Optical steering element, camera module and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical steering element, a camera module and electronic equipment, the optical steering element comprises an incident area, an emergent area, a first surface and a plurality of hole structures, the first surface is arranged in different planes with the surfaces where the incident area and the emergent area are located, and hole openings of the plurality of hole structures are formed in the first surface. The plurality of hole structures are arranged along a first preset direction and a second preset direction, and any two adjacent hole structures are arranged at intervals, so that the first surface is provided with a plurality of sub-regions; wherein the first preset direction and the second preset direction are arranged at an angle, the first light enters the optical steering element from the incident area, is reflected for multiple times in the optical steering element and then is emitted from the emergent area, and the second light enters the optical steering element from the incident area and is emitted from the emergent area under the action of the hole wall surface and the sub-area of the hole structure. And reflecting along a direction towards the incident area. By adopting the scheme, the influence of stray light on the imaging quality can be effectively reduced, so that the imaging quality of shooting is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of camera devices, and in particular to an optical steering element, a camera module and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] In order to make the telephoto design of the camera module adapt to the structural layout of the electronic device and compress the thickness of the electronic device, a periscope camera module has emerged. The periscope camera module is provided with optical steering elements such as prisms to deflect the light path, that is, the propagation direction of the light is changed by optical steering elements such as prisms, so that components such as lenses and photosensitive chips can be arranged horizontally inside the device housing, thereby compressing the size of the camera module in the thickness direction of the electronic device. However, due to the presence of optical steering elements such as prisms, the interference of stray light is very obvious in the periscope camera module, which greatly affects the image quality of the shot. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application disclose an optical steering element, a camera module and an electronic device, which can effectively reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging quality, so as to improve the imaging quality of the shooting.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present application discloses an optical deflection element, the optical deflection element comprising:

[0005] Incident area;

[0006] Exit area;

[0007] A first surface, wherein the first surface is arranged on a different plane from the surface where the incident area and the exit area are located; and

[0008] A plurality of hole structures, the openings of the plurality of hole structures are all formed on the first surface, the plurality of hole structures are arranged at intervals along a first preset direction and a second preset direction, and any two adjacent hole structures are arranged at intervals, so that the first surface has a plurality of connected sub-areas;

[0009] Among them, the first preset direction and the second preset direction are set at an angle, the first light enters the optical deflection element from the incident area, and after multiple reflections occur inside the optical deflection element, it is emitted from the exit area, and the second light enters the optical deflection element from the incident area, and is reflected in the direction toward the incident area under the action of the hole wall surface of the hole structure and the sub-area.

[0010] In the optical steering element provided by the present application, by providing a plurality of hole structures on the first surface of the optical steering element, and arranging the plurality of hole structures along a first preset direction and a second preset direction, and setting any two adjacent hole structures at intervals, so as to divide the first surface of the optical steering element into a plurality of connected sub-regions. In this way, not only can the light be reflected by the hole walls of the hole structures, but also the light can be reflected by the sub-regions located between two adjacent hole structures. On the one hand, when stray light enters the interior of the optical steering element, the stray light can be reflected by the hole walls of the hole structures and the sub-regions of the first surface, and transmitted in the direction towards the incident region. That is to say, the stray light reflected by the hole walls of the hole structures and the sub-regions of the first surface will not finally be emitted from the exit region and form an image on the photosensitive chip, thereby effectively reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality and being beneficial to improving the imaging quality of shooting. On the other hand, since there is a sub-region connected between the hole walls of two adjacent hole structures, and the sub-region is a plane, it avoids the situation that a sharp contact angle is formed at the connection between the hole walls of two hole structures and it is easy to break during the processing and preparation process, reducing the risk of the optical steering element chipping and shedding glass slag.

[0011] As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the plurality of hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction; and / or,

[0012] The plurality of hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction, and the hole structures in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures in the odd rows.

[0013] With such an arrangement, it can be ensured that the plurality of hole structures are arranged more regularly, so that the reflection of the plurality of hole structures and the plurality of sub-regions on the stray light is more directional, so that the stray light at each angle can be reflected by the hole walls of the hole structures and the sub-regions, thereby greatly reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality and improving the user's shooting experience.

[0014] As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the maximum aperture of the hole structure is configured as D, the hole depth of the hole structure is configured as H, and the distance between two adjacent hole structures is configured as P; wherein, 1.50 ≤ H / D ≤ 4.50, and / or, 1.25 ≤ P / D ≤ 4.00.

[0015] When the relational expressions: 1.50 ≤ H / D ≤ 4.50 and 1.25 ≤ P / D ≤ 4.00 are satisfied simultaneously, it can not only ensure that the pore wall surface of the pore structure can reflect stray light so that the stray light is reflected in the direction towards the incident area, avoiding the stray light from being imaged on the photosensitive chip through the exit area, thereby reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality; but also enable the stray light to be reflected at least twice between the pore wall surfaces of two adjacent pore structures, then reflected to the sub-region located between the two adjacent pore structures, and finally reflected by the sub-region and reflected in the direction towards the incident area, so that the stray light undergoes three reflections, thus greatly and effectively reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality.

[0016] As an alternative implementation manner, in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the maximum aperture of the pore structure is configured as D, the pore depth of the pore structure is configured as H, and the distance between two adjacent pore structures is configured as P; wherein, 20 μm ≤ D ≤ 200 μm, and / or, 30 μm ≤ H ≤ 900 μm, and / or, 50 μm ≤ P ≤ 800 μm.

[0017] When the relational expressions: 20 μm ≤ D ≤ 200 μm, 30 μm ≤ H ≤ 900 μm and 50 μm ≤ P ≤ 800 μm are satisfied simultaneously, it can not only ensure that the pore wall surface of the pore structure can reflect stray light so that the stray light is reflected in the direction towards the incident area, avoiding the stray light from being imaged on the photosensitive chip through the exit area, thereby reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality; but also enable the stray light to be reflected at least twice between the pore wall surfaces of two adjacent pore structures, then reflected to the sub-region located between the two adjacent pore structures, and finally reflected by the sub-region and reflected in the direction towards the incident area, so that the stray light undergoes three reflections, thus greatly and effectively reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality.

[0018] As an alternative implementation manner, in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the aperture of the pore structure decreases along the direction away from the first surface. This can make the pore structure have no bottom surface, or make the bottom surface of the pore structure relatively small, which can reduce the probability of stray light being reflected by the bottom surface of the pore structure and being imaged on the photosensitive chip through the exit area, so as to reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging quality.

[0019] As an alternative implementation manner, in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the axis of the pore structure extends along a direction perpendicular to the first surface, the axis of the pore structure extends along a direction perpendicular to the first surface, and the cross-section of the pore structure intercepted by the first plane includes a first contour line and a second contour line. One end of the first contour line and the second contour line are respectively connected to the sub-region, the other ends of the first contour line and the second contour line are connected, and the first contour line and the second contour line are curves and are smoothly transitioned;

[0020] Wherein, the first plane is configured to be a plane perpendicular to the first surface and passing through the axis of the hole structure.

[0021] In this way, while reducing the processing difficulty of the hole structure, it is possible to avoid forming a plane parallel to the first surface on the bottom surface of the hole structure, thereby reducing the probability that stray light is reflected by the bottom surface of the hole structure, exits from the exit region, and forms an image on the photosensitive chip. Furthermore, it is possible to more effectively reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging quality and improve the imaging quality of shooting.

[0022] As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the axis of the hole structure extends in a direction perpendicular to the first surface. In this way, it is easy to process and form the hole structure, and laser processing can be used to form the hole structure, which is beneficial to reducing the processing cost of the hole structure.

[0023] As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the optical steering element further includes a second surface, and the second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface in a third preset direction;

[0024] Wherein, the third preset direction is configured to be a direction perpendicular to the first preset direction and the second preset direction, and both the incident region and the exit region are formed on the second surface.

[0025] In this way, the plane where the incident region and the exit region are located and the plane where the hole structure is located are not the same plane, thereby reducing or avoiding the reflection of the effective light (i.e., the first light ray) by the hole structure, ensuring that the effective light can reach and form an image on the photosensitive chip smoothly, and further ensuring the imaging quality of shooting.

[0026] As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the optical steering element further includes a first light-absorbing layer, the first light-absorbing layer is disposed in the hole structure, and the first light-absorbing layer covers at least part of the hole wall surface of the hole structure; in this way, when the second light ray (i.e., stray light) is transmitted to the hole wall surface of the hole structure, at least part of the energy of the second light ray can be absorbed by the first light-absorbing layer, thereby weakening the intensity and energy of the second light ray, further reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality, and greatly improving the imaging quality.

