Vegetable waste in-situ returning rotary tillage device and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of farming machinery, and discloses a vegetable waste in-situ field returning rotary tillage device and a method thereof.The device comprises a rotary cultivator body connected with a tractor, a crushing roller and a controller are arranged on the rotary cultivator body, and a rotary tillage tool bit is arranged on the crushing roller; the rotary cultivator main body is also provided with a mud baffle on one side of the crushing roller, and a driving motor arranged on the rotary cultivator main body is in transmission connection with the crushing roller; an anti-winding structure is arranged on the crushing roller and comprises a plurality of spiral protrusions evenly distributed in the axial direction of the crushing roller, the surfaces of the spiral protrusions are smooth, and the screw pitches of the spiral protrusions are gradually increased from the center of the crushing roller to the two ends of the crushing roller. By arranging the anti-winding structure, winding of vegetable waste and weeds on the crushing roller can be effectively reduced, the surfaces of the spiral protrusions are smooth, and waste attachment is reduced; and the screw pitch is gradually increased from the center of the crushing roller to the two ends, so that sundries on the crushing roller are easier to fall off from the crushing roller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly to a rotary tillage device and method for in-situ returning of vegetable waste to the field. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the rapid development of the vegetable industry, the treatment of vegetable waste has become a key problem to be solved urgently. The waste generated in the processes of vegetable planting, harvesting, transportation and processing accounts for about one-third of the total output; these wastes are rich in dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients. If not utilized and directly discarded or landfilled, it is undoubtedly a great waste of resources.

[0003] Meanwhile, the environmental pressure brought by a large amount of vegetable waste is becoming increasingly severe. The randomly stacked waste not only occupies a large amount of precious land and space, affecting the field working environment and the beauty of the countryside, but also produces leachate containing harmful substances during the natural decomposition process. These leachates seep into the soil, destroying the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the microbial community structure. Flowing into water bodies will cause a series of environmental problems such as water eutrophication. More seriously, vegetable waste is extremely easy to become a breeding ground for germs and pests. For example, the pathogenic bacteria and pest eggs remaining on vegetable straws multiply in large numbers during the stacking period, seriously threatening the next season's vegetable planting and forcing farmers to increase the use of pesticides, further aggravating environmental pollution.

[0004] In addition, for a long time, traditional agricultural production has relied too much on chemical fertilizers, which has led to adverse consequences such as soil compaction and reduced soil fertility; the emergence of the technology of in-situ returning of vegetable waste to the field has brought new hope for improving the soil environment and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture; by returning vegetable waste to the field in-situ, the organic matter content in the soil can be significantly increased, the soil structure can be effectively improved, and the water retention, fertilizer retention capacity and air permeability of the soil can be improved, thereby creating an excellent soil environment for vegetable growth, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and lowering the production cost.

[0005] However, during the process of in-situ returning of vegetable waste to the field, when using a rotary tiller connected to a tractor to plow the planting land, many problems are often faced; for example, during the plowing process, because there are often too many weeds growing on the land, these weeds are extremely easy to entangle on the crushing rollers of the rotary tiller. As the amount of entanglement increases, the equipment will eventually get stuck, seriously affecting the tillage efficiency and making the work of in-situ returning of vegetable waste to the field unable to proceed smoothly; this problem severely restricts the popularization and application of the technology of in-situ returning of vegetable waste to the field. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rotary tillage device and method that can effectively solve the problem of weed entanglement and better realize the in-situ returning of vegetable waste to the field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary tillage device and method for in-situ returning of vegetable waste to solve the technical problem of weed entanglement.

[0007] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A rotary tillage device for in-situ returning of vegetable waste to the field, comprising a rotary tillage machine main body connected to a tractor. A crushing roller and a controller are arranged on the rotary tillage machine main body, and rotary tillage cutter heads are arranged on the crushing roller. A fender is further arranged on one side of the rotary tillage machine main body where the crushing roller is located, and a driving motor arranged on the rotary tillage machine main body is in transmission connection with the crushing roller;

[0009] An anti-winding structure is arranged on the crushing roller. The anti-winding structure includes a plurality of helical protrusions evenly distributed along the axial direction of the crushing roller. The surface of the helical protrusion is smooth and its pitch gradually increases from the center of the crushing roller to both ends.

[0010] In a further aspect, an auxiliary anti-winding mechanism is further arranged on the rotary tillage machine main body. The auxiliary anti-winding mechanism includes:

[0011] A detection component for detecting the thickness of weeds wound on the crushing roller;

[0012] An impact component for impacting weeds when the thickness of weeds detected by the detection component reaches a set threshold;

[0013] A cleaning component for cleaning the crushing roller.

