A coaxial reducer

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of reducers, specifically a coaxial reducer, comprising a casing and an output shaft, the output shaft being rotatably connected to the surface of the casing, a resistance component being arranged inside the casing, the resistance component being used to increase the rotational resistance of the output shaft, a driving component being arranged inside the casing, the driving component being used to drive the resistance component to increase the rotational resistance of the output shaft, the resistance component comprising a support plate and a rubber pad, the top end of the support plate being rotatably connected to the interior of the casing, the rubber pad being arranged on the surface of the support plate, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that in the existing gear coaxial reducer, when the input shaft stops, the output shaft still maintains a rotation tendency due to the load inertia, and its inertia torque will be transmitted in reverse to the stopped input shaft through the gear pair, causing the gear tooth surface to bear a large instantaneous reverse impact load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reducers, and in particular to a coaxial reducer. Background Art

[0002] A coaxial reducer is a transmission device whose core feature is that the input shaft and the output shaft are on the same central axis. It has a compact structure and occupies little space. It is suitable for scenarios where the power transmission direction needs to be coaxial and the installation position is limited. This type of reducer uses internal transmission components to achieve the conversion of speed and torque. According to different transmission forms, it can be divided into various types such as gear type and worm type. Among them, the coaxial gear reducer is one of the most typical applications. It uses a gear pair as the core transmission component. Through the engagement of the driving gear and the driven gear, the rotational motion of the input shaft is smoothly transmitted to the output shaft. It has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, strong reliability, and easy maintenance. It is widely used in industrial machinery, automation equipment and other fields. Its coaxial design not only simplifies the layout of the mechanical system, but also ensures the stability of power transmission through the accuracy of gear meshing, making it a common choice for scenarios requiring high-precision and high-load transmission.

[0003] When the input shaft of an existing coaxial gear reducer stops rotating, the output shaft still maintains a rotational tendency due to load inertia, and its inertia torque will be transmitted in reverse to the stopped input shaft through the gear pair, causing the gear tooth surface to bear an instantaneous reverse impact load. This load causes a sudden increase in the contact stress of the tooth surface, far exceeding the stress level during steady-state operation, and at the same time triggers torsional vibration of the gear system, aggravating the dynamic load fluctuation at the tooth meshing point. Repeated inertial impacts will form periodic contact stress and shear stress on the surface and sub-surface of the tooth surface. When the fatigue limit of the material is exceeded, it is easy to cause microcracks on the tooth surface to initiate and expand, and eventually cause fatigue failures such as pitting and bonding. Especially under conditions of frequent stops, this impact will significantly shorten the service life of the gear. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coaxial reducer to solve the problem of existing gear coaxial reducers that when the input shaft stops, the output shaft still maintains a rotation trend due to the load inertia, and its inertia torque is transmitted back to the stopped input shaft through the gear pair, causing the gear tooth surface to bear a large instantaneous reverse impact load.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A coaxial reducer includes a casing and an output shaft, wherein the output shaft is rotatably connected to the surface of the casing, a resistance component is provided inside the casing, and the resistance component is used to increase the rotational resistance of the output shaft, and a drive component is provided inside the casing, and the drive component is used to drive the resistance component to increase the rotational resistance of the output shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the resistance assembly includes a support plate and a rubber pad, the top end of the support plate is rotatably connected to the inside of the housing, and the rubber pad is arranged on the surface of the support plate.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom end of the support plate is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, and the bottom end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a vertically arranged main control rod.

[0009] Preferably, a component for controlling the up and down movement of the main control rod is provided inside the housing.

[0010] Preferably, the component includes a lever and an auxiliary joint, the lever is rotatably connected to the housing, the auxiliary joint is telescopically connected to one end of the lever, and the other end of the auxiliary joint is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the main control rod.

[0011] Preferably, the driving assembly rotates the driving resistance assembly by driving a lever, and a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the lever and the housing.

[0012] Preferably, a fulcrum shaft is fixedly connected to the surface of the lever, and the fulcrum shaft is rotationally connected to the housing.

