Novel battery management system for electric energy storage and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage control systems, and discloses a novel battery management system for electric power energy storage and a control method thereof.In the novel battery management system, a stack controller, a cluster controller and a PACK controller each comprise two ARM processors, the two ARM processors of the stack controller and the cluster controller are in communication connection through an SPI bus, and the two ARM processors of the PACK controller are in communication connection through an SPI bus; the two ARM processors of the PACK controller are in communication connection through an SCI bus, and the two ARM processors of the PACK controller are in cross communication connection with the two sampling modules respectively; two ARM processors in the heap controller are both in communication connection with the EMS system and the PCS system; the two ARM processors of each controller are mutually main and standby redundancy, and switching control can be carried out. According to the invention, main-standby redundancy communication and main-standby redundancy control functions can be realized, cross redundancy of PACK controller cell data sampling can be realized, and operation reliability and universality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage control systems, and particularly to a new battery management system for power energy storage and its control method. Background Art

[0002] The battery management system is used for battery management and control in application scenarios such as large-scale energy storage power stations, new energy energy storage distribution stations, industrial and commercial energy storage, etc. It can communicate with PCS (energy storage converter) and energy storage management system (EMS), and can detect battery voltage, current, and temperature in real time. At the same time, it manages leakage detection, thermal management, battery equalization management, alarm protection, SOX calculation, charge and discharge control, etc., to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the power energy storage system.

[0003] The battery management system is an important part of the power energy storage system, with functions such as optimized scheduling, load management, demand control, real-time detection, peak shaving and valley filling, etc., and ensures the safety of the power energy storage system, thereby ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the entire energy storage power station.

[0004] The main problems of the current battery management system are as follows: First, redundant control cannot be achieved. Because in the current battery management system, the stack controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller are all connected by a single communication line. If one of the lines is broken, the corresponding PACK or cluster cannot be controlled, and the entire stack will trip and be protected. Second, data redundancy cannot be achieved. Because in the current battery management system, the stack controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller are all designed with a single CPU. If there is a problem with the program of one of the CPUs or a line failure, the data of the corresponding PACK or cluster cannot be uploaded. When the stack controller does not receive complete data, it will protect and trip, and the system will stop operating. Third, cross-redundancy of cell data sampling cannot be achieved. Because each PACK controller directly samples all cells and only uploads all cell data through one line. Even if there is an error in the data of one cell or a communication interruption, the entire device will stop running. Fourth, the data backup function is lacking. Because in the current battery management system, all running data is only in one copy. If this data is incorrect, it will cause alarms and protection trips at least, and at worst, it will cause operation failures of the energy storage system, affecting the stable operation of the entire energy storage power station.

[0005] For the above reasons, it is necessary for the battery management system to solve the following problems: redundant control of the stack controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller, data redundancy processing, cross-redundancy of cell data sampling by the PACK controller, and timely comparison and switching when data is incorrect. Currently, there is no battery management system on the market that can have these functions. If two sets of equipment are used to complete it, the cost is too high. Therefore, the battery management system needs to be further improved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a new battery management system for power energy storage and its control method, optimize the layout of the system structure, realize the main and standby redundant communication and the main and standby redundant control functions, and can realize the cross redundancy of the cell data sampling of the PACK controller. Under the condition of controlling the cost, improve the system function, and enhance the operation reliability and versatility of the system.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] A new battery management system for power energy storage, including a stack controller, a cluster controller, a PACK controller and a sampling module that are sequentially communicatively connected. Both the stack controller, the cluster controller, and the PACK controller include two ARM processors. The two ARM processors of the stack controller and the cluster controller are communicatively connected by an SPI bus. The two ARM processors of the PACK controller are communicatively connected by an SCI bus. The two ARM processors of the PACK controller are respectively cross-communicatively connected to two sampling modules;

[0009] In the stack controller, each ARM processor is respectively connected to an Ethernet interface for communicatively connecting with the EMS system, and the two ARM processors are jointly connected to an Ethernet interface for communicatively connecting with the PCS system;

[0010] One ARM processor in the stack controller, one ARM processor in the cluster controller, and one ARM processor in the PACK controller are sequentially communicatively connected through a CAN bus to form a main communication link; the other ARM processor in the stack controller, the other ARM processor in the cluster controller, and the other ARM processor in the PACK controller are sequentially communicatively connected through a CAN bus to form a standby communication link.

