Puncture equipment for department of hepatobiliary surgery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hepatobiliary puncture, in particular to hepatobiliary surgery puncture equipment, and adopts the technical scheme that the hepatobiliary surgery puncture equipment comprises a cannula puncture needle and a handle, the handle is provided with a control mechanism, and the control mechanism controls the cannula puncture needle to perform puncture and sampling operation. The puncture needle comprises an outer needle body arranged outside and an inner needle body arranged in the outer needle body in a telescopic and sliding mode, the rear end of the outer needle body is connected with an outer sleeve shell, the rear end of the inner needle body is connected with a sampling mechanism, the sampling mechanism is located in the outer sleeve shell, an electric telescopic rod is arranged in the outer sleeve shell, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is connected to the sampling mechanism. The front end of the outer needle is provided with a penetrating opening, and the inner needle can extend out of the penetrating opening in a sliding mode. The clinical problems that in the puncture process, blood vessels are punctured by mistake, and postoperative bleeding occurs are solved, and the problems that in the sampling process, sample obtaining is insufficient, efficiency is low, sampling operation is tedious, and trauma to patients is large are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of puncture devices, and particularly to puncture devices for hepatobiliary surgery. Background Art

[0002] In hepatobiliary surgery, puncture operation is an important means to obtain tissue samples, diagnose diseases, and implement treatments. During the puncture process, traditional puncture devices usually use sharp needles for puncture. Although this method can achieve the puncture purpose, there are many drawbacks. The sharp needle is extremely likely to directly pierce blood vessels or bile ducts during the puncture process, thus causing intraoperative bleeding and increasing the surgical risk. Moreover, the cutting and puncturing entry methods adopted by traditional puncture techniques will cause greater damage to tissues. Especially for important structures such as blood vessels, once damaged, it may lead to serious complications, affecting the smooth progress of the surgery and the postoperative recovery of patients.

[0003] In addition, during the sampling process, it is relatively dependent on the operation of the staff, and there are also the following problems: the cutting efficiency is insufficient, resulting in a small sample volume. In the prior art, the advancing speed of the cutting needle is insufficient, and it is unable to quickly cut off tissues, resulting in poor sampling effect and small sampling volume. Furthermore, due to the insufficient single sampling volume in the prior art, repeated punctures are often required, increasing the damage to the patient's tissues caused by repeated punctures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a puncture device for hepatobiliary surgery, and the technical problem to be solved is to solve the clinical problems such as accidental puncture of blood vessels and postoperative bleeding during the puncture process, as well as the problems of insufficient sample acquisition, low efficiency, cumbersome sampling operation, and large trauma to patients during the sampling process.

[0005] To achieve the above invention purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a puncture device for hepatobiliary surgery, including a cannula puncture needle and a handle. A control mechanism is provided on the handle, and the control mechanism controls the cannula puncture needle to perform puncture and sampling operations. The puncture needle includes an outer needle provided on the outside and an inner needle that telescopically and slidably arranges inside the outer needle. The rear end of the outer needle is connected to an outer sleeve, and the rear end of the inner needle is connected to a sampling mechanism. The sampling mechanism is located inside the outer sleeve. An electric telescopic rod is provided inside the outer sleeve, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is connected to the sampling mechanism. The front end of the outer needle is provided with a through hole, and the inner needle can slide out through the through hole.

[0006] Further, the inner needle includes a sampling needle and a cutting needle. The sampling needle slidably arranges inside the cutting needle. The cutting needle is in the shape of a circular tube, and the front end opening is in the shape of a sharp needle and is provided with a blade; the front end of the sampling needle is in the shape of a sharp needle, and a sampling groove is provided near the front end of the sampling needle.

[0007] When sampling with the overall inner needle, first pull the cutting needle to expose the sampling groove of the sampling needle. At this time, due to the elasticity of the tissue, some tissue will enter the sampling groove. Then push the cutting needle, and the front end of the cutting needle will cut the tissue and store it in the sampling groove, thus completing the sampling.