[0014] In a further aspect, the detection component includes: an infrared sensor. The infrared sensor is installed on the rotary tillage machine main body, and the infrared sensors are distributed at the middle position and / or corresponding positions at both ends of the crushing roller. The emission direction of the infrared sensor is perpendicular to the surface of the crushing roller.

[0015] In a further aspect, the impact component includes: an impact head. The impact head is arranged on the rotary tillage machine main body, and the impact head faces the outer surface of the crushing roller. The impact head is a spray head. The spray head is connected to a water tank through a flexible connecting pipe. A water pump is arranged in the water tank for pressurizing and supplying the water in the water tank to the spray head. The water tank is arranged outside the rotary tillage machine main body;

[0016] There are two spray heads corresponding to the middle position of the crushing roller. The two spray heads are distributed in an inverted V shape, and a transverse adjusting member is arranged between the two spray heads for adjusting the included angle between the two spray heads.

[0017] In a further solution, the lateral adjustment member includes a bidirectional lead screw. Collars are sleeved on both ends of the bidirectional lead screw respectively. The collars are in screw drive connection with the bidirectional lead screw. A limit slider is fixedly arranged on one side of each collar. One end of the limit slider is slidably installed on a chute frame. The chute frame is fixed on the main body of the rotary tiller. The two nozzles are connected to the two collars in one-to-one correspondence. One end of the bidirectional lead screw is in drive connection with a driving motor. The driving motor is fixed on the chute frame.

[0018] In a further solution, the cleaning assembly includes a cleaning brush, a crank-rocker mechanism and a driving wheel. The cleaning brush is installed on a mounting arm that rotates around a fixed shaft. The fixed shaft is fixed on the inner side wall of the mudguard. The mounting arm is connected to the driving wheel through the crank-rocker mechanism. The driving wheel is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft of the crushing roller through a chain or a gear. The driving wheel is rotatably installed on the main body of the rotary tiller, so that when the crushing roller rotates, it can drive the driving wheel to rotate synchronously. When the crushing roller rotates, the driving wheel converts the circular motion into the swing of the mounting arm through the crank-rocker mechanism, and then drives the cleaning brush to swing at a set angle to clean the surface of the crushing roller.

[0019] In a further solution, the bristles of the cleaning brush are detachably fixed on the body of the cleaning brush.

[0020] In a further solution, a flow regulating valve is arranged on the flexible connecting pipe between the water tank and the nozzle. The flow regulating valve is electrically connected to the controller.

[0021] A method for in-situ returning of vegetable waste to the field by rotary tillage includes the following steps:

[0022] S1. Firmly connect the rotary tillage device to the tractor, check the water level in the water tank, the connection of each component and the electrical system of the equipment to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

[0023] S2. Start the tractor and the driving motor of the rotary tillage device to make the crushing roller and the rotary tillage cutter head operate, and start the in-situ returning and rotary tillage operation of the vegetable waste. During this process, the anti-winding structure plays a preliminary anti-winding role.

[0024] S3. The detection component continuously monitors the thickness of the weeds wound on the crushing roller. When the thickness reaches the set threshold, the controller triggers the impact component and the cleaning component to work in sequence. When the impact component works, the operator can adjust the nozzle angle through the driving motor according to the actual situation. At the same time, the controller adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve according to the weed thickness and the impact time. When the cleaning component works, adjust the initial angle of the cleaning brush through the angle adjusting mechanism according to the need to optimize the cleaning effect.

[0025] S4. During the entire rotary tillage operation, repeat step S3 to monitor and adjust the working state of the equipment in real time, ensuring the efficient and stable progress of the rotary tillage operation until the in-situ return of vegetable waste to the field in the entire operation area is completed.

[0026] Advantages of the present invention:

[0027] (1) Through the setting of the anti-winding structure, the present invention can effectively reduce the winding of vegetable waste and weeds on the crushing roller, improving the working efficiency and stability of the rotary tillage device. Among them, the surface of the spiral protrusion is smooth, which can reduce the possibility of waste adhesion; the pitch gradually increases from the center of the crushing roller to both ends, helping to push the sundries wound on the crushing roller to both ends, making it easier to fall off the crushing roller; combined with the rotary tillage cutter head, the vegetable waste can be crushed, facilitating its in-situ return to the field, enabling the waste to better integrate into the soil and improving soil fertility.

[0028] (2) Through the auxiliary anti-winding mechanism, the present invention further enhances the anti-winding ability of the crushing roller. Among them, the detection component can monitor the thickness of the weeds wound on the crushing roller in real time, providing a basis for subsequent cleaning work; the impact component and the cleaning component act in a timely manner when the thickness of the weeds reaches the set threshold, effectively removing the wound weeds and ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the crushing roller; through the above settings, the service life of the rotary tillage device is extended, and the frequency and workload of manual cleaning are reduced. Description of the drawings

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram in

[0032] Figure 3 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the impact component in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a three-dimensional schematic diagram from another angle;

[0034] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the cleaning component in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the cleaning component in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 is the positional schematic diagram of the partial structures of the impact component and the cleaning component in the present invention.

