Rock-soil sample preparation device and method for similar material simulation test

Abstract

The application provides a rock-soil sample preparation and testing device and method applied to a similar material simulation test. The similar material simulation test comprises a rock-soil sample preparation stage and a rock-soil sample testing stage. The device comprises a frame body, a bearing platform, a loading unit, a sample loading unit, a data acquisition unit and a control processing unit. The top of the frame body is provided with a first truss and a second truss. The loading unit comprises a driving assembly and a stress loading assembly. The data acquisition unit comprises a preparation data acquisition assembly and a testing data acquisition assembly. The rock-soil sample preparation and testing device provided by the application can realize the integration of rock-soil sample preparation and rock-soil sample testing through integrated design, reduces the number of devices required in the test, significantly reduces the complexity and operation difficulty of rock-soil sample preparation and rock-soil sample testing, and thus improves the overall efficiency of the test.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of similar material simulation test, in particular to a rock sample preparation and test device and method applied to similar material simulation test. BACKGROUND

[0002] The similar material simulation test is an important deducing means for inverting the disaster starting to the triggering path of the underground rock and soil space development engineering such as mine and tunnel, revealing the disaster-causing mechanism, and putting forward the corresponding disaster prevention and control technical measures.

[0003] In the process of carrying out the similar material simulation test, the rock and soil sample similar to the simulated geological stratum is usually prepared by manual, and the mechanical property test is carried out by using the rock mass uniaxial or triaxial testing machine, so as to deduce the mechanical properties of the rock mass in the real geological environment according to the test results. However, the rock and soil sample preparation and test stages for the similar material simulation test need to apply different equipment, so the test cost is relatively high. In addition, the frequent transfer of the rock and soil sample between the preparation device and the test equipment will increase the complexity of the test, and also significantly prolong the test period, thereby affecting the overall efficiency of the test. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a rock sample preparation and test device and method applied to similar material simulation test, so as to solve at least part of the above technical problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a rock sample preparation and test device applied to similar material simulation test, the similar material simulation test including a rock sample preparation stage and a rock sample test stage, and the rock sample preparation and test device comprising:

[0006] a frame body, the top of the frame body being provided with a first truss and a second truss;

[0007] a bearing platform, which is arranged on the top of the frame body and can move relative to the first truss in a first direction;

[0008] a loading unit, which is located above the bearing platform and includes a driving assembly and a stress loading assembly, the driving assembly being fixedly connected with the first truss, and the stress loading assembly being in transmission connection with the driving assembly and moving along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction under the driving of the driving assembly;

[0009] a sample loading unit, which is located below the stress loading assembly and is detachably connected with the top of the bearing platform;

[0010] The data acquisition unit comprises a preparation data acquisition assembly and a test data acquisition assembly; the preparation data acquisition assembly is arranged on the sample loading unit during the preparation of the geotechnical sample, and is used to acquire the weight data of the similar material for preparing the geotechnical sample; and the test data acquisition assembly is arranged on the first frame and the stress loading assembly, and is used to acquire the mechanical property data of the geotechnical sample during the test of the geotechnical sample.

[0011] The control processing unit is arranged on the second frame, and is electrically connected with the driving assembly, the preparation data acquisition assembly and the test data acquisition assembly; the control processing unit adjusts the moving direction of the stress loading assembly by controlling the operation state of the driving assembly; and the control processing unit is also used to receive the weight data of the similar material in the sample loading unit during the preparation of the geotechnical sample, and receive the mechanical property data of the geotechnical sample during the test of the geotechnical sample.

[0012] The mechanical property data comprises stress data and deformation data of the geotechnical sample.

[0013] Based on the same inventive concept, the second aspect of the present application also provides a preparation and test method of a geotechnical sample applied to the test of the geotechnical sample, which is suitable for the preparation and test equipment of the geotechnical sample as described in the first aspect, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0014] In response to being in the preparation stage of the geotechnical sample, a sample loading unit is provided, wherein the sample loading unit comprises a bottom support and a preparation mold;

[0015] The bottom support and the bearing platform, and the preparation mold and the bottom support are assembled respectively, and the preparation data acquisition assembly is installed inside the preparation mold and located above the bottom support;

[0016] The pre-configured similar material is added to the preparation mold, and the weight data of the similar material acquired by the preparation data acquisition assembly is sent to the control processing unit;

[0017] In response to the weight data of the similar material received by the control processing unit reaching a preset weight threshold, the control processing unit controls the driving assembly to move the stress loading assembly towards the direction of the frame body and pressurize the similar material in the preparation mold until the similar material is extruded to a preset volume and forms a geotechnical sample;

[0018] The preparation mold and the bottom support are disassembled, the geotechnical sample and the preparation data acquisition assembly are taken out from the preparation mold, and the geotechnical sample is dried and shaped;

[0019] in response to being in the rock-soil sample testing stage, adjusting the rock-soil sample preparation device according to the type of the rock-soil sample test being implemented;

[0020] in response to the type of test being a rock-soil sample uniaxial test, placing the bottom end of the rock-soil sample on the top of the bottom support and extending it in the second direction, moving the stress loading assembly toward the frame body by the control processing unit controlling the driving assembly, to pressurize the top end of the rock-soil sample in its axial direction, and synchronously receiving the mechanical property data of the rock-soil sample collected by the test data collection assembly by the control processing unit;

[0021] in response to the type of test being a Brazilian disc splitting test, providing a Brazilian disc splitting test mold and mounting it on the top of the bottom support, placing the rock-soil sample in the Brazilian disc splitting test mold and extending it in a direction perpendicular to the second direction, moving the stress loading assembly toward the frame body by the control processing unit controlling the driving assembly, to pressurize the rock-soil sample in its diameter direction through the Brazilian disc splitting test mold, and synchronously receiving the mechanical property data of the rock-soil sample collected by the test data collection assembly by the control processing unit.

