Shrimp-claw-imitating soft and hard composite flow guide multifunctional surface structure and hull structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a shrimp-claw-imitating soft and hard composite material diversion multifunctional surface structure and a hull structure, the multifunctional surface structure comprises a substrate layer, a buffer layer arranged on the substrate layer and a surface layer arranged on the buffer layer, the buffer layer is in a convex shape, the substrate layer and the buffer layer are made of elastic materials, and the surface layer is made of high-hardness materials. After the structure is laid on a ship body, the surface layer made of the high-hardness material on the outer layer can effectively isolate seawater from directly contacting with the ship body structure, so that the corrosion and erosion risks are reduced; meanwhile, the inner base layer made of the elastic material and the buffer layer can effectively absorb and dissipate pulse pressure generated by water flow and wave impact on the ship body in the ship navigation process through deformation, the impact resistance is improved, the scouring effect of turbulence pulsation on the ship body is reduced, and ship body vibration is reduced; fatigue damage and crack generation caused by pulse pressure are reduced or even avoided, and the service life of the ship body is remarkably prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of ship engineering and bionic materials, and particularly to a multi-functional surface structure for flow guiding of a shrimp-claw imitating hard and soft composite material and a hull structure. Background Art

[0002] The hull outer shell is an important part of a ship. During navigation, it needs to withstand water flow impact, wave loads, and seawater corrosion. Therefore, the selection and optimization of its surface material are crucial. Traditionally, metal coatings or elastic material coatings are usually used on the hull surface to cope with complex sea conditions. However, there are obvious limitations in the design of single materials in practical applications: Although metal coatings have high strength and hardness, their impact resistance is limited, and they are easily damaged when subjected to strong wave impacts or collisions with sharp objects; while elastic materials, although having a certain shock-absorbing effect, are not only easily damaged by impacts due to insufficient hardness, but also difficult to effectively reduce water flow resistance. Therefore, how to optimize the hydrodynamic performance while ensuring impact resistance has become a key problem in the design of hull surface materials. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, a multi-functional surface structure for flow guiding of a shrimp-claw imitating hard and soft composite material and a hull structure are provided, aiming to optimize the hydrodynamic performance and improve the durability of the hull.

[0004] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional surface structure for flow guiding of a shrimp-claw imitating hard and soft composite material, including a base layer, a buffer layer provided on the base layer, and a surface layer provided on the buffer layer. The buffer layer is in a convex shape. The base layer and the buffer layer are made of elastic materials, and the surface layer is made of high-hardness materials.

[0006] Specifically, the thickness of the base layer is 15 - 30 mm.

[0007] Specifically, the thickness of the surface layer is 2 - 3 mm.

[0008] Specifically, the base layer and the buffer layer are integrally formed.

[0009] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a hull structure, on which the multi-functional surface structure for flow guiding of a shrimp-claw imitating hard and soft composite material is laid.

[0010] Specifically, on both sides of the hull, in the horizontal direction, the multi-functional surface structure for flow guiding of a shrimp-claw imitating hard and soft composite material is horizontally laid on the hull from the bow to the stern from front to back, and in the vertical direction, the multi-functional surface structure for flow guiding of a shrimp-claw imitating hard and soft composite material is sequentially laid on the hull from the bottom to the side from bottom to top.

[0011] Specifically, on both sides of the bulbous bow, the multi-functional surface structure of the shrimp-claw-like soft-hard composite material for flow guidance is horizontally laid on the bulbous bow from the end far away from the hull to the junction of the bulbous bow and the hull in the horizontal direction, and is successively laid on the bulbous bow from bottom to top from the bottom of the bulbous bow to the top of the bulbous bow in the vertical direction.

[0012] Specifically, a multi-functional surface structure of the shrimp-claw-like soft-hard composite material for flow guidance is also laid from bottom to top along the transverse symmetry line of the hull at the junction of the bulbous bow and the hull.

[0013] Specifically, a multi-functional surface structure of the shrimp-claw-like soft-hard composite material for flow guidance is also laid along the center line of the bulbous bow on the bulbous bow.