[0037] Description of the Drawings: 1. Rotary tiller main body; 2. Crushing roller; 3. Fender; 4. Driving motor; 5. Anti-winding structure; 51. Spiral protrusion; 6. Auxiliary anti-winding mechanism; 61. Detection component; 62. Impact component; 621. Impact head; 622. Flexible connecting pipe; 623. Water tank; 624. Lateral adjustment member; 6241. Bi-directional lead screw; 6242. Collar; 6243. Limit slider; 6244. Chute frame; 6245. Driving motor; 63. Cleaning component; 631. Cleaning brush; 632. Crank-rocker mechanism; 633. Driving wheel; 634. Mounting arm; 635. Fixed shaft; 7. Rotary tiller blade; 81. Plug rod; 82. Boss; 83. Connecting member; 84. Vertical central groove; 85. Arc plate; 86. Return spring; 87. Pulling rope; 88. Pushing block; 89. Lever. Detailed Embodiment

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention is a rotary tilling device for in-situ returning of vegetable waste to the field, including a rotary tiller main body 1 connected to a tractor. A crushing roller 2 and a controller are provided on the rotary tiller main body 1, and a rotary tiller blade 7 is provided on the crushing roller 2. A fender 3 is further provided on one side of the rotary tiller main body 1 where the crushing roller 2 is located, and a driving motor 4 provided on the rotary tiller main body 1 is in transmission connection with the crushing roller 2.

[0040] An anti-winding structure 5 is provided on the crushing roller 2. The anti-winding structure 5 includes a plurality of spiral protrusions 51 uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the crushing roller 2. The surface of the spiral protrusion 51 is smooth and its pitch gradually increases from the center of the crushing roller 2 to both ends.

[0041] In the present invention, the setting of the anti-winding structure 5 can effectively reduce the winding of vegetable waste and weeds on the crushing roller 2, improving the working efficiency and stability of the rotary tilling device. Among them, the surface of the spiral protrusion 51 is smooth, which can reduce the possibility of waste adhesion. The pitch gradually increases from the center of the crushing roller 2 to both ends, which helps to push the sundries wound on the crushing roller 2 to both ends, making it easier to fall off from the crushing roller 2. Combined with the rotary tiller blade 7, the vegetable waste can be crushed, facilitating its in-situ return to the field, enabling the waste to better integrate into the soil and improving soil fertility.

[0042] Specifically, the drive motor 4 drives the crushing roller 2 to rotate, and the rotary tillage cutter heads 7 rotate together with the crushing roller 2 to cut and crush vegetable waste. During the crushing process, waste and weeds may wind around the crushing roller 2. However, due to the presence of the spiral protrusions 51, when the crushing roller 2 rotates, the sundries will move along the spiral protrusions 51 towards both ends and finally detach from the crushing roller 2, thus preventing a large amount of winding from affecting the normal operation of the crushing roller 2.

[0043] An auxiliary anti-winding mechanism 6 is further provided on the rotary tillage machine main body 1. The auxiliary anti-winding mechanism 6 includes:

[0044] A detection component 61 for detecting the thickness of the weeds wound on the crushing roller 2;

[0045] An impact component 62 for impacting the weeds when the thickness of the weeds detected by the detection component 61 reaches a set threshold;

[0046] A cleaning component 63 for cleaning the crushing roller 2.

[0047] In the present invention, the anti-winding ability of the crushing roller 2 is further enhanced by the auxiliary anti-winding mechanism 6. Among them, the detection component 61 can real-time monitor the thickness of the weeds wound on the crushing roller 2, providing a basis for subsequent cleaning work; the impact component 62 and the cleaning component 63 act in a timely manner when the thickness of the weeds reaches the set threshold, effectively removing the wound weeds and ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the crushing roller 2; through the above settings, the service life of the rotary tillage device is extended, and the frequency and workload of manual cleaning are reduced; specifically, the detection component 61 continuously detects the thickness of the weeds wound on the crushing roller 2 and transmits the detection signal to the controller; when the thickness of the weeds reaches the set threshold, the controller triggers the impact component 62 and the cleaning component 63 to work; the impact component 62 first impacts the weeds to loosen them, and then the cleaning component 63 cleans the crushing roller 2 to remove the weeds.

[0048] The detection component 61 includes: an infrared sensor, the infrared sensor is installed on the rotary tillage machine main body 1, and the infrared sensors are distributed at the middle position and / or corresponding positions at both ends of the crushing roller 2, and the emission direction of the infrared sensor is perpendicular to the surface of the crushing roller 2.

