High-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target and accelerator

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of accelerators, and discloses a high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target and an accelerator, the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target comprises an upper shell and a lower shell; the upper shell and the lower shell are fixedly connected through the electronic impact piece, and a disc-shaped cooling medium cavity is formed among the upper shell, the lower shell and the electronic impact piece. The electronic impact part comprises a target area and a heat conduction part, the target area is used for generating X-rays, and the heat conduction part is fixed to the upper shell and the lower shell and used for conducting heat to the upper shell and the lower shell; a spacer is arranged between the upper shell and the lower shell and divides the cooling medium cavity into an inflow cavity and an outflow cavity, the inflow cavity is located on the side, close to the lower shell, of the spacer, and the outflow cavity is located on the side, close to the upper shell, of the spacer; the disc-shaped water path is adopted in the rotating target, so that the heat exchange efficiency of cooling and heat dissipation of the rotating disc is improved, the cooling and heat dissipation effect is improved, the uniform degree of contact between the disc-shaped circulating water path and the peripheral wall of the inner side of the electronic impact piece is high, and the heat dissipation effect on the electronic impact piece is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of accelerators, and in particular relates to a high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target and an accelerator. Background Art

[0002] Flash radiotherapy is a radiotherapy method that delivers ultra-high doses of radiation to tumors in a short period of time. Its dose rate is hundreds of times higher than that of conventional radiotherapy. This radiotherapy method can effectively increase the damage to tumor cell DNA, improve the treatment effect, and significantly reduce the toxic side effects of normal tissues; therefore, Flash radiotherapy has great application prospects. The basic principle of ultra-high dose rate X-rays is braking radiation or bremsstrahlung, that is, by bombarding the metal target with an accelerated high-energy and high-current electron beam, the electrons suddenly decelerate and convert their kinetic energy into electromagnetic radiation, forming a series of continuous wavelength X-ray spectra.

[0003] In order to improve the efficiency and quality of X-rays generated by high-energy linear accelerators, a rotating conversion target device is specially designed; for example, the Chinese patent with application number CN202110771076.4 discloses a water-cooled rotating radiation conversion target for high-energy microfocus X-rays, including a translation component that moves horizontally in the vertical direction of the target surface, a rotation drive component arranged on the translation component, a radiation conversion target that is transmission-connected to the output end of the rotation drive component, and a vacuum chamber sleeved outside the radiation conversion target, wherein the radiation conversion target is provided with a cooling water path for cooling the radiation conversion target, and a magnetic fluid sealing component for sealing the cooling water path is provided between the rotation drive component and the vacuum chamber. By adding a water-cooled cooling water path to the radiation conversion target disk, the radiation conversion target disk is water-cooled to dissipate heat to protect the radiation conversion target; by providing a magnetic fluid sealing component that can transmit the effect of rotational motion between the atmosphere and the vacuum environment, it is ensured that the added cooling water path always maintains a sealed state during the rotation of the radiation conversion target disk, thereby realizing the normal operation of the radiation conversion target.

[0004] However, since the rotating target design in the above patent adopts two axial central water inlet and outlet pipes and two radial single inlet and single outlet water pipes, together with the circular water channel inside the target plate, it constitutes a cooling water channel. When the above design model adopts an annular channel as the water channel, the water needs to pass through the annular water channel on the side of the target plate from the water inlet to the water outlet to achieve a replacement of cooling water. The heat conduction capacity is insufficient, and the volume of the annular water channel is small, resulting in less water available for heat exchange inside the target. Therefore, there is a problem of poor cooling and heat dissipation effect of the rotating target in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target and accelerator, which solves the problem of poor cooling and heat dissipation effect of the rotating target in the prior art.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target, comprising an upper housing and a lower housing; The upper housing and the lower housing are fixedly connected by an electron impact member, and a disk-shaped cooling medium chamber is formed between the upper housing, the lower housing and the electron impact member; The electron impact member includes a target area and a heat conduction part. The target area is used to generate X-rays, and the heat conduction part is attached to the target area to transfer the heat of the target area; A spacer is provided between the upper housing and the lower housing. The spacer divides the cooling medium chamber into an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber. The inflow chamber is located on the side of the spacer close to the lower housing, and the outflow chamber is located on the side of the spacer close to the upper housing. And the inflow chamber and the outflow chamber are connected through at the end close to the electron impact member; A medium inlet for injecting cooling medium is provided on the side of the spacer close to the upper housing. The medium inlet is connected to the inflow chamber, and a medium outlet for the cooling medium to flow out is provided on the upper housing; A plurality of flow guide bars are provided between the spacer and the lower housing. The plurality of flow guide bars are annularly distributed around the central axis of the medium inlet. The flow guide bars all extend horizontally from the end close to the central axis of the medium inlet to the end of the electron impact member. A flow guide channel is formed between any two adjacent flow guide bars. The upper and lower end faces of the flow guide bars are respectively fixed to the spacer and the lower housing; In the direction extending from the central axis end of the medium inlet to the electron impact member, the width of the flow guide channel is a fixed value or gradually decreases; A buffer part fixed to the lower housing is provided in the cooling medium chamber. The buffer part is in a conical shape located directly below the medium inlet, and the diameter of the buffer part gradually increases from the end close to the upper housing to the end close to the lower housing; A conical groove recessed towards the upper housing is provided on the lower end face of the spacer close to the buffer part, and the top of the buffer part extends into the conical groove; The end of the flow guide bar far from the electron impact member is located outside the conical surface of the buffer part; Fixing blocks are fixed to the ends of the flow guide bars close to the electron impact member, and the fixing blocks are all in close contact with the upper housing and the lower housing; The heat conduction part is made of copper material; A support tube is fixed to the upper housing. Both ends of the support tube are open. The lower end of the support tube is connected to the outflow chamber, and the support tube is coaxially placed with the cooling medium chamber; The lower housing is provided with a support part for installing a support shaft. The central axes of the support tube and the support part are collinear with the central axis of the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target.