[0027] And / or, the optical steering element further includes a second light-absorbing layer, the second light-absorbing layer is disposed on the first surface, and the second light-absorbing layer covers at least part of the sub-region. In this way, when the second light ray (i.e., stray light) is transmitted to the sub-region, at least part of the energy of the second light ray can be absorbed by the second light-absorbing layer, thereby weakening the intensity and energy of the second light ray, further reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality, and greatly improving the imaging quality.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application discloses an imaging module, which has the optical steering element as described in the first aspect above. The imaging module with the optical steering element as described in the first aspect above can also effectively reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging quality, so as to improve the imaging quality of shooting.

[0029] In a third aspect, the present application discloses an electronic device, which has the imaging module as described in the second aspect above. Since the imaging module as described in the second aspect above has the technical effect of the optical steering element as described in the first aspect above, the electronic device with the imaging module as described in the second aspect above can also effectively reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging quality, so as to improve the imaging quality of shooting.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0031] The optical steering element, imaging module and electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application are provided with a plurality of hole structures on the first surface of the optical steering element, and the plurality of hole structures are arranged along a first preset direction and a second preset direction, and any two adjacent hole structures are spaced apart, so as to divide the first surface of the optical steering element into a plurality of connected sub-regions. In this way, not only can the light be reflected by the hole wall surfaces of the hole structures, but also the light can be reflected by the sub-regions located between two adjacent hole structures. On the one hand, when stray light enters the interior of the optical steering element, the stray light can be reflected by the hole wall surfaces of the hole structures and the sub-regions of the first surface, and is transmitted along the direction towards the incident region. That is to say, the stray light reflected by the hole wall surfaces of the hole structures and the sub-regions of the first surface will not finally be emitted from the exit region and form an image on the photosensitive chip, so that the influence of stray light on the imaging quality can be effectively reduced, which is beneficial to improving the imaging quality of shooting. On the other hand, since a sub-region is connected between the hole wall surfaces of two adjacent hole structures and the sub-region is a plane, the situation that a sharp contact angle is formed at the connection between the hole wall surfaces of the two hole structures and it is easy to break during the processing and preparation process is avoided, and the risk of the optical steering element breaking teeth and falling glass slag is reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical steering element in the related art;

[0034] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 is Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the electronic device in [[]] along the A-A direction;

[0036] Figure 4 Is the first schematic diagram of the structure of the camera module disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 Is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the camera module disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 is Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the camera module in [[]] along the B-B direction;

[0039] Figure 7 Is the first schematic diagram of the structure of the optical steering element disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0040] Figure 8 is Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the optical steering element from another perspective in [[]];

[0041] Figure 9 is Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the optical steering element in [[]] along the C-C direction;

[0042] Figure 10 Is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the optical steering element disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0043] Figure 11 is Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the optical steering element in [[]] along the D-D direction;

[0044] Figure 12 Is the optical steering element disclosed in the embodiments of the present application along Figure 10 The first cross-sectional view of the D-D direction in [[]];

[0045] Figure 13 Is the optical steering element disclosed in the embodiments of the present application along Figure 10 The second cross-sectional view of the D-D direction in [[]];

[0046] Figure 14 Is the optical steering element disclosed in the embodiments of the present application along Figure 10 The third cross-sectional view of the D-D direction in [[]];

[0047] Figure 15 Is the first illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0048] Figure 16It is the second illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0049] Figure 17 It is the third illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0050] Figure 18 It is the fourth illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0051] Figure 19 It is the fifth illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0052] Figure 20 It is the sixth illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0053] Figure 21 It is the seventh illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0054] Figure 22 It is the eighth illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0055] Figure 23 It is the ninth illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0056] Figure 24 It is the tenth illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0057] Figure 25 It is the eleventh illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0058] Figure 26 It is the twelfth illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0059] Figure 27 It is the thirteenth illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0060] Figure 28 It is the fourteenth illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0061] Figure 29 It is the fifteenth illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0062] Figure 30 It is the sixteenth illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.

[0063] Description of the main reference numerals

[0064] 1000 - Electronic device;

[0065] 100 - Camera module; 10 - Lens; 20 - Optical steering element; 20' - Serrated structure; 20a - First surface; 20a1 - Sub - region; 20b - Second surface; 20b1 - Incident region; 20b2 - Exit region; 20c - First side; 20d - Second side; 20e - Third side; 20f - Fourth side; 20g - First reflecting surface; 20h - Second reflecting surface; 20i - Third reflecting surface; 21 - Hole structure; 21a - First contour line; 21b - Second contour line; 22 - Light - blocking layer; 23 - Light - blocking groove; 24 - First light - absorbing layer; 25 - Second light - absorbing layer; 30 - Photosensitive chip; 40 - Motor; 50 - Bracket; 60 - Circuit assembly;

[0066] 200 - Device housing; 201 - Frame; 202 - Rear cover; 203 - Translucent hole;

[0067] 300 - Screen. Detailed implementation manners

[0068] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer and more understandable, the following will clearly and completely describe the exemplary embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the exemplary embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described exemplary embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. That is to say, the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0069] It should be noted that the brief description of the terms in the present application is only for facilitating the understanding of the following described embodiments, rather than intending to limit the embodiments of the present application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the description of the present application in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0070] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0071] As used in this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first surface may be referred to as a second surface, and similarly, a second surface may be referred to as a first surface. Both the first surface and the second surface are surfaces, but they are not the same surface.

[0072] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0073] In the description of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0074] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the singular forms of "a", "an" and "the" may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "comprise / include" or "have" etc. specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0075] In addition, the term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the related listed items. For example, A and / or B may represent three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. That is, the term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the related listed items.

[0076] The periscope telephoto camera module has good shooting distance and shooting quality, and is widely installed on various electronic devices. However, for relatively small and thin devices such as smartphones, the installation space for the camera module is small, and it is difficult to install a camera module with a long optical path. Therefore, optical steering elements such as prisms are often set between the lens and the photosensitive chip to deflect the optical path, so that the incident light is reflected multiple times to extend the optical path and achieve a long focal length. At the same time, components such as the lens and the photosensitive chip can be horizontally arranged inside the device housing to compress the size of the camera module in the thickness direction of the electronic device, so that the camera module can adapt to the structural layout of the electronic device.

[0077] However, due to the presence of optical steering elements such as prisms, in the periscope camera module, the interference of stray light is very obvious, which greatly affects the imaging quality of shooting.

[0078] In this regard, the applicant has tried to design the surface of the optical steering element in the thickness direction into a fogged surface, but the effect of suppressing stray light is not ideal. Therefore, the applicant has also tried to form a continuous serrated structure 20' on the surface of the optical steering element in the thickness direction (as Figure 1 shown). Although it can effectively suppress stray light, due to the existence of sharp corners in this serrated structure, it is easy to break during the processing and preparation process, and there is a risk of tooth breakage and glass slag falling, which affects the quality and use of the optical steering element.

[0079] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide an optical steering element that can effectively reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging quality, improve the shooting imaging quality, and at the same time reduce the risk of tooth breakage and glass slag falling of the optical steering element.

[0080] Next, some technical solutions in some embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in some embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 which is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device in one implementation manner of the present application, Figure 2 is Figure 3 a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a certain implementation manner of the electronic device shown in the cross-section along A-A. The embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, and this electronic device 1000 can also be referred to as a mobile device, a terminal device, or a terminal.

[0082] Exemplarily, the electronic device 1000 may include a camera module 100, a device housing 200, a screen 300, and an image processor (not shown in the figure). Among them, the screen 300 is installed on the device housing 200, and the display side of the screen 300 faces away from the device housing 200. The camera module 100 is installed on the device housing 200 and is located inside the electronic device 1000. The camera module 100 may be a rear camera module or a front camera module. The image processor is installed on the device housing 200 and is located inside the electronic device 1000. The image processor is communicatively connected to the camera module 100.

[0083] It should be noted that Figure 1 and the related drawings below only schematically show some components included in the electronic device 1000. The actual shapes, actual sizes, actual positions, and actual structures of these components are not limited by Figure 1 and the respective drawings below. In addition, when the electronic device 1000 is a device in some other forms, the electronic device 1000 may not include the screen 300.

[0084] In addition, it should also be noted that in the implementation manner of this application, only the electronic device 1000 is taken as an example of a smart phone for exemplary introduction, and it is not limited that the electronic device 1000 in this application can only be a smart phone. In other implementation manners of this application, the electronic device 1000 may also be a notebook computer, a tablet personal computer, a laptop computer, a vehicle-mounted computer, a camera, a television, a smart wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart wristband, smart glasses, earphones, etc.), a personal digital assistant (PDA), augmented reality (AR) glasses, an AR helmet, virtual reality (VR) glasses or a VR helmet, an e-book reader, or other electronic products with a camera. This application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0085] Exemplarily, the device housing 200 may include a frame 201 and a rear cover 202. The rear cover 202 is fixed to the frame 201. The rear cover 202 may be fixedly connected to the frame 201 by adhesive, or may be an integrally formed structure with the frame 201, that is, the rear cover 202 and the frame 201 are a whole structure.