[0008] Further, the sampling mechanism includes a sampling housing and an ejecting sampling device. An inner plate is provided in the sampling housing, and the ejecting sampling device is arranged on the inner plate. The ejecting sampling device includes a driving wheel, a rotating ring, a linkage rod, a slider, an ejecting rod, an ejecting frame, and a sampling motor. The sampling motor is arranged on the inner plate and is drivingly connected to the driving wheel;

[0009] The driving wheel is rotatably arranged on the inner plate, the rotating ring is rotatably arranged on the inner plate and is located outside the driving wheel. A driving arm extends from the driving wheel, a driven arm extends from the rotating ring, and a blocking head is provided on the driven arm. When the driving wheel rotates, it pushes the blocking head, and then pushes the rotating ring to rotate. A chute is provided on the inner plate, the slider is slidably arranged in the chute, both ends of the linkage rod are respectively hinged to the slider and the driven arm, the ejecting rod is connected to the slider, the ejecting frame is arranged on the inner plate, the ejecting rod slidably passes through the ejecting frame, a spring plate is provided on the ejecting rod, a spring is provided on the spring plate, and the spring is sleeved on the ejecting rod and is located inside the ejecting frame. The ejecting rod is connected to the cutting needle, and the sampling needle is connected to the ejecting frame.

[0010] The sampling motor drives the driving wheel to rotate, then the driving arm rotates, then contacts and pushes the blocking head, and then drives the rotating ring to rotate. Then, the ejecting rod is pulled through the linkage rod, and the spring is compressed, and the spring is continuously compressed. When the rotating ring rotates half a circle, it disengages from the driving arm. At this time, the spring loses its pulling force, and then quickly pushes the ejecting rod, and then quickly pushes the cutting needle, improving the cutting effect of sampling.

[0011] Furthermore, to facilitate the entry of tissue into the sampling slot, thereby improving the sampling effect and increasing the volume of the sampled tissue, an automatic adsorption mechanism is provided inside the sampling housing. The automatic adsorption mechanism is disposed on the built-in plate and is located on both sides of the built-in plate respectively with the ejection sampling device. The automatic adsorption mechanism includes a two-way kinetic energy frame, a ratchet, a mounting bracket, and a non-powered vacuum pump. The sampling slot is a hollow structure. The two-way kinetic energy frame is connected to a slider, and the slider drives the two-way kinetic energy frame to slide back and forth. On both sides inside the two-way kinetic energy frame, there are pawls, and the directions of the pawls on both sides are opposite. The mounting bracket is disposed on the built-in plate. The ratchet is rotatably disposed on the mounting bracket, and the ratchet is connected to the pawls on both sides in a matching manner. When the two-way kinetic energy frame slides upward, the right pawl pushes the ratchet to rotate, while the left pawl does not drive the ratchet. When the two-way kinetic energy frame slides downward, the left pawl pushes the ratchet to rotate, while the right pawl does not drive the ratchet. Therefore, when the two-way kinetic energy frame slides up and down, it will drive the ratchet to rotate, and always in the same direction;

[0012] The non-powered vacuum pump is disposed on the mounting bracket. The ratchet is connected to the impeller of the non-powered vacuum pump through a shaft. The rotational force generated by the ratchet is transmitted to the impeller of the non-powered vacuum pump, thereby generating a vacuum adsorption force;

[0013] A vacuum channel connected to the sampling slot is provided inside the sampling needle. The non-powered vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum channel of the sampling needle through a hose.

[0014] Furthermore, the front end of the outer needle is blunt-rounded. Setting the front end of the outer needle to be blunt-rounded can avoid directly piercing blood vessels or bile ducts, reducing the risk of intraoperative bleeding; and through the design of the blunt-rounded outer needle tip, it replaces the traditional entry method of cutting and puncturing with a sharp needle tip. Through the axial pushing force of the outer needle, the tissue is squeezed, and using the ductility of the tissue itself, the tissue fiber gap is opened, thereby forming a puncture channel, which can both reduce the puncture of blood vessels and achieve the effect of penetration.

[0015] Furthermore, to improve the penetration effect of the outer needle, the control device includes a vibration device, and the outer housing is connected to the vibration device.

[0016] In the embodiment, the vibration device is a high-frequency vibration motor. By vibrating, the tissue adhesion force is reduced, making it easier for the blunt tip to separate the tissue. Through the principle of blunt dissection, shear damage to brittle structures such as bile ducts is avoided.

