Harvesting device of sugarcane combine harvester

Abstract

The invention discloses a harvesting device of a sugarcane combine harvester, and relates to the technical field of manufacturing of sugarcane harvesters, the harvesting device comprises a frame rack, a bottom rack, a sugarcane supporting sliding plate, a leaf stripping and sugarcane guiding roller set and a cutter head device, the cutter head device is installed close to the front end of the frame rack, and the cutter head device comprises a cutter head, a cover plate installed on the cutter head and a sugarcane blocking pipe. The cover plate covers the middle rear part of the cutterhead, and a distance is formed between the front end of the cover plate and the working surface of the front end of the cutterhead; a plurality of sugarcane blocking pipes with the front ends having a telescopic function are installed on the cover plate face at intervals, the installation direction of the sugarcane blocking pipes is the same as the advancing direction of sugarcanes, and the front ends of the sugarcane blocking pipes extend outwards from the working face of the front end of the cutter head. Compared with the prior art, a complex linkage component is not needed, so that when the mechanical structure encounters obstacles such as stones, the influence on the mechanical structure is relatively small, and the situation that a plurality of components are damaged or fail due to the complex linkage structure is not likely to happen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane harvester manufacturing, and in particular to a harvesting device of a sugarcane combine harvester. Background Art

[0002] The harvesting device of a sugarcane harvester mainly includes a cutter, a cane supporting mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a leaf stripping device and a cane collecting device, and the cutter is a key component of the harvesting device and is used to cut the sugarcane stalks. Common types of cutters include a disc cutter, a reciprocating cutter and a sharp rectangular blade installed on the outer circumference of a disc.

[0003] The disc blade of the disc cutter has a serrated edge and cuts the sugarcane stalks by high-speed rotation, which has the advantages of fast cutting speed and high efficiency; usually, a group of cutters consists of two disc cutters, which are installed at the root cutting part of the sugarcane harvester. The left cutter and the right cutter are respectively driven by a left transmission shaft and a right transmission shaft. The transmission mechanism drives the left and right cutters to rotate in opposite directions through the left and right transmission shafts. The adjacent serrations on the disc cutter are offset up and down. When harvesting sugarcane, the standard size for cutting the sugarcane roots is that the sugarcane root surface cannot have cracks or broken heads 10 mm above and below the ground. This is the most favorable condition for the second-year regeneration and germination of sugarcane roots to increase the yield. If there are cracks or broken heads, mildew and necrosis will occur. Since most of the land at home and abroad is uneven and contains a large amount of coarse sand with a diameter of 5 to 10 mm and stones larger than an egg, when the harvester harvests in such sugarcane fields, as long as it advances 30 meters, the sharpest blade edge will immediately become blunt. If a stone gets stuck between the left and right cutters, there is a risk that the cutter head will suddenly fall apart; also, when the existing sugarcane harvesting device installs a single disc saw blade to cut the sugarcane stalks, the sugarcane stalks are in a free state. After the sugarcane stalks are cut off, the sugarcane stalks will be thrown to one side of the saw blade by the rapidly rotating saw blade; and currently, the disc cutter cannot be installed at a low angle. When the cutter is installed at a high inclination angle to cut the sugarcane roots, the sugarcane roots in the middle are just cut flush with the ground, and the sugarcane roots on both sides are cut much higher than the ground. The sugarcane roots higher than the ground are not conducive to the second-year regeneration and growth of sugarcane roots, resulting in a reduction in sugarcane yield. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a harvesting device of a sugarcane combine harvester, which can solve the serious problems that the cutter of the existing sugarcane harvester is easily damaged, easily distorted and deformed, and the sugarcane roots are thrown to one side of the cutter after being cut off.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: It includes a framed rack, a bottom rack, a conveying chain, a transmission shaft, a sprocket, a cane supporting slide plate, a leaf stripping and cane guiding roller group, and a cutter head device. The cutter head device is installed near the front end of the framed rack. The cutter head device includes a cutter head, a cover plate and a cane blocking tube installed on the cutter head. The cover plate covers the middle and rear parts of the cutter head, and there is a spacing distance between the front end head of the cover plate and the working surface of the front end head of the cutter head; Multiple cane blocking tubes with telescopic functions at the front ends are installed at intervals on the surface of the cover plate. The installation direction of the cane blocking tubes is the same as the advancing direction of the cane, and the front ends of the cane blocking tubes extend outwards from the working surface of the front end of the cutter head.

[0006] In the technical solution of the harvesting device of the above sugarcane combine harvester, a more specific technical solution can also be: The cane blocking tube is formed by sleeving a cane blocking outer tube and a cane blocking inner tube. A compression spring is installed in the cane blocking outer tube. One end of the compression spring is pressed against a sealing plate provided at the inner rear end of the cane blocking outer tube, and the other end is pressed against a partition plate provided at the rear end of the cane blocking inner tube; A long groove is opened on the surface of the cane blocking inner tube facing the cover plate. A screw rod is installed at the end where the cane blocking outer tube and the cane blocking inner tube are sleeved. The inner end of the screw rod passes through the long groove, and the outer end of the screw rod is locked to the outside of the cane blocking outer tube by screwing with a nut; A connecting cushion tube is welded on the same surface of the cane blocking outer tube and the long groove.