[0086] In this application, the screen 300 can be a flat screen or a curved screen, and it is mainly used to implement the screen display function of the electronic device 1000 of this application. The screen 300 is located on the side of the frame 201 away from the rear cover 202. At this time, the screen 300 and the rear cover 202 are respectively located on both sides of the frame 201, and the screen 300, the frame 201, and the rear cover 202 jointly enclose the interior of the electronic device 1000. Among them, the interior of the electronic device 1000 can be used to place various electronic components required by the electronic device 1000, such as a camera module 100, an image processor, a battery, a receiver, or a microphone, etc.

[0087] In this way, the device housing 200 can, under the action of external forces, such as in the cases of dropping, knocking, or bumping, etc., form a fixing and protecting effect on the screen 300, the camera module 100, the image processor, and other various electronic components or structures provided inside the device housing 200. And it can form a sealing effect on the screen 300, the camera module 100, the image processor, and other electronic components or structures provided inside the device housing 200, so as to prevent impurities such as external water vapor and dust from eroding the electronic components or structures provided inside the device housing 200.

[0088] In this application, since the device housing 200 is generally directly exposed to the external environment, the material of the device housing 200 can have certain properties such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and scratch resistance, or a functional material for wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and scratch resistance can be coated on the outer surface of the device housing 200 (that is, the outer surface of the electronic device 1000).

[0089] In this application, the camera module 100 is located inside the electronic device 1000, and the camera module 100 can be fixed to the side of the screen 300 facing the rear cover 202. The rear cover 202 can be provided with a light-transmitting hole 203. Among them, the shape of the light-transmitting hole 203 is not limited to the Figure 1 circular shape shown in the figure. The light-transmitting hole 203 connects the interior of the electronic device 1000 to the outside of the electronic device 1000, so that the light outside the electronic device 1000 can enter the interior of the electronic device 1000 through the light-transmitting hole 203, so that the camera module 100 can collect the ambient light entering the interior of the electronic device 1000.

[0090] In this application, the image processor can be communicatively connected to the camera module 100, so that the image processor can be used to obtain image data from the camera module 100 and process the image data. Among them, the communicative connection between the camera module 100 and the image processor can include data transmission through electrical connection methods such as wiring, or data transmission can be achieved through coupling and other methods. It can be understood that the camera module 100 and the image processor can also be communicatively connected through other ways capable of realizing data transmission.

[0091] Among them, the function of the image processor is to optimize the digital image signal through a series of complex mathematical algorithm operations, and finally transmit the processed signal to the display. The image processor can be an image processing chip or a digital signal processing chip.

[0092] It can be understood that Figure 1 The installation position of the camera module 100 in the electronic device 1000 shown in the embodiment is only illustrative, and the present application does not strictly limit the installation position of the camera module 100. In some embodiments, the camera module 100 can also be installed at other positions of the electronic device 1000. For example, the camera module 100 can also be installed in the upper middle or upper right corner of the back of the electronic device 1000. In other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 can include a device body and an auxiliary component that can rotate, move or be disassembled relative to the device body. At this time, the camera module 100 can also be provided on the auxiliary component so that the camera module can rotate, move or be disassembled relative to the device body.

[0093] Optionally, the camera module 100 can be a periscope camera module, and then the camera module 100 can be used for telephoto shooting.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in some of the embodiments shown. The camera module 100 can include a lens 10, an optical steering element 20, and a photosensitive chip 30. The lens 10, the optical steering element 20, and the photosensitive chip 30 can be arranged in a straight line approximately, and the lens 10 is located between the optical steering element 20 and the photosensitive chip 30. So that elements such as the lens 10 and the photosensitive chip 30 can be arranged horizontally inside the device housing to compress the size of the camera module 100 in the thickness direction of the electronic device, so that the camera module 100 can adapt to the structural layout of the electronic device.

[0095] During shooting, the light can enter the optical steering element 20 before entering the lens 10, and multiple reflections occur inside the optical steering element 20, and then the light exits the optical steering element 20, enters the lens 10, and finally forms an image on the photosensitive chip 30. In this way, before the light forms an image on the photosensitive chip 30, multiple reflections can occur inside the optical steering element 20, so that the optical path can be folded, effectively increasing the focal length of the camera module 100 and the total track length (TTL) of the optical system.

[0096] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 is Figure 1Schematic structural diagram of the camera module 100 in some other embodiments Figure 6 is Figure 5 Partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the camera module 100 shown in a cross-section along B-B in one embodiment

[0097] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the camera module 100 may include a lens 10, an optical steering element 20, and an image sensor 30. The lens 10 and the image sensor 30 may be located on the same side of the optical steering element 20. This allows components such as the lens 10 and the image sensor 30 to be horizontally arranged inside the device housing, so as to compress the size of the camera module 100 in the thickness direction of the electronic device, enabling the camera module 100 to adapt to the structural layout of the electronic device

[0098] During shooting, light can enter the optical steering element 20 through the lens 10, and multiple reflections occur inside the optical steering element 20, and then the light exits the optical steering element 20 and finally forms an image on the image sensor 30. In this way, before the light forms an image on the image sensor 30, multiple reflections can occur inside the optical steering element 20, thereby folding the optical path and effectively increasing the focal length of the camera module 100 and the total track length (TTL) of the optical system

[0099] Among them, the image sensor 30 can also be referred to as an image sensor or a photosensitive element. The image sensor 30 is communicatively connected to the image processor. The image sensor 30 can be used to collect ambient light and convert the image information carried by the ambient light into an electrical signal. This electrical signal is transmitted to the image processor and processed by the image processor to obtain image data

[0100] In some embodiments, the camera module 100 may further include a motor 40. The lens 10 may be installed inside the motor 40, so that the motor 40 can drive the lens 10 to move in a direction close to or away from the optical steering element 20 to achieve optical focusing. In some other embodiments, the motor 40 may also have an optical image stabilization function, that is, the motor 40 can be an integrated motor that combines optical image stabilization and focusing functions

[0101] In some embodiments, the camera module 100 may further include a bracket 50. The optical steering element 20 may be fixed inside the bracket 50. The motor 40 and the image sensor 30 may be located on the same side of the optical steering element 20, and both the motor 40 and the image sensor 30 may be fixedly connected to the bracket 50

[0102] In some embodiments, the camera module 100 may further include a circuit assembly 60. The image sensor 30 may be electrically connected to the image processor through the circuit assembly 60

[0103] Optionally, the image processor is disposed on the main board (not shown in the figure) of the electronic device. The circuit component 60 may further include a connector (not shown in the figure), such as a board-to-board connector. The circuit component 60 can be electrically connected to the main board of the electronic device through the connector, thereby realizing the electrical connection between the photosensitive chip 30 and the image processor.

[0104] Figure 7 FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical steering element 20 in one implementation manner of the present application. Figure 8 is Figure 7 a schematic structural diagram of the optical steering element 20 shown in FIG. 5 from another perspective.

[0105] As Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the optical steering element 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a prism. The optical steering element 20 may have a length direction, a width direction, and a thickness direction. For the sake of convenience of description, as Figure 7 shown, the length direction of the optical steering element 20 is defined as the X axis, the width direction of the optical steering element 20 is defined as the Y axis, and the thickness direction of the optical steering element 20 is defined as the Z axis. It can be understood that the coordinate system setting of the optical steering element 20 can be flexibly set according to specific actual needs.

[0106] In some embodiments, the optical steering element 20 may include an incident area 20b1 and an exit area 20b2. During shooting, light may enter the interior of the optical steering element 20 from the incident area 20b1, and multiple reflections may occur inside the optical steering element 20, and then exit the exterior of the optical steering element 20 from the exit area 20b2.

[0107] It should be noted that Figure 4 and Figure 7 roughly show the incident area 20b1 and the exit area 20b2 through dotted lines.

[0108] As Figure 4 shown, the incident area 20b1 and the exit area 20b2 may be formed on different surfaces of the optical steering element 20. At this time, the lens 10 is disposed opposite to the exit area 20b2, and the photosensitive chip 30 is located on the side of the lens 10 away from the exit area 20b2. Alternatively, as Figure 7 shown, the incident area 20b1 and the exit area 20b2 may be formed on the same surface of the optical steering element 20. At this time, the lens and the photosensitive chip are located on the same side of the optical steering element 20, and the lens is disposed opposite to the incident area 20b1, and the photosensitive chip is disposed opposite to the exit area 20b2.