[0022] As can be seen from the above, the rock-soil sample preparation device and method for similar material simulation test are provided, the rock-soil sample preparation device is designed in an integrated manner, can realize integrated application of rock-soil sample preparation and rock-soil sample testing, reduces the number of devices required in the test, and significantly reduces the complexity and operation difficulty of the rock-soil sample preparation and testing stage; the rock-soil sample preparation device can simplify the test process of the similar material simulation test, helps shorten the test cycle, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the test, and provides more efficient and convenient technical support for the similar material simulation test of geotechnical engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or related art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or related art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a front view (partially sectioned) of the rock-soil sample preparation device for similar material simulation test in the embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a side view of the rock-soil sample preparation device in the embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a sample shaping block in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a clasp in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a pressure head and a receiving cavity in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an auxiliary pressing block and a receiving cavity in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 Fig. 5 is an electrical control relationship block diagram of a control processing unit in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a geotechnical sample for testing in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 9 Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a first geotechnical sample uniaxial testing test in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 10 Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a second geotechnical sample uniaxial testing test in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 11 Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a Brazilian split disc testing test in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Legend of reference signs:

[0036] 100, frame body; 101, first truss; 102, second truss; 1021, hinged structure; 103, storage chamber; 104, universal wheel;

[0037] 200, bearing platform; 201, guide rail; 202, sliding block; 203, positioning peg;

[0038] 300, loading unit; 310, driving assembly; 320, stress loading assembly; 321, gear conversion box; 322, loading rod; 323, pressure component; 3231, pressure head; 3232, connecting portion;

[0039] 400, sample loading unit; 410, bottom support; 4101, first mounting portion; 4102, second mounting portion; 420, preparation mold; 4201, sample shaping block; 42011, receiving cavity; 42012, positioning groove; 4202, clasp; 42021, peg hole; 430, auxiliary pressing block; 440, auxiliary positioning member;

[0040] 500, data acquisition unit; 510, preparation data acquisition assembly; 511, weight measuring component; 520, test data acquisition assembly; 521, stress sensing component; 522, displacement sensing component;

[0041] 600, control processing unit;

[0042] 710, data acquisition relay; 720, data storage;

[0043] 800, Brazilian split disc test mold; 810, bottom plate; 820, mounting seat; 830, top plate; 840, pressing seat; 850, guide column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and drawings.

[0045] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the general meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong. The terms “first”, “second” and the like used in the embodiments of the present application do not represent any order, number or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms “include” or “contain” and the like mean that the components or objects before the terms cover the components or objects listed after the terms and their equivalents, and do not exclude other components or objects. The terms “connect” or “connected” and the like are not limited to physical or mechanical connection, but can include electrical connection, whether direct or indirect. The terms “up”, “down”, “left”, “right” and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute positions of the described objects change, the relative positional relationships may also change accordingly.

[0046] In similar material simulation tests, conventional and easily available similar materials such as river sand, calcium carbonate, paraffin and vaseline are usually used to prepare rock-soil samples by adjusting their components and proportions to simulate the mechanical properties of geological rock layers at different depths. Due to the different geological backgrounds and production conditions of different spatial development projects, the physical and mechanical properties of rock layers of the same rock type may also differ significantly. Therefore, a single material ratio cannot meet the testing needs of different batches of rock-soil samples, and the appropriate material ratio should be determined by combining the specific test background and carrying out mechanical property tests. Therefore, in the preparation of rock-soil samples, the weight of the applied material and the volume of the formed rock-soil sample are usually used as key parameters to control the mechanical properties of the rock-soil sample.

[0047] Currently, most soil and rock samples used in similar material simulation tests are prepared manually using molds. However, when preparing soil and rock samples using the above methods, it is difficult to accurately monitor the weight of the similar materials required for sample preparation, resulting in significant deviations between the prepared soil and rock samples and the characteristics of real rock masses, affecting the accuracy of subsequent similar material simulation test results. Furthermore, due to the high difficulty in molding standard cylindrical soil and rock samples, the strength of soil and rock samples prepared using the above methods often falls short of the strength of real geological rock strata, resulting in poor sample quality and relatively low preparation efficiency.

[0048] Furthermore, testing of rock and soil samples typically requires the artificial preparation of the samples and the use of uniaxial or triaxial rock mass testing machines to assess their mechanical properties in order to extrapolate the rock mass's mechanical characteristics under real geological conditions. However, the sample preparation and testing stages require different equipment, which not only increases testing costs but also prolongs the testing cycle due to the frequent transfer of rock and soil samples between the preparation and testing equipment, thereby reducing testing efficiency.

[0049] The first aspect of this application provides a soil and rock sample preparation and testing device for similar material simulation tests, wherein the similar material simulation test may include a soil and rock sample preparation stage and a soil and rock sample testing stage, combined with Figures 1-7 as well as Figures 9-11 The exhibit provides a detailed description of the equipment used for preparing and testing soil and rock samples.

[0050] The utility model provides a kind of geotechnical sample preparation equipment applied to similar material simulation test, including frame body 100, bearing platform 200, loading unit 300, sample loading unit 400, data acquisition power and control processing unit 600;Wherein, frame body 100 top is provided with first truss 101 and second truss 102;Bearing platform 200 is arranged on the top of frame body 100;Bearing platform 200 can be moved relative to first truss 101 along the first direction;Loading unit 300 is above bearing platform 200;Loading unit 300 includes drive assembly 310 and stress loading assembly 320, drive assembly 310 is fixedly connected with first truss 101;Stress loading assembly 320 is drivingly connected with drive assembly 310, moves along the second direction perpendicular to the first direction by the driving of drive assembly 310;Sample loading unit 400 is below stress loading assembly 320;Sample loading unit 400 is detachably connected with the top of bearing platform 200;Data acquisition unit 500 includes preparation data acquisition assembly 510 and test data acquisition assembly 520;Preparation data acquisition assembly 510 is arranged in sample loading unit 400 in the geotechnical sample preparation stage, to collect the weight data of similar material of preparation geotechnical sample;Part of test data acquisition assembly 520 is arranged in first truss 101, and part is arranged in stress loading assembly 320, to collect the mechanical property data of geotechnical sample in the geotechnical sample test stage;Control processing unit 600 is arranged in second truss 102;Control processing unit 600 is electrically connected with drive assembly 310, preparation data acquisition assembly 510 and test data acquisition assembly 520 respectively;Control processing unit 600 adjusts the moving direction of stress loading assembly 320 by controlling the operating state of drive assembly 310;Also used to receive the weight data of similar material in sample loading unit 400 in the geotechnical sample preparation stage, and receive the mechanical property data of geotechnical sample in the geotechnical sample test stage;Wherein, mechanical property data includes stress data and deformation data of geotechnical sample.

[0051] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 And Figure 2 Frame body 100 can be used as the bearing body of geotechnical sample preparation equipment to bear and support bearing platform 200, loading unit 300, sample loading unit 400, data acquisition power and control processing unit 600 and other components.

[0052] Exemplarily, the frame body 100, the first truss 101 and the second truss 102 can be made of aluminum alloy profiles, which can reduce the weight of the frame body 100, ensure the use strength, and be conducive to improving the service life and adaptability of the rock-soil sample preparation and testing device.

[0053] Further, the frame body 100 is arranged with a plurality of universal wheels 104 at the bottom in a rectangular shape, which is conducive to improving the maneuverability and flexibility of the rock-soil sample preparation and testing device.

