Adaptive update-based pixel antenna design method, system, device, and medium

Abstract

The application discloses a pixel antenna design method, system, device and medium based on adaptive updating, and the method comprises the steps of determining an initial pixel antenna structure; performing full electromagnetic simulation on the initial pixel antenna structure to obtain impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure; defining a target function of the pixel antenna structure; optimizing the target function by using a genetic algorithm to find the best connection state of internal ports; obtaining a design pixel antenna structure according to the impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure and the best connection state of the internal ports; and judging whether the performance meets the design target requirement, if yes, taking the design pixel antenna structure as the final design, otherwise, redesigning the initial pixel structure and starting the whole design process again. The application improves the performance of the pixel antenna design by optimizing the initial pixel antenna structure, and can improve the antenna adaptability and optimization flexibility by changing the internal port state of the pixel antenna to adjust the characteristics of the pixel antenna.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a pixel antenna design method, system, device and medium based on adaptive updating, and belongs to the antenna design field. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rapid development of wireless communication technology puts forward higher requirements for antenna design. Traditional antenna design relies on full-wave electromagnetic simulation and experimental verification, and although the performance can be improved through cutting slots, parasitic elements and parameter optimization, it is still insufficient in complex electromagnetic environments. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to explore new design methods. Pixel antennas, as an emerging technology, stand out with high degrees of freedom and flexible adjustment. The core lies in subdividing the metal surface into electrically small pixel elements, and realizing the flexibility and diversity of antenna design by controlling the state of adjacent pixels through switches.

[0003] Pixel antenna optimization is different from traditional parameter optimization. It belongs to a topological level design method, aiming to form a unique topological structure to meet the design specifications through internal port state optimization. Its high degree of freedom leads to a large number of optimization variables, which puts higher requirements on evaluation and optimization algorithms. To solve this problem, efficient methods such as internal multi-port method are proposed, which significantly improve the calculation efficiency. At the same time, the proposal of multi-layer pixel structure further expands the design freedom, promoting the application of pixel antennas in various fields. However, pixel antenna design still faces many challenges, such as the significant influence of initial structure on the final performance, the lack of systematic exploration, etc., and with the increasing complexity of electromagnetic environment, it is difficult to meet the different performance requirements of antenna design. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the application provides a pixel antenna design method, system, computer device and storage medium based on adaptive updating, which optimizes the initial pixel antenna structure to improve the performance of pixel antenna design, and changes the internal port state of the pixel antenna to realize the adjustment of its characteristics such as frequency response and far-field pattern, which can improve the adaptability and optimization flexibility of the antenna.

[0005] The first object of the application is to provide a pixel antenna design method based on adaptive updating

[0006] The second object of the application is to provide a pixel antenna design system based on adaptive updating.

[0007] The third object of the application is to provide a computer device.

[0008] The fourth object of the application is to provide a computer readable storage medium.

[0009] The first object of the application can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0010] A pixel antenna design method based on adaptive update, the method comprising:

[0011] determining an initial pixel antenna structure;

[0012] performing full electromagnetic simulation on the initial pixel antenna structure to obtain impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure;

[0013] defining an objective function of the pixel antenna structure;

[0014] optimizing the objective function by using a genetic algorithm to find the optimal connection state of internal ports of the initial pixel antenna structure;

[0015] obtaining a design pixel antenna structure according to the impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure and the optimal connection state of the internal ports;

[0016] judging whether the performance of the design pixel antenna structure meets the design target requirement, if yes, taking the design pixel antenna structure as a final design, otherwise, redesigning the initial pixel structure and starting the whole design process again.

[0017] Further, the determination of the initial pixel antenna specifically comprises:

[0018] estimating the overall size of the pixel antenna and the size of the pixel element according to the design target to obtain the initial pixel antenna structure.

[0019] Further, the open circuit state and the short circuit state of the internal ports correspond to the load with resistance value of ∞ and 0 respectively, and the voltage and current of all loads connected to the internal ports satisfy -Z L (x)i I = V I , wherein x represents the state of all internal ports, Z L (x) represents the impedance matrix at the load end.