[0007] In some possible implementation schemes, the bottom surface of the connecting cushion tube is welded on the surface of the cover plate. The front end of the cane blocking inner tube is conical. When the compression spring is in a free state, the conical front end of the cane blocking inner tube extends outwards from the working surface of the front end of the cutter head.

[0008] In some possible implementation schemes, the cutter head device is a disc-shaped cutter head device. Its cutter head is a circular saw blade. The cover plate is a "convex" shaped steel plate with an arc-shaped front end and a square-shaped rear end. The "convex" shaped steel plate is inclined relative to the circular saw blade. There is a clearance fit between the front end of the "convex" shaped steel plate and the top surface of the circular saw blade. The two sides of the "convex" shaped steel plate are fixed to the two side racks by bolts; Circular holes are provided on the cover plate at the corresponding positions of the bearing seats installed in the middle of the circular saw blade for the bearing seats of the driving parts for driving the circular saw blade to extend out from the circular holes.

[0009] In some possible implementation schemes, a cane supporting slide plate is pressed against the rear end of the cover plate. The front end head of the cane supporting slide plate extends under the rear end of the cover plate. A lifting rod is arranged below the front end of the cane supporting slide plate. Both ends of the lifting rod are fixed to the two side racks; The rear end head of the cane supporting slide plate is connected to a horizontally arranged cane supporting slide plate behind through a hinge joint. The two sides of the horizontally arranged cane supporting slide plate are connected and fixed to the rack.

[0010] In some possible embodiments, the cutter head device is an annular cutter head device, the cutter head of which is an annular band saw blade. The annular band saw blade is arranged obliquely forward in front of the inlet of the cane conveying roller in front of the frame rack. The annular band saw blade is driven to rotate by four press band saw rollers. The press band saw rollers are in the shape of "I". The four press band saw rollers are arranged in two rows corresponding to each other vertically and horizontally on both side frames. The four press band saw rollers position the annular band saw blade so that the annular band saw blade is in the shape of a rectangular frame. The two side band saw blades rotate close to a vertical state, and the band saw blade surfaces on the upper and bottom surfaces rotate close to a horizontal state. The annular band saw blade is sleeved in the grooves of the four press saw rollers. Among the four press saw rollers, one is a driving roller and the other three are driven rollers.

[0011] In some possible embodiments, a row of anti-slip protrusions are evenly arranged at radial intervals in the middle of the grooves of the driving roller or the driven rollers. Anti-slip holes corresponding to the protrusions are evenly arranged on the surface of the annular band saw blade. The driving roller is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected to a hydraulic motor. Two horizontally arranged slide bars are arranged between the driving roller and the hydraulic motor. Bearing seats and bearings are respectively arranged at corresponding positions on the two slide bars. The transmission shaft passes through the bearings. Sleeves are respectively arranged at the rear ends of the two slide bars, and the sleeves are respectively installed on one side frame. The hydraulic motor is connected to the slide bars through support rods. The front ends of the two slide bars are connected by a connecting rod. A tension roller bolt is arranged parallel between the two slide bars. The tension roller bolt passes through a hole arranged in the middle of the connecting rod. The tension roller bolt passes through the bottom of the transmission shaft. The threaded end of the bolt is connected with a nut, and the nut is fixed on one side frame.

[0012] In some possible embodiments, the driven roller is connected to one end of a roller fixed shaft through a bearing arranged at intervals inside it. A transverse through hole is opened at the other end of the roller fixed shaft. The front ends of two driven roller slide bars respectively pass through the two transverse through holes and are fixed. Sleeves are respectively arranged at the rear ends of the two driven roller slide bars, and the sleeves are respectively fixed on one side frame. A tension roller bolt is arranged parallel between the two driven roller slide bars. The tension roller bolt passes through a hole arranged on the roller fixed shaft. The threaded end is screwed with a nut, and the nut is fixed on one side frame.

[0013] In some possible embodiments, a waste discharge slot is arranged at the cutting edge of the annular band saw blade. Metal abrasive grains are coated on the cutting edge of the annular band saw blade, the upper and lower surfaces of the cutting edge, and the surfaces on both sides of the waste discharge slot.

[0014] In some possible embodiments, the cover plate is a square plate, which passes through the inside of the annular band saw blade and is inclined with respect to the saw segment surface at the bottom of the annular band saw blade. The front end of the cover plate is installed with a gap on the saw segment surface at the bottom of the annular band saw blade. Both sides of the cover plate are fixed to the two side frames by bolts. There is a spacing distance between the front end of the cover plate and the working surface of the front end of the saw segment at the bottom of the annular band saw blade.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: 1. Since the present invention uses a single cutter head as the sugarcane root cutting saw blade, the installation structure of the single cutting saw blade is relatively simple and does not require complex linkage components. When it encounters obstacles such as stones, the mechanical structure is less affected and it is not easy to cause damage or failure of multiple components due to the complex linkage structure. When encountering obstacles such as stones, the impact force is mainly concentrated on the local components of the cutting saw blade itself. Since it does not form a shearing force in cooperation with other cutting saw blades, the impact force it receives is relatively dispersed, and it is not easy to cause excessive twisting, deformation, etc. of the sugarcane stalks or the components of the cutting saw blade due to the action of the shearing force.