[0007] An accelerator, comprising a high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target.

[0008] Advantages of the present invention: 1. In the present invention, the spacer divides the disc-shaped cooling medium chamber into an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber, forming a disc-shaped circulating water path inside the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target. The water path for accommodating the cooling medium in the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target is increased from the annular water path in the prior art to a disc-shaped water path, increasing the heat exchange efficiency of the rotating disc for cooling and heat dissipation, and improving the cooling and heat dissipation effect; Moreover, the central axes of the medium inlet and the medium outlet are equidistant from all parts of the electron impact member, and the disc-shaped circulating water path has a high degree of uniformity in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the electron impact member, effectively improving the heat dissipation effect on the electron impact member; 2. Through the setting of the buffer part, not only the impact generated when injecting the cooling medium is buffered, but at the same time, the buffer part can effectively improve the water inlet guiding property, facilitating the injected water to diffuse to the peripheral side along the peripheral wall of the buffer part, increasing the water inlet flow rate, and at the same time reducing the possibility of water injection backflow, making the water flow more smoothly along the circulating water path. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0010] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from different perspectives; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure at the guide strip of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure at the buffer part of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the water flow rate result inside the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target in the experiment; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the water flow rate result inside the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target in the experiment; Figure 7 is a top view schematic diagram of the temperature distribution result of the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target in the experiment; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the temperature distribution result inside the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target in the experiment; Figure 9 is a top view schematic diagram of the total stress distribution result of the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target in the experiment; Figure 10It is a schematic diagram of the total stress distribution inside the liquid-cooled rotating target of the X-ray in the high-energy accelerator during the experiment; Figure 11 It is a top view schematic diagram of the displacement magnitude result of the liquid-cooled rotating target of the X-ray in the high-energy accelerator during the experiment; Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the displacement magnitude result inside the liquid-cooled rotating target of the X-ray in the high-energy accelerator during the experiment; Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the water flow velocity result inside the rotating target in the prior art during the experiment; Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature distribution result inside the rotating target in the prior art during the experiment; Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the total stress distribution result inside the rotating target in the prior art during the experiment; Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the displacement magnitude result inside the rotating target in the prior art during the experiment. Detailed implementation manners

[0011] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, a liquid-cooled rotating target for X-ray of a high-energy accelerator includes an upper housing 200 and a lower housing 201; The upper housing 200 and the lower housing 201 are fixedly connected through an electron impact member, and a disk-shaped cooling medium chamber 202 is formed between the upper housing 200, the lower housing 201 and the electron impact member.

[0013] The electron impact member includes a target area 300 and a heat conduction part 100. The target area 300 is used to generate X-rays, and the heat conduction part 100 is attached to the target area 300 to transfer the heat of the target area 300.

[0014] A spacer 600 is provided between the upper housing 200 and the lower housing 201. The spacer 600 divides the cooling medium chamber 202 into an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber. The inflow chamber is located on the side of the spacer 600 close to the lower housing 201, and the outflow chamber is located on the side of the spacer 600 close to the upper housing 200, and the inflow chamber and the outflow chamber are connected through at the end close to the electron impact member.