[0054] Further, the frame body 100 is arranged with a plurality of universal wheels 104 at the bottom in a rectangular shape, which is conducive to improving the maneuverability and flexibility of the rock-soil sample preparation and testing device.

[0055] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the bearing platform 200 is arranged on the top of the frame body 100 to provide a mounting position for the sample loading unit 400; since the sample loading unit 400 is arranged on the bearing platform 200, and the bearing platform 200 can move relative to the first truss 101 in the first direction, by adjusting the position of the bearing platform 200, the sample loading unit 400 can be moved to the position directly below the loading unit 300, and then the loading unit 300 can apply stress to the similar material in the sample loading unit 400 in the rock-soil sample preparation stage, so as to extrude it into a rock-soil sample, and also can provide stress to the rock-soil sample in the rock-soil sample testing stage, so as to simulate the stress condition and strain degree of the rock mass in the real environment, thereby accurately obtaining the corresponding mechanical property data.

[0056] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the loading unit 300 is arranged above the bearing platform 200, which can be used to apply extrusion force to the similar material in the sample loading unit 400 in the rock-soil sample preparation stage to increase the compaction degree of the similar material, or provide stress to the rock-soil sample in the rock-soil sample testing stage to test the mechanical property data of the rock-soil sample under stress. More specifically, the loading unit 300 includes a driving assembly 310 and a stress loading assembly 320, the driving assembly 310 is fixedly connected to the first truss 101 by fastening components such as bolts to provide driving force to the stress loading assembly 320, and the stress loading assembly 320 is in transmission connection with the driving assembly 310 and can move in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction under the driving of the driving assembly 310 to apply stress to the similar material or rock-soil sample located below the stress loading assembly 320.

[0057] When the loading unit 300 is working, the loading assembly connected with the driving shaft of the driving assembly 310 can be driven to move, so that the stress loading assembly 320 moves towards the direction close to the frame body 100 until the stress loading assembly 320 contacts with the similar material or rock mass sample in the sample loading unit 400 and is pressurized; after the pressurization purpose is achieved, the driving assembly 310 can drive the stress loading assembly 320 to move towards the direction away from the frame body 100, so that the stress loading assembly 320 returns to the original position.

[0058] Exemplarily, the driving assembly 310 can adopt a driving device such as a driving motor, which is mature in technology, low in energy consumption and strong in power, to meet the application requirements of the rock-soil sample preparation and measurement equipment.

[0059] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the moving direction of the bearing platform 200 is set as the X direction, the height direction of the bearing platform 200 is set as the Y direction, at this time the first direction is the X direction and the second direction is the Y direction, and the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular to each other, which facilitates to limit the positions of various components in the rock-soil sample preparation and measurement equipment, which will not be repeated here.

[0060] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the sample loading unit 400 can accommodate and shape the similar material during the rock-soil sample preparation stage, that is, as a forming mold of the similar material, and support and support the rock-soil sample during the rock-soil sample test stage, that is, as a support carrier of the rock-soil sample; since the stress loading assembly 320 is used to provide driving force in the similar material simulation test, by arranging the sample loading unit 400 below the stress loading assembly 320, the stress loading assembly 320 can act stress on the top of the similar material or rock mass sample, so as to achieve the purpose of similar material extrusion forming or mechanical property test of rock-soil sample.

[0061] More specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , since the sample loading unit 400 is detachably connected with the top of the bearing platform 200, different specifications of test loading assemblies can be replaced according to the actual requirements of the test, which improves the flexibility and adaptability of the rock-soil sample preparation and measurement equipment, reduces the investment of the equipment during the similar material simulation test and the complexity of the rock-soil sample transfer, saves the test cost, reduces the interference caused by the complicated transfer process to the test results, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of the similar material simulation test.

[0062] Further, as shown in Figure 11As shown, when the Brazilian splitting disc test is performed, the Brazilian splitting disc test mold 800 can be fixed on the top of the bearing platform 200 through the test loading assembly, so as to expand the application range of the rock-soil sample preparation device.

[0063] Further, as shown, Figure 1 The top of the bearing platform 200 is provided with at least two sample loading units 400, and the at least two sample loading units 400 are arranged in sequence along the first direction. This design can sequentially prepare at least two rock-soil samples in the rock-soil sample preparation stage, improve the preparation efficiency of the rock-soil sample, and can test multiple rock-soil samples in the rock-soil sample test stage, thereby improving the test efficiency of the rock-soil sample. In addition, when at least one of the at least two sample loading units 400 is suitable for the rock-soil sample preparation stage, and at least one is suitable for the rock-soil sample test stage, the debugging complexity of the device can be further reduced, and the integration degree thereof can be improved, so as to ensure that the device can meet the corresponding requirements of the rock-soil sample preparation stage and the rock-soil sample test stage at the same time.

[0064] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7 The data acquisition unit 500 includes a preparation data acquisition assembly 510 and a test data acquisition assembly 520. Specifically, the preparation data acquisition assembly 510 is arranged inside the sample loading unit 400 in the rock-soil sample test stage. When similar materials for preparing rock-soil samples are added to the inside of the sample loading unit 400, the weight data of the similar materials for preparing rock-soil samples can be acquired by using the preparation data acquisition assembly 510, and the weight data of the similar materials in the sample loading unit 400 can be monitored in real time, so as to facilitate the appropriate regulation of the weight of the similar materials, and ensure that the weight data of the similar materials can meet the preparation conditions of the rock-soil samples, i.e., the weight of the similar materials reaches the preset weight threshold, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the rock-soil samples and ensuring the accuracy of the simulation test results of the similar materials.

[0065] More specifically, part of the test data acquisition assembly 520 is arranged on the first truss 101, and part of the test data acquisition assembly 520 is arranged on the stress loading assembly 320. Through the test data acquisition assembly 520, the mechanical property data of the rock-soil sample can be acquired in the rock-soil sample test stage, so as to deduce the mechanical properties of the geological stratum in the real environment of the test simulation according to the test results such as the mechanical property data of the rock-soil sample.

[0066] It should be noted that the mechanical property data mainly includes stress data and deformation data of the rock-soil sample. Specifically, the stress data of the rock-soil sample refers to the stress received by the rock-soil sample during the test of the rock-soil sample. Since the stress received by the rock-soil sample comes from the loading unit 300, the stress received by the rock-soil sample is consistent with the stress applied by the loading unit 300. The deformation data refers to the deformation degree of the rock-soil sample under the action of pressure, which can be quantitatively characterized by the displacement distance generated when the loading unit 300 applies stress to the rock-soil sample. These two types of data together constitute the core indicators for evaluating the mechanical properties of the rock-soil sample. Herein, no further description is given.