[0016] 2. Since a cover plate and multiple sugarcane blocking tubes are installed on a single cutter head, the front ends of the sugarcane blocking tubes extend outwards from the front working surface of the cutter head. The sugarcane blocking tubes serve as sugarcane supporting rods for the saw blade of the cutter head to cut the sugarcane stalks. The cover plate and the sugarcane blocking tubes can also effectively prevent the serious problem that after the sugarcane roots are cut off by the one-way rotation of a single circular saw blade on one side, all the sugarcane stalks are thrown to one side of the saw blade, making it impossible for the sugarcane stalks to directly enter the front entrance of the sugarcane stalk conveying roller of the sugarcane harvester. The cut sugarcane stalks are protected by the sugarcane blocking tubes on both sides and are conveyed to the front entrance of the sugarcane stalk conveying roller.

[0017] 3. The cutter head adopted is an annular band saw blade, which is positioned and driven to rotate by four saw pressing roller wheels. The annular band saw blade rotates in a rectangular frame shape. The saw blades on both sides rotate close to a vertical state, and the saw blades on the upper and lower surfaces rotate close to a horizontal state. The surfaces of the saw blades on the upper and lower surfaces are inclined forward at an angle of 6 degrees. The saw blade edge can horizontally and linearly cut the sugarcane roots flat to a size of 10 mm above and below the ground, which is most conducive to the regeneration and germination of sugarcane roots in the second year to increase the yield, and is also conducive to the flat and orderly entry of sugarcane stalks into the entrance of the harvester roller. This cannot be achieved by the double-rotating blades and circular saw blades currently installed on sugarcane harvesters for cutting sugarcane roots. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the sugarcane blocking tube of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a right view of the sugarcane blocking tube of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a bottom view of the sugarcane blocking tube of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a front view of the annular cutter head device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is Figure 7 the A-A sectional view of

[0026] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the driven roller and the connecting member in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the driving roller and the transmission member in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 It is a left view of the connection between the driving roller and the transmission member in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 12 It is a connection relationship diagram of the sugarcane pulling rod with the straight slide plate, the sleeve and the outer chain plate of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the first sugarcane combine harvester of the whole rod type for installing the disc-shaped cutter head device of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of the marks in the figure: Disc saw blade 1, cover plate 2, arc-shaped front end 2-1 of the "convex" steel plate, rear end 2-2 of the "convex" steel plate, sugarcane blocking tube 3, outer sugarcane blocking tube 3-1, inner sugarcane blocking tube 3-2, sealing plate 3-3, partition plate 3-4, drive shaft 4, round hole 5, bearing seat 6, compression spring 7, long slot 8, screw rod 9, sugarcane supporting sliding plate 10, lifting rod 11, hinge joint 12, annular band saw blade 13, driving roller 14, driven roller 15, anti-slip protrusions 16, anti-slip holes 17, transmission shaft 18, hydraulic motor 19, sliding rod 20, bearing seat 21, bearing 22, sleeve 23, connecting rod 24, tensioning roller bolt 25, connecting cushion tube 26, nut 27, metal abrasive grains 28, roller fixing shaft 29, transverse through hole 30, driven roller sliding rod 31, driven roller sleeve 32, impurity discharge slot 33, bracket 34, bearing seat 35, shaft driving wheel 36, rotating shaft 37, sprocket shafts 102, 103, 104, sprocket 105, conveying chain 106, sugarcane pulling rod 107, outer link plate 108, sleeve 109, straight sliding plate 110, sprocket 111, round plate 112, 30-tooth sprocket 113, transmission shaft 114, sprocket 115, spiral blade roller 116, outer square tube 117, inner square tube 118, transverse rod 119, transmission shaft 120, disc saw blade 121, sugarcane blocking tail square tube 122, bearing seat 123, hydraulic oil motor 124, lifting end of the lifting oil cylinder 125, lifting oil cylinder 126. Detailed implementation mode