[0109] The optical redirection element 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a first surface 20a, which is arranged in a different plane from the surface where the incident area 20b1 and the exit area 20b2 are located. That is, when the incident area 20b1 and the exit area 20b2 can be formed on different surfaces of the optical redirection element 20, the first surface 20a is arranged in a different plane from both the surface where the incident area 20b1 is located and the surface where the exit area 20b2 is located; when the incident area 20b1 and the exit area 20b2 can be formed on the same surface of the optical redirection element 20, the first surface 20a is arranged in a different plane from the surface where the incident area 20b1 is located.

[0110] Among them, the two surfaces being out of plane can be understood as: the two surfaces are not the same surface, the two surfaces can be arranged in parallel, or can be cross-connected, and the two surfaces can be arranged at an angle, for example, the two surfaces can be approximately perpendicular, that is, the angle between the two surfaces can be approximately equal to 90°, such as 88°, 89°, 90°, 91° or 92°, etc. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the two surfaces can be arranged at other angles, such as 30°, 45°, 60°, etc.

[0111] The specific solution of the present application will be further described below by taking the example that the incident area 20b1 and the exit area 20b2 are formed on the same surface of the optical deflection element 20.

[0112] Specifically, the optical redirection element 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a second surface 20b, and the incident area 20b1 and the exit area 20b2 are both formed on the second surface 20b. Then the first surface 20a and the second surface 20b are arranged on different planes, that is, the first surface 20a and the second surface 20b can be arranged in parallel (such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 ), and can also be cross-connected.

[0113] The specific solution of the present application will be further described in detail below by taking the first surface 20a and the second surface 20b being arranged in parallel as an example.

[0114] Specifically, the first surface 20 a and the second surface 20 b may be disposed opposite to each other in the thickness direction (corresponding to the Z-axis direction in the drawings) of the optical redirecting element 20 .

[0115] Exemplarily, the second surface 20b can constitute the top surface of the optical steering element 20, the first surface 20a can constitute the bottom surface of the optical steering element 20, and in the length direction of the optical steering element 20 (corresponding to the X-axis direction in the accompanying drawings), the size of the second surface 20b can be larger than the size of the first surface 20a.

[0116] The lens and the photosensitive chip are located on top of the optical steering element 20. That is, the lens and the photosensitive chip are located on the side of the second surface 20b of the optical steering element 20 that faces away from the first surface 20a. At this time, the second surface 20b is arranged closer to the lens and the photosensitive chip than the first surface 20a.

[0117] After the light enters the interior of the optical steering element 20 from the incident area 20b1, the light can be reflected multiple times inside the optical steering element 20 and finally exit from the exit area 20b2. In other words, the incident area 20b1 and the exit area 20b2 can be the transmission surfaces for light signal transmission in the optical steering element 20. Among them, the reflection that occurs inside the optical steering element 20 can be ordinary reflection or total reflection.

[0118] Exemplarily, when the incident angle of the light approaches or is greater than the critical angle of the optical steering element 20, the light can undergo total reflection inside the optical steering element 20.

[0119] Optionally, the incident area 20b1 and the exit area 20b2 can be arranged along the length direction of the optical steering element 20 (corresponding to the X-axis direction in the attached drawing), or can be arranged along the width direction of the optical steering element 20 (corresponding to the Y-axis direction in the attached drawing).

[0120] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the optical steering element 20 may further include a first side surface 20c, a second side surface 20d, a third side surface 20e, and a fourth side surface 20f. Among them, the first side surface 20c and the second side surface 20d may be arranged opposite to each other, the third side surface 20e and the fourth side surface 20f may be arranged opposite to each other, the first side surface 20c, the third side surface 20e, the second side surface 20d, and the fourth side surface 20f may be connected end to end in sequence, and the first side surface 20c, the second side surface 20d, the third side surface 20e, and the fourth side surface 20f can all be connected between the first surface 20a and the second surface 20b. The first side surface 20c and the second side surface 20d can be arranged along the length direction of the optical steering element 20, and the third side surface 20e and the fourth side surface 20f can be arranged along the width direction of the optical steering element 20.

[0121] In some embodiments, the optical steering element 20 may include at least two reflecting surfaces, such as two, three, four, etc. The reflecting surface can be formed by setting a reflecting material on the surface of the optical steering element 20 (for example, by coating a reflective coating / sticking a reflective film, etc.).

[0122] Exemplarily, if the number of reflecting surfaces is two, the optical steering element 20 includes a first reflecting surface 20g and a second reflecting surface 20h. Herein, the first reflecting surface 20g and the second reflecting surface 20h are respectively connected between the first surface 20a and the second surface 20b. The first reflecting surface 20g may be formed on the first side surface 20c, and the second reflecting surface 20h may be formed on the second side surface 20d.

[0123] Another exemplarily, if the number of reflecting surfaces is two, the optical steering element 20 includes a first reflecting surface 20g, a second reflecting surface 20h, and a third reflecting surface 20i. Herein, the first reflecting surface 20g and the second reflecting surface 20h are respectively connected between the first surface 20a and the second surface 20b. The first reflecting surface 20g may be formed on the first side surface 20c, the second reflecting surface 20h may be formed on the second side surface 20d, and the third reflecting surface 20i may be formed on the second surface 20b and is located between the incident area and the exit area.

[0124] Optionally, the entire first side surface 20c may be provided with a reflective material to form the first reflecting surface 20g, that is, the first reflecting surface 20g may completely overlap with the first side surface 20c; the entire second side surface 20d may also be provided with a reflective material to form the second reflecting surface 20h, that is, the second reflecting surface 20h may completely overlap with the second side surface 20d.

[0125] In other embodiments, only a partial area (such as the central area of the first side surface 20c) of the first side surface 20c may be provided with a reflective material to form the first reflecting surface 20g. At this time, the portion of the first side surface 20c that does not overlap with the first reflecting surface 20g may be provided with an anti-reflection ink to absorb stray light and improve the imaging quality. Only a partial area (such as the central area of the second side surface 20d) of the second side surface 20d may be provided with a reflective material to form the second reflecting surface 20h. At this time, the portion of the second side surface 20d that does not overlap with the second reflecting surface 20h may be provided with an anti-reflection ink to absorb stray light and improve the imaging quality.

[0126] In some embodiments, the first reflecting surface 20g and the second reflecting surface 20h may be arranged at an angle, and the distance between the first reflecting surface 20g and the second reflecting surface 20h decreases in the direction from the second surface 20b towards the first surface 20a.

[0127] In other words, an angle less than 90° can be formed between the first reflecting surface 20g and the incident region (i.e., an angle less than 90° can be formed between the second surface 20b and the first side surface 20c), so that the projection of the first reflecting surface 20g on the plane where the second surface 20b is located can overlap with at least part of the incident region. And / or, an angle less than 90° can be formed between the second reflecting surface 20h and the exit region (i.e., an angle less than 90° can be formed between the second surface 20b and the second side surface 20d), so that the projection of the second reflecting surface 20h on the plane where the second surface 20b is located can overlap with at least part of the exit region. In this way, after the light enters the optical steering element 20 from the incident region, it can be reflected by one or more of the first reflecting surface 20g, the second reflecting surface 20h, and the third reflecting surface 20i, and finally an image is formed on the photosensitive chip.

[0128] Through the above design, after the light (i.e., the first light mentioned below) enters the optical steering element 20, it can be reflected multiple times under the action of multiple reflecting surfaces until it exits from the exit region, so that the optical path can be effectively folded, the focal length can be extended, and the total length of the optical system can be increased, so that miniaturization can be achieved while obtaining a larger focal length.

[0129] As Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, the optical steering element 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a plurality of hole structures 21. The orifices of the plurality of hole structures 21 are all formed on the first surface 20a. The plurality of hole structures 21 are arranged along a first preset direction and a second preset direction, and any two adjacent hole structures 21 are spaced apart, so that the first surface 20a has a plurality of adjacent sub-regions 20a1, that is, the pore wall surfaces of two adjacent hole structures 21 are connected through the sub-region 20a1.

[0130] Exemplarily, the pore wall surface of the hole structure 21 and the sub-region 20a1 can both be reflecting surfaces. For example, a reflecting material can be coated / pasted on the pore wall surface of the hole structure 21 so that the pore wall surface of the hole structure 21 can be used as a reflecting surface, and a reflecting material can be coated / pasted on the first surface 20a so that the sub-region 20a1 can be used as a reflecting surface, so that the pore wall surface of the hole structure 21 and the sub-region 20a1 can both reflect light.