[0017] Further, in order to improve the penetration effect of the outer needle again, the control device further includes a reciprocating rotation mechanism. The reciprocating rotation mechanism includes a rotation housing, a driving gear, a driven gear, and a reciprocating gear. The driving gear and the driven gear are rotatably disposed in the rotation housing, and the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with each other. A first half gear is provided on the driving gear, and a second half gear is provided on the driven gear. The reciprocating gear is rotatably disposed in the rotation housing, and the reciprocating gear is meshed with both the first half gear and the second half gear. When the first half gear is meshed with the reciprocating gear, the second half gear is not in contact with the reciprocating gear. When the second half gear is meshed with the reciprocating gear, the first half gear is not in contact with the reciprocating gear. A motor meshed with the driving gear is provided in the rotation housing;

[0018] A rotation connection shaft is provided on the reciprocating gear. The rotation connection shaft is connected to the vibration device. During the puncture process of the outer needle, the effect of separating tissues is further improved by means of rapid reciprocating rotation.

[0019] Further, in order to improve the effect of separating tissues of the outer needle again, a jet assembly is provided in the outer shell. The jet assembly includes a jet pipeline and a jet generator. The jet pipeline is disposed on the inner wall of the outer needle. The jet outlet of the jet pipeline is located at the front end of the outer needle. The jet generator is connected to the jet pipeline.

[0020] In one embodiment, the jet generator is a fluid injector. The fluid injector is connected to a fluid source or provided with a storage cavity. By injecting physiological saline, tissues can be softened and separated, and further cooperating with the high-frequency vibration and reciprocating rotation of the outer needle, the penetration effect is further improved.

[0021] In one embodiment, the jet generator is a gas pump. By connecting or injecting CO2 gas, the tissue gap is enlarged by means of the air cushion effect.

[0022] Further, a micro sensor window is provided on the outer wall of the blunt round front end of the outer needle, and a micro sensor is integrated inside the micro sensor window.

[0023] The micro sensor is connected to a detection instrument display, and the sensor detection data is displayed through the detection instrument display to provide data for the operator in real time.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting a blunt-round outer needle in combination with high-frequency vibration and reciprocating rotation, and based on the principles of blunt dissection and micro-vibration, the present solution replaces traditional sharp cutting, reduces the shear damage to the blood vessel wall, and is particularly suitable for the safe penetration of brittle tissues in patients with liver cirrhosis. A jet component is set to soften and expand the tissue space; and by setting an ejection sampling device with a spring energy storage and ejection mechanism, the high-speed advancement of the cutting needle can be quickly completed, improving the efficiency compared to traditional manual cutting. With the design of the sampling groove, the sampling volume is guaranteed. A two-way kinetic energy frame and a ratchet transmission mechanism are creatively set. Through the reciprocating movement of the slider, the vacuum pump continuously generates negative pressure to achieve the adsorption effect on the tissue, further improving the integrity rate of the sample. The integrated design of the present solution controls the puncture, sampling, and adsorption function modules in a linked manner, improving the success rate of the sampling operation and avoiding the risk of secondary damage caused by repeated puncture sampling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the whole of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer needle;

[0028] Figure 4 is Figure 3 an enlarged view of A in

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling mechanism;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic adsorption mechanism;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the two-way kinetic energy frame and the ratchet;

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inner needle;

[0033] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling needle;

[0034] List of reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Trocar needle; 2. Handle; 3. Control mechanism; 4. Outer needle; 5. Inner needle; 6. Outer shell; 7. Electric telescopic rod; 8. Sampling mechanism; 9. Penetration outlet; 10. Sampling needle; 11. Cutting needle; 12. Sampling groove; 13. Sampling housing; 14. Ejection sampling device; 15. Built-in plate; 16. Driving wheel; 17. Rotating ring; 18. Linking rod; 19. Slide block; 20. Ejection rod; 21. Ejection frame; 22. Sampling motor; 23. Driving arm; 24. Driven arm; 25. Blocking head; 26. Spring plate; 27. Automatic adsorption mechanism; 28. Bi-directional kinetic energy frame; 29. Ratchet; 30. Placement rack; 31. Power-free vacuum pump; 32. Pawl; 33. Speed-increasing mechanism; 34. Vacuum channel; 35. Hose; 36. Vibration device; 37. Reciprocating and advancing mechanism; 38. Advancing outer shell; 39. Driving gear; 40. Driven gear; 41. Reciprocating gear; 42. First half gear; 43. Second half gear; 44. Advancing connecting shaft; 45. Jet pipeline; 46. Jet generator; 47. Jet outlet; 48. Micro sensor window. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] The following will further illustrate the detailed implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Among them, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" respectively refer to the directions towards or away from the geometric center of a specific component.

