Anchor rod pull-out test system and method

Abstract

The invention provides an anchor rod pull-out test system and method, and relates to the technical field of anchor rod testing. The anchor rod pull-out test system comprises a pull-out test bed, a rock drilling device, a pull-out device and a stress monitoring device, the drawing test bench comprises a frame and a concrete layer filled in the frame, the drawing test bench is provided with a test surface, and the frame separates the test surface to form a plurality of test areas; the rock drilling device is used for drilling a hole in the test area, and the anchor rod is inserted and anchored in the hole; the drawing device is used for drawing the anchor rod; the stress monitoring device is used for monitoring mechanical data of the anchor rod. According to the anchor rod pull-out test system, a plurality of test areas with high consistency are formed on the test surface of the pull-out test bed, so that the precision and repeatability of test data can be remarkably improved, the problems of complicated and changeable geological conditions and large environmental interference in field tests are solved, the condition of surrounding rock in each test is consistent, and the test efficiency is improved. Therefore, a more stable and reliable test result is obtained, and more accurate data is provided for anchor rod support design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bolt testing, and in particular, to a bolt pulling test system and method. Background Art

[0002] As a commonly used and effective support method, bolt support can significantly enhance the stability of surrounding rock and prevent the deformation and collapse of surrounding rock. However, how to accurately evaluate the performance of bolt support has always been an important issue in the technical field of bolt testing. From the perspective of engineering practice, accurately mastering the performance of bolt support helps to reasonably design bolt support parameters, not only avoiding safety accidents caused by insufficient support, but also preventing waste of resources caused by over-support.

[0003] However, the traditional methods for evaluating the performance of bolt support have certain limitations. Although some on-site testing means can obtain partial data, it is often difficult to comprehensively and accurately reflect the true working state of bolts under various complex working conditions, and the test results are inaccurate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a bolt pulling test system.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A bolt pulling test system, comprising:

[0007] A pulling test bench, comprising a frame and a concrete layer filled inside the frame, the pulling test bench having a test surface, and the frame dividing the test surface into a plurality of test areas;

[0008] A rock drilling device for drilling holes in the test area, the holes being for inserting and anchoring bolts;

[0009] A pulling device for pulling the bolts; and

[0010] A stress monitoring device for monitoring the mechanical data of the bolts.

[0011] As a further optional solution to the bolt pulling test system, the rock drilling device comprises a pneumatic rock drill, a water supply mechanism, an air supply mechanism and a controller;

[0012] The water supply mechanism comprises a pressure-bearing water pipe, a water supply pump and a water tank, and the pneumatic rock drill, the water supply pump and the water tank are sequentially connected through the pressure-bearing water pipe;

[0013] The air supply mechanism comprises a pressure-bearing air pipe and an air compressor, and the pneumatic rock drill and the air compressor are connected through the pressure-bearing air pipe;

[0014] The controller is electrically connected to the pneumatic rock drill and the air compressor respectively.

[0015] As a further optional solution for the bolt pull-out test system, the rock drilling device further includes a support mechanism, and the support mechanism includes a mobile support frame, a positioning member, a support cross beam, a first fastener and a fixed longitudinal beam;

[0016] A plurality of limit holes are provided on the mobile support frame, and the plurality of limit holes are arranged in the vertical direction;

[0017] The positioning member is inserted into the limit hole and the support cross beam, and the support cross beam is connected to the mobile support frame through the positioning member;

[0018] The fixed longitudinal beam extends in a direction perpendicular to the test surface, and the fixed longitudinal beam is connected to the support cross beam through the first fastener;

[0019] The pneumatic rock drill is arranged on the fixed longitudinal beam.

[0020] As a further optional solution for the bolt pull-out test system, at least two support cross beams are provided, and the at least two support cross beams are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the test surface;

[0021] The fixed longitudinal beam is connected to the at least two support cross beams through the first fastener respectively.

[0022] As a further optional solution for the bolt pull-out test system, the pulling device includes a bolt tensioning machine, a pressure-bearing oil pipe and an oil pump. The bolt tensioning machine and the oil pump are connected through the pressure-bearing oil pipe. The moving end of the bolt tensioning machine is connected to the bolt, and the fixed end of the bolt tensioning machine abuts against the stress monitoring device.