[0015] One side of the spacer 600 close to the upper housing 200 is provided with a medium inlet for injecting a cooling medium. The medium inlet is connected to the inflow cavity in a through manner. The upper housing 200 is provided with a medium outlet for the cooling medium to flow out. The medium outlet communicates the outflow cavity with the outside, and the central axes of the medium inlet and the medium outlet are equidistant from all parts of the electron impact member.

[0016] Preferably, both the upper housing 200 and the lower housing 201 are in a disc shape, and the upper housing 200 and the lower housing 201 are coaxially arranged. The electron impact member is fixedly sleeved outside the upper housing 200 and the lower housing 201 in a ring shape, and the electron impact member is coaxially arranged with the upper housing 200.

[0017] In the present invention, the spacer 600 divides the disc-shaped cooling medium chamber 202 into an inflow cavity and an outflow cavity, so that a disc-shaped circulating water path is formed inside the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target. The water path for accommodating the cooling medium in the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target is increased from the annular water path in the prior art to a disc-shaped water path, increasing the heat exchange efficiency of the rotating disc for cooling and heat dissipation and improving the cooling and heat dissipation effect.

[0018] Moreover, the central axes of the medium inlet and the medium outlet are equidistant from all parts of the electron impact member, and the disc-shaped circulating water path has a high degree of contact uniformity with the inner peripheral wall of the electron impact member, effectively improving the heat dissipation effect on the electron impact member.

[0019] Preferably, a support pipe 400 is fixed on the upper housing 200. Both ends of the support pipe 400 are open. The lower end of the support pipe 400 communicates with the outflow cavity, and the support pipe 400 is coaxially arranged with the cooling medium chamber 202; An inlet pipe 700 is provided on the spacer 600. The inlet pipe 700 is coaxially arranged with the support pipe 400. Both the upper and lower ends of the inlet pipe 700 are open. The lower end of the inlet pipe 700 is connected to the inflow cavity in a through manner, and the outer peripheral wall diameter of the inlet pipe 700 is smaller than the inner peripheral wall diameter of the support pipe 400. The annular space between the support pipe 400 and the inlet pipe 700 forms the medium outlet.

[0020] Preferably, the inlet pipe 700 can be fixed to the spacer 600. At this time, the inlet pipe 700 is rotatably connected to the external water pipe. Of course, the inlet pipe 700 can also be rotatably connected to the spacer 600. It should be noted that when the spacer 600 is rotatably connected to the inlet pipe 700, a lubricating member 900 can be fixedly sleeved on the inlet pipe 700. The outer peripheral wall of the lubricating member 900 contacts the spacer 600. Preferably, the lubricating member 900 is made of graphite material.

[0021] To increase the flow rate of the cooling medium flowing into the cavity, a plurality of flow guiding strips 501 are provided between the spacer 600 and the lower housing 201. The plurality of flow guiding strips 501 are annularly distributed around the central axis of the medium inlet. The flow guiding strips 501 all extend horizontally from the end close to the central axis of the medium inlet towards the electron impact member. A flow guiding channel is formed between any two adjacent flow guiding strips 501. The upper and lower end faces of the flow guiding strips 501 are respectively fixed to the spacer 600 and the lower housing 201. The flow guiding strips 501 provide support for the spacer 600 to ensure the stability of the entire target disk structure. By setting the flow guiding channels, the flow rate of the circulating water path is increased, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target.

[0022] Since there will be a backflow phenomenon in the direction of the cooling medium from the medium inlet to the electron impact member, and the phenomenon is more obvious closer to the electron impact member, by arranging the flow guiding strips 501 between the lower housing 200 and the spacer 600, the coolant can be separated, thereby weakening the backflow phenomenon. Therefore, the design of the flow guiding strips 501 can also reduce the backflow effect of the cooling medium to a certain extent.

[0023] In the direction extending from the central axis of the medium inlet towards the electron impact member, the width of the flow guiding channel is a fixed value or gradually decreases; effectively ensuring the flow rate of the water flow in the flow guiding channel; Preferably, the corresponding central angle of the flow guiding strip 501 on the side close to the medium inlet is 7°, and the corresponding central angle of the flow guiding strip 501 on the side close to the electron impact member is 5°. This design can increase the flow rate of the coolant in the target area while gradually reducing the area of the cooling medium channel. At the same time, because the change in flow rate is relatively gentle and the acceleration is small, the change in pressure drop is also gentle, which is beneficial to protecting the water impact safety of the rotating target and has little impact on the overall performance of the equipment.