[0038] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment

[0040] A hepatobiliary surgery puncture device includes a trocar needle 1 and a handle 2. A control mechanism 3 is provided on the handle 2, and the control mechanism 3 controls the trocar needle 1 to perform puncture and sampling operations. The puncture needle includes an outer needle 4 provided outside and an inner needle 5 that telescopically and slidably arranges inside the outer needle 4. The rear end of the outer needle 4 is connected to the outer shell 6, and the rear end of the inner needle 5 is connected to the sampling mechanism 8. The sampling mechanism 8 is located inside the outer shell 6. An electric telescopic rod 7 is provided inside the outer shell 6, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 7 is connected to the sampling mechanism 8. A penetration outlet 9 is provided at the front end of the outer needle 4, and the inner needle 5 can slidably extend out of the penetration outlet 9.

[0041] Among them, the inner needle 5 includes a sampling needle 10 and a cutting needle 11. The sampling needle 10 is slidably disposed within the cutting needle 11. The cutting needle 11 is in the shape of a circular tube, and the front end opening is in the shape of a sharp needle and is provided with a blade. The front end of the sampling needle 10 is in the shape of a sharp needle, and a sampling groove 12 is provided near the front end of the sampling needle 10.

[0042] When the overall inner needle 5 samples, first pull the cutting needle 11 to expose the sampling groove 12 of the sampling needle 10. At this time, due to the elasticity of the tissue, part of the tissue will enter the sampling groove 12. Then push the cutting needle 11, and the front end of the cutting needle 11 will cut the tissue and store it in the sampling groove 12, thus completing the sampling.

[0043] The sampling mechanism 8 includes a sampling housing 13 and an ejecting sampling device 14. An inner built-in plate 15 is provided within the sampling housing 13. The ejecting sampling device 14 is disposed on the inner built-in plate 15. The ejecting sampling device 14 includes a driving wheel 16, a rotating ring 17, a linkage rod 18, a slider 19, an ejecting rod 20, an ejecting frame 21, and a sampling motor 22. The sampling motor 22 is disposed on the inner built-in plate 15 and is drivingly connected to the driving wheel 16.

[0044] In the embodiment, the sampling motor 22 is a stepping motor.

[0045] The driving wheel 16 is rotatably disposed on the inner built-in plate 15. The rotating ring 17 is rotatably disposed on the inner built-in plate 15 and is located outside the driving wheel 16. A driving arm 23 extends from the driving wheel 16. A driven arm 24 extends from the rotating ring 17. A blocking head 25 is provided on the driven arm 24. When the driving wheel 16 rotates, it pushes the blocking head 25, thereby driving the rotating ring to rotate. A sliding groove is provided on the inner built-in plate. The slider 19 is slidably disposed within the sliding groove. The two ends of the linkage rod 18 are respectively hinged to the slider 19 and the driven arm 24. The ejecting rod 20 is connected to the slider 19. The ejecting frame 21 is disposed on the inner built-in plate 15. The ejecting rod 20 slidably passes through the ejecting frame 21. A spring plate 26 is provided on the ejecting rod 20. A spring is provided on the spring plate 26, and the spring is sleeved on the ejecting rod 20 and is located within the ejecting frame 21. The ejecting rod 20 is connected to the cutting needle 11, and the sampling needle 10 is connected to the ejecting frame 21.

[0046] The sampling motor 22 drives the driving wheel 16 to rotate, thereby driving the driving arm 23 to rotate. Then it contacts and pushes the blocking head 25, thereby driving the rotating ring to rotate. Then it pulls the ejecting rod 20 through the linkage rod 18 and compresses the spring, and continuously compresses the spring. When the rotating ring rotates half a circle, it disengages from the driving arm 23. At this time, the spring loses its pulling force, thereby quickly pushing the ejecting rod 20, and then quickly pushing the cutting needle 11 to improve the cutting effect of sampling.