[0023] As a further optional solution for the bolt pull-out test system, a reaction hook is provided at one end of the pull-out test bench away from the test surface;

[0024] The pulling device further includes a reaction steel beam, and one end of the reaction steel beam is inserted into the reaction hook and is rotationally matched with the reaction hook;

[0025] The bolt tensioning machine is arranged at the other end of the reaction steel beam.

[0026] As a further optional solution for the bolt pull-out test system, the pulling device further includes a mobile chain block and a chain hoist winch. The bolt tensioning machine is suspended on the reaction steel beam through the mobile chain block and the chain hoist winch.

[0027] As a further optional solution for the bolt pull-out test system, the stress monitoring device includes a force measuring sensor, a data transmission cable, a force measuring collector, and a mobile terminal. The force measuring sensor, the force measuring collector, and the mobile terminal are electrically connected in sequence through the data transmission cable;

[0028] The fixed end of the bolt tensioning machine abuts against one side of the force measuring sensor away from the test surface.

[0029] As a further optional solution for the bolt pull-out test system, the stress monitoring device further includes a force measuring gasket and a bolt tray. The force measuring gasket is located between the force measuring sensor and the test surface, and the bolt tray is located on the side of the force measuring sensor away from the test surface. The fixed end of the bolt tensioning machine abuts against the bolt tray.

[0030] Another object of the present invention is to provide a bolt pull-out test method.

[0031] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0032] A bolt pull-out test method, which is applied to the above bolt pull-out test system. The bolt pull-out test method includes:

[0033] Fabricate the pull-out test bench;

[0034] Use the rock drilling device to drill the borehole in the test area;

[0035] Add an anchoring agent into the borehole, insert the bolt into the borehole, and bond and anchor it;

[0036] Use the pull-out device to pull out the bolt;

[0037] Use the stress monitoring device to monitor the mechanical data of the bolt.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0039] In the above-mentioned bolt pull-out test system, the inside of the frame is filled with a concrete layer to form a pull-out test bench, and the frame divides the test surface of the pull-out test bench into multiple test areas to simulate the geological conditions of the surrounding rock. When conducting the bolt pull-out test, first use a rock drilling device to drill holes in multiple test areas, then add an anchoring agent into the holes, insert the bolt into the holes and bond and anchor it. Then use a pulling device to pull the bolt, and at the same time use a stress monitoring device to monitor the mechanical data of the bolt, so as to be able to test the performance of the bolt under specific geological conditions. Due to the high consistency between each test area, the accuracy and repeatability of the test data can be significantly improved, and the problems of complex and changeable geological conditions and large environmental interference in on-site tests are improved, ensuring that the surrounding rock conditions are the same for each test, so as to obtain more stable and reliable test results and provide more accurate data for bolt support design.

[0040] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specifically enumerates preferred embodiments and, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, makes the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0042] Figure 1 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a bolt pull-out test system provided by an embodiment of the present invention in the state of drilling holes;

[0043] Figure 2 Shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a pull-out test bench in a bolt pull-out test system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 Shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a support mechanism in a bolt pull-out test system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a bolt pull-out test system provided by an embodiment of the present invention in the state of pulling out the bolt;

[0046] Figure 5 Shows a step flow chart of a bolt pull-out test method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] MAIN ELEMENT SYMBOL DESCRIPTION:

[0048] 100 - Pull - out test bench; 110 - Frame; 120 - Concrete layer; 130 - Test surface; 131 - Test area; 140 - Reaction hook; 200 - Rock - drilling device; 210 - Pneumatic rock drill; 220 - Water - supply mechanism; 221 - Pressurized water pipe; 222 - Water - supply pump; 223 - Water tank; 230 - Air - supply mechanism; 231 - Pressurized air pipe; 232 - Air compressor; 240 - Controller; 250 - Support mechanism; 251 - Mobile support frame; 251a - Limit hole; 252 - Positioning part; 253 - Support cross - beam; 254 - First fastener; 255 - Fixed longitudinal beam; 300 - Pull - out device; 310 - Anchor - tensioning machine; 320 - Pressurized oil pipe; 330 - Oil pump; 340 - Reaction steel beam; 350 - Mobile chain block; 360 - Chain - block winch; 370 - Second fastener; 400 - Stress - monitoring device; 410 - Force - measuring sensor; 420 - Data - transmission cable; 430 - Force - measuring acquisition instrument; 440 - Mobile terminal; 450 - Force - measuring gasket; 460 - Anchor tray; 500 - Mobile power supply; 600 - Anchor bolt. Detailed implementation mode

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. On the contrary, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there is no intermediate element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration.