[0049] In the present invention, by installing infrared sensors on the main body 1 of the rotary tiller and distributing them at the middle position and / or corresponding positions at both ends of the crushing roller 2, with the emission direction perpendicular to the surface of the crushing roller 2, the thickness of weed entanglement at different positions on the crushing roller 2 can be accurately detected, improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of detection; the accurate detection results provide a reliable basis for the actions of the subsequent impact component 62 and cleaning component 63, ensuring that measures are taken in a timely manner when the weed entanglement is severe.

[0050] The impact component 62 includes: an impact head 621, which is arranged on the main body 1 of the rotary tiller, and the impact head 621 faces the outer surface of the crushing roller 2. The impact head 621 is a spray head, and the impact head 621 is connected to a water tank 623 through a flexible connecting pipe 622. A water pump is arranged in the water tank 623, and the water pump is used to pressurize and supply the water in the water tank 623 to the spray head. The water tank 623 is arranged outside the main body 1 of the rotary tiller;

[0051] There are two spray heads corresponding to the middle position of the crushing roller 2. The two spray heads are distributed in an inverted V shape, and a lateral adjusting member 624 is arranged between the two spray heads. The lateral adjusting member 624 is used to adjust the included angle between the two spray heads.

[0052] The lateral adjusting member 624 includes a bidirectional lead screw 6241. Sleeve rings 6242 are respectively sleeved at both ends of the bidirectional lead screw 6241. The sleeve rings 6242 are in screw drive connection with the bidirectional lead screw 6241. A limit slider 6243 is fixedly arranged on one side of the sleeve ring 6242. One end of the limit slider 6243 is slidably installed on a chute frame 6244. The chute frame 6244 is fixed on the main body 1 of the rotary tiller. The two spray heads are respectively connected to the two sleeve rings 6242. One end of the bidirectional lead screw 6241 is in transmission connection with a driving motor 6245, and the driving motor 6245 is fixed on the chute frame 6244.

[0053] In the present invention, the impact component 62 uses a spray head as the impact head 621. The water in the water tank 623 is pressurized and supplied to the spray head by a water pump, and the impact force of the water is used to impact the entangled weeds to loosen the weeds, facilitating subsequent cleaning; in cooperation with the two spray heads being distributed in an inverted V shape and corresponding to the middle position of the crushing roller 2, the impact range can be expanded and the impact effect can be improved; the lateral adjusting member 624 can adjust the included angle between the two spray heads to adapt to different working requirements and weed entanglement situations; specifically:

[0054] When the detection component 61 detects that the weed thickness reaches the set threshold, the controller starts the water pump. The water pump pressurizes the water in the water tank 623 and transports it to the nozzle through the flexible connecting pipe 622. The nozzle sprays high-pressure water onto the weeds on the crushing roller 2, and uses the impact force of the water to loosen the weeds. The operator can start the driving motor 6245 according to the actual situation, and adjust the angle between the two nozzles through the lateral adjusting member 624 to change the spraying coverage and impact force distribution. The lateral adjusting member 624 adopts the structure of a bidirectional lead screw 6241 and a collar 6242, which can accurately adjust the angle between the two nozzles. The setting of the limit slider 6243 and the chute frame 6244 ensures the stability and accuracy of the collar 6242 during the movement process, making the adjustment process smoother and more reliable. Specifically, the driving motor 6245 drives the bidirectional lead screw 6241 to rotate. Since the collar 6242 is in screw drive connection with the bidirectional lead screw 6241, and the limit slider 6243 restricts the rotation of the collar 6242, the collar 6242 can only move along the axial direction of the bidirectional lead screw 6241. When the bidirectional lead screw 6241 rotates forward or backward, the two collars 6242 will move towards each other or in opposite directions, thereby driving the nozzles connected thereto to change the angle size.

[0055] The cleaning component 63 includes a cleaning brush 631, a crank-rocker mechanism 632 and a driving wheel 633. The cleaning brush 631 is installed on a mounting arm 634 that rotates around a fixed shaft 635. The fixed shaft 635 is fixed on the inner side wall of the fender 3. The mounting arm 634 is connected to the driving wheel 633 through the crank-rocker mechanism 632. The driving wheel 633 is in chain or gear transmission connection with the rotating shaft of the crushing roller 2. The driving wheel 633 is rotatably installed on the rotary tiller main body 1, so that when the crushing roller 2 rotates, it can drive the driving wheel 633 to rotate synchronously. When the crushing roller 2 rotates, the driving wheel 633 converts the circular motion into the swing of the mounting arm 634 through the crank-rocker mechanism 632, and then drives the cleaning brush 631 to swing at a set angle to clean the surface of the crushing roller 2.