[0047] In order to facilitate the tissue to enter the sampling slot 12, thereby improving the sampling effect and increasing the volume of the sampled tissue, an automatic adsorption mechanism 27 is provided in the sampling shell 13. The automatic adsorption mechanism 27 is provided on the built-in plate 15, and is located on both sides of the built-in plate 15 with the ejection sampling device 14. The automatic adsorption mechanism 27 includes a two-way kinetic energy frame 28, a ratchet 29, a placement frame 30, and a non-powered vacuum pump 31. The sampling slot 12 is a hollow structure. The two-way kinetic energy frame 28 is connected to the slider 19, and the slider 19 drives the two-way kinetic energy frame 28 to slide back and forth. Ratchets 32 are provided on both sides of the two-way kinetic energy frame 28. , and the directions of the pawls 32 on both sides are opposite, the placement frame 30 is arranged on the built-in plate 15, the ratchet 29 is rotatably arranged on the placement frame 30, and the ratchet 29 and the pawls 32 on both sides are matched and connected, when the two-way kinetic energy frame 28 slides upward, the pawl 32 on the right side pushes the ratchet 29 to rotate, and the pawl 32 on the left side does not drive the ratchet 29, when the two-way kinetic energy frame 28 slides downward, the pawl 32 on the left side pushes the ratchet 29 to rotate, and the pawl 32 on the right side does not drive the ratchet 29, therefore, when the two-way kinetic energy frame 28 slides up and down, it will drive the ratchet 29 to rotate, and it is always in the same direction;

[0048] The unpowered vacuum pump 31 is arranged on the mounting frame 30, and the ratchet 29 is connected to the impeller of the unpowered vacuum pump 31 through the shaft. The rotational force generated by the ratchet 29 is transmitted to the impeller of the unpowered vacuum pump 31, thereby generating a vacuum adsorption force;

[0049] In the embodiment, a speed increasing mechanism 33 is provided between the non-powered vacuum pump 31 and the ratchet 29, and the driving force on the impeller is further increased through the transmission of the gear set, thereby further increasing the vacuum adsorption force.

[0050] The sampling needle 10 is provided with a vacuum channel 34 connected to the sampling slot 12 , and the unpowered vacuum pump 31 is connected to the vacuum channel 34 of the sampling needle 10 via a hose 35 .

[0051] The front end of the outer needle 4 is blunt-rounded, and setting the front end of the outer needle 4 to a blunt-rounded shape can avoid directly puncturing the blood vessels or bile ducts, thereby reducing the risk of bleeding during surgery; and the blunt-round outer needle 4 head design replaces the traditional entry method of cutting and puncturing with a sharp needle, and the axial propulsion force of the outer needle 4 is used to squeeze the tissue, and the ductility of the tissue itself is used to open the gap between tissue fibers, thereby forming a puncture channel, thereby reducing the puncture of the blood vessels and achieving the effect of penetration.

[0052] Furthermore, in order to improve the penetration effect of the outer needle 4, the control device includes a vibration device 36, and the outer shell 6 is connected to the vibration device 36.

[0053] In an embodiment, the vibration device 36 is a high-frequency vibration motor (frequency > 200 Hz, amplitude < 50 μm). By vibrating, the tissue adhesion force is reduced, making it easier for the blunt tip to separate the tissue. Through the principle of blunt dissection, shear damage to brittle structures such as bile ducts is avoided.

[0054] To further improve the penetration effect of the outer needle 4, the control device further includes a reciprocating and advancing mechanism 37. The reciprocating and advancing mechanism 37 includes an advancing housing 38, a driving gear 39, a driven gear 40, and a reciprocating gear 41. The driving gear 39 and the driven gear 40 are rotatably arranged in the advancing housing 38 and are meshed with each other. A first half gear 42 is provided on the driving gear 39, and a second half gear 43 is provided on the driven gear 40. The reciprocating gear 41 is rotatably arranged in the advancing housing 38 and is meshed with both the first half gear 42 and the second half gear 43. When the first half gear 42 is meshed with the reciprocating gear 41, the second half gear 43 is not in contact with the reciprocating gear 41. When the second half gear 43 is meshed with the reciprocating gear 41, the first half gear 42 is not in contact with the reciprocating gear 41. An electric motor meshed with the driving gear 39 is provided in the advancing housing 38;

[0055] A reciprocating connection shaft 44 is provided on the reciprocating gear 41. The reciprocating connection shaft 44 is connected to the vibration device 36. During the puncture of the outer needle 4, the effect of separating tissue is further improved by means of rapid reciprocating rotation.