[0011] Further, each ARM processor of the PACK controller is respectively connected to two UART interfaces, and each UART interface is communicatively connected to two of the sampling modules.

[0012] Further, the two ARM processors of the stack controller and the cluster controller are both transplanted with the Linux system, and the two ARM processors of the PACK controller are both transplanted with the FreeRTOS system.

[0013] Further, the two ARM processors in the stack controller are jointly connected to 5 RS485 communication interfaces, which are respectively used for communicatively connecting with a liquid cooling host, a fire protection device, an electric power meter, an IO module, and a UPS power supply.

[0014] Further, the two ARM processors in the cluster controller are jointly connected to 2 RS485 communication interfaces, which are respectively used for communicatively connecting with an insulation detection module and an IO module.

[0015] Further, each ARM processor in the cluster controller is connected to two CAN communication interfaces, which are respectively used for communication connection with the corresponding ARM processor in the stack controller and the corresponding ARM processor in the PACK controller; each ARM processor in the PACK controller is connected to one CAN communication interface, which is used for communication connection with the corresponding ARM processor in the cluster controller.

[0016] Further, the sampling module adopts an AFE chip, and each sampling module is correspondingly connected to 26 - 52 battery cells for collecting battery cell data.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention provides a control method for a new battery management system for power energy storage, which is applied to the above - mentioned new battery management system for power energy storage, and includes the following steps:

[0018] Each stack controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller respectively complete the following primary - standby switching control:

[0019] Each ARM processor performs self - inspection to determine whether it is the primary ARM or the standby ARM. Among them, the primary ARM refers to the ARM processor in the primary communication link, and the standby ARM refers to the ARM processor in the standby communication link;

[0020] If it is the primary ARM, when the primary ARM receives a switching command issued by the superior or the system meets the conditions for fault switching, it determines whether the standby ARM has a fault. If the standby ARM has no fault, a switch is made between the primary ARM and the standby ARM, switching the primary ARM to the standby state and the standby ARM to the working state;

[0021] If it is the standby ARM, when the standby ARM receives a switching command issued by the superior or the system meets the conditions for fault switching, it determines whether the standby ARM has a fault. If the standby ARM has no fault, the standby ARM is switched to the working state (i.e., used as the host). If the standby ARM has a fault, it further determines whether the primary ARM has a fault. If so, a shutdown instruction is sent to the EMS system for fault alarm. If not, the working state of the primary ARM is maintained without switching.

[0022] Further, the conditions for fault switching include:

[0023] When an ARM processor in the stack controller, cluster controller, or PACK controller has a fault, or there is a communication fault between the stack controller and the cluster controller, or there is a communication fault between the cluster controller and the PACK controller, after a delay of 1S, if the fault still exists, an ARM fault switch is triggered to switch between the standby processor and the primary processor;

[0024] When there is an error in the cell data sampling of the PACK controller or a cell disconnection fault occurs, after a delay of 1 minute, the ARM fault switch is triggered to switch between the standby ARM and the primary ARM.

[0025] Furthermore, the method further includes:

[0026] Real-time communication is carried out between the two ARM processors in each stack controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller for data synchronization; when the faulty ARM processor is reset or restarted, it obtains data from another normally operating ARM processor for data recovery.

[0027] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the novel battery management system and its control method for power energy storage provided by the present invention adopt stack controllers, cluster controllers, and PACK controllers with dual ARM cores, and specifically disclose the following technical effects:

[0028] (1) Increase the communication redundancy function of the battery management system: From the stack controller to the cluster controller, and then to the PACK controller, all adopt 1+1 communication redundancy. Between the stack controller and the EMS system, 1+1 dual Ethernet communications are adopted. When the primary Ethernet fails, the standby can be switched to the primary, and the original primary Ethernet after reconnecting is used as the standby; between the stack controller and the cluster controller, 1+1 dual CAN communications are adopted. When the primary CAN communication fails, the standby can be switched to the primary, and the original primary CAN communication after reconnecting is used as the standby. Between the cluster controller and the PACK controller, 1+1 dual CAN communications are adopted. When the primary CAN fails, the standby can be switched to the primary, and the original primary CAN after reconnecting is used as the standby.