[0013] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a push rod and a button, the push rod is slidably connected to the inside of the housing, the button is resettably connected to the surface of the housing, and the button is used to drive the push rod to push the active end of the lever.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. By pressing the resistance component against the output shaft, the rotational resistance is increased, which can suppress the rotation of the output shaft due to inertia, avoid violent collision of internal gears due to inertial impact, and effectively extend the life of the gears and the entire machine;

[0016] 2. The installation position of the lever through the fulcrum axis can use the lever principle to amplify the moving distance of the driven end, so that a small displacement of the active end can produce a large stroke of the driven end, shortening the working stroke of the linear actuator and reducing its movement time, thereby accelerating the response speed of the entire mechanism;

[0017] 3. By supporting two triggering modes, automatic triggering by the speed sensor and manual triggering by a button, it not only meets the needs of automated control, but also facilitates manual intervention such as debugging and emergency braking, thereby improving the flexibility of equipment use and adaptability to different scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-section of the casing of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the support plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-section of the lever of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ejector rod of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the push rod of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Casing; 2. Output shaft; 3. Support plate; 4. Rubber pad; 5. Connecting rod; 6. Main control lever; 7. Auxiliary joint; 8. Telescopic slider; 9. Telescopic slide; 10. Lever; 11. Fulcrum shaft; 12. Torsion spring; 13. Push rod; 14. Lower inclined surface; 15. Upper inclined surface; 16. Push rod; 17. Limiting ring; 18. Return spring; 19. Push button; 20. Limiting slide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 8 , the present invention provides a technical solution.

[0029] A coaxial reducer includes a housing 1 and an output shaft 2, the output shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the surface of the housing 1, a resistance component is provided inside the housing 1, the resistance component is used to increase the rotation resistance of the output shaft 2, a driving component is provided inside the housing 1, the driving component is used to drive the resistance component to increase the rotation resistance of the output shaft 2, the resistance component includes a support plate 3 and a rubber pad 4, the top end of the support plate 3 is rotatably connected to the inside of the housing 1, so that the support plate 3 rotates around the connection point at the top, the rubber pad 4 is provided on the surface of the support plate 3, the rubber pad 4 can be closely attached to the surface of the output shaft 2, and the support plate 3 is rotated to rotate around the connection point at the top. The plate 3 can make the rubber pad 4 close to the surface of the output shaft 2, thereby increasing the resistance of the output shaft 2 when it rotates. The bottom end of the support plate 3 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 5, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 5 is rotatably connected to the vertically arranged main control rod 6. When the main control rod 6 is moved up and down, the connecting rod 5 will rotate relative to the support plate 3. This relative rotation will drive the support plate 3 to rotate around the connection point at the top, thereby controlling the support plate 3 as a whole to move away from or close to the surface of the output shaft 2. The driving component is arranged in the casing 1, and its function is to provide power to the resistance component, driving the resistance component to achieve the action of increasing the rotational resistance of the output shaft 2.

[0030] The interior of the housing 1 is provided with a component for controlling the up and down movement of the main control rod 6, the component includes a lever 10 and an auxiliary joint 7, the lever 10 and the housing 1 are rotatably connected, the auxiliary joint 7 is telescopically connected to one end of the lever 10, and the other end of the auxiliary joint 7 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the main control rod 6 to ensure that it can adapt to changes in different angles during movement. When the end of the lever 10 provided with the auxiliary joint 7 is tilted upward, it drives the auxiliary joint 7 to move upward. At this time, the auxiliary joint 7 pulls the main control rod 6 to move upward synchronously through the rotation connection with the bottom end of the main control rod 6. In this process, since the movement trajectory of the main control rod 6 involves the dynamic change of the distance between it and the lever 10, the auxiliary joint 7 will telescopically move at the end of the lever 10 to compensate for the distance difference caused by the angle change when the main control rod 6 moves. Similarly, the principle is the same in reverse.

[0031] The synergistic effect of the telescopic compensation of this design ensures that the main control rod 6 can move accurately along a predetermined trajectory. As needed, a guide groove for the main control rod 6 to slide can be opened in the housing 1 to guide the main control rod 6 to move in the vertical direction.

[0032] One end of the auxiliary joint 7 is fixedly connected to a telescopic slider 8, and one end of the lever 10 is provided with a telescopic slide groove 9 for the telescopic slider 8 to slide. The depth and width of the groove are precisely matched according to the moving trajectory of the slider to ensure accurate guidance of the sliding process. The telescopic slider 8 slides in the telescopic slide groove 9 to achieve telescopic movement of the auxiliary joint 7 at the end of the lever 10.

[0033] The driving component achieves the purpose of driving the resistance component by driving the lever 10 to rotate. The driving component includes a speed sensor and an actuator, which work together to ensure stable operation and timely response of the system. The speed sensor detects shaft stalling and outputs an electrical signal to trigger the actuator to act. The actuator can select a linear motion actuator, such as a cylinder or an electric push rod. By pushing one end of the lever 10 to rotate it around the fulcrum, the driving force of the actuator must be greater than the resistance when the lever 10 rotates, and the response time must meet the real-time requirements of simultaneous action when the shaft stops, usually ≤50ms. A torsion spring 12 is fixedly connected between the lever 10 and the housing 1. When the actuator pushes the lever 10, the torsion spring 12 stores elastic potential energy. When the controller sends a reset signal, the actuator retracts, and the elastic potential energy stored in the torsion spring 12 is converted into rotational kinetic energy of the lever 10, causing it to rotate and reset, so that the support plate 3 is away from the output shaft 2.