[0067] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 7 , the control processing unit 600 is arranged on the second truss 102 and is electrically connected with the driving assembly 310. When performing the similar material simulation test, the control processing unit 600 can send a loading instruction to the driving assembly 310 of the loading unit 300, so that the driving assembly 310 receives the loading instruction and operates to drive the stress loading assembly 320 to move, so that the stress loading assembly 320 moves towards the frame body 100 and achieves the purpose of applying stress. When the applied stress reaches the preparation requirement of the rock-soil sample or the test requirement of the rock-soil sample, the control processing unit 600 can send a stop instruction to the driving assembly 310. After receiving the stop instruction, the driving assembly 310 stops operating and reversely drives the stress loading assembly 320 to return to the original position, that is, the control processing unit 600 adjusts the moving direction of the stress loading assembly 320 by controlling the operating state of the driving assembly 310.

[0068] More specifically, the control processing unit 600 is also electrically connected with the preparation data acquisition assembly 510 and the test data acquisition assembly 520, respectively. In the rock-soil sample preparation stage, the preparation data acquisition assembly 510 of the data acquisition unit 500 acquires the weight data of the similar material in the sample loading unit 400 in real time and sends it to the control processing unit 600. The control processing unit 600 receives the weight data and judges and displays the received weight data, so that the user can know the weight data of the similar material in real time and be prompted when the weight data reaches the preset weight threshold, ensuring the quality of the rock-soil sample and the accuracy of the test results.

[0069] In the rock-soil sample test stage, the test data acquisition assembly 520 of the data acquisition unit 500 can acquire the mechanical property data of the rock-soil sample and send the acquired mechanical property data to the control processing unit 600. At this time, the control processing unit 600 can receive the mechanical property data of the rock-soil sample and judge the mechanical properties of the rock-soil sample by analyzing and operating the received mechanical property data.

[0070] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the geotechnical sample preparation and testing equipment may further include a data acquisition repeater 710 and a data storage device 720. The data acquisition repeater 710 is electrically connected to both the data acquisition unit 500 and the control processing unit 600 to assist in data transmission. That is, the data acquisition unit 500 can send data to the control processing unit 600 through the data acquisition repeater 710 to ensure the timeliness, stability, and integrity of data transmission. The data storage device 720 is electrically connected to the control processing unit 600. When the control processing unit 600 receives data sent by the data acquisition unit 500 during a similar material simulation test, it can store and back up the data in the data storage device. At least two data storage devices 720 can be provided to improve the data storage capacity of the geotechnical sample preparation and testing equipment, and different types of data can also be stored separately.

[0071] For example, the control processing unit 600 may be a computer or other device capable of sending and receiving commands, sending and receiving data, and processing data. The control unit may consist of a main body, a display panel, a signal transceiver module, and a control panel, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0072] In some embodiments, a guide rail 201 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame body 100, and the guide rail 201 extends along a first direction; a slider 202 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support platform 200, and the slider 202 is slidably connected to the guide rail 201; the support platform 200 is provided with a positioning bolt 203 for locking or unlocking its position, and the positioning bolt 203 extends along a second direction.

[0073] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a guide rail 201 and a slider 202 are provided between the frame body 100 and the bearing platform 200. The guide rail 201 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame body 100 and extends along the first direction. The slider 202 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bearing platform 200 and slidably connected to the guide rail 201. When adjusting the position of the sample loading unit 400, the bearing platform 200 can be slid along the first direction. At this time, the slider 202 and the guide rail 201 slide relative to each other, thereby ensuring that the adjusted sample loading unit 400 corresponds to the stress loading component 320 and that the stress applied by the stress loading component 320 can act on the top of the similar material or soil sample.

[0074] More specifically, the bearing platform 200 is further provided with a positioning bolt 203 for locking or unlocking the bearing platform 200, the positioning bolt 203 extends along the second direction, when the bearing platform 200 needs to be adjusted, the positioning bolt 203 can be loosened to release the locking effect on the bearing platform 200; after the position of the bearing platform 200 is adjusted, the bearing platform 200 can be locked and fixed by screwing the positioning bolt 203 to ensure the stability of the bearing platform 200 on the top of the frame body 100.

[0075] In some embodiments, the stress loading assembly 320 includes a gear transmission box 321, a loading rod 322 and a pressing component 323. Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the gear transmission box 321 is fixedly connected by the first frame 101; the gear transmission box 321 is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the driving assembly 310, the loading rod 322 is in transmission connection with the gear transmission box 321 and extends along the second direction, the driving assembly 310 can drive the loading rod 322 to move along the second direction by providing driving force, that is, the driving assembly 310 drives the loading rod 322 to move along the second direction through the gear transmission box 321, and when the gear transmission box drives the loading rod 322 to move along the second direction and towards the frame body 100, the stress can be applied to the similar material or rock-soil sample below the loading rod 322 and the pressing component 323.

[0076] Exemplarily, the gear transmission box can include a box body, a speed reduction gear set, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear; the speed reduction gear set, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are located in the box body, the input end of the speed reduction gear set is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the driving assembly 310, the first bevel gear is in transmission connection with the output end of the speed reduction gear set through a transmission shaft, the first bevel gear is engaged with the second bevel gear, and the loading rod 322 penetrates through the box body and is connected with the second bevel gear through threads to drive the loading rod 322 to move along the second direction through the threads. Wherein, the driving assembly 310 can drive the speed reduction gear set to move, the output rotation speed is reduced by the speed reduction gear set, and then the speed reduction gear set drives the second bevel gear to rotate through the first bevel gear, and the rotating second bevel gear drives the loading rod 322 to move linearly along the second direction through the threads, so as to ensure that the loading rod 322 can apply stress along the second direction.

[0077] Further, in order to prevent the loading rod 322 from rotating when the gear transmission box 321 drives the loading rod 322 to move linearly along the second direction, a limiting structure for limiting the rotation of the loading rod 322 can be arranged on the first frame, which will not be described here.

[0078] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 ,Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in

[0079] In some embodiments, the application scenario of the sample loading unit 400 is the rock-soil sample preparation stage, and the sample loading unit 400 comprises a bottom support 410 and a preparation mold 420; specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the top and bottom of the bottom support 410 are respectively provided with a first mounting portion 4101 and a second mounting portion 4102, wherein the first mounting portion 4101 can provide a mounting position for the preparation mold 420, ensuring the fixation reliability and stability of the preparation mold 420 during the rock-soil sample preparation stage, and also facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the preparation mold 420; the second mounting portion 4102 protrudes towards the direction close to the frame body 100 and is detachably connected with the bearing platform 200; while ensuring the firmness of the installation of the bottom support 410 on the top of the bearing platform 200, it also facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the bottom support 410.