[0029] (2) Increase the data redundancy function of the battery management system: From the stack controller to the cluster controller, and then to the PACK controller, all adopt controller redundancy with dual ARM processors. All data is simultaneously in the primary ARM and the standby ARM. The data between the two ARM processors is consistent and has a communication function for data interaction. When the primary ARM fails or has data errors, the standby ARM enters the working state. After the original primary ARM is reset and restarted, it is used as the standby ARM. When the data between the two ARMs is inconsistent and there is no fault, the primary ARM is taken as the standard.

[0030] (3) Add the cross-redundancy function for cell data sampling: The PACK controller uses two ARM processors, which are the primary and backup to each other. Each ARM processor controls 2 UART interfaces respectively, communicates with 2 sampling modules crossly, and each ARM processor can read the data of 2 sampling modules simultaneously. If one of the ARM processors fails or the UART communication fails, it can be switched to the other ARM and the UART communication line controlled by this ARM in real time; The two ARM processors communicate with each other through SCI. During normal operation, the data of the two ARM processors can be synchronized. If there is a problem with the sampling data of one ARM processor, the sampling data of the other ARM processor can be used. If there are problems with the sampling data of both ARM processors, faults can be reported and protection tripping can be processed.

[0031] (4) Add the backup function for all data of the battery management system: In the battery management system, some data are easily interfered and affected by on-site wiring, electromagnetic interference, temperature factors, etc., resulting in false alarms and incorrect sampling values. Therefore, all data are backed up simultaneously in the dual cores of the controllers at all levels; that is, in each ARM processor, there is not only the data collected and calculated by itself, but also the data collected and calculated by the other ARM processor. The two ARM processors communicate and exchange data in real time. When one ARM processor fails, resets, or restarts, it receives data from the other ARM processor for recovery and then can be used.

[0032] (5) When switching between the two ARM processors in the stack controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller, the switching logic to be followed includes: active control switching and fault switching; During active control switching, the monitoring background needs to switch the ARM processor, and it can be switched to the standby ARM through a control command; During fault switching, the stack controller first judges whether the main ARM of the cluster controller fails, whether the communication between the cluster controller and the stack controller fails, whether the ARM of the PACK controller fails, and whether the communication between the cluster controller and the PACK controller fails. If any of these occurs, the stack controller will judge whether the standby ARM fails. If there is no failure, it will be switched to the standby ARM, and the standby ARM takes over the control right. The data sent to the EMS system is the data of the standby ARM until the main ARM returns to normal. If the system is in the shutdown or locked mode, it will be switched to the main ARM again;

[0033] (6) The battery management system has better versatility: This battery management system can be applied to different power energy storage battery management systems such as large-scale energy storage power stations, new energy energy storage power stations for distribution, and industrial and commercial energy storage. Description of the Drawings

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of a new battery management system for power energy storage in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Redundant communication structure schematic diagram of the new battery management system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 Cross - connection schematic diagram of the PACK controller and the sampling module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of a power energy storage system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 For Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of a single cluster of the power energy storage system in

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the switching logic process of the main - standby ARM in an embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is the overall switching control flow chart of the two ARM processors, (b) is the switching control flow chart of ARM1, and (c) is the switching control flow chart of ARM2;

[0041] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the logic process of fault switching in an embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new battery management system and control method for power energy storage. First, a stack controller with a dual - ARM core is adopted to achieve main - standby redundant communication and main - standby redundant control functions. Secondly, a cluster controller with a dual - ARM core is adopted to achieve main - standby redundant communication and main - standby redundant control. A PACK controller with a dual - ARM core is adopted to achieve main - standby cross - redundant data acquisition and communication functions.

[0044] The present invention realizes the design of multiple redundancy functions with a very small increase in cost. While having powerful functions, it realizes the stable operation of the device. The present invention has the characteristics of high reliability, powerful functions, and strong versatility.

