably arranged in the ball head seat (201), and a torsion spring is arranged on the rotating shaft; a foot pedal (203d) extending to the outside of the ball head seat (201) is fixedly arranged at the edge of the gear (203c).

5. The forest soil hydrology monitoring device based on sensor technology according to claim 2 is characterized by: A solar panel (301) and a push frame (302) are provided on the top of the top seat (3).

6. The forest soil hydrology monitoring device based on sensor technology according to claim 5 is characterized by: The cover opening assembly (7) comprises a first electric push rod (701) fixed on the mounting frame (6); The push rod end of the first electric push rod (701) is provided with a connection plug (702) matched with the connection socket (902b); a mounting plate (703) is fixedly sleeved on the push rod of the first electric push rod (701); both ends of the mounting plate (703) are movably penetrated with a pressure rod (704); a fixing block (705) is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the pressure rod (704); and a first spring (706) is sleeved on the pressure rod (704) between the fixing block (705) and the mounting plate (703); The bottom of the mounting plate (703) is provided with a plurality of laser positioning lamp beads (707) evenly distributed along the circumference of the pressure rod (704), the bottom surface of the end of the mounting frame (6) is provided with a camera (601) for photographing the irradiation position of the laser positioning lamp beads (707), and the push frame (302) is provided with a display screen (303) for displaying the camera (601) image and monitoring parameters.

7. The forest soil hydrology monitoring device based on sensor technology according to claim 1 is characterized by: The cover closing assembly (8) comprises a second electric push rod (801); A mounting seat (802) is hingedly provided at the push rod end of the second electric push rod (801), and a first electromagnet (803) for adsorbing the cylinder cover (903) is provided on the mounting seat (802). The other end of the second electric push rod (801) is hingedly connected to a mounting frame (6), and an elastic support platform (602) for supporting the second electric push rod (801) is provided on the mounting frame (6).

8. The forest soil hydrology monitoring device based on sensor technology according to claim 1 is characterized by: The fixed-point data acquisition module (9) further comprises a marking plate (905) located in a groove at the top of the cylinder cover (903) for marking completed monitoring points, one end of the marking plate (905) being hinged to the cylinder cover (903), and the other end being provided with a magnetic attraction strip (905a) that is magnetically attracted to the cylinder cover (903); The mounting seat (802) is also provided with a second electromagnet (804) for adsorbing the marking plate (905) to drive it to stand upright; A ratchet (905i) and a ratchet pawl (905h) for locking the marking plate (905) in an upright state are also provided in the top groove of the cylinder cover (903).

9. The forest soil hydrology monitoring device based on sensor technology according to claim 8 is characterized by: The marking plate (905) is provided with a delayed release unit for controlling the automatic separation of the ratchet pawl (905h) and the ratchet wheel (905i) so that the marking plate (905) can be restored to a flat state under its own gravity; The delayed release unit includes a liquid storage chamber (905b) for storing viscous liquid located inside the marking plate (905), a piston (905c) is provided in the liquid storage chamber (905b), a piston rod (905d) is fixedly provided on the piston (905c), the piston rod (905d) passes through the outside of the marking plate (905) and a third wedge block (905e) is fixedly provided at the end thereof, a fourth wedge block (905f) matching with the third wedge block (905e) is provided on the side of the third wedge block (905e), the pawl (905h) is rotatably provided on the fourth wedge block (905f), and a spring column (905g) is provided on the side of the fourth wedge block (905f).

10. A forest soil hydrology monitoring method based on sensor technology, using a forest soil hydrology monitoring device based on sensor technology as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. burying a plurality of fixed-point data acquisition modules (9) in the soil at each monitoring point, ensuring that the sensor module (902) is in close contact with the soil; S2, regularly driving the activity data collection module (1) to move to each monitoring point in turn to perform collection work; When the active data acquisition module (1) reaches the monitoring point, the orientation of the mounting frame (6) is first adjusted through the ball joint (2) so that it is located above the fixed-point data acquisition module (9), and then the orientation of the mounting frame (6) is further adjusted through the XY moving platform (5) so that it is located directly above the fixed-point data acquisition module (9); The cover opening component (7) is used to press the clamping member (904) downward to open the cylinder cover (903) to expose the sensor module (902). At the same time, the cover opening component (7) automatically connects to the sensor module (902). The sensor module (902) starts to collect data and transmits soil hydrological data at different depths to the control terminal in the top seat (3). After the monitoring is completed, the cover opening assembly (7) is reset upwards and disconnected from the sensor module (902), and then the cylinder cover (903) is closed by the cover closing assembly (8).

Images