[0056] To further improve the effect of separating the outer needle 4, a jet assembly is provided in the outer housing 6. The jet assembly includes a jet pipe 45 and a jet generator 46. The jet pipe 45 is arranged on the inner wall of the outer needle 4, and the jet outlet 47 of the jet pipe 45 is located at the front end of the outer needle 4. The jet generator 46 is connected to the jet pipe 45.

[0057] In one embodiment, the jet generator 46 is a fluid injector. The fluid injector is connected to a fluid source or provided with a storage cavity. By injecting physiological saline, the tissue can be softened and separated, further cooperating with the high-frequency vibration and reciprocating advancement of the outer needle 4 to further improve the penetration effect. The pressure of the physiological saline ejected by the fluid injector is less than 5 bar.

[0058] In one embodiment, the jet generator 46 is a gas pump. By connecting or injecting CO2 gas, the tissue gap is enlarged by the air cushion effect.

[0059] A micro sensor window 48 is provided on the outer wall of the blunt round front end of the outer needle 4, and a micro sensor is integrated inside the micro sensor window 48.

[0060] In an embodiment, an optical fiber temperature sensor is disposed within the micro sensor window 48 to identify metabolically active regions (such as inflammation or tumors) and ischemic regions. The temperature of the tumor region is usually 1-3 °C higher than that of normal tissues, which can assist in localizing early canceration; when a sudden temperature drop (possibly a blood vessel) is detected, the system automatically triggers an avoidance warning.

[0061] A near-infrared spectroscopy sensor is disposed within the micro sensor window 48, including a micro LED light source and a photodiode array, and analyzes the tissue oxygenation state (StO2) and hemoglobin concentration through the reflection spectrum (wavelength 650-950 nm). The StO2 of the blood vessel region is >80%, and the StO2 of the solid tissue is <60%, accurately distinguishing blood vessels from the liver parenchyma; the bile duct obstruction region shows a characteristic absorption peak (wavelength 940 nm) due to bile stasis.

[0062] A micro ultrasonic probe is disposed within the micro sensor window 48, emitting high-frequency ultrasonic waves (20-40 MHz), receiving echoes to generate a local microscopic image (resolution 50 μm). It can display microcalcifications (a sign of liver cancer) or the layered structure of the bile duct wall within 0.5 mm in front of the needle tip in real time. When a cystic structure (such as a liver cyst) is detected, the puncture is automatically paused.

[0063] A pH sensor is disposed within the micro sensor window 48 to detect the pH value of the interstitial fluid (range 5.0-8.0) and judge local ischemia or necrosis.

[0064] The micro sensor is connected to the display of the detection instrument, and the detection data of the sensor is displayed through the display of the detection instrument, providing real-time data for the operator.

[0065] During specific use, first, the puncture site of the patient is anesthetized, and a small incision is made through surgery, and then the puncture operation is performed. The doctor holds the handle 2, inserts the outer needle 4, and turns on the vibration device 36. Through the vibration of the high-frequency vibration motor, with the frequency >200 Hz and the amplitude <50 μm, the outer needle 4 starts to vibrate to reduce the tissue adhesion force during subsequent punctures.

[0066] The reciprocating advancing mechanism 37 is started. The motor within the advancing housing 38 drives the driving gear 39 to rotate. The driving gear 39 meshes with the driven gear 40, causing the first half gear 42 and the second half gear 43 to alternately mesh with the reciprocating gear 41, thereby driving the reciprocating gear 41 to rotate rapidly back and forth, and further driving the outer needle 4 and the vibration device 36 to perform rapid reciprocating rotational movements synchronously, further improving the puncture effect.

[0067] Align the blunt round front end of the outer needle 4 with the target puncture site, use the axial pushing force of the outer needle 4 to squeeze the tissue, and rely on the ductility of the tissue itself to expand the tissue fiber gap to form a puncture channel. Since the front end of the outer needle 4 is blunt round, it can effectively avoid directly piercing blood vessels or bile ducts and reduce the risk of intraoperative bleeding.

[0068] During the puncture process, the jet component on the outer needle 4 starts to work. When the jet generator 46 is a fluid injector, inject normal saline at a pressure of <5 bar to soften and separate the tissue, and cooperate with the high-frequency vibration and reciprocating rotation of the outer needle 4 to improve the penetration effect; when the jet generator 46 is a gas pump, inject gas and use the air cushion effect to expand the tissue space to assist the puncture.