[0051] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this template are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0054] The inventors of this application found that during on-site testing, the anchor holes cannot be reused, and multiple pull-out tests require drilling anchor holes at different positions in the surrounding rock. Since the stress states and geological conditions at different positions in the surrounding rock are different, they will have different impacts on the test results. Therefore, the repeatability of the data obtained from on-site testing is poor and the test results are inaccurate.

[0055] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , this embodiment provides a bolt pull-out test system, specifically a simulated bolt in-situ pull-out test system. The bolt pull-out test system includes a pull-out test bench 100, a rock drilling device 200, a pull-out device 300, and a stress monitoring device 400.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 2 , wherein the pull-out test bench 100 includes a frame 110 and a concrete layer 120 filled inside the frame 110. The pull-out test bench 100 has a test surface 130, and the frame 110 divides the test surface 130 to form a plurality of test areas 131.

[0057] Correspondingly, the rock drilling device 200 is used to drill holes in the test area 131. The holes are for inserting the bolt 600 and anchoring the bolt 600 after adding the anchoring agent.

[0058] In addition, the pull-out device 300 is used to pull out the bolt 600, and the stress monitoring device 400 is used to monitor the mechanical data of the bolt 600.

[0059] In the above bolt pull-out test system, the inside of the frame 110 is filled with a concrete layer 120 to form a pull-out test bench 100. The frame 110 divides the test surface 130 of the pull-out test bench 100 to form multiple test areas 131 for simulating the geological conditions of the surrounding rock. When conducting the bolt pull-out test, first use the rock drilling device 200 to drill holes in the multiple test areas 131, then add anchoring agent into the holes, insert the bolt 600 into the holes and bond for anchoring, and then use the pulling device 300 to pull the bolt 600, while using the stress monitoring device 400 to monitor the mechanical data of the bolt 600, so as to be able to test the performance of the bolt 600 under specific geological conditions. Due to the high consistency between the test areas 131, the accuracy and repeatability of the test data can be significantly improved, the problems of complex and changeable geological conditions and large environmental interference in on-site tests are improved, the surrounding rock conditions of each test are ensured to be consistent, so as to obtain more stable and reliable test results and provide more accurate data for the support design of the bolt 600.

[0060] In some embodiments, the frame 110 is formed by tying steel bars. Pour concrete inside the tied frame 110 and form the pull-out test bench 100 after curing.

[0061] It can be understood that by adjusting the concrete materials and mix ratios, such as selecting concretes of different grades, the mechanical effects of different surrounding rock conditions and strengths on the bolt 600 can be simulated.

[0062] Exemplarily, the pull-out test bench 100 is in the shape of a cuboid, and the length, width and height of the pull-out test bench 100 are 3.5m×2.0m×2.0m.

[0063] The diameter of the steel bars used is 20mm. Taking the front surface of the pull-out test bench 100 as the test surface 130, the spacing of the steel bars on the side surface of the pull-out test bench 100 in the width direction is 10cm and in the height direction is 50cm; the spacing of the steel bars on the top and bottom surfaces of the pull-out test bench 100 in the width direction is 10cm and in the length direction is 70cm; the spacing of the steel bars on the back surface of the pull-out test bench 100 in the height direction is 10cm and in the length direction is 50cm; the spacing of the steel bars on the front surface of the pull-out test bench 100 in the height direction is 100cm and in the length direction is 70cm.

[0064] In addition, four steel bars are vertically tied and two steel bars are horizontally tied inside the frame 110, and C30 grade concrete is poured inside the frame 110.

[0065] It can be understood that by adjusting factors such as the spacing of the steel bars and the composition of the concrete, different surrounding rock conditions can be simulated, the whole process of pulling out the bolt 600 under various complex rock mass quality conditions can be tested, so as to evaluate the in-situ tensile pull-out performance of the bolt 600, and it has wide applicability to working conditions.