[0131] When the user takes a picture, the light from the external environment can pass through the lens and enter the interior of the optical steering element 20 through the incident area 20b1 of the optical steering element 20. Among them, the light entering the lens can include the first light and the second light. The first light can be the effective light in the shooting area, and the second light can be the stray light outside the shooting area. The first light enters the optical steering element 20 from the incident area 20b1, undergoes multiple reflections inside the optical steering element 20, and then exits from the exit area 20b2 and forms an image on the photosensitive chip; after the second light enters the interior of the optical steering element 20 from the incident area 20b1, it will be reflected by the reflecting surface to the first surface 20a (i.e., the bottom surface of the optical steering element 20), or directly transmitted to the first surface 20a of the optical steering element 20. When the second light is transmitted to the pore wall surface or the sub-region 20a1 of the pore structure 21, the stray light can be reflected in the direction towards the incident area 20a2 under the action of the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 and the sub-region 20a1.

[0132] That is to say, in the optical steering element 20 of the present application, by arranging a plurality of pore structures 21 on the first surface 20a, and arranging the plurality of pore structures 21 in an arrangement along the first preset direction and the second preset direction, and any two adjacent pore structures 21 are spaced apart, so as to divide the first surface 20a of the optical steering element 20 into a plurality of connected sub-regions 20a1. In this way, not only can the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 be used to reflect light, but also the sub-region 20a1 located between two adjacent pore structures 21 can be used to reflect light. In this regard, on the one hand, when the stray light enters the interior of the optical steering element 20, the stray light can be reflected by the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 and the sub-region 20a1 of the first surface 20a, and make it transmit in the direction towards the incident area (for example Figure 9 the path indicated by the thick dashed arrow in). That is, the stray light reflected by the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 and the sub-region 20a1 of the first surface 20a will not finally exit from the exit area and form an image on the photosensitive chip, thereby effectively reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality and being beneficial to improving the imaging quality of the shooting; on the other hand, since the sub-region 20a1 is connected between the pore wall surfaces of two adjacent pore structures 21 and the sub-region 20a1 is a plane, it avoids the situation that a sharp contact angle is formed at the connection between the pore wall surfaces of two pore structures 21 and is easily broken during the processing and preparation process, reducing the risk of the optical steering element 20 chipping and falling glass slag.

[0133] In addition, since the hole structure 21 has only one hole opening formed by penetrating the first surface 20a, the hole wall surface of the hole structure 21 includes a side wall surface that wraps around the thickness direction of the optical steering element 20. As a result, stray light at various angles can be reflected by the side wall surface of the hole structure 21 and the sub-region 20a1, that is, stray light at any angle can be reflected by the side wall surface of the hole structure 21 and the sub-region 20a1, which can greatly reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging quality and improve the user's shooting experience.

[0134] Wherein, the first preset direction and the second preset direction are arranged at an angle. Exemplarily, the first preset direction and the second preset direction can be arranged approximately at a right angle, that is, the included angle between the first preset direction and the second preset direction can be approximately equal to 90°, such as 88°, 89°, 90°, 91° or 92°, etc. In this application, the direction perpendicular to the first preset direction and the second preset direction is configured as the third preset direction.

[0135] When the first preset direction and the second preset direction are arranged at a right angle, one of the first preset direction and the second preset direction can be extended along the length direction of the optical steering element 20, and the other of the first preset direction and the second preset direction can be extended along the width direction of the optical steering element 20, and the third preset direction is extended along the thickness direction of the optical steering element 20.

[0136] Since the second surface 20b is arranged opposite to the first surface 20a in the third preset direction, and the incident region 20b1 and the exit region 20b2 are both formed on the second surface 20b, the plane where the incident region and the exit region are located and the plane where the hole structure is located are not the same plane, so that the reflection of the hole structure on the effective light (i.e., the first light ray) can be reduced or avoided, ensuring that the effective light can reach and be imaged on the photosensitive chip smoothly, and further ensuring the imaging quality of the shooting.

[0137] As an optional implementation manner, as Figure 8 shown, a plurality of hole structures 21 are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element 20. With this arrangement, the plurality of hole structures 21 can be arranged more regularly, making the reflection of the plurality of hole structures 21 and the plurality of sub-regions 20a1 on the stray light more directional, so that stray light at various angles can be reflected by the hole wall surface of the hole structure 21 and the sub-region 20a1, thereby greatly reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality and improving the user's shooting experience.

[0138] As another optional implementation manner, as Figure 10As shown, a plurality of hole structures 21 are arranged in an array along a first preset direction and a second preset direction of the optical steering element 20, and the hole structures 21 in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures 21 in the odd rows. That is, in the first preset direction of the optical steering element 20, the optical steering element 20 includes multiple rows of hole structures 21, in the second preset direction of the optical steering element 20, the optical steering element 20 includes multiple columns of hole structures 21, in the first preset direction of the optical steering element 20, the hole structures 21 in the even rows and the hole structures 21 in the odd rows are arranged in a staggered manner, and in the second preset direction of the optical steering element 20, the hole structures 21 in the even columns and the hole structures 21 in the odd columns are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0139] As another optional implementation manner, a part of the hole structures 21 are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element 20, and another part of the hole structures 21 are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element 20, and the hole structures 21 in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures 21 in the odd rows.

[0140] With such an arrangement, the plurality of hole structures 21 can be arranged more regularly, so that the reflection of the plurality of hole structures 21 and the plurality of sub-regions 20a1 on stray light is more directional, so that stray light at various angles can be reflected by the hole wall surfaces of the hole structures 21 and the sub-regions 20a1, thereby greatly reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality and improving the user's shooting experience.

[0141] In some embodiments, the optical steering element 20 further includes a light shielding layer 22, and the light shielding layer 22 is disposed between the first side surface 20c and the second side surface 20d. That is, the light shielding layer 22 is disposed between the first reflecting surface 20g and the second reflecting surface 20h. The light shielding layer 22 is fixedly connected to the first surface 20a and is spaced apart from the second surface 20b, and a light passing area is formed between the light shielding layer 22 and the second surface 20b for the first light to pass through. The light shielding layer 22 is used to block the second light (stray light) to prevent the second light from being emitted from the light emitting area and imaging on the photosensitive chip. In this way, by providing the light shielding layer 22 inside the optical steering element 20 to block the second light, stray light outside the light passing area can be prevented from passing through and imaging on the photosensitive chip, thereby affecting the imaging quality.

[0142] In some embodiments, the optical steering element 20 further includes a light shielding groove 23, and an opening of the light shielding groove 23 can be formed on the first surface 20a, the third side surface 20e, and the fourth side surface 20f, and the light shielding groove 23 is recessed into the optical steering element 20. The groove wall surface of the light shielding groove 23 can be subjected to light shielding treatment to form the light shielding layer 22. For example, a light shielding material can be coated / pasted on the groove wall surface of the light shielding groove 23 to form the light shielding layer 22.

[0143] In other embodiments, the optical steering element 20 may be a cemented prism. That is, the optical steering element 20 may include a first sub-optical folding portion (not shown in the figures) and a second sub-optical folding portion (not shown in the figures) that are independent of each other, and the first sub-optical folding portion may be connected to the second sub-optical folding portion by cementing. In this way, by coating / pasting a light-shielding material on the cementing surface of the first sub-optical folding portion and / or the second sub-optical folding portion, the light-blocking layer 22 can be formed.

[0144] In some embodiments, the optical steering element 20 further includes a first light-absorbing layer 24, and the first light-absorbing layer 24 is disposed within the hole structure 21 and covers at least a part of the hole wall surface of the hole structure 21. For example, the first light-absorbing layer 24 can be formed by coating a light-absorbing ink or providing a light-absorbing film layer on the hole wall surface of the hole structure 21. In this way, when the second light (i.e., stray light) is transmitted to the hole wall surface of the hole structure 21, at least part of the energy of the second light can be absorbed by the first light-absorbing layer 24, thereby weakening the intensity and energy of the second light and further reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality, so that the imaging quality can be greatly improved.

[0145] In some embodiments, the optical steering element 20 further includes a second light-absorbing layer 25, and the second light-absorbing layer 25 is disposed on the first surface 20a and covers at least a part of the sub-region 20a1. For example, the second light-absorbing layer 25 can be formed by coating a light-absorbing ink or providing a light-absorbing film layer on the sub-region 20a1. In this way, when the second light (i.e., stray light) is transmitted to the sub-region 20a1, at least part of the energy of the second light can be absorbed by the second light-absorbing layer 25, thereby weakening the intensity and energy of the second light and further reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality, so that the imaging quality can be greatly improved.

[0146] It should be noted that Figure 11 the first light-absorbing layer 24 and the second light-absorbing layer 25 are schematically shown by the black regions.