[0032] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention easier to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Figures 1 to 5Embodiment 1 of the harvesting device of the sugarcane harvester shown. The harvesting device of this embodiment includes a cutter head device installed in front of the frame. The cutter head device is a disc-shaped cutter head device, and its cutter head is a circular saw blade 1. The cutter head device is equipped with a disc cutter head, a cover plate 2 installed on the cutter head, and a cane blocking tube 3. The cover plate completely covers the middle and rear parts of the cutter head. The cover plate is a "convex" shaped steel plate with an arc-shaped front end and a square rear end. The "convex" shaped steel plate is inclined at an angle of about 16 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane and is arranged in front of the front roller inlet of the sugarcane machine. The arc-shaped front end 2-1 of the "convex" shaped steel plate is in clearance fit with the top surface of the circular saw blade 1, and the clearance is 1 mm. The vertical distance between the rear end 2-2 of the "convex" shaped steel plate and the top surface of the circular saw blade 1 is 6 mm. The two sides of the rear end of the "convex" shaped steel plate are fixed to the two side frames by bolts 4. There are vertical baffle plates on both sides of the "convex" shaped steel plate. There is a spacing distance between the front end 2-1 of the "convex" shaped steel plate and the front working surface of the circular saw blade 1, and this distance H is about 20 mm. This distance is the distance for the front cut of the circular saw blade to cut the sugarcane roots. There is a circular hole 5 at the corresponding position of the bearing seat installed at the center of the circular saw blade on the cover plate 2. The bearing seat 6 of the driving part for driving the circular saw blade 1 extends out from the circular hole. The driving part of the circular saw blade includes a shaft driving wheel 36, a rotating shaft 37, bearings, a bearing seat 35, a sprocket and a bearing seat 6, a bracket 34, and a driving shaft 4.The rotating shaft 37 is provided with a bearing block 35, and it is connected to the frame through this bearing block; the bracket 34 is installed at the bottom of the frame, and a drive shaft 4 is installed thereon; the drive shaft 4 passes through the bracket 34 and is connected to the sprocket and bearing block 6, and is rotatably connected to the bracket 34. A round clamping plate and bolts are provided at the upper end of the drive shaft 4 to fix the circular saw blade 1. The sprocket on the sprocket and bearing block 6 is connected to the driving wheel of the rotating shaft 37 through a chain drive; A plurality of front-end telescopic sugarcane blocking tubes 3 are installed at intervals on the cover plate surface. The installation direction of the sugarcane blocking tubes is the same as the advancing direction of the sugarcane. The front end of the sugarcane blocking tube extends outward from the front working surface of the cutter head. The sugarcane blocking tube is a square tube and is composed of an outer sugarcane blocking tube 3-1 and an inner sugarcane blocking tube 3-2 sleeved together. A compression spring 7 is installed in the outer sugarcane blocking tube 3-1. One end of the compression spring is pressed against a sealing plate 3-3 provided at the rear end inside the outer sugarcane blocking tube 3-1, and the other end is pressed against a partition plate 3-4 provided at the rear end of the inner sugarcane blocking tube 3-2; A long groove 8 is opened on the surface of the inner sugarcane blocking tube 3-2 facing the cover plate 2, that is, the long groove is provided at the bottom surface of the inner sugarcane blocking tube. A screw rod 9 is installed at the bottom surface of the end where the outer sugarcane blocking tube 3-1 and the inner sugarcane blocking tube 3-2 are sleeved together. The inner end of the screw rod passes through the long groove, and the outer end of the screw rod is locked on the outside of the outer sugarcane blocking tube by screwing with a nut. A connecting cushion tube 26 is welded on the bottom surface of the outer sugarcane blocking tube, and the bottom surface of the connecting cushion tube 26 is welded on the cover plate 2 surface. The long groove is provided at the bottom surface of the inner sugarcane blocking tube to prevent dirt and other sundries from entering the long groove during operation and being difficult to fall out; the front end of the inner sugarcane blocking tube is conical. When the compression spring 7 is in a free state, the conical front end of the inner sugarcane blocking tube 3-2 extends outward from the front working surface of the cutter head, and the extending length is about 80 mm; after the sugarcane root is cut off, the sugarcane is swung by the centrifugal force of the rotating saw blade cut. At this time, the inner sugarcane blocking tube at the front end of the sugarcane blocking tube arranged at intervals on the cover plate surface is set more than 80 mm in front of the saw blade cut, which can effectively prevent the sugarcane stalk from being swung to one side of the saw blade. At the same time, when the sugarcane harvester is moving forward and there is a pressing sugarcane stalk roller rotating and pushing backward above the circular saw blade, the root of the sugarcane stalk will then slide onto the cover plate surface and into the inlet of the sugarcane stalk conveying roller in front of the harvester for conveying; if there is a sugarcane stalk root hitting the front end of the inner sugarcane blocking tube when the harvester is advancing, the inner sugarcane blocking tube will be squeezed backward, the telescopic spring king in the outer sugarcane blocking tube will be compressed backward, and the inner sugarcane blocking tube will retract into the saw blade cut by about 80 mm. At the same time, the sugarcane root will be cut off by the saw blade, and at this time the inner sugarcane blocking tube will automatically pop out of the saw blade cut without resistance.