[0020] Further, the definition of the objective function of the pixel antenna structure specifically comprises:

[0021] defining the objective function of the pixel antenna structure according to the design target and formulating relevant parameters.

[0022] Further, the objective function is represented as follows:

[0023]

[0024] wherein i and j represent port numbers, Q represents the total number of ports, f represents the number index of frequency sampling points, T ii and T ij respectively represent the expected threshold of matching and isolation, x represents the design variable, G represents the far-field pattern, and Ω represents the spatial angle.

[0025] Further, the specific process of the genetic algorithm is as follows:

[0026] Encode the potential solution of the problem into a binary string to form an initial population; evaluate the pros and cons of each solution through a fitness function, simulate the natural selection process, and pass the high-quality solution to the next generation; in the iteration process, the genetic algorithm adopts the crossover operation, that is, exchanges part of the genes of two parent individuals to generate new offspring individuals; at the same time, the genes of the individual are randomly changed through the mutation operation to explore new areas of the solution space, and the genetic algorithm is iterated until the preset termination condition is met.

[0027] The second object of the application can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

[0028] A pixel antenna design system based on adaptive update, the system comprises:

[0029] A determination module is configured to determine an initial pixel antenna structure.

[0030] A first acquisition module is configured to perform full electromagnetic simulation on the initial pixel antenna structure to obtain impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure.

[0031] A definition module is configured to define an objective function of the pixel antenna structure.

[0032] An optimization module is configured to optimize the objective function by using a genetic algorithm to find the best connection state of the internal ports of the initial pixel antenna structure.

[0033] A second acquisition module is configured to obtain a design pixel antenna structure according to the impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure and the best connection state of the internal ports.

[0034] A judgment module is configured to judge whether the performance of the design pixel antenna structure meets the design target requirement, if yes, the design pixel antenna structure is taken as a final design, otherwise, the initial pixel structure is redesigned and the whole design process is restarted.

[0035] Further, the optimization module specifically comprises:

[0036] A first optimization unit is configured to, when the size of the pixel element is greater than a preset size, limit the number of pixel elements and ports in the design area, and optimize the objective function by using a genetic algorithm.

[0037] A second optimization unit is configured to, when the size of the pixel element is less than a preset size, limit the number of pixel elements and ports in the design area, and optimize the objective function by using an optimization algorithm based on perturbation sensitivity analysis.

[0038] The third object of the application can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

[0039] A computer device comprises a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor, and the processor implements the pixel antenna design method when executing the program stored in the memory.

[0040] The fourth object of the present application can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0041] A computer readable storage medium stores a program, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the pixel antenna design method.

[0042] The present application has the following beneficial effects relative to the prior art:

[0043] The present application improves the design performance of the pixel antenna by introducing adaptive updating of the initial pixel antenna structure, and the performance is superior through the dual-port pixel antenna verification; the design flexibility and optimization efficiency are improved by using the adaptive updating of the initial pixel antenna structure; the influence of the initial pixel antenna structure and the size of the pixel element on the design performance is studied to enhance the design adaptability and flexibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the drawings shown.

[0045] Figure 1 The flowchart of the pixel antenna design method based on adaptive updating of the present application embodiment 1.

[0046] Figure 2 The geometric definition diagram of the pixel antenna of the present application embodiment 1.

[0047] Figure 3 The analytical model diagram of the pixel antenna of the present application embodiment 1.

[0048] Figure 4 The initial pixel antenna structure updating process of the present application embodiment 1.

[0049] Figures 5a to 5c The structure diagram of the initial structure A, the structure diagram of design A and the S parameter diagram of the present application embodiment 1.

[0050] Figures 6a to 6c The structure diagram of the initial structure B, the structure diagram of design B and the S parameter diagram of the present application embodiment 1.

[0051] Figures 7a to 7c The diagrams shown are the structure diagram of the initial structure C, the structure diagram of the design C, and the S-parameter diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 8 The bandwidth distribution diagram is shown in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, which is the initial pixel antenna structure optimized through 10 simulations.

[0053] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of the pixel antenna design system based on adaptive updating according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of the computer device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a pixel antenna design method based on adaptive updates, which includes the following steps:

[0058] S101. Determine the initial pixel antenna structure.