[0056] In the present invention, the cleaning assembly 63 converts the circular motion of the driving wheel 633 into the swinging of the mounting arm 634 through the crank-rocker mechanism 632, and then drives the cleaning brush 631 to clean the surface of the crushing roller 2, effectively removing the weeds remaining on the crushing roller 2; the rotation of the crushing roller 2 is used to drive the cleaning assembly 63 to work, without the need for an additional power source, realizing the effective utilization of energy and reducing the equipment cost and energy consumption; specifically, when the crushing roller 2 rotates, the driving wheel 633 is driven to rotate synchronously through chain or gear transmission, and the rotation of the driving wheel 633 is converted into the swinging of the mounting arm 634 around the fixed shaft 635 through the crank-rocker mechanism 632, and the cleaning brush 631 on the mounting arm 634 swings accordingly to clean the surface of the crushing roller 2. After the impact assembly 62 loosens the weeds by impact, the cleaning brush 631 can timely remove the remaining weeds from the crushing roller 2 to ensure the cleanliness of the crushing roller 2.

[0057] Through the above technical solution, the present invention uses an infrared sensor as the detection assembly 61 to continuously monitor the thickness of the weeds wound around the middle and both ends of the crushing roller 2. Once it detects that the thickness of the weeds reaches the preset threshold of the controller, it immediately sends a signal to the controller. The controller responds quickly and simultaneously triggers the impact assembly 62 and the cleaning assembly 63 to start working, ensuring intervention before the weeds winding affects the normal operation of the equipment;

[0058] After the controller starts the impact assembly 62, the water pump in the water tank 623 starts to work, pressurizes the water in the water tank 623, and transports it to the nozzle through the flexible connecting pipe 622; at this time, the two nozzles distributed in an inverted V shape spray high-pressure water flow on the weeds wound around the crushing roller 2; if the operator, according to the actual situation, drives the bidirectional lead screw 6241 to rotate through the driving motor 6245 to change the angle between the two nozzles, the spraying range and the impact angle of the nozzles will change accordingly to more accurately impact the weeds and improve the impact effect;

[0059] When the impact assembly 62 works, the high-pressure water flow impacts to loosen the weeds; at the same time, since the rotation of the crushing roller 2 drives the driving wheel 633 to rotate through chain or gear transmission, the driving wheel 633 converts the circular motion into the swinging of the mounting arm 634 through the crank-rocker mechanism 632, and then drives the cleaning brush 631 to start cleaning; on the basis that the impact assembly 62 loosens the weeds, the cleaning brush 631 can more efficiently remove the weeds from the surface of the crushing roller 2, and the two work together to complete the cleaning task of the weeds wound around the crushing roller 2;

[0060] Overall, the rotary tiller main body 1 moves forward under the traction of a tractor, and the drive motor 4 drives the crushing roller 2 and the rotary tiller blades 7 to rotate, performing the operation of crushing vegetable waste and returning it to the field. During the operation, the anti-winding structure 5 initially reduces weed entanglement; when the weed entanglement is severe, the detection component 61, the impact component 62, and the cleaning component 63 are linked in sequence to quickly clean the entangled weeds, ensuring the continuous normal operation of the crushing roller 2, improving the working efficiency and stability of the rotary tillage device for in-situ returning of vegetable waste to the field, and ensuring the smooth progress of the entire operation process.

[0061] The bristles of the cleaning brush 631 are detachably fixed to the body of the cleaning brush 631.

[0062] In the present invention, a card slot is provided on the body of the cleaning brush 631, and the root of the bristles of the cleaning brush 631 is designed into a block structure matching the card slot. During installation, the block at the root of the bristles is directly inserted into the card slot of the body of the cleaning brush 631, and fixation is achieved through friction; during disassembly, only need to pull the bristles out of the card slot with force; through the above design, the detachable bristles design enables, when the bristles are worn or damaged, instead of replacing the entire cleaning brush 631, only the damaged bristles need to be replaced separately, reducing the maintenance cost and time. Bristles of different batches can be made of different materials or hardness according to the actual use scenario to adapt to diverse weed cleaning requirements;

[0063] The cleaning component 63 further includes: a plurality of arc-shaped plates 85 spirally and spaced apart on the outer side of the crushing roller 2, the inner side of the arc-shaped plate 85 is attached to the surface of the crushing roller 2, a connecting member 83 is provided on the side of the arc-shaped plate 85 facing the crushing roller 2, one end of the connecting member 83 obliquely penetrates into a vertical central groove 84 provided inside the crushing roller 2 and is set as an inclined surface, a T-shaped plug rod 81 is slidably connected in the vertical central groove 84, a tension spring is connected between the bottom end of the plug rod 81 and the vertical central groove 84, a boss 82 is provided on the outer ring of the plug rod 81 corresponding to the position of the connecting member 83, the boss 82 and the connecting member 83 are initially in a staggered state, and a return spring 86 is fixed between the arc-shaped plate 85 and the crushing roller 2;

[0064] A pushing block 88 is fixed on one of the collars 6242 of the bidirectional lead screw 6241, a lever 89 is provided on the moving path of the pushing block 88, and the fulcrum of the lever 89 is fixed on the rotary tiller main body 1; one end of the lever 89 faces the pushing block 88, and the other end is connected to the top end of the plug rod 81 through a pull rope 87 passing through the rotary tiller main body 1;

[0065] When the driving motor 6245 drives the bidirectional lead screw 6241 to rotate and the collar 6242 moves, the pushing block 88 will push one end of the lever 89, and the lever 89 rotates around the fulcrum, thereby pulling the pull rope 87 and driving the insertion rod 81 to slide in the vertical central groove 84.