[0147] In the present application, the shapes and sizes of the plurality of hole structures 21 may be exactly the same. In other embodiments, the shapes and sizes of the plurality of hole structures 21 may also not be exactly the same.

[0148] Optionally, the hole structure 21 can be prepared by laser shaping or by lithography.

[0149] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the hole structure 21 intercepted by a plane perpendicular to the third preset direction may be a regular shape such as a circle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon, a hexagon, or an irregular shape, etc.

[0150] As an embodiment, the axis of the hole structure 21 may be inclined relative to the first surface 20a.

[0151] As another embodiment, the axis of the hole structure 21 may extend in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 20a, that is, the axis of the hole structure 21 may extend in a third preset direction, or it can be understood that the axis of the hole structure 21 is perpendicular to the first surface 20a. Thus, it is easy to form the hole structure 21 by laser processing rather than by photolithography, which is beneficial to reducing the processing cost of the hole structure 21. Moreover, since the axis of the hole structure 21 is inclined relative to the first surface 20a, a sharp corner will be formed at the connection between the hole wall surface of the hole structure 21 and the sub-region 20a1. Therefore, making the axis of the hole structure 21 extend in the third preset direction can avoid the sharp corner at the connection between the hole wall surface of the hole structure 21 and the sub-region 20a1, which is likely to break during the processing and preparation, and reduces the risk of the optical steering element 20 chipping and dropping glass slag.

[0152] An exemplary one is as Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, the hole wall surface of the hole structure 21 is a curved surface, and the aperture of the hole structure 21 decreases from the first surface 20a in a direction away from the first surface 20a, that is, the aperture of the hole structure 21 decreases from the first surface 20a in a direction towards the second surface 20b. At this time, the hole structure 21 can be approximately regarded as a conical hole, a frustum of a cone hole, a quadrangular pyramid hole, etc.

[0153] Another exemplary one is as Figure 14 shown, the hole wall surface of the hole structure 21 is a plane perpendicular to the first surface 20a. At this time, the hole structure 21 can be approximately regarded as a cylindrical hole.

[0154] Preferably, the hole wall surface of the hole structure 21 is a curved surface, and the aperture of the hole structure 21 decreases from the first surface 20a in a direction away from the first surface 20a. This can make the hole structure 21 have no bottom surface or make the bottom surface of the hole structure 21 relatively small, which can reduce the probability of stray light being reflected by the bottom surface of the hole structure 21, exiting from the exit region and imaging on the photosensitive chip, so as to reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging quality.

[0155] In some embodiments, as Figure 11 shown, the axis of the hole structure 21 extends in a direction perpendicular to the first surface, and the cross-section of the hole structure 21 intercepted by the first plane includes a first contour line 21a and a second contour line 21b. One end of the first contour line 21a and the second contour line 21b are respectively connected to the sub-region 20a1, and the other ends of the first contour line 21a and the second contour line 21b are connected. The first contour line 21a and the second contour line 21b are curves and are smoothly transitioned.

[0156] Wherein, the first plane is configured to be a plane perpendicular to the first surface 20a and passing through the axis of the hole structure 21.

[0157] In this way, while reducing the processing difficulty of the hole structure 21, it is possible to avoid forming a plane parallel to the first surface 20a on the bottom surface of the hole structure 21, thereby reducing the probability that stray light is reflected by the bottom surface of the hole structure 21, exits from the exit region, and forms an image on the photosensitive chip. Furthermore, it is possible to more effectively reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging quality and improve the imaging quality of the photographing.

[0158] For the sake of convenience of description, as Figure 11 shown, in the present application, the maximum aperture of the hole structure 21 is configured as D. That is to say, the maximum width of the hole structure 21 in the first preset direction or the second preset direction of the optical steering element 20 is configured as D, the hole depth of the hole structure 21 is configured as H. That is to say, the depth of the hole structure 21 in the thickness direction of the optical steering element 20 is configured as H, and the distance between two adjacent hole structures 21 is configured as P. That is to say, the distance between two adjacent hole structures 21 in the first preset direction or the second preset direction of the optical steering element 20 is configured as P.

[0159] In some embodiments, 1.50 ≤ H / D ≤ 4.50. For example, 1.50 ≤ H / D ≤ 2.00, 2.00 ≤ H / D ≤ 2.50, 2.50 ≤ H / D ≤ 3.00, 3.00 ≤ H / D ≤ 3.50, 3.50 ≤ H / D ≤ 4.00 or 4.00 ≤ H / D ≤ 4.50. Exemplarily, H / D = 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00, 2.10, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, 2.50, 2.60, 2.70, 2.80, 2.90, 3.00, 3.10, 3.20, 3.30, 3.40, 3.50, 3.60, 3.70, 3.80, 3.90, 4.00, 4.10, 4.20, 4.30, 4.40 or 4.50, etc.

[0160] When the above - mentioned relational expressions are satisfied, it is possible to avoid the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 from being too flat and tending to extend along the first preset direction or the second preset direction of the optical steering element 20, and to avoid the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 from being too steep and tending to extend along the thickness direction of the optical steering element 20. Thus, it is ensured that the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 can reflect stray light so that the stray light is reflected along the direction towards the incident area, avoiding the stray light from being imaged on the photosensitive chip in the exit area, and further reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality. When H / D≤1.50, it is possible to avoid the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 from being too flat and tending to extend along the first preset direction or the second preset direction of the optical steering element 20. Even if the stray light is reflected by the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21, there is still a possibility that it will exit from the exit area and be imaged on the photosensitive chip, affecting the imaging quality. When H / D≥4.50, the aperture of the pore structure is too small, which is not conducive to the processing of the pore structure.

[0161] In some embodiments, 1.25≤P / D≤4.00. For example, 1.25≤P / D≤1.50, 1.50≤P / D≤2.00, 2.00≤P / D≤2.50, 2.50≤P / D≤3.00, 3.00≤P / D≤3.50 or 3.50≤P / D≤4.00. Exemplarily, P / D = 1.25, 1.35, 1.45, 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00, 2.10, 2.25, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, 2.50, 2.55, 2.60, 2.70, 2.80, 2.90, 3.00, 3.10, 3.20, 3.25, 3.30, 3.40, 3.50, 3.55, 3.60, 3.70, 3.80, 3.90 or 4.00, etc.

[0162] When the above - mentioned relational expressions are satisfied, it is possible to avoid the distance between two adjacent pore structures 21 from being too large, so that after the stray light undergoes at least two reflections between the pore wall surfaces of two adjacent pore structures 21, it is reflected to the sub - region 20a1 located between the two adjacent pore structures 21, and finally, after being reflected by the sub - region 20a1, it is reflected along the direction towards the incident area. Thus, the stray light undergoes three reflections, which can greatly and effectively reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging quality. When P / D≤1.25, the distance between two adjacent pore structures 21 is too small, which is likely to form sharp corners between the two adjacent pore structures 21, thus easily causing breakage during the processing and preparation process, and there is a risk of tooth breakage and glass slag falling, affecting the quality and use of the optical steering element 20. When P / D≥4.00, the aperture of the pore structure is too small, which is not conducive to the processing of the pore structure.

[0163] It can be seen that when the relational expressions: 1.50 ≤ H / D ≤ 4.50 and 1.25 ≤ P / D ≤ 4.00 are satisfied simultaneously, it can not only ensure that the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 can reflect stray light so that the stray light is reflected in the direction towards the incident area, avoiding the stray light from the exit area from imaging on the photosensitive chip, thereby reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality; but also enable the stray light to be reflected at least twice between the pore wall surfaces of two adjacent pore structures 21 and then be reflected to the sub-region 20a1 located between the two adjacent pore structures 21, and finally be reflected along the direction towards the incident area after being reflected by the sub-region 20a1, so that the stray light undergoes three reflections, thus greatly and effectively reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality.

[0164] In addition, since the stray light can be reflected at least three times between two adjacent pore structures 21, when the first light-absorbing layer 24 and the second light-absorbing layer 25 exist simultaneously, the stray light can be absorbed by the first light-absorbing layer 24 and the second light-absorbing layer 25 together at least three times. And the more times the stray light is absorbed, the less the amount of the emitted stray light. That is, after multiple absorptions, often only very little or even no stray light is emitted, thereby making the effect of suppressing stray light better.