[0035] Such as Figure 13As shown, the circular saw blade in this embodiment can be used as a sugarcane root grinding cutter for a whole-stalk or cut-type sugarcane combine harvester. The circular saw blade is inclined and installed at the front end near the frame. The front cut of the circular saw blade contacts the ground, and the rear part is about 16 degrees higher than the ground plane. That is, two rows of vertical sugarcane conveying ledges are arranged at intervals above and behind the circular saw blade. The space between the two rows of ledges is a sugarcane conveying channel with a wide front entrance and a narrow rear. Steel meshes or steel plates are arranged at intervals on the surfaces of the two rows of ledges. At the front ends, middle, and rear ends of the two rows of ledges, vertical sprocket shafts 102, 103, and 104 are arranged at intervals. Sprockets 105, bearings, bearing seats, conveying chains 106 are arranged at intervals on the sprocket shafts. The bearing seats tension the conveying chains by setting bolts. Pushing sugarcane rods 107 or pushing sugarcane hooks are arranged at intervals on the conveying chains. The conveying chains are provided with ear plates protruding outward on one outer side between the outer link plates 108 on both sides of the roller chain. A circular hole is provided in the middle of the ear plate. A sleeve 109 is arranged in the circular hole. A pin shaft is arranged in the sleeve 109. Straight sliding plates 110 are arranged at both ends of the pin shaft. Pushing sugarcane rods 107 or pushing sugarcane hooks are arranged at a 90-degree angle inward between the pin shaft and the straight sliding plates, as Figure 12 shown; a chain pressing sliding plate is arranged on the outer side of the conveying chain. Among them, a sprocket 111 larger than the sprocket 105 is also arranged at intervals on the middle sprocket shaft 103, and a circular plate 112 with a diameter larger than the sprocket 105 is also arranged at intervals on the rear sprocket shaft 104. The sprockets 105 arranged at intervals on the sprocket shafts 102 on both sides of the front end are connected by a conveying chain to the sprockets 105 arranged at intervals on the sprocket shafts 103 on both sides of the middle. The sprockets 111 arranged at intervals on the sprocket shafts 103 on both sides of the middle are connected by a conveying chain 106 to the sprockets 105 arranged at intervals on the sprocket shafts 104 on both sides of the rear end.

[0036] At both sides of the rear end, vertical sprocket shafts 104 are arranged at intervals. A 30-tooth sprocket 113 is arranged at the upper end of the sprocket shafts. Another transmission shaft 114 is arranged on one outer side. Bearings, bearing seats, and a 30-tooth sprocket 115 are arranged at intervals on the transmission shaft. The sprocket shafts 104 at both sides of the rear end rotate through a chain connection. One of the transmission shafts rotates in the opposite direction. The 30-tooth sprocket of the transmission shaft 114 arranged on one outer side is driven to rotate by the 30-tooth sprocket arranged at the upper end of a vertical transmission shaft behind a plurality of overlapping continuous spiral blade rollers 116 through a transmission chain. The transmission chain is provided with a tensioning sprocket. A sugarcane leaf blocking plate or a blocking net is arranged on one side of the plurality of overlapping continuous spiral blade rollers, so that the sugarcane leaves thrown out by the rollers are blocked and then slide into the sugarcane row at the bottom of the harvester.

[0037] An outer square tube 117 is arranged above one side behind two rows of erected cane conveying ledge walls. The outer square tube is fixed to the frame by bolts. An inner square tube 118 is sleeved in the outer square tube. A transverse rod 119 is arranged at the upper end of the inner square tube. A vertical transmission shaft 120 is arranged at the outer end of the transverse rod. A circular saw blade 121 is fixed to the lower end of the transmission shaft by a nut. A straight cane tail blocking square tube 122 is arranged below one side of the circular saw blade. The rear end of the square tube is connected to the upper transverse rod. Bearings and bearing seats 123 are arranged at intervals on the transmission shaft. The bearing seats are fixed to the transverse rod 119 by bolts. A hydraulic oil motor 124 is arranged at the upper end of the transmission shaft to drive rotation. The hydraulic oil motor is fixed to the transverse rod 119 by a fixing rod and bolts. One end of the transverse rod is connected to one end 125 of the lifting oil cylinder for lifting. The lifting oil cylinder 126 is fixed to the frame by bolts.

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, the rear end of the cover plate 2 is connected with an inclined cane supporting slide plate 10. The front end of the cane supporting slide plate is arranged at the bottom surface of the rear end of the cover plate 2. A lifting rod 11 is arranged at the bottom surface of the front end of the cane supporting slide plate 10. Both ends of the lifting rod are fixed to the two side frames. The rear end of the cane supporting slide plate 10 is connected to the front bottom of a plurality of overlapping continuous spiral blade rollers. The cane supporting slide plate is connected to the horizontally arranged cane supporting slide plate at the rear through a hinge joint. The two sides of the horizontally arranged cane supporting slide plate are connected and fixed to the frame.