[0066] In the present invention, when the driving motor 6245 drives the bidirectional lead screw 6241 to rotate, the collar 6242 will move along the axial direction of the bidirectional lead screw 6241. Since the pushing block 88 is fixed on the collar 6242, the movement of the collar 6242 will drive the pushing block 88 to move synchronously. When the pushing block 88 moves to contact one end of the lever 89 and continues to move, the pushing block 88 will push the lever 89 to rotate around the fulcrum fixed on the rotary tiller main body 1; when the lever 89 rotates, its other end will pull the pull rope 87, and the pull rope 87 passes through the rotary tiller main body 1 and is connected to the top end of the insertion rod 81, so the pull rope 87 will drive the insertion rod 81 to slide upward in the vertical central groove 84. During the upward sliding of the insertion rod 81, the inverted boss 82 on the outer circle of the insertion rod 81 will gradually contact the inclined surface of the connecting member 83. As the insertion rod 81 continues to move, the boss 82 slides along the inclined surface of the connecting member 83. Because the connecting member 83 is connected to the arc-shaped plate 85, it will push the connecting member 83 to move outward, thereby causing the arc-shaped plate 85 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 86 between it and the crushing roller 2 and open outward at a certain angle. When the driving motor 6245 rotates in reverse, the bidirectional lead screw 6241 rotates in the reverse direction, the collar 6242 moves in the reverse direction, the pushing block 88 no longer exerts a thrust on the lever 89, and the lever 89 returns to its original position under its own gravity when the pull rope 87 is slack. The insertion rod 81 slides downward and resets along the vertical central groove 84 under the pulling force of the tension spring, and the arc-shaped plate 85 fits again with the surface of the crushing roller 2 under the action of the return spring 86.

[0067] Through the above technical solutions, on the one hand, when it is necessary to adjust the nozzle angle, the transverse adjusting member 624 acts. While adjusting the nozzle angle, the insertion rod 81 is driven to slide through components such as the pushing block 88, the lever 89, and the pull rope 87, so that the arc-shaped plate 85 opens. In this way, before the impact assembly 62 works, the arc-shaped plate 85 opens in advance, which can assist the impact assembly 62 to better clean the weeds; for example, the opening of the arc-shaped plate 85 can increase the impact area, making it easier for the high-pressure water flow to impact the weeds entangled deep in the crushing roller 2, improving the impact effect, and can also forcibly expand to break the weeds to reduce the entanglement of the weeds on the crushing roller 2. The linkage between the impact assembly 62 and the anti-entanglement structure 5 can achieve a two-in-one effect.

[0068] On the other hand, during the operation of the cleaning component 63, if encountering weeds with relatively tight entanglement, the cleaning brush 631 may not be able to completely clean them; at this time, the operator can, according to the actual situation, finely adjust the bidirectional lead screw 6241 through the driving motor 6245 to trigger the action of the arc-shaped plate 85; when the arc-shaped plate 85 opens, it can shake off some stubbornly entangled weeds, and cooperate with the swing of the cleaning brush 631 to further improve the cleaning effect on the surface of the crushing roller 2. Moreover, without adding an additional power source, the existing power for adjusting the spray head angle of the impact component 62 is utilized to strengthen the cleaning function, achieving the purpose of saving energy and improving the cleaning efficiency, and realizing the multiple benefits of multi-component collaborative work.

[0069] A flow regulating valve is arranged on the flexible connecting pipe 622 between the water tank 623 and the spray head, and the flow regulating valve is electrically connected to the controller; the controller dynamically adjusts the opening degree of the flow regulating valve according to the weed thickness detected by the infrared sensor and the working time of the impact component 62 to control the water spraying flow of the spray head, avoiding waste of water resources while ensuring the cleaning effect.