[0066] Please refer to again Figure 1 In some embodiments, the rock drilling device 200 includes a pneumatic rock drill 210, a water supply mechanism 220, an air supply mechanism 230, and a controller 240.

[0067] Among them, the water supply mechanism 220 includes a pressure-bearing water pipe 221, a water supply pump 222, and a water tank 223. The pneumatic rock drill 210, the water supply pump 222, and the water tank 223 are sequentially connected through the pressure-bearing water pipe 221.

[0068] The air supply mechanism 230 includes a pressure-bearing air pipe 231 and an air compressor 232. The pneumatic rock drill 210 and the air compressor 232 are connected through the pressure-bearing air pipe 231.

[0069] In addition, the controller 240 is electrically connected to the pneumatic rock drill 210 and the air compressor 232 respectively.

[0070] When using the rock drilling device 200 to drill a hole in the test area 131, the water supply pump 222 is turned on. The water supply pump 222 transports the water stored in the water tank 223 to the pneumatic rock drill 210 through the pressure-bearing water pipe 221 to realize the water supply function and cool and dust-remove the pneumatic rock drill 210. At the same time, the controller 240 controls the operation of the pneumatic rock drill 210 and the air compressor 232. The air compressor 232 transports compressed air to the pneumatic rock drill 210 through the pressure-bearing air pipe 231 to provide rock drilling power for the pneumatic rock drill 210.

[0071] Please combine with Figure 3 In some embodiments, the rock drilling device 200 further includes a support mechanism 250. The support mechanism 250 includes a mobile support frame 251, a positioning member 252, a support cross beam 253, a first fastener 254, and a fixed longitudinal beam 255.

[0072] A plurality of limiting holes 251a are provided on the mobile support frame 251, and the plurality of limiting holes 251a are arranged in the vertical direction. The positioning member 252 is inserted into the limiting holes 251a and the support cross beam 253, and the support cross beam 253 is connected to the mobile support frame 251 through the positioning member 252.

[0073] The fixed longitudinal beam 255 extends in a direction perpendicular to the test surface 130, and the fixed longitudinal beam 255 is connected to the support cross beam 253 through the first fastener 254. Correspondingly, the pneumatic rock drill 210 is arranged on the fixed longitudinal beam 255.

[0074] It can be understood that the pneumatic rock drill 210 also extends in a direction perpendicular to the test surface 130 and drills a hole in a direction perpendicular to the test surface 130. During the hole drilling process, the fixed longitudinal beam 255 can stably fix and support the pneumatic rock drill 210.

[0075] When in use, the mobile support frame 251 stands on the ground and can move horizontally. For example, universal wheels are provided at the bottom end of the mobile support frame 251. In addition, by inserting the positioning member 252 into the support cross beam 253 and the limiting holes 251a at different heights simultaneously, the position of the support cross beam 253 on the mobile support frame 251 can be adjusted, and thus the height of the pneumatic rock drill 210 can be adjusted.

[0076] Thereby, the pneumatic rock drill 210 can move horizontally and vertically to drill holes in different test areas 131.

[0077] Furthermore, at least two support cross beams 253 are provided, and the at least two support cross beams 253 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the test surface 130.

[0078] In addition, the fixed longitudinal beam 255 is respectively connected to at least two support cross beams 253 through the first fasteners 254.

[0079] Exemplarily, the mobile support frame 251 is composed of four seamless steel pipes with a length of 2 m and a diameter of 40 mm, and the thickness of the seamless steel pipe is 2 mm. The seamless steel pipes are arranged vertically, and a limiting hole 251a is drilled every 20 cm, and the diameter of the limiting hole 251a is 20 mm.

[0080] The positioning member 252 is a positioning pin with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 60 mm.

[0081] The support cross beam 253 is an I-beam with a length of 1500 mm, a height of 200 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm. Two holes with a diameter of 30 mm are drilled in the middle of the I-beam, and steel pipes are welded to both ends of the I-beam respectively. The diameter of the steel pipe is 50 mm, the length is 200 mm, the thickness is 2 mm, and a hole with a diameter of 20 mm is opened in the middle of the steel pipe. When in use, the positioning member 252 is inserted into the limiting hole 251a and the steel pipe simultaneously to connect the support cross beam 253 with the mobile support frame 251.