[0080] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the preparation mold 420 is detachably connected with the first mounting portion 4101; wherein the preparation mold 420 comprises at least two sample shaping blocks 4201 and a clasp 4202 for fixing the sample shaping blocks 4201, the at least two sample shaping blocks 4201 abut and enclose to form an accommodating cavity 42011, the accommodating cavity 42011 has the same extension direction as the sample shaping blocks 4201, the accommodating cavity 42011 can be used to shape and accommodate similar materials during the rock-soil sample preparation stage, and the accommodating cavity 42011 is formed by the at least two sample shaping blocks 4201, which facilitates the user to take out the rock-soil sample from the preparation mold 420 after the rock-soil sample preparation is completed, thereby reducing the difficulty of taking out the rock-soil sample and ensuring the integrity of the rock-soil sample.

[0081] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the preparation mold 420 is detachably connected with the first mounting portion 4101; wherein the preparation mold 420 comprises at least two sample shaping blocks 4201 and a clasp 4202 for fixing the sample shaping blocks 4201, the at least two sample shaping blocks 4201 abut and enclose to form an accommodating cavity 42011, the accommodating cavity 42011 has the same extension direction as the sample shaping blocks 4201, the accommodating cavity 42011 can be used to shape and accommodate similar materials during the rock-soil sample preparation stage, and the accommodating cavity 42011 is formed by the at least two sample shaping blocks 4201, which facilitates the user to take out the rock-soil sample from the preparation mold 420 after the rock-soil sample preparation is completed, thereby reducing the difficulty of taking out the rock-soil sample and ensuring the integrity of the rock-soil sample.As shown, the clamping ring 4202 is fitted on the at least two sample shaping blocks 4201, that is, the clamping ring 4202 is adapted to the at least two sample shaping blocks 4201, and when the at least two sample shaping blocks 4201 are assembled, the clamping ring 4202 is fitted on the at least two sample shaping blocks 4201, so as to uniformly clamp and position the at least two sample shaping blocks 4201, thereby ensuring the preparation quality of the geotechnical sample.

[0082] In some embodiments, the outer side wall of the sample shaping block 4201 is provided with a positioning groove 42012, which is in the same extension direction as the sample shaping block 4201; the clamping ring 4202 is provided with a bolt hole 42021, and a fastener for locking the clamping ring 4202 to the sample shaping block 4201 is rotatably arranged in the bolt hole 42021, and the end of the fastener is adapted to the positioning groove 42012.

[0083] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 When the outer side wall of the sample shaping block 4201 is provided with the positioning groove 42012 in the same extension direction as the sample shaping block 4201, and the clamping ring 4202 is provided with the bolt hole 42021, since the clamping ring 4202 is fitted on the at least two sample shaping blocks 4201, the locking member rotatably arranged in the bolt hole 42021 can lock the clamping ring 4202 and the sample shaping block 4201, which can improve the fixing effect of the clamping ring 4202 on the sample shaping block 4201, ensure the stability of the accommodating cavity 42011 formed by the at least two sample shaping blocks 4201, and avoid the size deviation of the geotechnical sample due to the unstable assembly of the sample shaping block 4201 when the similar material is extruded.

[0084] In some embodiments, the side of the pressure head 3231 close to the frame body 100 is adapted to the accommodating cavity 42011. Specifically, as shown in Figure 5 Taking the geotechnical sample preparation stage as an example, since the similar material is located inside the preparation mold 420 and its volume gradually decreases after being extruded, by adapting the side of the pressure head 3231 close to the frame body 100 to the accommodating cavity 42011, the pressure effect of the stress loading assembly 320 on the geotechnical sample can be ensured, so as to extrude the similar material to a preset volume, thereby ensuring the quality of the formed geotechnical sample.

[0085] As an alternative embodiment, the preparation mold 420 is provided with an auxiliary pressing block 430, at least part of the auxiliary pressing block 430 is located in the accommodating cavity 42011 and is adapted to the accommodating cavity 42011. Specifically, as shown in Figure 6As shown, taking the rock-soil sample preparation stage as an example, since the similar material is located inside the preparation mold 420 and gradually shrinks in volume after being extruded, by arranging the auxiliary pressing block 430 on the top of the preparation mold 420 and making at least part of the auxiliary pressing block 430 located in and matched with the containing cavity 42011, the stress loading assembly 320 can ensure the pressing effect on the rock-soil sample to extrude the similar material to the preset volume, so as to guarantee the quality of the rock-soil sample after forming. Meanwhile, the auxiliary pressing block 430 is easy to disassemble and does not need to replace the pressing head 3231 part during the rock-soil test stage, which is conducive to reducing the complexity of the rock-soil sample preparation and test equipment.

[0086] In some embodiments, the preparation data acquisition assembly 510 can include a weight measuring part 511 located in the containing cavity 42011 and arranged on the top of the first mounting part 4101. In the rock-soil sample preparation stage, the weight of the similar material added in the preparation device can be collected in real time by using the weight measuring part 511. In addition, the weight measuring part 511 is detachably connected with the top of the first mounting part 4101. When the weight measuring part 511 is detachably connected with the top of the first mounting part 4101, the weight measuring part 511 can be installed on the top of the base support 410 in the rock-soil sample preparation stage, and the weight measuring part 511 can be detached from the top of the base support 410 in the rock-soil sample test stage, so as to avoid the deformation of the weight measuring part 511 and affect the accuracy of the test result of the rock-soil sample.

[0087] Further, the weight measuring part 511 and the base support 410 can be detachably connected by magnetic attraction connection, which has stable connection effect and low disassembly difficulty.

[0088] In some embodiments, the application scenario of the sample loading unit 400 is the rock-soil sample test stage, and the sample loading unit 400 includes a base support 410. Specifically, as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the top and the bottom of the base support 410 are respectively provided with a first mounting part 4101 and a second mounting part 4102. The first mounting part 4101 can provide a mounting position for the rock-soil sample, so as to gradually apply stress to the rock-soil sample under the action of the first mounting part 4101 and the stress loading assembly 320. The second mounting part 4102 protrudes towards the direction close to the frame main body 100 and is detachably connected with the bearing platform 200. The second mounting part 4102 protrudes towards the direction close to the frame main body 100 and is detachably connected with the bearing platform 200. The second mounting part 4102 can guarantee the firmness of the base support 410 installed on the top of the bearing platform 200, and also facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the base support 410.