[0069] All kinds of micro sensors in the micro sensor window 48 work in real time. The fiber optic temperature sensor identifies metabolically active areas (such as inflammation or tumors) and ischemic areas, and triggers an avoidance warning when a sudden drop in temperature (possibly a blood vessel) is detected; the near-infrared spectroscopy sensor analyzes the tissue oxygenation state (StO2) and hemoglobin concentration through the reflection spectrum (wavelength 650 - 950 nm), accurately distinguishes blood vessels from liver parenchyma, and at the same time identifies the characteristic absorption peak (wavelength 940 nm) in the bile duct obstruction area; the micro ultrasonic probe emits high-frequency ultrasonic waves (20 - 40 MHz), receives the echo to generate a local microscopic image (resolution 50 μm), and displays the microcalcification (a sign of liver cancer) or the bile duct wall stratification structure within 0.5 mm in front of the needle tip in real time, and automatically pauses the puncture when a cystic structure (such as a liver cyst) is detected; the pH sensor detects the pH value of the interstitial fluid (range 5.0 - 8.0) to judge local ischemia or necrosis. The detector display presents the data detected by these sensors in real time to provide an operation basis for the doctor.

[0070] When the outer needle 4 punctures in place, the doctor operates the electric telescopic rod 7 to push the inner needle 5 out of the outer needle 4, controls the sampling motor 22 to start, the sampling motor 22 drives the driving wheel 16 to rotate, the driving arm 23 rotates and then contacts and pushes the blocking head 25, and then drives the rotating ring to rotate, and then pulls the ejecting rod 20 through the linkage rod 18, and squeezes the spring, and continuously squeezes the spring. At this time, the ejecting rod 20 pulls the cutting needle 11, so that the sampling groove 12 on the sampling needle 10 is exposed; when the rotating ring rotates half a circle, it disengages from the driving arm 23. At this time, the spring loses its pulling force, and then quickly pushes the ejecting rod 20, and then quickly pushes the cutting needle 11. The instantaneous ejection force of the cutting needle 11 cuts the tissue and stores it in the sampling groove 12.

[0071] During cutting, the slider 19 reciprocates, driving the double-direction kinetic energy frame 28 to reciprocate at the same time. When the double-direction kinetic energy frame 28 slides upward, it drives the ratchet wheel 29 to rotate continuously. The rotational force generated by the ratchet wheel 29 is transmitted to the impeller of the non-power source vacuum pump 31, thereby generating a vacuum adsorption force, generating an adsorption force from the sampling groove 12, improving the adsorption tissue effect, and further improving the sampling effect.

[0072] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hepatobiliary surgical puncture device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cannula puncture needle (1) and a handle (2). The handle (2) is provided with a control mechanism (3). The control mechanism (3) controls the cannula puncture needle (1) to perform puncture and sampling operations. The puncture needle comprises an outer needle (4) arranged outside, and an inner needle (5) telescopically and slidably arranged inside the outer needle (4). The rear end of the outer needle (4) is connected to an outer shell (6). The rear end of the inner needle (5) is connected to a sampling mechanism (8). The sampling mechanism (8) is located inside the outer shell (6). An electric telescopic rod (7) is arranged inside the outer shell (6). The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (7) is connected to the sampling mechanism (8). The front end of the outer needle (4) is provided with a penetration port (9). The inner needle (5) can slide out of the penetration port (9).

2. The hepatobiliary surgical puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner needle (5) comprises a sampling needle (10) and a cutting needle (11); the sampling needle (10) is slidably arranged in the cutting needle (11); the cutting needle (11) is in a circular tube shape, and the front end opening is in a sharp needle shape and is provided with a blade; the front end of the sampling needle (10) is in a sharp needle shape, and the sampling needle (10) is provided with a sampling groove (12) near the front end.