[0082] The first fastener 254 is composed of a fastening bolt and a fastening nut. Among them, the fastening bolt is a hexagonal bolt with the label M30×500, and the fastening nut is a hexagonal nut with the label M30.

[0083] The fixed longitudinal beam 255 is also an I-beam with a length of 3000 mm, a height of 200 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm. Two holes with a diameter of 30 mm are drilled in the middle of the I-beam. When in use, the fastening bolt passes through the middle parts of the support cross beam 253 and the fixed longitudinal beam 255 simultaneously, and the fastening nut is tightened to connect the fixed longitudinal beam 255 with the support cross beam 253.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 4, in some embodiments, the pulling device 300 includes an anchor tensioning machine 310, a pressure-bearing oil pipe 320, and an oil pump 330.

[0085] Among them, the anchor tensioning machine 310 and the oil pump 330 are connected through the pressure-bearing oil pipe 320. In addition, the moving end of the anchor tensioning machine 310 is connected to the anchor 600, and the fixed end of the anchor tensioning machine 310 abuts against the stress monitoring device 400.

[0086] When using the pulling device 300 to pull the anchor 600, the oil pump 330 transports hydraulic oil to the anchor tensioning machine 310 through the pressure-bearing oil pipe 320 to provide tensioning power for the anchor tensioning machine 310. At the same time, the moving end of the anchor tensioning machine 310 remains relatively fixed with the anchor 600, and the anchor 600 is pulled outwards. Since the fixed end of the anchor tensioning machine 310 abuts against the stress monitoring device 400, the reaction force exerted by the anchor 600 on the anchor tensioning machine 310 is further transmitted to the stress monitoring device 400 so that the stress monitoring device 400 can monitor the mechanical data of the anchor 600.

[0087] Furthermore, a reaction hook 140 is provided at one end of the pulling test bench 100 away from the test surface 130.

[0088] Specifically, after forming the frame 110 by tying steel bars, the reaction hook 140 is first tied at the rear of the frame 110, and then concrete is poured.

[0089] Correspondingly, the pulling device 300 further includes a reaction steel beam 340. One end of the reaction steel beam 340 is inserted into the reaction hook 140 and is rotationally matched with the reaction hook 140. The anchor tensioning machine 310 is arranged at the other end of the reaction steel beam 340.

[0090] When in use, the reaction steel beam 340 serves as a lever to suspend the anchor tensioning machine 310 with the reaction hook 140 as the fulcrum. On this basis, since the reaction steel beam 340 is rotationally matched with the reaction hook 140 and can rotate within a certain angle range in the horizontal direction, the anchor tensioning machine 310 can be suspended to different positions to pull the anchors 600 in different test areas 131.

[0091] Furthermore, the pulling device 300 further includes a mobile chain block 350 and a chain block winch 360. The anchor tensioning machine 310 is suspended on the reaction steel beam 340 through the mobile chain block 350 and the chain block winch 360.

[0092] When in use, by using the chain block winch 360 to take in and release the mobile chain block 350, the suspension height of the anchor tensioning machine 310 can be adjusted, enabling the moving range of the anchor tensioning machine 310 to be wider.

[0093] Exemplarily, the reaction force hook 140 is made of a steel bar with a diameter of 20 mm. The middle part of the steel bar is bent, and both ends are tied and connected to the frame 110. In addition, a reaction force hook 140 is installed every 50 cm, and a total of three are installed.

[0094] The reaction force steel beam 340 is made of an I-beam, with a length of 4000 mm, a height of 200 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm.

[0095] Optionally, the pulling device 300 further includes a second fastener 370. The second fastener 370 is sleeved on the anchor rod 600, fixedly connected to the anchor rod 600, and is located on the side of the anchor rod tensioning machine 310 away from the stress monitoring device 400.

[0096] During use, the fixed end of the anchor rod tensioning machine 310 abuts against the stress monitoring device 400, and the moving end of the anchor rod tensioning machine 310 abuts against the second fastener 370 in the opposite direction, pushing the second fastener 370 away from the stress monitoring device 400 and the pulling test bench 100, thereby pulling the anchor rod 600 outwards.