[0089] More specifically, the first mounting part 4101 is protruded or recessed on the top of the base 410, and is used to support the geotechnical sample during the testing stage of the geotechnical sample. As shown in Figure 9 In one case, when the first mounting part 4101 is a protruded structure on the top of the base 410, the bottom end of the geotechnical sample is placed on the top of the base 410 during the testing process, so as to position the geotechnical sample and ensure that the stress loading assembly 320 can apply stress to the top end of the geotechnical sample. In another case, when the first mounting part 4101 is a recessed structure on the top of the base 410, the geotechnical sample can be positioned and the stability of the geotechnical sample mounted on the base 410 can be improved.

[0090] Further, in order to improve the stability of the geotechnical sample during the testing stage, an auxiliary positioning part 440 can be mounted on the top of the base 410. The auxiliary positioning part 440 can be detachably connected to the base 410, and a positioning part adapted to the end of the geotechnical sample is arranged on the top of the auxiliary positioning part 440, so as to improve the stability of the geotechnical sample during the testing stage.

[0091] In some embodiments, the testing data acquisition assembly 520 includes a stress sensing part 521 and a displacement sensing part 522. The stress sensing part 521 is arranged between the pressure head 3231 and the connecting part 3232, and is used to acquire the stress applied to the geotechnical sample by the stress loading assembly 320 during the testing stage of the geotechnical sample, so as to obtain the stress data of the geotechnical sample. The displacement sensing part 522 is partially arranged on the connecting part 3232 and partially arranged on the first truss 101, and is used to acquire the displacement of the stress loading assembly 320 after contacting the geotechnical sample during the testing stage of the geotechnical sample, so as to obtain the deformation data of the geotechnical sample.

[0092] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7 Since the stress sensing part 521 is arranged between the pressure head 3231 and the connecting part 3232, the stress applied to the geotechnical sample can be obtained by the stress sensing part 521 during the testing stage of the geotechnical sample when the stress loading assembly 320 is used to apply stress, that is, the stress applied to the geotechnical sample by the stress loading assembly 320 is acquired, so as to obtain the stress data of the geotechnical sample.

[0093] Exemplarily, the stress sensing part 521 can be a stress sensor.

[0094] More specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, since the displacement sensing component 522 is partially arranged on the connecting part 3232 and partially arranged on the first frame 101, when the indenter 3231 assembly of the stress loading assembly 320 contacts the geotechnical sample, the geotechnical sample is continuously extruded, at this time, the displacement sensing component 522 can collect the displacement of the stress loading assembly 320 after contacting the geotechnical sample in the test stage of the geotechnical sample, so as to obtain the deformation data of the geotechnical sample according to the displacement of the indenter 3231 assembly.

[0095] Exemplarily, the displacement sensing component 522 can adopt a pull rope sensor or a laser sensor.

[0096] In some embodiments, the control processing unit 600 is movably connected with the second frame 102 through the hinged structure 1021, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, by applying the hinged structure 1021, the application angle of the control processing unit 600 can be adjusted; and the user can conveniently operate and observe the control processing unit 600.

[0097] The second aspect of the present application also provides a geotechnical sample preparation method applied to the geotechnical sample test, which is suitable for the geotechnical sample preparation equipment as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, as shown in Figure 8 The preparation method comprises:

[0098] S1: in response to being in a geotechnical sample preparation stage, providing a sample loading unit 400, wherein the sample loading unit 400 comprises a bottom support 410 and a preparation mold 420.

[0099] In this step, in the geotechnical sample preparation stage, the geotechnical sample can be prepared by using the sample loading unit 400, wherein the applied sample loading unit 400 comprises a bottom support 410 and a preparation mold 420, the bottom support 410 is used to install the preparation mold 420 on the top of the bearing platform 200, and the preparation mold 420 can be used to accommodate and shape similar materials.

[0100] S2: respectively assembling the bottom support 410 and the bearing platform 200, and the preparation mold 420 and the bottom support 410, and installing the preparation data acquisition assembly 510 inside the preparation mold 420, so that it is located above the bottom support 410.

[0101] In this step, the preparation mold 420 is installed on the bearing platform 200 by the bottom support 410, and a preparation site is provided by the preparation mold 420 to form a geotechnical sample by the preparation mold 420; then, the preparation data is installed in the inside of the sample loading unit 400, and the weight data of the similar material in the preparation mold 420 is measured in real time during the preparation of the geotechnical sample by the preparation data acquisition assembly 510, so that the user adjusts the amount of the similar material according to the weight data, thereby ensuring the quality of the geotechnical sample.

[0102] S3: The pre-configured similar material is added to the preparation mold 420, and the weight data of the similar material collected by the preparation data acquisition assembly 510 is sent to the control processing unit 600.

[0103] In this step, when the geotechnical sample is prepared, the pre-configured similar material can be added to the preparation mold 420 in a certain amount, so that the amount of the similar material in the preparation mold 420 gradually increases; the weight data of the similar material is collected in real time by the preparation data acquisition assembly 510, and the collected weight data is sent to the control processing unit 600 in real time, so that the weight data is fed back to the control processing unit 600 or the user; at this time, the control processing unit 600 or the user can monitor the weight data of the similar material to ensure that the weight of the similar material used to form the geotechnical sample meets the preset weight threshold, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the geotechnical sample.

[0104] S4: In response to the weight data of the similar material received by the control processing unit 600 reaching the preset weight threshold, the control processing unit 600 controls the driving assembly 310 to move, and the stress loading assembly 320 is driven by the driving assembly 310 to move towards the frame body 100 and pressurize the similar material in the preparation mold 420 until the similar material is extruded to a preset volume and a geotechnical sample is formed.

[0105] In this step, after the control processing unit 600 receives the weight data of the similar material, the received weight data can be fed back to the control processing unit 600 or the user to determine whether the weight data of the similar material meets the requirements of the corresponding geotechnical sample; when it is determined that the weight data of the similar material reaches the preset weight threshold, it indicates that the weight of the current similar material meets the preparation conditions of the corresponding geotechnical sample; at this time, the driving assembly 310 is controlled to move by sending a driving instruction to the driving assembly 310 by the control processing unit 600, so that the driving assembly 310 drives the stress loading assembly 320 to move towards the frame body 100 until the stress loading assembly 320 contacts the top of the similar material in the preparation mold 420 and extrudes it; at this time, the similar material can be extruded to a preset volume by controlling the moving distance of the stress loading assembly 320, so as to ensure the quality of the obtained geotechnical sample.