[0059] This embodiment estimates the overall size of the pixel antenna and the size of the pixel elements based on the design goals, and obtains the initial pixel antenna structure. The geometric definition model of the pixel antenna is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the initial structure of the pixel antenna significantly affects its final design performance. This structure includes two key design parameters: the size of the initial pixel antenna structure and the size of each pixel element. Regarding the size of the initial pixel antenna structure, if the size of the initial pixel antenna structure is too small, it will be difficult to meet the design goals. Increasing the size of the initial pixel antenna structure violates the miniaturization goal, but it can improve the design and optimization performance.

[0060] The design goal of the embodiment is to meet the requirements of the port S parameter bandwidth or far field pattern of the antenna, and the working wavelength of electromagnetic wave is calculated according to the working frequency of the antenna, and the pixel antenna meeting the design requirements can be designed in the size range of half wavelength to one third of the wavelength, the overall initial size of the embodiment starts from 1 / 3 wavelength multiplied by 1 / 3 wavelength, and gradually increases in the subsequent updating process, and the unit size of the pixel element is usually between 1 / 50 wavelength and 1 / 25 wavelength, the initial pixel element starts from the larger 1 / 25 wavelength, and then gradually decreases in the updating.

[0061] Once the overall size of the initial pixel antenna structure is determined, the key is to specify the size of each pixel element, and the size of the pixel element should be properly set, if it is too small, the number of pixel elements will increase and the search space will be expanded, thereby increasing the complexity of optimization, on the contrary, larger pixel elements significantly speed up the optimization process, because the search space is significantly reduced, however, the reduction of this degree of freedom can also have a negative impact on the antenna performance, therefore, the selection of the initial pixel antenna structure and the pixel element size is a process that needs to be carefully balanced.

[0062] S102, full electromagnetic simulation is performed on the initial pixel antenna structure to obtain the impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure.

[0063] The embodiment uses full electromagnetic simulation software to perform full electromagnetic simulation on the initial pixel antenna structure, as shown in Figure 3 The voltage and current of all ports of the initial pixel antenna structure satisfy the following formula:

[0064] v=Zi (1)

[0065] For the initial structure of the pixel with Q ports, all the ports are divided into two subsets, internal ports (denoted by I) and feeding ports (denoted by F), and the voltage and current relationship can be represented as:

[0066]

[0067] Wherein, Z FF represents the impedance matrix of the feeding port, Z II represents the impedance matrix of the internal port, Z FI or Z IF represent the mutual impedance matrix between the internal port and the feeding port, the whole impedance matrix is obtained through complete electromagnetic simulation, and the processing of the internal and external ports is the same, the open circuit state and the short circuit state of the internal port correspond to the load with resistance value of ∞ and 0 respectively, and the voltage and current of all loads connected to the internal port satisfy the following formula:

[0068] -ZL (x)i I =V I (3)

[0069] where x represents the state of all internal ports, thus representing the geometry of the pixel structure, and is usually represented by "0" and "1" respectively for open and shorted ports, i.e. two cases of load being ∞ and 0, Z L (x) represents the impedance matrix of the load end, and is a diagonal matrix, the value of the element on the diagonal is equal to the resistance value of the load connected to the port, so it is a function of x.

[0070] Starting from (2) and (3), the impedance matrix of the input port can be expressed as:

[0071] Z in =Z FF -Z FI (Z L (x)+Z II ) -1 Z IF (4)

[0072] The impedance matrix of the input port is converted to:

[0073]

[0074] where S in is the S parameter of the input port, Z0 is the characteristic impedance of the communication system, usually 50 ohms, Z in is a unit matrix with the same size as I, for an antenna with multiple input ports, the non-diagonal elements in S in should be as close to 0 as possible to improve the isolation between input ports, and the diagonal elements should be as close to 0 as possible to improve the input impedance matching.

[0075] S103, define the objective function of the pixel antenna structure.

[0076] This embodiment defines the objective function of the pixel antenna structure according to the design target, and formulates the related parameters, usually the design indicators of various pixel antennas include the impedance matching, isolation and various characteristics of the radiation beam of the antenna, etc., and the objective function can be expressed as:

[0077]

[0078] where i and j represent the port number, Q represents the total number of ports, f represents the index of the frequency sampling point, T ii and T ij represent the expected threshold of matching and isolation respectively, x represents the design variable, G represents the far-field pattern, and Ω represents the spatial angle.