3. The hepatobiliary surgical puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling mechanism (8) comprises a sampling housing (13) and an ejection sampling device (14); a built-in plate (15) is provided in the sampling housing (13); the ejection sampling device (14) is arranged on the built-in plate (15); the ejection sampling device (14) comprises a driving wheel (16), a rotating ring (17), a linkage rod (18), a slider (19), an ejection rod (20), an ejection frame (21) and a sampling motor (22); the sampling motor (22) is arranged on the built-in plate (15) and is drivingly connected to the driving wheel (16); The driving wheel (16) is rotatably arranged on the built-in plate (15), the rotating ring (17) is rotatably arranged on the built-in plate (15) and is located outside the driving wheel (16), a driving arm (23) is extended from the driving wheel (16), a driven arm (24) is extended from the rotating ring (17), a blocking head (25) is provided on the driven arm (24), when the driving wheel (16) rotates, the blocking head (25) is pushed, and then the rotating ring is driven to rotate, a sliding groove is provided on the built-in plate, the slider (19) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and the linkage rod ( The two ends of the ejection rod (20) are respectively hinged to the slider (19) and the driven arm (24), the ejection rod (20) is connected to the slider (19), the ejection frame (21) is arranged on the built-in plate (15), the ejection rod (20) slides through the ejection frame (21), the ejection rod (20) is provided with a spring plate (26), the spring plate (26) is provided with a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the ejection rod (20), and the spring is located in the ejection frame (21), the ejection rod (20) is connected to the cutting needle (11), and the ejection frame (21) is connected to the sampling needle (10).

4. The hepatobiliary surgical puncture device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An automatic adsorption mechanism (27) is provided in the sampling housing (13). The automatic adsorption mechanism (27) is provided on the built-in plate (15), and is located on both sides of the built-in plate (15) with the ejection sampling device (14). The automatic adsorption mechanism (27) comprises a bidirectional kinetic energy frame (28), a ratchet (29), a placement frame (30), and a vacuum pump without a power source (31). The sampling slot (12) is a hollow structure. The bidirectional kinetic energy frame (28) is connected to a slider (19). The slider (19) drives the bidirectional kinetic energy frame (28) to slide back and forth. Ratchets (32) are provided on both sides of the bidirectional kinetic energy frame (28). , and the directions of the ratchet pawls (32) on both sides are opposite, the mounting frame (30) is arranged on the built-in plate (15), the ratchet (29) is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame (30), and the ratchet (29) and the ratchet pawls (32) on both sides are matched and connected; the unpowered source vacuum pump (31) is arranged on the mounting frame (30), and the ratchet (29) is connected to the impeller of the unpowered source vacuum pump (31) through a shaft; a vacuum channel (34) connected to the sampling slot (12) is provided in the sampling needle (10), and the unpowered source vacuum pump (31) is connected to the vacuum channel (34) of the sampling needle (10) through a hose (35).

5. The hepatobiliary surgical puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the outer needle (4) is in a blunt circular shape.

6. The hepatobiliary surgical puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control device comprises a vibration device (36), and the outer shell (6) is connected to the vibration device (36).

7. The hepatobiliary surgical puncture device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control device further comprises a reciprocating precession mechanism (37), the reciprocating precession mechanism (37) comprising a precession housing (38), a driving gear (39), a driven gear (40) and a reciprocating gear (41), the driving gear (39) and the driven gear (40) being rotatably arranged in the precession housing (38), and the driving gear (39) and the driven gear (40) being meshed with each other, the driving gear (39) being provided with a first half gear (42), the driven gear (40) being provided with a second half gear (43), the reciprocating gear (41) being rotatably arranged in the precession housing (38), and The reciprocating gear (41) is meshed with the first half gear (42) and the second half gear (43); when the first half gear (42) is meshed with the reciprocating gear (41), the second half gear (43) and the reciprocating gear (41) are not in contact; when the second half gear (43) is meshed with the reciprocating gear (41), the first half gear (42) and the reciprocating gear (41) are not in contact; a motor meshed with the driving gear (39) is arranged in the screw-in housing (38); and a screw-in connecting shaft (44) is arranged on the reciprocating gear (41); the screw-in connecting shaft (44) is connected to the vibration device (36).

8. The hepatobiliary surgical puncture device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A jet component is provided inside the outer shell (6), and the jet component includes a jet pipe (45) and a jet generator (46). The jet pipe (45) is provided on the inner wall of the outer needle (4), and the jet outlet (47) of the jet pipe (45) is located at the front end of the outer needle (4). The jet generator (46) and the jet pipe (45) are connected.

9. The hepatobiliary surgical puncture device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the blunt circular front end of the outer needle (4) is provided with a micro sensor window (48), and a micro sensor is integrated inside the micro sensor window (48).

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