[0165] In some embodiments, 20 μm ≤ D ≤ 200 μm. For example, 20 μm ≤ D ≤ 50 μm, 50 μm ≤ D ≤ 80 μm, 80 μm ≤ D ≤ 100 μm, 100 μm ≤ D ≤ 120 μm, 120 μm ≤ D ≤ 150 μm, 150 μm ≤ D ≤ 180 μm or 180 ≤ D ≤ 200 μm. Exemplarily, D = 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, 55 μm, 60 μm, 65 μm, 70 μm, 75 μm, 80 μm, 85 μm, 90 μm, 96 μm, 100 μm, 105 μm, 110 μm, 115 μm, 120 μm, 125 μm, 130 μm, 135 μm, 140 μm, 145 μm, 150 μm, 155 μm, 160 μm, 165 μm, 170 μm, 175 μm, 180 μm, 185 μm, 190 μm, 195 μm or 200 μm, etc.

[0166] When the above relational expressions are satisfied, it can avoid the aperture of the pore structure 21 from being too small, which is convenient for the processing and preparation of the pore structure 21. At the same time, it can also ensure that enough pore structures 21 are formed on the optical steering element 20, which is beneficial to reflecting stray light at various angles so that the stray light is reflected in the direction towards the incident area, avoiding the stray light from the exit area from imaging on the photosensitive chip, thereby reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality.

[0167] In some embodiments, 30μm ≤ H ≤ 900μm. For example, 30μm ≤ H ≤ 50μm, 50μm ≤ H ≤ 100μm, 100μm ≤ H ≤ 150μm, 150μm ≤ H ≤ 200μm, 200μm ≤ H ≤ 250μm, 250μm ≤ H ≤ 300μm, 300μm ≤ H ≤ 400μm, 400μm ≤ H ≤ 500μm, 500μm ≤ H ≤ 600μm, 600μm ≤ H ≤ 700μm, 700μm ≤ H ≤ 800μm, or 800 ≤ H ≤ 900. Exemplarily, H = 30μm, 35μm, 40μm, 45μm, 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, 90μm, 100μm, 110μm, 120μm, 130μm, 140μm, 150μm, 160μm, 170μm, 180μm, 190μm, 200μm, 230μm, 250μm, 2700μm, 300μm, 330μm, 350μm, 380μm, 400μm, 450μm, 500μm, 550μm, 600μm, 650μm, 700μm, 750μm, 800μm, 850μm, or 900μm, etc.

[0168] When the above - mentioned relational expression is satisfied, it is possible to avoid the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 from being too flat and tending to extend along the first preset direction or the second preset direction of the optical steering element 20, and to avoid the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 from being too steep and tending to extend along the thickness direction of the optical steering element 20, so as to ensure that the pore wall surface of the pore structure 21 can reflect stray light so that the stray light is reflected along the direction towards the incident area, avoid the stray light from being imaged on the photosensitive chip in the exit area, and further reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging quality.

[0169] In some embodiments, 50μm ≤ P ≤ 800μm. For example, 50μm ≤ P ≤ 100μm, 100μm ≤ P ≤ 150μm, 150μm ≤ P ≤ 200μm, 200μm ≤ P ≤ 250μm, 250μm ≤ P ≤ 300μm, 300μm ≤ P ≤ 400μm, 400μm ≤ P ≤ 500μm, 500μm ≤ P ≤ 600μm, 600μm ≤ P ≤ 700μm, or 700μm ≤ P ≤ 800. Exemplarily, P = 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, 90μm, 100μm, 110μm, 120μm, 130μm, 140μm, 150μm, 160μm, 170μm, 180μm, 190μm, 200μm, 230μm, 250μm, 2700μm, 300μm, 330μm, 350μm, 380μm, 400μm, 450μm, 500μm, 550μm, 600μm, 650μm, 700μm, 750μm, or 800μm, etc.

[0170] When the above - mentioned relational expressions are satisfied, it is possible to avoid too large a distance between two adjacent hole structures 21, so that stray light can be reflected at least twice between the hole wall surfaces of two adjacent hole structures 21, then reflected to the sub - region located between the two adjacent hole structures 21, and finally reflected by the sub - region 20a1 and reflected in the direction towards the incident region. Thus, the stray light undergoes three reflections, and in this way, the influence of stray light on the imaging quality can be greatly and effectively reduced.

[0171] It can be seen that when the relational expressions 20μm ≤ D ≤ 200μm, 30μm ≤ H ≤ 900μm, and 50μm ≤ P ≤ 800μm are simultaneously satisfied, it can not only ensure that the hole wall surface of the hole structure 21 can reflect stray light so that the stray light is reflected in the direction towards the incident region, avoiding the stray light from exiting the imaging region and imaging on the photosensitive chip, thereby reducing the influence of stray light on the imaging quality; but also enable the stray light to be reflected at least twice between the hole wall surfaces of two adjacent hole structures 21, then reflected to the sub - region 20a1 located between the two adjacent hole structures 21, and finally reflected by the sub - region 20a1 and reflected in the direction towards the incident region. Thus, the stray light undergoes three reflections, and in this way, the influence of stray light on the imaging quality can be greatly and effectively reduced.

[0172] In addition, since the stray light can undergo at least three reflections between two adjacent hole structures 21, when the first light - absorbing layer 24 and the second light - absorbing layer 25 exist simultaneously, the stray light can be absorbed at least three times by the first light - absorbing layer 24 and the second light - absorbing layer 25 in total. And the more times the stray light is absorbed, the less the amount of the stray light emitted. That is, after multiple absorptions, often only very little or even no stray light is emitted. Thus, the effect of suppressing stray light can be better.

[0173] It can be known that the larger the illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface, the more stray light there is on the imaging surface and the worse the imaging quality. Therefore, the proportion of the stray light on the imaging surface can be reflected by measuring the illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface, so as to judge the imaging quality.

[0174] Therefore, the applicant measures the illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface in the related technology and the illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface in this application. The specific details are shown in Table 1 below. Among them, the unit of the illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is lux (lux).

[0175] Related technology ① represents: designing the first surface into a fogged surface.

[0176] Related technology ② represents: forming a serrated structure on the first surface, and the maximum distance between two adjacent serrations is 100μm.

[0177] This application ① represents: A plurality of hole structures are provided on the first surface, and the plurality of hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element. The maximum diameter D of the hole structure is 100 μm, the depth H of the hole structure is 300 μm, and the distance P between adjacent two hole structures is 250 μm.

[0178] This application ② represents: A plurality of hole structures are provided on the first surface, and the plurality of hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element. The hole structures in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures in the odd rows. The maximum diameter D of the hole structure is 100 μm, the depth H of the hole structure is 300 μm, and the distance P between adjacent two hole structures is 250 μm.

[0179] The maximum illuminance value (lux) of stray light on the imaging surface Related technology ① 75.61 Related technology ② 15.19 This application ① 0.459 This application ② 0.393

[0180] Table 1

[0181] As can be seen from Table 1 above, by adopting this application ① and ②, the maximum illuminance values of stray light on the imaging surface are smaller than those of the related technologies ① and ②. This shows that by adopting the technical solution of this application, stray light can be effectively suppressed, the influence of stray light on the imaging quality can be reduced, and the imaging quality can be improved.

[0182] The applicant also measured the illuminance values of stray light on the imaging surface for hole structures of different sizes and different arrangement patterns. See Table 2 below for details.

[0183] Among them, arrangement pattern ① represents: A plurality of hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element.

[0184] Arrangement pattern ② represents: A plurality of hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the hole structures in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures in the odd rows.

[0185]

[0186]

[0187] Table 2

[0188] As can be seen from Table 2 above, when the relational expressions: 1.50 ≤ H / D ≤ 4.50, 1.25 ≤ P / D ≤ 4.00 are satisfied, and / or when the relational expressions: 20 μm ≤ D ≤ 200 μm, 30 μm ≤ H ≤ 900 μm, 50 μm ≤ P ≤ 800 μm are satisfied, the maximum illuminance values of stray light on the imaging surface are relatively small. This shows that by adopting the technical solution of this application, stray light can be effectively suppressed, the influence of stray light on the imaging quality can be reduced, and the imaging quality can be improved.

[0189] Please refer to Figure 15 , Figure 15 , which shows the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface when the hole structures are generally conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, the maximum diameter D of the hole structures is 100 μm, the depth H of the hole structures is 300 μm, and the distance P between adjacent two hole structures is 250 μm. It can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and the sub-regions of the hole structures. From Figure 15 it can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 0.459 lux, which indicates that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is relatively good.

[0190] Please refer to Figure 16 , Figure 16 , which shows the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface when the hole structures are generally conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, the maximum diameter D of the hole structures is 80 μm, the depth H of the hole structures is 100 μm, and the distance P between adjacent two hole structures is 100 μm. It can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and the sub-regions of the hole structures. From Figure 16 it can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 38.1 lux, which indicates that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is relatively good.