[0039] As Figures 6 - 11In the shown Embodiment 2, the harvesting device of this embodiment includes a cutter head device installed in front of the frame. The cutter head device is an annular cutter head device, which includes a cutter head, a cover plate 2 and a cane blocking tube 3 installed on the cutter head. The cutter head is an annular band saw blade 13. The bottom and top surfaces of the annular band saw blade 13 are inclined at an angle of about 8 degrees to the horizontal plane and are arranged in front of the inlet of the cane conveying roller at the front end of the cane harvester. The width of the annular band saw blade 13 is about 1000 mm, the height is about 700 mm, the width of the band saw blade is about 60 mm, and the thickness is about 1 mm. The annular band saw blade 13 is driven by four saw pressing roller wheels to make the saw blades on the left and right sides run and rotate in a direction close to the vertical direction, and the bottom and top surfaces run and rotate in a direction close to the horizontal plane. The cover plate 2 completely covers the middle and rear parts of the cutter head. The cover plate is a square plate. The front end of the cover plate 2 passes through the inside of the annular band saw blade 13 and is inclined at an angle of about 12 degrees to the horizontal plane with respect to the saw blade segment at the bottom of the annular band saw blade 13 during operation. The front end of the cover plate is installed with a 1-mm gap on the saw blade segment at the bottom of the annular band saw blade 13. The two sides of the cover plate are fixed to the two side frames by bolts 4. There are also erected blocking plates on the two sides of the cover plate, which are fixed to the two side frames by bolts. There are blocking plates (not shown) on the saw blade segments on the left, right and top sides. The distance between the front end of the cover plate and the front working surface of the saw blade segment at the bottom of the annular band saw blade 13 is about 18 mm. This distance is the distance for the front end cut of the circular saw blade to cut the cane roots. A plurality of cane blocking tubes 3 with telescopic front ends are installed at intervals on the cover plate surface. The installation direction of the cane blocking tubes is the same as the advancing direction of the cane. The front ends of the cane blocking tubes extend outwards from the front working surface of the cutter head. The cane blocking tubes are square tubes and are composed of an outer cane blocking tube 3-1 and an inner cane blocking tube 3-2 sleeved together. A compression spring 7 is installed in the outer cane blocking tube 3-1. One end of the compression spring is pressed against a sealing plate 3-3 provided at the rear end inside the outer cane blocking tube 3-1, and the other end is pressed against a partition plate 3-4 provided at the rear end of the inner cane blocking tube 3-2. A long groove 8 is opened on the surface of the inner cane blocking tube 3-2 facing the cover plate 2, that is, a long groove 8 is opened on the bottom surface of the inner cane blocking tube 3-2. A bolt 9 is installed on the bottom surface of the end of the outer cane blocking tube 3-1 sleeved with the inner cane blocking tube 3-2. The inner end of the bolt passes through the long groove, and the outer end of the screw rod is locked outside the outer cane blocking tube by screwing with a nut. A connecting cushion tube 26 is welded to the bottom surface of the outer cane blocking tube. The bottom surface of the connecting cushion tube 26 is welded to the cover plate 2 surface. The long groove is provided on the bottom surface of the inner cane blocking tube to prevent soil and other sundries from entering the long groove and being difficult to fall out during operation.The front end of the sugarcane-blocking inner tube is conical. When the compression spring 7 is in the free state, the conical front end of the sugarcane-blocking inner tube 3-2 extends outward from the working surface at the front end of the cutter head, and the length of the outward extension is 80 mm. After the sugarcane roots are cut off, the sugarcane stalks are swung by the centrifugal force of the circular saw blade cutting in one direction. At this time, the sugarcane-blocking inner tube at the front end of the sugarcane-blocking tube arranged on the cover plate surface is set more than 80 mm in front of the circular saw blade cutting edge, which can effectively prevent the sugarcane stalks from being swung to one side of the circular saw blade. At the same time, when the sugarcane harvester moves forward and there is a pressing sugarcane stalk roller rotating forward and backward above the circular band saw blade, the roots of the sugarcane stalks will slide onto the cover plate surface and into the inlet of the sugarcane stalk conveying roller at the front end of the harvester for conveying. The saw-pressing roller wheel is in the shape of "I", as Figure 7 shown. Four saw-pressing roller wheels are arranged in two rows corresponding to each other up, down, left and right on both side frames. The circular band saw blade 13 is sleeved in the grooves of the four saw-pressing roller wheels. The four saw-pressing roller wheels support the circular band saw blade into a rectangular frame. Among the four saw-pressing roller wheels, one is the driving roller wheel 14, and the other three are driven roller wheels 15. A row of anti-slip protrusions 16 are evenly arranged at intervals in the radial direction in the middle of the groove of the driving roller wheel 14. In other embodiments, it can also be that a row of anti-slip protrusions are evenly arranged at intervals in the radial direction in the middle of the groove of the driven roller wheel. Anti-slip holes 17 corresponding to the protrusions 16 are evenly arranged on the surface of the circular band saw blade 13. The diameter of the anti-slip protrusions 16 is smaller than the diameter of the anti-slip holes 17. When the driving roller wheel drives the circular band saw blade to rotate, the anti-slip protrusions are correspondingly clamped into the anti-slip holes one by one. The driving roller wheel 14 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 18, and the driving roller wheel 14 rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft 18. The transmission shaft is connected to the hydraulic motor 19. The hydraulic motor drives the driving roller wheel to rotate through the transmission shaft. The driving roller wheel drives the circular band saw blade to make a continuous horizontal rotation. The circular band saw blade segment running to the bottom is supported and positioned by the saw-pressing roller wheels on the left and right sides. The surface of the saw blade forms a cutting surface inclined at an angle of 8 degrees with the horizontal plane. In this way, the circular band saw blade is positioned to form a low-angle and horizontal straight cutting of the sugarcane roots at an angle of about 8 degrees with the horizontal plane. It can ensure that the cutting height of the sugarcane roots is consistent, which is conducive to the regeneration and germination of the sugarcane roots in the second year to increase the yield and is conducive to the smooth and orderly entry of the sugarcane stalks into the inlet of the harvester roller. This is something that the double-rotating blades and circular saw blades installed on the current sugarcane harvesters cannot achieve. As Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown in the figure, two slide bars 20 are provided between the driving roller 14 and the hydraulic motor 19. The hydraulic motor is fixed to the front end of this slide bar 20 near the hydraulic motor through bolts and fixing rods. Bearing seats 21 and bearings 22 are respectively provided at corresponding positions on the two slide bars. The transmission shaft 18 passes through the bearing 22. Sleeve 23 is provided at the rear end of each of the two slide bars 20, and the sleeve is fixed to the two side frames through bolts; the front ends of the two slide bars are connected by a connecting rod 24. A tension roller bolt 25 is arranged in parallel between the two slide bars 20. This tension roller bolt passes through a hole provided in the middle of the connecting rod and passes through the bottom of the transmission shaft at a distance. The threaded end of this tension wheel is connected with a nut 27.