[0024] A buffer portion 800 fixed to the lower housing 201 is provided in the cooling medium chamber 202. The buffer portion 800 is in a conical shape located directly below the medium inlet, and the diameter of the buffer portion 800 gradually increases from the end close to the upper housing 200 towards the end close to the lower housing 201. The impact of injecting the cooling medium at the medium inlet on the lower housing 201 is buffered by the conical buffer portion 800, effectively reducing the deformation amount and expansion displacement of the lower housing 201, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0025] A tapered groove recessed towards the upper housing 200 is provided on the lower end face of the spacer 600 close to the buffer portion 800. The top of the buffer portion 800 extends into the tapered groove; making the upper end of the buffer portion 800 higher than the flow guiding channel, effectively reducing the backflow phenomenon when the cooling medium is injected.

[0026] The end of the flow guiding bar 501 away from the electron impact part is located outside the conical surface of the buffer part 800; since the flow velocity of the cooling medium in the area below the medium inlet is relatively high and there is no need to increase the flow velocity by the flow diversion of the flow guiding bar 501; if the starting end of the flow guiding bar 501 is set on the conical surface of the buffer part 800, it will cause a reduction in the amount of cooling medium used for heat exchange outside the flow guiding channel. The present invention takes into account both the flow velocity of the cooling medium and the amount of cooling medium used for heat exchange, and maximally ensures the heat dissipation effect.

[0027] Fixing blocks 500 are fixed to the ends of the flow guiding bar 501 close to the electron impact part, and the fixing blocks 500 are all tightly attached to the upper housing 200 and the lower housing 201; by restricting the radial diffusion volume of the cooling medium through the flow guiding bar 501, according to the principle of fluid mechanics, when the flow rate of the cooling medium remains unchanged, the flow velocity of the cooling medium near the outer side of the rotating target will increase accordingly. Therefore, by arranging the fixing blocks 500 in contact with the upper housing 200 and the lower housing 201, the heat dissipation effect of the target area 300 can be improved, and the fast-flowing cooling medium can more efficiently exchange heat with the target area 300 and the heat conduction part 100, achieving the improvement of the heat dissipation effect while ensuring the flow velocity.

[0028] The heat conduction part 100 is made of copper material; improving the heat conduction effect and further improving the heat dissipation effect of the X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target of the high-energy accelerator.

[0029] The lower housing 201 is provided with a support part 203 for installing the support shaft, and the central axes of the support pipe 400 and the support part 203 are both collinear with the central axis of the X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target of the high-energy accelerator; the support pipe 400 is used for driving connection with the motor to provide rotational power for the target disk, and the support part 203 is used for connecting the support shaft. The support pipe 400 and the support shaft are coaxially placed, so as to realize the support on both sides of the X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target of the high-energy accelerator and effectively ensure the dynamic balance of the X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target of the high-energy accelerator under high-speed rotation.

[0030] An X-ray accelerator includes an X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target of a high-energy accelerator.

[0031] It should be noted that the X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target of the high-energy accelerator involved in the present invention is applicable to various accelerators that can generate X-rays, such as linear accelerators and synchrotrons.

[0032] In this application, through simulation experiments, experimental detection is carried out on the flow velocity, temperature distribution, total stress distribution, displacement distribution, etc. of the cooling medium flow inside the X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target of the high-energy accelerator. Water is used as the cooling medium in the experiment, and the experimental results and analysis are as follows: To improve the calculation efficiency, in this experiment, the heat deposition power of the X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target of the high-energy accelerator is set to 300w, the water injection flow rate is 5L / min, and the rotation speed of the X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target of the high-energy accelerator is 3000rpm; Turbulence spf): Formula (1) represents the density of the fluid, is the velocity vector of the fluid, refers to the gradient operator, I is the unit matrix, and is a momentum equation in conservation form, describing the change in fluid velocity field caused by the viscous stress tensor k and the external force F; Equation (2) is the continuity equation, indicating that the fluid mass is conserved in the absence of sources or sinks; Equation (3) defines the stress tensor k of turbulence, where represents the molecular viscosity, is the turbulent viscosity, is the average velocity gradient, is its transpose; Equations (4) and (5) are the definitions of the Reynolds number, which are used to despise the ratio of the inertial force to the viscous force of the flow, where is the local Reynolds number, is the characteristic length scale, is the reference speed, is the dimensionless velocity, is the dimensionless length scale; Equations (6) and (7) are the turbulent characteristic diffusion equations, is the velocity gradient vector, which indicates the fastest changing direction and rate, and describes the rate of change of fluid velocity with space. represents fluid viscosity and turbulence intensity; Equation (8) gives the turbulent viscosity Molecular viscosity and the relationship between turbulent viscosity and dimensionless velocity of the changing relationship.