[0014] Specifically, the peak height of the buffer layer in the multi-functional surface structure of the shrimp-claw-like soft-hard composite material is H / 40, and the bottom width is H / 50, where H is the height of the hull.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0016] Through multiple functional designs such as fluid optimization, anti-impact protection, and improvement of corrosion resistance and durability, the multi-functional surface structure of the shrimp-claw-like soft-hard composite material of the present invention has significant advantages in aspects such as reducing energy consumption, enhancing the stability of the hull, and extending the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is the front view structural schematic diagram of the surface structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is the laying cross-sectional view of the surface structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is the laying schematic diagram of the surface structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the hull;

[0020] Figure 4 It is the laying schematic diagram of the surface structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the bulbous bow;

[0021] Figure 5 It is the flow guiding principle diagram of the surface structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is the anti-pulse pressure principle diagram of the surface structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the drawings: 1. Base layer; 2. Buffer layer; 3. Surface layer; 4. Hull; 5. Bulbous bow; 6. Center line of the bulbous bow. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it is not limited to the present invention.

[0027] Research shows that the double-layer structure of the shrimp chela is composed of the combination of its outer layer with high hardness and inner layer with high toughness. The double-layer structure of the shrimp chela makes the outer carapace extremely hard, and the unique curve provides excellent compressive and impact resistance; while the inner tissue has a certain flexibility and undergoes appropriate bending and deformation during the movement of the shrimp chela, thus increasing the adaptability and durability of the structure. In the present invention, by imitating the shape and structure of the shrimp chela, a double-layer structure with a soft and hard composite material is designed, which can achieve more efficient flow guiding, drag reduction and anti-pulse pressure effects in a fluid.

[0028] Specifically, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, the multi-functional flow guiding surface structure of the soft and hard composite material imitating the shrimp chela provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a base layer 1, a buffer layer 2 provided on the base layer 1, and a surface layer 3 provided on the buffer layer 2. The buffer layer 2 is in a convex shape. The base layer 1 (the thickness of the base layer 1 is 15 - 30 mm) and the buffer layer 2 are made of an elastic material (such as polyurethane elastomer), and the surface layer 3 is made of a high-hardness material (such as tungsten carbide steel, and the surface layer 3 can be evenly sprayed on the surface of the buffer layer 2 by spraying, and the thickness of the surface layer 3 is 2 - 3 mm).

[0029] After the above structure is laid on the hull, the surface layer 3 made of a high-hardness material can effectively isolate the direct contact between seawater and the hull structure, thereby reducing the risks of corrosion and erosion; at the same time, the base layer 1 and the buffer layer 2 made of an elastic material inside can effectively absorb and dissipate the pulse pressure generated by the impact of water flow and waves on the hull during the navigation of the ship through deformation, improve the anti-impact ability, reduce the scouring effect of turbulent pulsation on the hull, reduce the hull vibration, reduce and even avoid the fatigue damage and crack generation caused by pulse pressure, and significantly extend the service life of the hull. The combined action of the above two can effectively improve the durability of the hull shell, thereby enhancing the long-term use performance of the hull and improving the structural safety of the hull.

[0030] Such as Figure 3 、 Figure 4As shown, in the present invention, the above-mentioned shrimp-claw-like soft and hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure hull structure can be laid on the hull structure by an adhesive. Specifically, on both sides of the hull 4, the shrimp-claw-like soft and hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure is horizontally laid on the hull 4 from the bow to the stern from front to back in the horizontal direction, and the shrimp-claw-like soft and hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure is laid on the hull 4 from the bottom to the side of the ship from bottom to top in succession in the vertical direction; on both sides of the bow 5, the shrimp-claw-like soft and hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure is horizontally laid on the bow 5 from the end of the bow 5 away from the hull to the junction of the bow 5 and the hull from front to back in the horizontal direction, and the shrimp-claw-like soft and hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure is laid on the bow 5 from the bottom to the top of the bow 5 from bottom to top in succession in the vertical direction.