[0040] As Figure 9 shown in the figure, the driven roller 15 is connected to the roller fixed shaft 29 through bearings 22 provided at intervals inside it. A transverse through hole 30 is opened on the roller fixed shaft. The front ends of the two driven roller slide bars 31 respectively pass through the two transverse through holes and are fixed to the rear ends on the roller shaft. Driven roller sleeves 32 are respectively provided at the rear ends of the two driven roller slide bars 31, and the driven roller sleeves are fixed to the two side frames through bolts; a tension roller bolt 25 is arranged in parallel between the two driven roller slide bars 31. This tension roller bolt passes through a hole provided on the roller fixed shaft 29, and the threaded end of the tension wheel is connected with a nut.

[0041] A waste discharge slot 33 is provided at the cut of the annular band saw blade 13. Metal abrasive grains 28 are coated on the cut of the annular band saw blade 13, the two surfaces above and below this cut, and the surfaces on both sides of the waste discharge slot. The metal abrasive grains are emery grains, alloy emery grains, diamond abrasive grains, etc. The emery grains have sharp acute angles, super hardness and strength. It can originally cut high-hardness granite floors and can be used for a long time without getting dull when cutting sugarcane roots. When cutting sugarcane roots, there is almost no phenomenon of breaking the head. The reason why the cutting devices of existing sugarcane harvesters all use sharp rectangular blades installed on the outer circumference of the rotating cutter disc and tooth cutters installed on the circular saw blade to cut sugarcane roots is that there are many coarse sands the size of soybeans or peanuts and stones the size of a human fist in the soil of the sugarcane field. As long as the sugarcane harvester walks 20 meters for harvesting, no matter how sharp the blades and tooth cutters are, they will immediately become dull or break. Using the dull blades and tooth cutters to continue cutting sugarcane roots will cause a large number of sugarcane roots to crack, break or be pulverized. Cracking and breaking will cause the sugarcane roots to rot and die, resulting in less or no germination of the sugarcane roots in the second year, thus leading to a reduction in production. This is one of the main reasons why existing farmers do not use sugarcane harvesters to harvest sugarcane.

[0042] The present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A harvesting device of a sugarcane combine harvester, comprising a frame frame, a bottom frame, a conveying chain, a transmission shaft, a sprocket, a sugarcane supporting slide plate, a leaf stripping and guiding roller group and a cutter disc device, wherein the cutter disc device is installed near the front end of the frame frame, and is characterized in that: The cutter disc device includes a cutter disc, a cover plate installed on the cutter disc and a sugarcane intercepting tube, wherein the cover plate covers the middle and rear part of the cutter disc, and the front end of the cover plate is at a distance from the front end working surface of the cutter disc; a plurality of sugarcane intercepting tubes with telescopic function at the front end are installed at intervals on the cover plate surface, and the installation direction of the sugarcane intercepting tube is the same as the forward direction of the sugarcane, and the front end of the sugarcane intercepting tube extends outward from the front end working surface of the cutter disc.

2. The harvesting device of the sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sugarcane intercepting tube is formed by a sugarcane intercepting outer tube and a sugarcane intercepting inner tube being sleeved together. A compression spring is installed in the outer tube, one end of which is crimped onto a sealing plate provided at the rear end of the outer tube, and the other end of which is crimped onto a partition plate provided at the rear end of the inner tube. A long groove is provided on the surface of the inner tube facing the cover plate, and a screw is installed on the bottom surface of the end of the outer tube where the sugarcane intercepting tube and the inner tube are sleeved together and faces downward, one end of the screw passes through the long groove, and the other end of the screw is screwed and locked to the bottom surface of the outer tube by a nut. A connecting pad tube is welded on the same surface of the outer tube and the long groove.