[0033] Heat transfer between solids and fluids: Q=-k in is the material density (kg / m3), is the material specific heat capacity (J / kg·K), u is the velocity vector (m / s), is the temperature gradient, which indicates the rate of temperature change over space. is the heat flux divergence, indicating the rate of heat dissipation (W / m³), Q is the heat consumption rate (W / m³), represents the thermal energy deposition of the rotating target in the electron-X-ray conversion process (W / m³), q is the heat flux vector, which represents the heat flow per unit area (W / m³), and k is the thermal conductivity of the material (W / m·K).

[0034] Solid Mechanics: where is the material density (kg / m³), is the acceleration vector (m / s²), ∇·S is the divergence of the stress tensor, representing the rate of change of stress within the object (N / m³), is the external force per unit volume (N / m³).

[0035] Solid mechanics, solid heat transfer coupled with the physical field of thermal expansion: where is the thermal strain, representing the proportion of the change in the length of the material due to temperature change, is the linear coefficient of thermal expansion (1 / K), representing the proportion of the change in length per unit temperature change during heating of the material, T is the current temperature (°C), is the reference temperature for thermal expansion calculation (°C).

[0036] From the calculation results of the physical field of turbulence in the solid module of the finite element analysis software spf), it can be seen that in the working environment with an injection water flow rate of 5 L / min, the maximum flow velocity inside the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target is located at the inclined plane of the water inlet pipe 700 and the buffer part 800 and the diversion channel, and the water flow velocity in the other areas is below 1 m / s. The water flow velocity inside the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target is as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown; From the calculation results of the physical field of heat transfer from solid to fluid (ht), turbulence physical field and non-isothermal flow coupled physical field in the solid module of the finite element analysis software, it can be seen that the high temperature of the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target is mainly concentrated at the electron bombardment target area 300. Under the working conditions of a heat deposition power of 300 W, a rotating target speed of 3000 rpm, and a water flow rate of 5 L / min, the temperature of the electron bombardment target area 300 is 25 °C, the temperature of the heat conduction part is 24.5 °C and below, and the temperature of the materials in other parts hardly rises. The temperature distribution inside the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target under the working conditions of a heat deposition power of 300 W, a rotating target speed of 3000 rpm, and a water flow rate of 5 L / min is as Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown; Based on the simulation calculation results of the physical fields of solid-fluid heat transfer (ht), solid mechanics, and thermal expansion coupling by the solid module of the finite element analysis software, the following conclusions can be drawn: The overall stress inside the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target basically remains within the range of [0, 20] MPa. The actual stress borne by the designed material is much lower than its tensile strength limit, thus ensuring the safety and stability of the structure. Therefore, it can be considered that the material selection in the current design scheme is reasonable and can meet the expected working conditions and performance requirements. The total stress distribution of the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target under the working conditions of a heat deposition power of 300 W, a rotating target speed of 3000 rpm, and a water flow rate of 5 L / min is as Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown; Based on the simulation calculation results of the physical fields of turbulence, solid-fluid heat transfer (ht), solid mechanics, thermal expansion coupling, and non-isothermal flow coupling by the solid module of the finite element analysis software, the following conclusions can be drawn: The expansion displacement of the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target is mainly concentrated in the electron beam bombardment target area 300 and the nearby heat conduction part 100 area. The maximum displacement magnitude is 10 -2 mm, which is much smaller than the thickness of the material and will not have a significant impact on the overall structural stability of the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target. The displacement distribution of the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target under the working conditions of a heat deposition power of 300 W, a rotating target speed of 3000 rpm, and a water flow rate of 5 L / min is as Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown; In summary, from the current simulation results, the design of the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target can effectively address the stress and deformation problems caused by temperature changes, thus ensuring its good performance and reliability in practical applications.