[0106] It should be noted that the preset weight threshold of the rock-soil sample can be a weight value of the similar material required for preparing the standard rock-soil sample, and the preset volume of the rock-soil sample can be a volume value of the rock-soil sample when the standard rock-soil sample is formed, which will not be described here.

[0107] S5: The preparation mold 420 is separated from the bottom support 410, the rock-soil sample and the preparation data acquisition assembly 510 are taken out of the preparation mold 420, and the rock-soil sample is dried and shaped.

[0108] In this step, after the rock-soil sample is prepared in the sample loading unit 400, the preparation mold 420 is detached from the top of the bottom support 410, and then the preparation mold 420 is separated from the bottom support 410, so that the rock-soil sample and the preparation data acquisition assembly 510 are taken out of the preparation mold 420. Then, the rock-soil sample can be dried and shaped to make the physical properties of the rock-soil sample more consistent with the geological strata in the real environment, and to ensure the accuracy of the similar material simulation test results.

[0109] S6: In response to being in the rock-soil sample testing stage, adjusting the rock-soil sample preparation equipment according to the test type of the implemented rock-soil sample.

[0110] In this step, after the rock-soil sample is tested in the rock-soil sample testing stage, the rock-soil sample preparation equipment can be adjusted according to the test type of the rock-soil sample test to be implemented, so that the rock-soil sample test can be carried out through the rock-soil sample preparation equipment, reducing the test cost and improving the test efficiency.

[0111] S7: In response to the test type being a rock-soil sample uniaxial test, the bottom end of the rock-soil sample is placed on the top of the bottom support 410 and extends along the second direction, the control processing unit 600 controls the driving assembly 310 to drive the stress loading assembly 320 to move towards the frame body 100, so that the rock-soil sample is pressurized along its axial direction, and the control processing unit 600 synchronously receives the mechanical property data of the rock-soil sample collected by the test data acquisition assembly 520.

[0112] In this step, when it is determined that the test type of the geotechnical sample test is the uniaxial test of the geotechnical sample, the loading unit 300 is required to apply stress to the top end of the geotechnical sample along the central axis of the geotechnical sample; at this time, the bottom end of the geotechnical sample is placed on the top of the bottom support 410, so that the geotechnical sample extends in the second direction; then, the control processing unit 600 sends a driving instruction to the driving assembly 310, so that the driving assembly 310 drives the stress loading assembly 320 to move, and drives the stress loading assembly 320 to gradually move towards the frame main body 100; when the stress loading assembly 320 contacts the top end of the geotechnical sample, with the gradual movement of the stress loading assembly 320, the stress loading assembly 320 gradually applies pressure to the geotechnical sample along the central axis of the geotechnical sample; at this time, the data acquisition unit 500 collects the mechanical property data of the geotechnical sample, and sends the collected mechanical property data to the control processing unit 600, so that the control processing unit 600 receives and analyzes the mechanical property data.

[0113] S8: In response to the test type being the Brazilian split disc test, the Brazilian split disc test mold 800 is provided and installed on the top of the bottom support 410, the geotechnical sample is placed in the Brazilian split disc test mold 800, and the extension direction of the geotechnical sample is perpendicular to the second direction; the control processing unit 600 controls the driving assembly 310 to drive the stress loading assembly 320 to move towards the frame main body 100, so as to press the geotechnical sample in the diameter direction of the geotechnical sample through the Brazilian split disc test mold 800; the control processing unit 600 synchronously receives the mechanical property data of the geotechnical sample collected by the test data acquisition assembly 520.

[0114] In this step, when it is determined that the test type of the geotechnical sample test is the Brazilian split disc test, the Brazilian split disc test mold 800 is required to test the geotechnical sample, and the loading unit 300 is required to apply stress to the geotechnical sample by providing the Brazilian split disc test mold 800; specifically, the geotechnical sample is placed in the Brazilian split disc test mold 800, and the extension direction of the geotechnical sample is perpendicular to the second direction; then, the control processing unit 600 sends a driving instruction to the driving assembly 310, so that the driving assembly 310 drives the stress loading assembly 320 to move, and drives the stress loading assembly 320 to gradually move towards the frame main body 100; when the stress loading assembly 320 contacts the top of the Brazilian split disc test mold 800, with the gradual movement of the stress loading assembly 320, the stress loading assembly 320 gradually applies pressure to the geotechnical sample along the diameter direction of the geotechnical sample; at this time, the data acquisition unit 500 collects the mechanical property data of the geotechnical sample, and sends the collected mechanical property data to the control processing unit 600, so that the control processing unit 600 receives and analyzes the mechanical property data.

[0115] It should be noted that the Brazilian split disc test mold 800 may include a base plate 810, a mounting base 820, a top plate 830, a pressing base 840, and a guide post 850; as shown below. Figure 11 As shown, the base plate 810 and the first mounting part 4101 of the base support 410 are detachably connected. The mounting base 820 is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate 810. The top of the mounting base 820 is provided with an arc-shaped part, which can be used to support the horizontally placed soil and rock sample. The top plate 830 is located above the mounting base 820. The bottom of the top plate 830 is fixedly connected to the pressing seat 840. The bottom of the pressing seat 840 is provided with an arc-shaped part, which is used to apply stress to the surface of the horizontally placed soil and rock sample. The base plate 810 and the top plate 830 are connected by a guide post 850. The guide post 850 can limit the movement trajectory of the top plate 830 to ensure that the soil and rock sample can be subjected to stress in the direction close to the frame body 100, thus ensuring the accuracy of the soil and rock sample test results.

[0116] It should be noted that the above description describes some embodiments of this application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in a different order than that shown in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0117] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0118] The description in this application is given for illustrative purposes and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical application of this application and to enable those skilled in the art to understand this application and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

[0119] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of this application (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity.

[0120] While the present application has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood that many modifications, substitutions, and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the foregoing description. It is intended to encompass all such substitutions, modifications, and changes as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0121] It is intended to include all such substitutions, modifications, and changes as fall within the scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, although specific embodiments have been described herein, these are not intended to limit the scope of the application, as those skilled in the art will be well aware that numerous variations, modifications and alternatives are possible without departing from the principles of the application.