[0034] By arranging the rubber pad 4 on the inner surface of the support plate 3 and the output shaft 2 on the inner side of the rubber pad 4, when the main control rod 6 moves downward, the support plate 3 with the rubber pad 4 will be pulled to stick to the surface of the output shaft 2. In this way, the main control rod 6 is driven to move downward synchronously through the auxiliary joint 7. The downward movement of the main control rod 6 causes the support plate 3 with the rubber pad 4 to stick to the surface of the output shaft 2. When the output shaft 2 rotates due to inertia due to the power source being cut off, the friction resistance between the rubber pad 4 and the shaft surface will synchronously generate a braking torque in the opposite direction of rotation. In this way, by increasing the rotational resistance of the output shaft 2, the continuous rotation of the output shaft 2 due to inertia is suppressed, thereby avoiding the gears in the casing 1 from violently colliding due to the inertial rotation of the output shaft 2.

[0035] A fulcrum shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the surface of the lever 10. The fulcrum shaft 11 is rotationally connected to the housing 1. By providing the fulcrum shaft 11, the lever 10 rotates about the fulcrum shaft 11. By scientifically designing the installation position of the fulcrum shaft 11 on the lever 10, that is, the distance of the fulcrum shaft 11 relative to the two ends of the lever 10, the motion amplitude of the two ends of the lever 10 can be adjusted using the principle of leverage. For example, the end of the lever 10 surface away from the auxiliary joint 7 is the active end. This part is connected to the output end of the linear actuator and serves as the power input function. The end of the lever 10 surface connected to the auxiliary joint 7 is the driven end, responsible for transmitting the motion of the active end to the auxiliary joint 7. When the installation position of the fulcrum shaft 11 is biased toward the active end and away from the driven end, the length of the active end lever arm is smaller than that of the driven end lever arm, forming a transmission structure with stroke amplification. Then, a slight displacement of the active end of the push lever 10 can cause the auxiliary joint 7 at the driven end to move a larger distance through the amplification effect, thereby shortening the working stroke of the linear actuator and accelerating the response speed.

[0036] The drive assembly also includes a push rod 13 and a button 19. The push rod 13 is slidably connected to the inside of the casing 1, and the button 19 is resettably connected to the surface of the casing 1. The button 19 is used to drive the push rod 13 to push the active end of the lever 10. When the button 19 is touched, the push rod 13 is triggered to push the lever 10 upward, thereby driving the main control rod 6 to move downward, so that the support plate 3 is in close contact with the output shaft 2. When the input shaft stops rotating, the output shaft 2 stops synchronously due to the mechanical connection. At this time, the transmission gear in the casing 1 will produce an instantaneous impact collision due to the inertia torque of the output shaft 2. By touching the button 19 or operating the actuator, the support plate 3 and the output shaft 2 form a damping contact, effectively suppressing the impact load of the gear inertia collision.

[0037] The bottom end of the push rod 13 is provided with a lower inclined surface 14, and one end of the button 19 is fixedly connected to the push rod 16. The top of the push rod 16 is provided with an upper inclined surface 15 that cooperates with the lower inclined surface 14. By touching the button 19, the push rod 16 is pushed to move horizontally, and the lower inclined surface 14 cooperates with the inclined surface of the upper inclined surface 15 to push the push rod 13 upward, thereby realizing the push rod 13 pushing the lever 10. After the touch is completed, the button 19 is reset to drive the push rod 16 to retract, and the push rod 13 moves downward under the action of gravity or the same reset mechanism. At the same time, the lever 10 is reset under the elastic force of the torsion spring 12, and finally the support plate 3 is automatically separated from the output shaft 2, and the reset process is automatically completed.

[0038] The surface of the button 19 is fixedly connected to the limit ring 17, and the interior of the housing 1 is provided with a limit slide 20 for the limit ring 17 to slide. The limit ring 17 is set to slide in the limit slide 20 to limit the movable range of the button 19 and prevent the push rod 16 from being separated from the contact with the top rod 13. A reset spring 18 is fixedly connected between the limit ring 17 and the housing 1. When the button 19 is touched, the reset spring 18 is compressed. When the button 19 is released, the button 19 automatically resets under the elastic force of the reset spring 18.