[0070] In this example, the flow regulating valve is an electric proportional flow regulating valve, which has high-precision flow regulating performance and can quickly respond to the instructions of the controller; this flow regulating valve is installed in the middle of the flexible connecting pipe 622 between the water tank 623 and the spray head and is connected to the controller through a control line; a special algorithm program is built into the controller. When the infrared sensor detects the weed thickness data on the crushing roller 2, it transmits it to the controller; at the same time, when the impact component 62 starts, the controller begins to record the working time of the impact component 62;

[0071] For example, when the weed thickness is relatively thin, the controller calculates a smaller flow requirement according to the algorithm and sends a corresponding control signal to the flow regulating valve, and the opening degree of the regulating valve decreases, reducing the water spraying flow of the spray head; as the weed thickness increases or the working time of the impact component 62 prolongs, the controller dynamically adjusts the control signal and gradually increases the opening degree of the flow regulating valve to increase the water spraying flow of the spray head;

[0072] Specifically, the weed thickness is represented by T, with the unit of centimeter; the working time of the impact component 62 is represented by t, with the unit of second; the initial flow is set as Q0, with the unit of liter per second; the flow regulating coefficient is k, and the final water spraying flow of the spray head is Q, with the same unit of liter per second; there are two influence coefficients, one is the influence coefficient α of the weed thickness on the flow, and the other is the influence coefficient β of the impact duration on the flow, which are obtained by fitting experimental data; for example: α = 0.2, β = 0.05; the formula for calculating the flow regulating coefficient k is: k = 1 + α×T + β×t; the formula for the final water spraying flow Q of the spray head is: Q = Q0×k;

[0073] Calculate an opening adjustment coefficient m, and its calculation formula is m = Q / Q-max; Q-max is the maximum flow rate corresponding to the flow control valve at the maximum opening (i.e., S = 100%); then calculate the opening S according to the opening adjustment coefficient m, and the formula is S = m × 100%.

[0074] The controller dynamically adjusts the opening of the flow control valve according to the weed thickness and the working time of the impact component 62, realizing precise control of the water spray flow rate of the nozzle; through precise control, it can ensure that under various weed entanglement conditions, just the right water flow rate can be provided to impact the weeds, which not only ensures the cleaning effect but also avoids wasting water resources due to excessive flow rate, improving the water resource utilization efficiency; the coordinated work of the flow control valve, the controller and the infrared sensor improves the intelligent level of the entire vegetable waste in-situ return tillage rotary tillage device.

[0075] A method for in-situ return tillage of vegetable waste includes the following steps:

[0076] S1. Firmly connect the rotary tillage device to the tractor, check the water level of the water tank 623, the connection of each component and the electrical system of the equipment to ensure the normal operation of the equipment;

[0077] S2. Start the tractor and the drive motor 4 of the rotary tillage device to make the crushing roller 2 and the rotary tillage cutter head 7 operate, and start the in-situ return tillage operation of the vegetable waste. During this process, the anti-entanglement structure 5 plays a preliminary anti-entanglement role;

[0078] S3. The detection component 61 continuously monitors the weed entanglement thickness on the crushing roller 2. When the thickness reaches the set threshold, the controller sequentially triggers the impact component 62 and the cleaning component 63 to work; when the impact component 62 works, the operator can adjust the nozzle angle through the driving motor 6245 according to the actual situation, and at the same time the controller adjusts the opening of the flow control valve according to the weed thickness and the impact time; when the cleaning component 63 works, adjust the initial angle of the cleaning brush 631 through the angle adjustment mechanism as needed to optimize the cleaning effect;

[0079] S4. During the entire rotary tillage operation process, repeat step S3, and continuously monitor and adjust the working state of the equipment to ensure the efficient and stable progress of the rotary tillage operation until the in-situ return tillage task of the vegetable waste in the entire operation area is completed. The above has described a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the present invention application should still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary tillage device for returning vegetable waste to the field in situ, comprising a rotary tiller body connected to a tractor, the rotary tiller body being provided with a crushing roller and a controller, the crushing roller being provided with a rotary tillage blade; the rotary tiller body being provided with a fender on one side of the crushing roller, the driving motor provided on the rotary tiller body being in transmission connection with the crushing roller; It is characterized in that The crushing roller is provided with an anti-winding structure, which includes a plurality of spiral protrusions evenly distributed along the axial direction of the crushing roller. The surface of the spiral protrusions is smooth and the pitch thereof gradually increases from the center to both ends of the crushing roller.

2. The in-situ tillage device for returning vegetable waste to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary tiller body is also provided with an auxiliary anti-winding mechanism, and the auxiliary anti-winding mechanism comprises: A detection component, the detection component is used to detect the thickness of the weeds wrapped around the crushing roller; An impact component, wherein the impact component is used to impact the weeds when the thickness of the weeds detected by the detection component reaches a set threshold; A cleaning component is used to clean the crushing roller.

3. The in-situ tillage device for returning vegetable waste to the field according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection component includes: an infrared sensor, which is installed on the rotary tiller body and distributed at the middle position and / or corresponding positions at both ends of the crushing roller. The emission direction of the infrared sensor is perpendicular to the surface of the crushing roller.