[0079] S104, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the objective function, and the optimal connection state of the internal port of the initial pixel antenna structure is found.

[0080] S105, the design pixel antenna structure is obtained according to the initial pixel antenna structure and the optimal connection state of the internal port.

[0081] S106, it is judged whether the performance of the design pixel antenna structure meets the design target requirement.

[0082] In this embodiment, the performance of the design pixel antenna structure is evaluated using full electromagnetic simulation software. If the design pixel antenna structure meets the design target requirement, the design pixel antenna structure is taken as the final design. Otherwise, the initial pixel structure is redesigned and the whole design process is restarted.

[0083] The initial pixel antenna structure is referred to as the initial structure, and the design pixel antenna structure is referred to as the design. Figure 4 As shown in the whole process, the initial structure 1 is given, the structure is small and the pixel element is large, and the design 1 obtained by optimization from the structure fails to fully meet the design target requirement. Next, the initial structure is updated, specifically, the size of each pixel element is reduced while the overall area is kept unchanged. This update produces the initial structure 2. Based on the initial structure 2, the design 2 is obtained by optimization. Due to the increased degrees of freedom, the performance of the design 2 is improved compared with the design 1, but still fails to meet the design target. Next, the initial structure is further updated by adding an extra horizontal row and an extra pixel column, thereby forming the initial structure 3. Then, the design 3 is optimized based on the initial structure 3. Compared with the previous designs, the performance of the design 3 is further improved. If the design target requirement is met, the iteration is terminated. If not, the above process about updating the overall size and the size of the pixel element is continued until the design target requirement is fully met.

[0084] In this embodiment, the genetic algorithm is used to design the pixel antenna by optimization. The genetic algorithm is an optimization search method simulating the principles of natural selection and genetics, and is especially good at handling discrete combinatorial problems such as 0-1 optimization. The algorithm first encodes the potential solutions of the problem into binary strings (each bit is 0 or 1) to form an initial population. Then, the fitness function is used to evaluate the quality of each solution, and the natural selection process is simulated to allow high-quality solutions to have more opportunities to pass to the next generation. In the iteration process, the algorithm uses crossover operation, i.e., exchanging part of the genes of two parent individuals to generate new offspring individuals to increase the diversity of solutions. At the same time, the mutation operation is used to randomly change the genes of individuals to explore new areas of the solution space. The genetic algorithm iterates until a preset termination condition is met, such as reaching the maximum number of iterations or the fitness of the solution no longer significantly improves. The algorithm has strong global search ability and can adaptively adjust the search direction, and still shows strong potential and practicality in handling complex optimization problems.

[0085] This embodiment uses the pixel antenna design method described above and tests a dual-port pixel antenna, considering designing a pixel antenna working in the frequency band of 2.4-3.2 GHz, as shown in FIG. 1. Figures 5a to 5b As shown in FIG. 2, design A is obtained from initial structure A by optimization. Figure 5c As shown in FIG. 3, the -10 dB impedance bandwidth of design A is 2.47-2.91 GHz. Based on initial structure A, an additional 10 optimization attempts are made, but no better results are obtained. Design A can be regarded as the best result obtained based on initial structure A through several optimization attempts. One of the important constraints limiting the design performance is the initial structure. Based on the current initial structure, it is difficult to further improve the performance of the obtained design. The current initial structure A has a relatively large pixel element size, which leads to limited design freedom and further limits the final performance of the design.