[0031] When a ship is sailing on the sea, there is friction and vortex resistance between the hull and the seawater. These resistances act on the surface of the hull, causing the ship to be affected by resistance. When sailing on the sea, the hull will also encounter impact force from waves. When the hull passes through the waves, the shape and movement of the waves will cause the water flow to accelerate and change, thereby generating a pressure gradient, which will cause the pressure on the surface of the hull to increase or decrease instantaneously, forming turbulent pulse pressure. In addition, the force generated by the impact of waves will act on the sides and bottom of the hull, causing the hull to vibrate and vibrate. Figure 5 As shown, a concave groove (such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the fluid in the forward direction of the bow will flow along the shrimp claw-like concave grooves during navigation, thereby achieving directional guidance of the fluid, reducing turbulence and damping, and thus improving the transmission efficiency and control ability of the hull. Figure 6 As shown, the base layer 1 and the buffer layer 2 made of elastic material can reduce the load of the hull structure by generating a certain elastic deformation to protect the hull shell.

[0032] It should be noted that in order to reduce the navigation resistance of the hull, when actually laid on the hull structure, the upper and lower adjacent multifunctional surface structures have a smooth transition through the outer surface layer 3 (during laying, the thickness of the base layer 1 can be adjusted so that the multifunctional surface structure changes with the ship shape while meeting the smooth transition requirements).

[0033] Furthermore, in order to enhance the above-mentioned effects, in the present invention, a shrimp-like soft and hard composite material diversion multifunctional surface structure can be further laid from bottom to top along the lateral symmetry line of the hull at the junction of the bow and the ship; further, in order to optimize fluid separation and increase the collision capability of the bow of the ship, a shrimp-like soft and hard composite material diversion multifunctional surface structure can be further laid on the bow along the center line 6 of the bow.

[0034] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and thus do not limit the implementation manners and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it should be realized that all the equivalent replacements and obvious changes made by using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shrimp-like soft and hard composite material with a multifunctional flow-guiding surface structure, characterized in that: It comprises a base layer, a buffer layer arranged on the base layer and a surface layer arranged on the buffer layer, the buffer layer is convex, the base layer and the buffer layer are made of elastic material, and the surface layer is made of high hardness material.

2. The shrimp-claw-like soft-hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thickness of the base layer is 15-30 mm.

3. The shrimp-claw-like soft-hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the surface layer is 2-3 mm.

4. The shrimp-claw-like soft-hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The base layer and the buffer layer are integrally formed.

5. Hull structure, characterized in that, It comprises the shrimp-claw imitating soft and hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the shrimp-claw imitating soft and hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure is laid on the hull structure.

6. The hull structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: On both sides of the hull, the shrimp-claw-like soft and hard composite material diversion multifunctional surface structure is horizontally laid on the hull from the bow to the stern and from front to back in the horizontal direction, and the shrimp-claw-like soft and hard composite material diversion multifunctional surface structure is laid on the hull from the bottom to the side of the ship in a sequential manner from bottom to top in the vertical direction.

7. The hull structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: On both sides of the bow, the shrimp-like soft and hard composite material diversion multifunctional surface structure is horizontally laid on the bow from front to back from one end of the bow away from the hull to the junction of the bow and the hull in the horizontal direction, and the shrimp-like soft and hard composite material diversion multifunctional surface structure is laid on the bow from bottom to top in the vertical direction from the bottom of the bow to the top of the bow.

8. The hull structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A shrimp-claw-like soft-hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure is also laid from bottom to top along the transverse symmetry line of the hull at the junction of the bow and the hull.

9. The hull structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A shrimp-claw-like soft-hard composite material flow-guiding multifunctional surface structure is also laid along the center line of the bow.

10. The hull structure according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that: The wave crest height of the buffer layer in the multifunctional surface structure of the shrimp claw soft and hard composite material is H / 40, and the bottom width is H / 50, where H is the height of the hull.

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