[0097] Exemplarily, the second fastener 370 is a fastening nut. A threaded section is provided on the anchor rod 600, and the fastening nut is in threaded fit with the threaded section of the anchor rod 600. In addition, the anchor rod tensioning machine 310 is also sleeved on the anchor rod 600. During assembly, first, the moving end of the anchor rod tensioning machine 310 is sleeved on the anchor rod 600, and then the second fastener 370 is sleeved on the anchor rod 600. The anchor rod tensioning machine 310 clamps and fixes the anchor rod 600 through the second fastener 370.

[0098] In some embodiments, the stress monitoring device 400 includes a force measuring sensor 410, a data transmission cable 420, a force measuring collector 430, and a mobile terminal 440.

[0099] Among them, the force measuring sensor 410, the force measuring collector 430, and the mobile terminal 440 are electrically connected in sequence through the data transmission cable 420. In addition, the fixed end of the anchor rod tensioning machine 310 abuts against the side of the force measuring sensor 410 away from the test surface 130.

[0100] While pulling the anchor rod 600, the fixed end of the anchor rod tensioning machine 310 tightly abuts the force measuring sensor 410 against the test surface 130, using the pulling test bench 100 as a support. The reaction force exerted by the anchor rod 600 on the anchor rod tensioning machine 310 is further transmitted to the force measuring sensor 410, and the mechanical data of the anchor rod 600 is measured by the force measuring sensor 410.

[0101] A series of mechanical data measured by the force sensor 410 is transmitted to the force acquisition instrument 430 through the data transmission cable 420 to realize the data acquisition function, and the mobile terminal 440 analyzes the mechanical data collected by the force acquisition instrument 430.

[0102] Exemplarily, the mobile terminal 440 is a computer.

[0103] Furthermore, the stress monitoring device 400 also includes a force measuring pad 450 and an anchor tray 460 .

[0104] The force measuring pad 450 is located between the force measuring sensor 410 and the test surface 130 , and the anchor tray 460 is located on the side of the force measuring sensor 410 away from the test surface 130 . The fixed end of the anchor tensioning machine 310 abuts against the anchor tray 460 .

[0105] Specifically, the force pad 450, the force sensor 410 and the anchor tray 460 are all sleeved on the anchor 600 and arranged in sequence in a direction away from the test surface 130. When in use, the force pad 450 and the anchor tray 460 can protect the force sensor 410 and make the force sensor 410 evenly stressed, which is conducive to the force sensor 410 accurately measuring the mechanical data of the anchor 600.

[0106] For example, the anchor rod 600 is made of threaded steel, has a diameter of 32 mm, and a length of 2000 mm. The dimensions of the anchor rod tray 460 are 1200 mm×800 mm×150 mm.

[0107] In some embodiments, the anchor pull-out test system further includes a mobile power supply 500, and the water supply pump 222, the air compressor 232, the controller 240, the oil pump 330 and the force acquisition instrument 430 are electrically connected to the mobile power supply 500 via power lines.

[0108] When in use, the mobile power supply 500 supplies power to the water supply pump 222 , the air compressor 232 , the controller 240 , the oil pump 330 and the force measuring and collecting instrument 430 , respectively.

[0109] In summary, the above-mentioned anchor pull-out test system can significantly improve the accuracy and repeatability of test data by forming multiple highly consistent test areas 131 on the test surface 130 of the pull-out test bench 100, and by adjusting the concrete materials and proportions to simulate the mechanical effects of different surrounding rock conditions and strengths on the anchor 600, thereby improving the problems of complex and changeable geological conditions and large environmental interference in field tests, ensuring that the surrounding rock conditions of each test are consistent, thereby obtaining more stable and reliable test results, and providing more accurate data for the support design of the anchor 600.

[0110] The bolt pull-out test system is simple to set up and convenient to use, which can significantly reduce the cost of evaluating the support performance of bolts 600. The bolt pull-out test system can be completed at the experimental site, reducing the equipment, personnel and time investment required for on-site tests, lowering the test cost, improving economic efficiency, shortening the test cycle, and making the evaluation of the support performance of bolts 600 more economical and efficient. The bolt pull-out test system provides an important test platform for the innovation and development of bolt 600 support technology. Through this bolt pull-out test system, researchers can deeply explore the interaction mechanism between bolts 600 and surrounding rocks, providing a theoretical basis for the design of new bolt 600 materials and structures. The wide application of this bolt pull-out test system helps to promote the innovation and development of bolt 600 testing technology.