[0086] Further, due to the physical limitations of initial structure A, design A fails to meet the design target. In order to further improve the design performance, initial structure B is updated, as shown in FIG. 4. Before the geometric optimization process, port 1 and port 10 are selected as the two feeding ports because they are close to the ground and far away from each other. The obtained design B is as shown in FIG. 5, and its S parameters are as shown in FIG. 6. Figure 6a Figure 6b Design B has good isolation and impedance bandwidth, and its -10 dB impedance bandwidth is 2.45-3.20 GHz, which is greatly improved compared with design A, but still fails to meet the design target. The optimization process attempts an additional 10 times, but still fails to find a better result. It is considered that design B has reached the performance limit of initial structure B. If further improvement of the design performance is needed, it is necessary to further update the initial structure. In the previous steps, the design freedom is increased and the final performance of the initial structure is improved by reducing the size of the pixel element. Here, an alternative strategy is adopted to further improve the final performance of the initial structure by increasing the size of the entire pixel area. Design C obtained from initial structure C and its shape vector x are as shown in FIG. 7. The S parameter simulation of design C is as shown in FIG. 8. Figure 6c

[0087] Design B has good isolation and impedance bandwidth, and its -10 dB impedance bandwidth is 2.45-3.20 GHz, which is greatly improved compared with design A, but still fails to meet the design target. The optimization process attempts an additional 10 times, but still fails to find a better result. It is considered that design B has reached the performance limit of initial structure B. If further improvement of the design performance is needed, it is necessary to further update the initial structure. In the previous steps, the design freedom is increased and the final performance of the initial structure is improved by reducing the size of the pixel element. Here, an alternative strategy is adopted to further improve the final performance of the initial structure by increasing the size of the entire pixel area. Design C obtained from initial structure C and its shape vector x are as shown in FIG. 7. The S parameter simulation of design C is as shown in FIG. 8. Figures 7a to 7b Figure 7c As can be seen, design C shows good isolation and impedance bandwidth performance in the target frequency band. Its -10 dB impedance bandwidth reaches 2.35-3.42 GHz, i.e., a relative bandwidth of 37.2%, fully meeting the design target. Therefore, the excellent performance of the pixel antenna design method described above is fully verified. As shown in the design framework, a pixel antenna with excellent performance is successfully designed.

[0088] ​​​The present embodiment uses the proposed pixel antenna design method to successfully design a dual-port pixel antenna, which exhibits excellent isolation and impedance bandwidth in the target frequency band. In the design process, the initial pixel structure is gradually updated to improve the performance of the final antenna. From initial structure A to initial structure B to initial structure C, the performance of the final design gradually improves, and design C meets the design target. Antenna designs A, B and C are the best designs obtained after 10 optimizations based on initial structures A, B and C respectively. In order to more comprehensively evaluate the performance of the initial structure, 10 optimizations are performed on the three initial pixel structures respectively; in Figure 8 which the best designs of initial structures A, B and C are also marked. Through this comparison, it is clear that the performance of initial structures A to B to C gradually improves, and compared with initial structure A, initial structure B provides increased design freedom, resulting in improved design performance; in addition, compared with initial structure B, the increase in size of initial structure C further improves the physical performance of the antenna.

[0089] As can be seen, by optimizing the defined objective function, the present embodiment can gradually adjust and optimize the initial pixel structure to achieve a pixel antenna design with excellent performance. The evolution of designs A, B and C demonstrates the importance of the initial pixel structure, and through the optimization of increased freedom and physical parameters, an excellent antenna design that meets the design target is ultimately obtained; by comprehensively using full electromagnetic simulation and optimization algorithms, a dual-port pixel antenna with a wide bandwidth and good isolation in the specified frequency band is achieved. The robustness and effectiveness of the method are fully verified by simulation and experimental results.

[0090] It should be noted that although the method operations of the above-described embodiments are described in a particular, sequential order, this is not necessarily to be understood as a strict sequential or order-dependent process, nor to mean that all illustrated operations are necessary for the practice of the alternative embodiments. In other words, the depicted order or sequential arrangement of steps can often be modified in various ways. For example, additional steps can be added or removed, steps can be rearranged relative to each other, steps can be performed in parallel, and / or one or more steps can be performed at different times, with other steps performed either prior to and / or subsequent to those steps. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps can be performed by different entities in different embodiments.

[0091] Embodiment 2:

[0092] As Figure 9 shown, the present embodiment provides a pixel antenna design system based on adaptive update, which includes a determination module 901, a first acquisition module 902, a definition module 903, an optimization module 904, a second acquisition module 905 and a judgment module 906. The specific description of each module is as follows:

[0093] The determination module 901 is configured to determine an initial pixel antenna structure.