[0039] The specific solution is as follows: the rubber pad 4 maintains an initial spacing of 2-3mm with the surface of the output shaft 2, and no contact resistance is generated. When the input shaft stops rotating due to the power source being cut off, the speed sensor installed inside the housing 1 detects that the input shaft has stopped rotating, and outputs an electrical signal to the actuator. The actuator pushes the active end of the lever 10 to move upward, and the lever 10 rotates around the fulcrum shaft 11. The auxiliary joint 7 connected to the driven end of the lever 10 tilts upward with the driven end, and the auxiliary joint 7 synchronously pulls the main control rod 6 upward. The telescopic slider 8 at its end slides in the telescopic slide groove 9 to compensate for the spacing difference between the auxiliary joint 7 and the main control rod 6 due to the angle change.

[0040] When the main control rod 6 moves upward, the bottom end of the support plate 3 is driven to deflect toward the central axis of the output shaft 2 through the connecting rod 5, and the support plate 3 rotates with the top end of the support plate 3 as the fulcrum, so that the inner rubber pad 4 gradually adheres to the surface of the output shaft 2. The contact pressure increases linearly with the displacement of the main control rod 6. Due to the damping effect of the rubber pad 4, the rotation resistance of the output shaft 2 increases sharply, effectively reducing the violent collision of the gears in the housing 1 caused by the inertial rotation of the output shaft 2.

[0041] When the actuator retracts, the active end of the lever 10 loses thrust, the compressed torsion spring 12 releases elastic potential energy, driving the lever 10 to reset, and the driven end drives the auxiliary joint 7 to move downward. The main control rod 6 and the support plate 3 reset synchronously, the rubber pad 4 separates from the surface of the output shaft 2, and the system returns to the initial undamped state.

[0042] When the equipment encounters unexpected working conditions such as sudden vibration and instantaneous overload, resulting in abnormal inertial rotation of the output shaft 2, the operator manually touches the button 19, and the button 19 moves horizontally, driving the push rod 16 fixed at its end to move synchronously. The upper inclined surface 15 of the push rod 16 contacts the lower inclined surface 14 at the bottom end of the push rod 13, and the horizontal thrust is converted into an upward thrust of the push rod 13 through the cooperation of the inclined surfaces. The push rod 13 pushes the active end of the lever 10 upward, and the remaining action process is consistent with the rotation of the lever 10 in the automatic control scenario. The main control rod 6 moves downward to make the rubber pad 4 close to the surface of the output shaft 2 to form damping. After releasing the button 19, the reset spring 18 pushes the button 19 back to the initial position, the push rod 13 drops under the action of gravity, and the lever 10 is quickly reset under the action of the torsion spring 12.

[0043] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coaxial reducer, comprising a housing (1) and an output shaft (2), characterized in that: The output shaft (2) is rotatably connected to the surface of the housing (1); a resistance component is provided inside the housing (1); the resistance component is used to increase the rotational resistance of the output shaft (2); a driving component is provided inside the housing (1); the driving component is used to drive the resistance component to increase the rotational resistance of the output shaft (2); The resistance assembly comprises a support plate (3) and a rubber pad (4); the top end of the support plate (3) is rotatably connected to the interior of the housing (1); and the rubber pad (4) is arranged on the surface of the support plate (3); The bottom end of the support plate (3) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (5), and the bottom end of the connecting rod (5) is rotatably connected to a vertically arranged main control rod (6); A component for controlling the up and down movement of the main control rod (6) is provided inside the housing (1); The component for controlling the up and down movement of the main control rod (6) comprises a lever (10) and an auxiliary joint (7), wherein the lever (10) is rotatably connected to the housing (1), the auxiliary joint (7) is telescopically connected to one end of the lever (10), and the other end of the auxiliary joint (7) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the main control rod (6); The driving assembly drives the resistance assembly by driving the lever (10) to rotate; The end of the surface of the lever (10) away from the auxiliary joint (7) is the active end, and the end of the surface of the lever (10) connected to the auxiliary joint (7) is the driven end, and the length of the active end lever arm is shorter than the length of the driven end lever arm, forming a transmission structure with amplified stroke and accelerating the response speed.

2. A coaxial reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A torsion spring (12) is fixedly connected between the lever (10) and the housing (1).

3. The coaxial reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fulcrum shaft (11) is fixedly connected to the surface of the lever (10), and the fulcrum shaft (11) is rotationally connected to the housing (1).

4. The coaxial reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a push rod (13) and a button (19), wherein the push rod (13) is slidably connected to the interior of the housing (1), and the button (19) is repositionably connected to the surface of the housing (1), and the button (19) is used to drive the push rod (13) to push the active end of the lever (10).

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