[0111] In addition, the above bolt pull-out test system significantly enhances the applicability of bolt pull-out tests under different working conditions, and can test the whole process of bolt 600 pull-out under various complex rock mass quality conditions to evaluate the in-situ tensile pull-out performance of bolts 600. For different surrounding rock conditions, this bolt pull-out test system can achieve fine simulation and provide accurate test results, with wide applicability under various working conditions.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 5 , this embodiment also provides a bolt pull-out test method, which is applied to the above bolt pull-out test system. The bolt pull-out test method includes the following steps:

[0113] S1, fabricate the pull-out test bench 100.

[0114] Specifically, to prevent the pull-out test bench 100 from being damaged by tension during the pull-out process, the pull-out test bench 100 is formed into a frame 110 by tying steel bars, and concrete is poured inside the frame 110 and cured. By adjusting the concrete materials and mix ratios, the mechanical effects of different surrounding rock conditions and strengths on bolts 600 can be simulated. In addition, the test surface 130 of the pull-out test bench 100 is divided into multiple test areas 131, and rock drilling and bolt 600 anchoring are carried out in the test areas 131 during the test.

[0115] S2, use the rock drilling device 200 to drill holes in the test area 131.

[0116] Specifically, the pneumatic rock drill 210 is connected to the water supply pump 222 and the water tank 223 in sequence through the pressure-bearing water pipe 221 to achieve the water supply function and cool and dust-remove the pneumatic rock drill 210. The pneumatic rock drill 210 is connected to the air compressor 232 through the pressure-bearing air pipe 231 to provide rock drilling power for the pneumatic rock drill 210. The pneumatic rock drill 210 and the air compressor 232 are both electrically connected to the controller 240 to achieve the control function. The water supply pump 222, the air compressor 232, the controller 240, the oil pump 330 and the force measurement collector 430 are electrically connected to the mobile power source 500 through the power cord to achieve the power supply function.

[0117] The support cross beam 253 is connected to the mobile support frame 251 through the positioning member 252, and the fixed longitudinal beam 255 is connected to the support cross beam 253 through the first fastener 254, and then the pneumatic rock drill 210 is installed on the fixed longitudinal beam 255.

[0118] After the equipment is connected, turn on the switches of the pneumatic rock drill 210, the water supply pump 222, the air compressor 232, the controller 240 and the mobile power source 500. Move the pneumatic rock drill 210 horizontally and vertically to drill holes in the test area 131 of the pull-out test bench 100. The diameter of the drilled hole is 40 mm.

[0119] S3. Add an anchoring agent into the drilled hole, insert the anchor bolt 600 into the drilled hole, and bond and anchor it.

[0120] Specifically, add a resin anchoring agent into the drilled hole, rotate and stir the anchor bolt 600 to insert it into the drilled hole for bonding and anchoring. Then, install a force measurement gasket 450, a force measurement sensor 410 and an anchor bolt tray 460 at the end of the anchor bolt 600 in sequence.

[0121] Subsequently, the force measurement sensor 410, the force measurement collector 430 and the mobile terminal 440 are electrically connected through the data transmission cable 420.

[0122] S4. Use the pulling device 300 to pull the anchor bolt 600.

[0123] Specifically, connect one end of the reaction steel beam 340 to the reaction hook 140, hang a mobile chain block 350 and a chain winch 360 at the other end of the reaction steel beam 340, and use the mobile chain block 350 and the chain winch 360 to hoist the anchor bolt tensiometer 310. Move the anchor bolt tensiometer 310 up and down and horizontally until it is aligned with the anchor bolt 600 to be pulled, and then put the mobile end of the anchor bolt tensiometer 310 on the anchor bolt 600 and install the second fastener 370 to complete the fastening.

[0124] In addition, the anchor bolt tensiometer 310 is connected to the oil pump 330 through the pressure-bearing oil pipe 320. Turn on the oil pump 330 to conduct a pull-out test on the anchor bolt 600.