4. The in-situ tillage device for returning vegetable waste to the field according to claim 3, characterized in that: The impact assembly comprises: an impact head, which is arranged on the rotary tiller body and faces the outer surface of the crushing roller, and is a nozzle, which is connected to a water tank through a flexible connecting pipe, and a water pump is arranged in the water tank, and the water pump is used to pressurize the water in the water tank and supply it to the nozzle, and the water tank is arranged outside the rotary tiller body; The two nozzles are provided corresponding to the middle position of the crushing roller, the two nozzles are distributed in an inverted V shape, and a transverse adjustment member is provided between the two nozzles, and the transverse adjustment member is used to adjust the angle between the two nozzles.

5. The in-situ tillage device for returning vegetable waste to the field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lateral adjustment member includes a bidirectional screw rod, both ends of the bidirectional screw rod are respectively provided with rings, the rings are spirally connected to the bidirectional screw rod, a limit slider is fixedly provided on one side of the ring, one end of the limit slider is slidably installed on the slide frame, the slide frame is fixed on the main body of the rotary tiller, the two nozzles are connected to the two rings in a one-to-one correspondence, one end of the bidirectional screw rod is transmission-connected to an active motor, and the active motor is fixed on the slide frame.

6. The in-situ tillage device for returning vegetable waste to the field according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly includes a cleaning brush, a crank rocker mechanism and a driving wheel; the cleaning brush is mounted on a mounting arm that rotates around a fixed axis, the fixed axis is fixed on the inner wall of the fender, the mounting arm is connected to the driving wheel through the crank rocker mechanism, the driving wheel is connected to the rotating shaft of the crushing roller by transmission, and the driving wheel is rotatably mounted on the rotary tiller body, so that the driving wheel can be driven to rotate synchronously when the crushing roller rotates; when the crushing roller rotates, the driving wheel converts the circular motion into the swing of the mounting arm through the crank rocker mechanism, thereby driving the cleaning brush to swing at a set angle to clean the surface of the crushing roller.

7. The in-situ tillage device for returning vegetable waste to the field according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bristles of the cleaning brush are detachably fixed on the body of the cleaning brush, and the cleaning assembly further comprises: a plurality of arc-shaped plates distributed at spiral intervals on the outer side of the crushing roller, the inner side surface of the arc-shaped plates being in contact with the surface of the crushing roller, a connecting piece being arranged on the side of the arc-shaped plates facing the crushing roller, one end of the connecting piece obliquely penetrates into a vertical center groove arranged inside the crushing roller and is arranged as an inclined surface, a T-shaped plug rod is slidably connected in the vertical center groove, a tension spring is connected between the bottom end of the plug rod and the vertical center groove, a boss is arranged on the outer ring of the plug rod at a position corresponding to the connecting piece, the boss and the connecting piece are initially in a staggered state, and a reset spring is fixed between the arc-shaped plate and the crushing roller; A push block is fixed on one of the sleeve rings of the bidirectional screw rod, a lever is arranged on the moving path of the push block, and the fulcrum of the lever is fixed on the main body of the rotary tiller; one end of the lever is opposite to the push block, and the other end is connected to the top end of the insertion rod after passing through the main body of the rotary tiller through a pull rope; When the active motor drives the bidirectional lead screw to rotate and the sleeve ring moves, the push block pushes one end of the lever, and the lever rotates around the fulcrum, thereby pulling the pull rope and driving the inserted rod to slide in the vertical center groove.

8. The in-situ tillage device for returning vegetable waste to the field according to claim 7, characterized in that: A flow regulating valve is arranged on the flexible connecting pipe between the water tank and the nozzle, and the flow regulating valve is electrically connected to the controller.

9. A method for in-situ return of vegetable waste to the field by rotary tillage, the method using the in-situ return of vegetable waste to the field by rotary tillage device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Connect the rotary tillage device to the tractor securely, check the water level in the water tank, the connection of each component and the electrical system of the equipment to ensure the normal operation of the equipment; S2, start the tractor and the rotary tillage device drive motor, make the crushing roller and the rotary tillage blade run, start the in-situ return of vegetable waste to the field rotary tillage operation, during which the anti-entanglement structure plays a preliminary anti-entanglement role; S3. The detection component continuously monitors the thickness of weeds wrapped around the crushing roller. When the thickness reaches the set threshold, the controller triggers the impact component and the cleaning component to work in sequence. When the impact component is working, the operator can adjust the nozzle angle through the active motor according to the actual situation, and the controller adjusts the flow control valve opening according to the weed thickness and impact time. When the cleaning component is working, the initial angle of the cleaning brush is adjusted through the angle adjustment mechanism as needed to optimize the cleaning effect. S4. During the entire rotary tillage operation, step S3 is repeated to monitor and adjust the working status of the equipment in real time to ensure that the rotary tillage operation is carried out efficiently and stably until the task of returning vegetable waste to the field in situ and rotary tillage in the entire operation area is completed.

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