[0191] Please refer to Figure 17 , Figure 17 , which shows the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface when the hole structures are generally conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, the maximum diameter D of the hole structures is 20 μm, the depth H of the hole structures is 30 μm, and the distance P between adjacent two hole structures is 50 μm. It can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and the sub-regions of the hole structures. From Figure 17 it can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 13.4751 lux, which indicates that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is relatively good.

[0192] Please refer to Figure 18 , Figure 18 , which shows the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface when the hole structures are generally conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, the maximum diameter D of the hole structures is 120 μm, the depth H of the hole structures is 300 μm, and the distance P between adjacent two hole structures is 300 μm. It can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and the sub-regions of the hole structures. FromFigure 18 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of stray light on the imaging surface is 0.6291 lux, indicating that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is relatively good.

[0193] Please refer to Figure 19 , Figure 19 When the hole structure is roughly conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the maximum diameter D of the hole structure is 160 μm, the depth H of the hole structure is 500 μm, and the distance P between adjacent two hole structures is 500 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface, which can represent the energy level of stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and sub-regions of the hole structure. From Figure 19 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of stray light on the imaging surface is 0.6181 lux, indicating that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is relatively good.

[0194] Please refer to Figure 20 , Figure 20 When the hole structure is roughly conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the maximum diameter D of the hole structure is 180 μm, the depth H of the hole structure is 600 μm, and the distance P between adjacent two hole structures is 600 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface, which can represent the energy level of stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and sub-regions of the hole structure. From Figure 20 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of stray light on the imaging surface is 0.4251 lux, indicating that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is relatively good.

[0195] Please refer to Figure 21 , Figure 21 When the hole structure is roughly conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the maximum diameter D of the hole structure is 200 μm, the depth H of the hole structure is 900 μm, and the distance P between adjacent two hole structures is 800 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface, which can represent the energy level of stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and sub-regions of the hole structure. From Figure 21 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of stray light on the imaging surface is 0.2441 lux, indicating that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is relatively good.

[0196] Please refer to Figure 22 , Figure 22When the hole structure is generally conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the hole structures in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures in the odd rows. When the maximum diameter D of the hole structure is 100 μm, the depth H of the hole structure is 300 μm, and the distance P between two adjacent hole structures is 250 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and sub-regions of the hole structure. From Figure 22 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 0.393 lux, indicating that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is better.

[0197] Please refer to Figure 23 , Figure 23 When the hole structure is generally conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the hole structures in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures in the odd rows. When the maximum diameter D of the hole structure is 80 μm, the depth H of the hole structure is 100 μm, and the distance P between two adjacent hole structures is 100 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and sub-regions of the hole structure. From Figure 23 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 45.7 lux, indicating that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is better.

[0198] Please refer to Figure 24 , Figure 24 When the hole structure is generally conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the hole structures in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures in the odd rows. When the maximum diameter D of the hole structure is 20 μm, the depth H of the hole structure is 30 μm, and the distance P between two adjacent hole structures is 50 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and sub-regions of the hole structure. From Figure 24 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 17 lux, indicating that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is better.

[0199] Please refer to Figure 25 , Figure 25When the hole structure is generally conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the hole structures in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures in the odd rows, and the maximum diameter D of the hole structure is 120 μm, the depth H of the hole structure is 300 μm, and the distance P between two adjacent hole structures is 300 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface, which can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and sub-regions of the hole structure. From Figure 25 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 0.804 lux, which indicates that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is better.

[0200] Please refer to Figure 26 , Figure 26 When the hole structure is generally conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the hole structures in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures in the odd rows, and the maximum diameter D of the hole structure is 160 μm, the depth H of the hole structure is 500 μm, and the distance P between two adjacent hole structures is 500 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface, which can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and sub-regions of the hole structure. From Figure 26 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 0.422 lux, which indicates that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is better.

[0201] Please refer to Figure 27 , Figure 27 When the hole structure is generally conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the hole structures in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures in the odd rows, and the maximum diameter D of the hole structure is 180 μm, the depth H of the hole structure is 600 μm, and the distance P between two adjacent hole structures is 600 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface, which can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and sub-regions of the hole structure. From Figure 27 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 0.331 lux, which indicates that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is better.

[0202] Please refer to Figure 28 , Figure 28When the hole structures are generally conical, multiple hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the hole structures in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures in the odd rows, and the maximum diameter D of the hole structures is 200 μm, the depth H of the hole structures is 900 μm, and the distance P between two adjacent hole structures is 800 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface, which can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and the sub-region of the hole structures. From Figure 28 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 63 lux, which indicates that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is better.

[0203] Please refer to Figure 29 , Figure 29 When the hole structures are generally cylindrical, multiple hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the maximum diameter D of the hole structures is 100 μm, the depth H of the hole structures is 300 μm, and the distance P between two adjacent hole structures is 250 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface, which can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and the sub-region of the hole structures. From Figure 29 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 0.459 lux, which indicates that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is better.

[0204] Please refer to Figure 30 , Figure 30 When the hole structures are generally cylindrical, multiple hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction of the optical steering element, and the hole structures in the even rows are located between two adjacent hole structures in the odd rows, and the maximum diameter D of the hole structures is 100 μm, the depth H of the hole structures is 300 μm, and the distance P between two adjacent hole structures is 250 μm, the illuminance distribution diagram of stray light on the imaging surface, which can represent the energy level of the stray light reaching the imaging surface after being reflected by the hole wall surface and the sub-region of the hole structures. From Figure 30 It can be seen that the maximum illuminance value of the stray light on the imaging surface is 0.4284 lux, which indicates that there is less stray light on the imaging surface and the imaging effect is better.

[0205] Among them, in the above illuminance distribution diagram, the abscissa (X-axis) represents the length of the imaging surface, with the unit of millimeter (mm), and the ordinate (Y-axis) represents the width of the imaging surface, with the unit of mm.

[0206] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0207] In addition, the above-described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present application. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the patent scope of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation on the present application, and the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An optical deflection element, characterized in that: The optical steering element comprises: Incident area; Exit area; A first surface, wherein the first surface is arranged on a different plane from the surface where the incident area and the exit area are located; and A plurality of hole structures, wherein the openings of the plurality of hole structures are all formed on the first surface, the plurality of hole structures are arranged along a first preset direction and a second preset direction, and any two adjacent hole structures are arranged at intervals, so that the first surface has a plurality of connected sub-areas; Among them, the first preset direction and the second preset direction are set at an angle, the first light enters the optical deflection element from the incident area, and after multiple reflections occur inside the optical deflection element, it is emitted from the exit area, and the second light enters the optical deflection element from the incident area, and is reflected in the direction toward the incident area under the action of the hole wall surface of the hole structure and the sub-area.

2. The optical deflection element according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of hole structures are arranged in a rectangular array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction; and / or, The plurality of hole structures are arranged in an array along the first preset direction and the second preset direction, and the hole structure in an even-numbered row is located between two adjacent hole structures in an odd-numbered row.

3. The optical deflection element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum pore diameter of the pore structure is configured as D, the pore depth of the pore structure is configured as H, and the distance between two adjacent pore structures is configured as P; Among them, 1.50≤H / D≤4.50, and / or, 1.25≤P / D≤4.

00.

4. The optical deflection element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum pore diameter of the pore structure is configured as D, the pore depth of the pore structure is configured as H, and the distance between two adjacent pore structures is configured as P; Among them, 20μm≤D≤200μm, and / or, 30μm≤H≤900μm, and / or, 50μm≤P≤800μm.

5. The optical deflection element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pore diameter of the pore structure decreases gradually from the first surface in a direction away from the first surface.

6. The optical deflection element according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axis of the hole structure is extended in a direction perpendicular to the first surface, and a cross section of the hole structure cut by the first plane includes a first contour line and a second contour line, one end of the first contour line and the second contour line are respectively connected to the sub-region, the other end of the first contour line and the second contour line are connected, and the first contour line and the second contour line are curves with smooth transition; The first plane is configured as a plane perpendicular to the first surface and passing through the axis of the hole structure.

7. The optical deflection element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the hole structure extends in a direction perpendicular to the first surface.

8. The optical deflection element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The optical deflection element further includes a second surface, the second surface being arranged opposite to the first surface in a third preset direction; The third preset direction is configured as a direction perpendicular to the first preset direction and the second preset direction, and the incident area and the exit area are both formed on the second surface.

9. The optical deflection element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The optical deflection element further includes a first light absorbing layer, which is disposed in the hole structure and covers at least a portion of the hole wall surface of the hole structure; and / or, The optical deflection element further includes a second light absorbing layer, which is disposed on the first surface and covers at least a portion of the sub-region.

10. A camera module, characterized in that: The camera module has an optical steering element as described in any one of claims 1-9.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device has the camera module as described in claim 10.

Images