[0125] S5. Monitor the mechanical data of the anchor rod 600 using the stress monitoring device 400.

[0126] Specifically, turn on the switches of the force measuring collector 430 and the mobile terminal 440 to perform real-time collection and analysis of the mechanical data of the anchor rod 600.

[0127] It should be noted that the sequence of the above steps S4 and S5 is not limited.

[0128] In all the examples shown and described here, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary, not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0129] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0130] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor pull-out test system, characterized in that: include: A pull-out test bench, comprising a frame and a concrete layer filled in the frame, wherein the pull-out test bench has a test surface, and the frame divides the test surface into a plurality of test areas; A rock drilling device, used for drilling a borehole in the test area, wherein the borehole is used for inserting and anchoring an anchor rod; A pulling device, used for pulling the anchor rod; as well as The stress monitoring device is used to monitor the mechanical data of the anchor rod.

2. The anchor pull-out test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock drilling device comprises a pneumatic rock drill, a water supply mechanism, an air supply mechanism and a controller; The water supply mechanism comprises a pressure water pipe, a water supply pump and a water tank, and the pneumatic rock drill, the water supply pump and the water tank are connected in sequence through the pressure water pipe; The air supply mechanism comprises a pressure-bearing air duct and an air compressor, and the pneumatic rock drill and the air compressor are connected via the pressure-bearing air duct; The controller is electrically connected to the pneumatic rock drill and the air compressor respectively.

3. The anchor pull-out test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rock drilling device further comprises a support mechanism, wherein the support mechanism comprises a movable support frame, a positioning member, a support beam, a first fastener and a fixed longitudinal beam; The movable support frame is provided with a plurality of limiting holes, and the plurality of limiting holes are arranged along the vertical direction; The positioning member is inserted into the limiting hole and the supporting crossbeam, and the supporting crossbeam is connected to the movable supporting frame through the positioning member; The fixed longitudinal beam is extended in a direction perpendicular to the test surface, and the fixed longitudinal beam is connected to the supporting cross beam through the first fastener; The pneumatic rock drill is arranged on the fixed longitudinal beam.

4. The anchor pull-out test system according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least two supporting beams are provided, and at least two supporting beams are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the test surface; The fixed longitudinal beam is respectively connected to at least two of the supporting cross beams through the first fasteners.

5. The anchor pull-out test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulling device includes an anchor tensioning machine, a pressure oil pipe and an oil pump. The anchor tensioning machine and the oil pump are connected through the pressure oil pipe. The movable end of the anchor tensioning machine is connected to the anchor, and the fixed end of the anchor tensioning machine abuts against the stress monitoring device.

6. The anchor pull-out test system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A reaction hook is provided at one end of the pulling test bench away from the test surface; The pulling device further comprises a reaction steel beam, one end of which is inserted into the reaction hook and rotatably cooperates with the reaction hook; The anchor tensioning machine is arranged at the other end of the reaction steel beam.

7. The anchor pull-out test system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pulling device also includes a movable fall chain and a fall chain winch, and the anchor tensioning machine is suspended on the reaction steel beam through the movable fall chain and the fall chain winch.

8. The anchor pull-out test system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stress monitoring device comprises a force sensor, a data transmission cable, a force acquisition instrument and a mobile terminal, wherein the force sensor, the force acquisition instrument and the mobile terminal are electrically connected in sequence through the data transmission cable; The fixed end of the anchor tensioning machine abuts against a side of the force sensor facing away from the test surface.

9. The anchor pull-out test system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The stress monitoring device also includes a force measuring gasket and an anchor tray. The force measuring gasket is located between the force sensor and the test surface. The anchor tray is located on the side of the force sensor away from the test surface. The fixed end of the anchor tensioning machine abuts against the anchor tray.

10. An anchor pull-out test method, characterized in that: The anchor pull-out test system applied to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the anchor pull-out test method comprises: Making the pulling test bench; drilling the borehole in the test area using the rock drilling device; Adding an anchoring agent into the drill hole, inserting the anchor rod into the drill hole, and bonding and anchoring; Pulling the anchor rod using the pulling device; The stress monitoring device is used to monitor the mechanical data of the anchor rod.

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