[0037] Based on the Chinese patent rotating target disk with the application number CN202110771076.4, under the working conditions of a heat deposition power of 300 W, a rotating target speed of 3000 rpm, and a water flow rate of 5 L / min, according to the simulation calculation results of the physical fields of solid-fluid heat transfer (ht), solid mechanics, and thermal expansion coupling by the solid module of the finite element analysis software (as Figures 13 to 16As shown in the figure, the following conclusions can be drawn: The overall stress inside the rotating target basically remains within the range of [0, 1500] MPa. By querying the data, it is known that the maximum stress of tungsten is 1510 MPa and that of copper is 220 MPa. The maximum stress in the working environment is concentrated in the tungsten-copper alloy target area. The maximum liquid cooling flow rate at this strength is 3 m / s, located in the water inlet area, and the temperature is 28 DegC, located in the tungsten-copper alloy target area. According to the simulation calculation results of the solid module software of the finite element analysis software for the turbulent physical field, the solid-fluid heat transfer (ht) physical field, the solid mechanics physical field, the thermal expansion coupling physical field, and the non-isothermal flow coupling physical field, the following conclusions can be drawn: The expansion displacement of the high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target is mainly concentrated in the electron beam bombardment target area and its nearby heat conduction area. The maximum displacement magnitude is 0.13 mm, and it can be seen from the figure that there is generally an expansion displacement of 0.08 mm or more on the target disk. It can be seen that the high-energy X-ray rotating target in the present invention can effectively improve the heat dissipation effect of the target disk compared with the Chinese patent with the application number CN202110771076.4. At the same time, it can greatly improve the performance of the target disk in terms of dynamic balance, load-bearing capacity, stability, operation accuracy, and service life.

[0038] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0039] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A high energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target, comprising an upper shell (200) and a lower shell (201), characterized in that: The upper shell (200) and the lower shell (201) are fixedly connected via an electron impact member, and a disc-shaped cooling medium chamber (202) is formed between the upper shell (200), the lower shell (201) and the electron impact member; The electron impact part comprises a target area (300) and a heat conduction part (100); the target area (300) is used to generate X-rays; the heat conduction part (100) is attached to the target area (300) to transfer heat of the target area (300); A spacer (600) is provided between the upper shell (200) and the lower shell (201), and the spacer (600) divides the cooling medium chamber (202) into an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber, the inflow chamber is located on a side of the spacer (600) close to the lower shell (201), the outflow chamber is located on a side of the spacer (600) close to the upper shell (200), and the inflow chamber and the outflow chamber are connected through at an end close to the electron impactor; A medium inlet for injecting cooling medium is provided on one side of the spacer (600) close to the upper shell (200), the medium inlet is connected to the inflow cavity, and a medium outlet for the cooling medium to flow out is provided on the upper shell (200).

2. The high energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of guide bars (501) are provided between the spacer (600) and the lower shell (201); the plurality of guide bars (501) are distributed in a ring shape around the central axis of the medium inlet; the guide bars (501) extend horizontally from the end close to the central axis of the medium inlet to the end of the electron impact piece; a guide channel is formed between any two adjacent guide bars (501); and the upper and lower end surfaces of the guide bars (501) are respectively fixed to the spacer (600) and the lower shell (201).

3. The high energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the direction extending from the central axis end of the medium inlet to the electron impact member, the width of the guide channel is a constant value or gradually decreases.

4. The high energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target according to claim 3, characterized in that: A buffer portion (800) fixed to the lower shell (201) is provided in the cooling medium chamber (202); the buffer portion (800) is in a conical shape and is located directly below the medium inlet; and the diameter of the buffer portion (800) gradually increases from the end close to the upper shell (200) to the end close to the lower shell (201).

5. The high energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target according to claim 4, characterized in that: A conical groove recessed toward the upper shell (200) end is provided on the lower end surface of the spacer (600) close to the buffer portion (800), and the top of the buffer portion (800) extends into the conical groove.

6. The high energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the guide strip (501) away from the electron impact member is located outside the conical surface of the buffer portion (800).

7. The high energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixing block (500) is fixed to each end of the guide bar (501) close to the electron impact member, and the fixing block (500) is tightly attached to the upper shell (200) and the lower shell (201).

8. The high energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat conducting part (100) is made of copper material.

9. The high energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target according to claim 7, characterized in that: A support tube (400) is fixed on the upper shell (200), both ends of the support tube (400) are open, the lower end of the support tube (400) is connected to the outflow cavity, and the support tube (400) and the cooling medium chamber (202) are placed coaxially; The lower shell (201) is provided with a support portion (203) for mounting a support shaft, and the central axes of the support tube (400) and the support portion (203) are both colinear with the central axis of a high-energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target.

10. An accelerator, characterized in that: The invention comprises the high energy accelerator X-ray liquid-cooled rotating target as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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