Claims

1. A soil and rock sample preparation and testing device for similar material simulation tests, characterized in that, The similar material simulation test comprises a rock-soil sample preparation stage and a rock-soil sample test stage, and the rock-soil sample preparation device comprises: a frame body provided with a first truss and a second truss on the top thereof; a bearing platform arranged on the top of the frame body and movable relative to the first truss in a first direction; a loading unit located above the bearing platform; the loading unit comprises a driving assembly fixedly connected with the first truss and a stress loading assembly in transmission connection with the driving assembly and movable in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction under the driving of the driving assembly; the stress loading assembly comprises a gear conversion box fixedly connected with the first truss, a loading rod in transmission connection with the gear conversion box and extending in the second direction, and a pressurizing component located above the sample loading unit; a sample loading unit located below the stress loading assembly and detachably connected with the top of the bearing platform; a data acquisition unit comprising a preparation data acquisition assembly and a test data acquisition assembly; the preparation data acquisition assembly is arranged on the sample loading unit in the rock-soil sample preparation stage to acquire weight data of similar materials for preparing rock-soil samples; and part of the test data acquisition assembly is arranged on the first truss and part thereof is arranged on the stress loading assembly to acquire mechanical property data of rock-soil samples in the rock-soil sample test stage; a control processing unit arranged on the second truss; the control processing unit is electrically connected with the driving assembly, the preparation data acquisition assembly and the test data acquisition assembly respectively; the control processing unit adjusts the moving direction of the stress loading assembly by controlling the operating state of the driving assembly; and the control processing unit also receives weight data of similar materials in the sample loading unit in the rock-soil sample preparation stage and receives mechanical property data of rock-soil samples in the rock-soil sample test stage; the mechanical property data comprises stress data and deformation data of rock-soil samples; and in the application scenario of the sample loading unit in the rock-soil sample preparation stage, the sample loading unit comprises a bottom support and a preparation mold; the top and the bottom of the bottom support are respectively provided with a first mounting portion and a second mounting portion, the second mounting portion protrudes towards the frame body and is detachably connected with the bearing platform; the preparation mold is detachably connected with the first mounting portion; the preparation mold comprises at least two sample shaping blocks and a clasp for fixing the sample shaping blocks, the at least two sample shaping blocks abut and enclose to form an accommodating cavity, the accommodating cavity has the same extension direction as the sample shaping blocks, and the clasp is sleeved on the at least two sample shaping blocks in cooperation. In the application scenario of the sample loading unit in the rock-soil sample testing stage, the bottom support member is provided with a first mounting portion on the top thereof and a second mounting portion on the bottom thereof, the second mounting portion protrudes towards the direction close to the frame body and is detachably connected with the bearing platform, and the first mounting portion protrudes or is recessed on the top of the bottom support member to support the rock-soil sample in the rock-soil sample testing stage.

2. The rock-soil sample preparation apparatus for a similar material simulation test according to claim 1, wherein The frame body is fixedly connected with a guide rail on the top thereof, and the guide rail extends along the first direction; the bearing platform is fixedly connected with a sliding block on the bottom thereof, and the sliding block is in sliding connection with the guide rail. The bearing platform is provided with a positioning bolt for locking or unlocking the position thereof, and the positioning bolt extends along the second direction.

3. The rock sample preparation apparatus for a similar material simulation test according to claim 1, wherein The gear conversion box is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the driving assembly; the driving assembly drives the loading rod to move along the second direction through the gear conversion box; the pressing component includes a pressing head and a connecting portion, and the pressing head is detachably connected with one end of the loading rod close to the frame body through the connecting portion.

4. The rock sample preparation apparatus for a similar material simulation test according to claim 3, wherein The outer side wall of the sample shaping block is provided with a positioning groove, and the positioning groove extends in the same direction as the sample shaping block. The clasp is provided with a bolt hole, and a fastener for locking the clasp to the sample shaping block is rotatably arranged in the bolt hole, and the end of the fastener is matched with the positioning groove.

5. The rock-soil sample preparation device for similar material simulation test according to claim 3, characterized in that, the side of the pressing head close to the frame body is matched with the containing cavity; or the top of the preparation mold is provided with an auxiliary pressing block, at least part of the auxiliary pressing block is located in the containing cavity and matched with the containing cavity.

6. The rock sample preparation apparatus for a similar material simulation test according to claim 3, wherein The preparation data acquisition assembly includes: a weight measuring component located in the containing cavity, and the weight measuring component is detachably connected with the top of the first mounting portion.

7. The rock sample preparation apparatus for a similar material simulation test according to claim 3, wherein The test data acquisition assembly includes: a stress sensing component arranged between the pressing head and the connecting portion to acquire the stress applied by the stress loading assembly to the rock-soil sample in the rock-soil sample testing stage to obtain the stress data of the rock-soil sample; a displacement sensing component, part of which is arranged on the connecting portion and part of which is arranged on the first truss to acquire the displacement of the stress loading assembly after being in contact with the rock-soil sample in the rock-soil sample testing stage to obtain the deformation data of the rock-soil sample.

8. A method of preparing a geotechnical sample for use in a simulation test of similar materials, for use with a geotechnical sample preparation apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that, The method includes: in response to being in the rock-soil sample preparation stage, providing a sample loading unit, wherein the sample loading unit includes a bottom support member and a preparation mold; assembling the bottom support member with a bearing platform and the preparation mold with the bottom support member respectively, and installing the preparation data acquisition assembly inside the preparation mold above the bottom support member; adding the pre-configured similar material into the preparation mold, and sending the weight data of the similar material acquired by the preparation data acquisition assembly to a control processing unit; In response to the weight data of similar material received by the control processing unit reaching a preset weight threshold, the control processing unit controls the operation of the drive component, which drives the stress loading component to move toward the direction closer to the frame body and pressurizes the similar material in the preparation mold until the similar material is squeezed to a preset volume and forms a soil and rock sample. The preparation mold and the base piece are separated, the soil and rock sample and the preparation data acquisition component are taken out from the preparation mold, and the soil and rock sample is dried and shaped. In response to being in the soil and rock sample testing phase, the soil and rock sample preparation and testing equipment is adjusted according to the type of test performed on the soil and rock sample. In response to the test type being a uniaxial test of a soil and rock specimen, the bottom end of the soil and rock specimen is placed on top of the base support and extended along the second direction. The control processing unit controls the drive assembly to move the stress loading assembly toward the direction closer to the frame body, so as to apply pressure to the top of the soil and rock specimen along its axial direction. The control processing unit simultaneously receives the mechanical property data of the soil and rock specimen collected by the test data acquisition assembly. In response to the test type being the Brazilian split disc test, a Brazilian split disc test mold is provided and installed on top of the base support. The soil and rock sample is placed inside the Brazilian split disc test mold, with its extension direction perpendicular to the second direction. The control processing unit controls the drive assembly to move the stress loading assembly toward the direction closer to the frame body, so as to apply pressure along the diameter direction of the soil and rock sample through the Brazilian split disc test mold. The control processing unit simultaneously receives the mechanical property data of the soil and rock sample collected by the test data acquisition assembly.

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