[0094] The first acquisition module 902 is used to perform full electromagnetic simulation on the initial pixel antenna structure and obtain the impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure.

[0095] Define module 903, which is used to define the objective function of the pixel antenna structure;

[0096] Optimization module 904 is used to optimize the objective function using a genetic algorithm to find the optimal connection state of the internal ports of the initial pixel antenna structure;

[0097] The second acquisition module 905 is used to obtain the designed pixel antenna structure based on the impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure and the optimal connection state of the internal ports.

[0098] The judgment module 906 is used to determine whether the performance of the designed pixel antenna structure meets the design target requirements. If so, the designed pixel antenna structure is taken as the final design; otherwise, the initial pixel structure is redesigned and the entire design process is restarted.

[0099] It should be noted that the system provided in this embodiment is only an example of the above-described division of functional modules. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0100] Example 3:

[0101] This embodiment provides a computer device, such as... Figure 10 As shown, it includes a processor 1002, a memory, an input device 1003, a display device 1004, and a network interface 1005 connected via a device bus 1001. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium 1006 and an internal memory 1007. The non-volatile storage medium 1006 stores operating devices, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory 1007 provides an environment for the operation of the operating devices and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. When the processor 1002 executes the computer program stored in the memory, it implements the pixel antenna design method of Embodiment 1 described above, as follows:

[0102] determining an initial pixel antenna structure; performing full electromagnetic simulation on the initial pixel antenna structure to obtain impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure; defining an objective function of the pixel antenna structure; optimizing the objective function by using a genetic algorithm to find an optimal connection state of internal ports of the initial pixel antenna structure; obtaining a design pixel antenna structure according to the impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure and the optimal connection state of the internal ports; and determining whether a performance of the design pixel antenna structure meets a design target requirement, and if so, taking the design pixel antenna structure as a final design, or otherwise redesigning the initial pixel structure and starting the whole design process again.

[0103] Embodiment 4

[0104] The embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the pixel antenna design method in the above embodiment 1, as follows:

[0105] determining an initial pixel antenna structure; performing full electromagnetic simulation on the initial pixel antenna structure to obtain impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure; defining an objective function of the pixel antenna structure; optimizing the objective function by using a genetic algorithm to find an optimal connection state of internal ports of the initial pixel antenna structure; obtaining a design pixel antenna structure according to the impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure and the optimal connection state of the internal ports; and determining whether a performance of the design pixel antenna structure meets a design target requirement, and if so, taking the design pixel antenna structure as a final design, or otherwise redesigning the initial pixel structure and starting the whole design process again.

[0106] It should be noted that the computer readable storage medium of the embodiment can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. The computer readable storage medium may, for example, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or apparatus, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium can include, but are not limited to, an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0107] In this embodiment, the computer readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that includes or stores a program, which can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this embodiment, the computer readable signal medium can include a computer readable program that is communicated, propagated or transported, for example, over a computer readable medium, in a baseband or as part of a carrier, such as a carrier wave. Computer readable signal media can take many forms, including but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical or any suitable combination of these. Computer readable signal media can be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate or transport programs for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device. Programs included or carried by the computer readable storage medium maybe transmitted, propagated or transported in any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wire line, optical, acoustic or any suitable combination of these.

[0108] The computer readable storage medium described above can be written in one or more programming languages or combinations of these for executing the computer program of the present embodiment, including object oriented programming languages such as Java, Python, C++ and conventional procedural programming languages such as C language or similar programming languages. The program can be executed entirely on the user computer, partially on the user computer, as an independent software package, partially on the user computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user computer through any kind of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0109] In summary, the present application improves the design performance of the pixel antenna by introducing adaptive updating of the initial pixel antenna structure, and the performance is superior through the dual-port pixel antenna verification. The design flexibility and optimization efficiency are improved by using the adaptive updating of the initial pixel antenna structure. The genetic algorithm is used to study the influence of the initial pixel antenna structure and the pixel element size on the design performance, and the design adaptability and flexibility are enhanced.