3. The harvesting device of the sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the connecting pad tube is welded to the cover plate surface, and the front end head of the sugarcane intercepting inner tube is conical. When the compression spring is in a free state, the conical front end of the sugarcane intercepting inner tube protrudes outward from the front end working surface of the cutter disc.

4. The harvesting device of the sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The blade disc device is a disc-shaped blade disc device, and its blade disc is a circular saw blade. The cover plate is a "convex" steel plate with an arc-shaped front end and a square rear end. The "convex" steel plate is tilted relative to the circular saw blade, and the front end of the "convex" steel plate is clearance-matched with the top surface of the circular saw blade. The two sides of the "convex" steel plate are fixed to the frames on both sides by bolts; there is a spacing distance between the front end head of the "convex" steel plate and the working surface of the front end head of the circular saw blade. A circular hole is provided on the cover plate at a corresponding position where a bearing seat is installed in the middle of the circular saw blade, and the bearing seat of a driving member for driving the circular saw blade extends out of the circular hole.

5. The harvesting device of the sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear end of the cover plate is crimped with a sugarcane supporting slide plate, and the front end of the sugarcane supporting slide plate extends under the cover plate. A lifting rod is arranged under the front end of the sugarcane supporting slide plate, and both ends of the lifting rod are fixed to the frames on both sides; the rear end of the sugarcane supporting slide plate is connected to the sugarcane supporting slide plate horizontally arranged at the rear through a movable joint, and the two sides of the horizontally arranged sugarcane supporting slide plate are fixed to the frames.

6. The harvesting device of the sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The blade disc device is an annular blade disc device, and its blade disc is an annular band saw blade, which is tilted forward and arranged in front of the entrance of the roller for conveying sugarcane stalks in front of the frame frame. The annular band saw blade is positioned and driven to rotate by four pressure saw rollers, and the pressure saw rollers are in the shape of an "I". The four pressure saw rollers are arranged in two rows on the upper and lower left and right sides of the frames respectively. The four pressure saw rollers position the annular band saw blade so that the annular band saw blade is in the shape of a rectangular frame, and the band saw blades on both sides rotate nearly in an upright state, and the band saw blades on the top and bottom rotate nearly in a horizontal plane; the annular band saw blade is sleeved in the grooves of the four pressure saw rollers; among the four pressure saw rollers, one is an active roller, and the other three are driven rollers.

7. The harvesting device of the sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: A row of anti-skid protrusions are evenly spaced radially in the middle of the groove of the active roller or the driven roller, and anti-skid holes corresponding to the protrusions are evenly arranged on the surface of the annular band saw blade; the active roller is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected to the hydraulic motor, and two transversely arranged sliding rods are provided between the active roller and the hydraulic motor, and corresponding positions of the two sliding rods are provided with bearing seats and bearings, respectively, and the transmission shaft passes through the bearings, and the rear ends of the two sliding rods are respectively provided with sleeves, which are respectively installed on one side frame; the hydraulic motor is connected to the sliding rod through a support rod; the front ends of the two sliding rods are connected by a connecting rod, and a tensioning roller bolt is arranged in parallel between the two sliding rods. The tensioning roller bolt passes through the hole provided in the middle of the connecting rod, and the tensioning roller bolt passes through the bottom of the transmission shaft, and a nut is screwed on its threaded end, and the nut is fixed to one side frame.

8. The harvesting device of the sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driven roller is connected to the roller fixing shaft through bearings arranged at intervals therein, and a transverse through hole is opened on the roller fixing shaft, and the front ends of the two driven roller slide rods pass through and are fixed in the two transverse through holes respectively, and sleeves are respectively provided at the rear ends of the driven roller slide rods, and the sleeves are respectively fixed to one side of the frame; a tensioning roller bolt is arranged in parallel between the two driven roller slide rods, and the tensioning roller bolt passes through a hole provided on the roller fixing shaft, and a nut is screwed on the threaded end thereof, and the nut is fixed to one side of the frame.

9. The harvesting device of the sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cutout of the annular band saw blade is provided with a debris removal slot, and the cutout of the annular band saw blade, the upper and lower surfaces of the cutout, and the surfaces on both sides of the debris removal slot are all coated with metal sand particles.

10. The harvesting device of the sugarcane combine harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cover plate is a square plate, which passes through the annular band saw blade and is inclined relative to the saw segment surface at the bottom of the annular band saw blade. The front end gap of the cover plate is installed on the saw segment surface at the bottom of the annular band saw blade. The two sides of the cover plate are fixed to the two side frames by bolts. The front end head of the cover plate is spaced apart from the front end head working surface of the saw segment at the bottom of the annular band saw blade.

Images