[0110] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application within the scope disclosed by the present application, and it still belongs to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pixel antenna design method based on adaptive update, characterized by, The method comprises: determining an initial pixel antenna structure; performing full electromagnetic simulation on the initial pixel antenna structure to obtain impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure; defining an objective function of the pixel antenna structure; optimizing the objective function by using a genetic algorithm to find an optimal connection state of internal ports of the initial pixel antenna structure; obtaining a design pixel antenna structure according to the impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure and the optimal connection state of the internal ports; judging whether the performance of the design pixel antenna structure meets a design target requirement, and if yes, taking the design pixel antenna structure as a final design, or if not, updating the initial pixel antenna structure and starting the entire design process again; the updating of the initial pixel antenna structure refers to reducing the size of each pixel element while keeping the overall area unchanged, and if the updated initial pixel antenna structure does not meet the design target requirement, further updating the initial pixel antenna structure by adding an extra horizontal row and an extra pixel column until the design target requirement is completely met.

2. The pixel antenna design method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the initial pixel antenna specifically comprises: estimating the overall size of the pixel antenna and the size of the pixel element according to the design target to obtain the initial pixel antenna structure.

3. The pixel antenna design method of claim 1, wherein, The impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure are input port impedance matrix parameters, which are calculated as follows: Z in = Z FF - Z FI (Z L (x) + Z II ) -1 Z IF where Z in is the impedance matrix of the input ports, Z FF denotes the impedance matrix of the feed ports, Z II denotes the impedance matrix of the internal ports, Z FI or Z IF denote the mutual impedance matrix between the internal ports and the feed ports, respectively, Z L (x) denotes the impedance matrix of the load end, x denotes the state of all internal ports.

4. The pixel antenna design method of claim 3, wherein, The open-circuit state and short-circuit state of the internal port correspond to a load with resistance value of ∞ and 0 respectively, and the voltage and current of all loads connected to the internal port satisfy -Z L (x)i I = V I .

5. The pixel antenna design method of claim 1, wherein, The definition of the objective function of the pixel antenna structure specifically comprises: defining the objective function of the pixel antenna structure according to the design target and formulating relevant parameters.

6. The pixel antenna design method of claim 5, wherein, The objective function is expressed as follows: where i and j represent port numbers, Q represents the total number of ports, f represents the index of frequency sampling points, T ii and T ij respectively represent the expected threshold of matching and isolation degree, x represents the design variable, G represents the far-field pattern, and Ω represents the spatial angle.

7. The pixel antenna design method of claim 1, wherein, The specific process of the genetic algorithm is as follows: Encode the potential solution of the problem into a binary string to form an initial population; evaluate the pros and cons of each solution by using a fitness function, simulate the natural selection process, and pass the high-quality solution to the next generation; in the iteration process, the genetic algorithm uses crossover operation, i.e. exchanging part of the genes of two parent individuals to generate new offspring individuals; at the same time, the genes of the individuals are randomly changed by mutation operation to explore new areas of the solution space, and the genetic algorithm is iterated until a preset termination condition is met.

8. A pixel antenna design system based on adaptive update, characterized by, The system comprises: a determination module configured to determine an initial pixel antenna structure; a first acquisition module configured to perform full electromagnetic simulation on the initial pixel antenna structure to obtain impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure; a definition module configured to define an objective function of the pixel antenna structure; an optimization module configured to optimize the objective function by using a genetic algorithm to find an optimal connection state of internal ports of the initial pixel antenna structure; a second acquisition module configured to obtain a design pixel antenna structure according to the impedance matrix parameters of the initial pixel antenna structure and the optimal connection state of the internal ports; a judgment module configured to judge whether the performance of the design pixel antenna structure meets a design target requirement, and if yes, take the design pixel antenna structure as a final design, or if not, update the initial pixel antenna structure and start the entire design process again. The updating the initial pixel antenna structure refers to reducing the size of each pixel element while keeping the overall area unchanged, and if the updated initial pixel antenna structure does not meet the design target requirement, the initial pixel antenna structure is further updated by adding an additional horizontal row and an additional pixel column until the design target requirement is completely met.

9. A computer device comprising a processor and a memory for storing a processor executable program, characterized in that, The processor implements the pixel antenna design method in any of claims 1-7 when executing the program stored in the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a program, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to implement the pixel antenna design method in any of claims 1-7.

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