[0045] In order to make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] As Figures 1 - 3 shown, the novel battery management system for power energy storage provided by the present invention includes a stack controller, a cluster controller, a PACK controller, and a sampling module that are communicatively connected in sequence. The stack controller, the cluster controller, and the PACK controller all include two ARM processors with the same functions. The two ARM processors in the stack controller and the cluster controller are communicatively connected by an SPI bus. The two ARM processors in the PACK controller are communicatively connected by an SCI bus. The two ARM processors in the PACK controller are respectively cross-communicatively connected to two sampling modules;

[0048] The two ARM processors in the stack controller and the cluster controller are both transplanted with the Linux system. The two ARM processors in the PACK controller are both transplanted with the FreeRTOS system;

[0049] In the stack controller, each ARM processor is respectively connected to an Ethernet interface for communicatively connecting with the EMS system. The two ARM processors are jointly connected to an Ethernet interface for communicatively connecting with the PCS system; that is, the stack controller is provided with at least 3 Ethernet interfaces. Among them, two Ethernet interfaces are respectively connected to the two ARM processors one by one for communicatively connecting with the EMS system; one Ethernet interface is jointly connected to the two ARM processors. The network interfaces of the two ARM processors share this Ethernet interface through an interrupt method to realize communication with the PCS system.

[0050] One ARM processor in the stack controller, one ARM processor in the cluster controller, and one ARM processor in the PACK controller are communicatively connected in sequence through a CAN bus to form a main communication link; the other ARM processor in the stack controller, the other ARM processor in the cluster controller, and the other ARM processor in the PACK controller are communicatively connected in sequence through a CAN bus to form a standby communication link.

[0051] Specifically, as Figure 3As shown, each ARM processor of the PACK controller is respectively connected to two UART interfaces, and each UART interface is communicatively connected to two of the sampling modules. The sampling modules use AFE chips, and each sampling module is correspondingly connected to 26 - 52 battery cells for collecting battery cell data. By way of example, each ARM of the PACK controller communicates with sampling module 1 and sampling module 2 using UART. Each sampling module is connected to 52 battery cells, and each ARM processor can obtain the battery cell data of sampling module 1 and sampling module 2, that is, each PACK controller can obtain all the data of 104 battery cells.

[0052] Two ARM processors in the stack controller are jointly connected to an RS485 interface component. The RS485 interface component includes multiple RS485 communication interfaces, such as 5 RS485 communication interfaces, which are respectively used for communicatively connecting to a liquid cooling host, fire protection equipment, power meters, IO modules, and UPS power supplies.

[0053] Two ARM processors in the cluster controller are jointly connected to 2 RS485 communication interfaces, which are respectively used for communicatively connecting to an insulation detection module and an IO module.

[0054] Each ARM processor in the cluster controller is connected to 2 CAN communication interfaces, which are respectively used for communicatively connecting to the corresponding ARM processor in the stack controller and the corresponding ARM processor in the PACK controller; each ARM processor in the PACK controller is connected to 1 CAN communication interface for communicatively connecting to the corresponding ARM processor in the cluster controller.

[0055] In the above - mentioned embodiments, the RS485 communication interfaces all adopt the MODBUS_RTU communication protocol, the CAN communication interfaces all adopt the CAN communication protocol, the Ethernet interface for connecting to the EMS system adopts the IEC104 communication protocol, and the Ethernet interface for connecting to the PCS system adopts the MODBUS_TCP communication protocol.

[0056] In the stack controller, the two ARM processors communicate with each other using SPI. The data of one ARM processor is backed up in the other ARM processor. After one ARM processor fails, recovers, resets, and restarts, the other ARM processor transfers the data to the recovered ARM processor; the stack controller and the EMS system communicate using IEC104, and communicate with the cluster controller using CAN. When transmitting data, each ARM processor only transmits the data of its own ARM processor to the EMS system and the cluster controller.

[0057] In the cluster controller, SPI communication is used between two ARM processors for data transfer, backup, and synchronization between the two ARM processors. CAN communication is used between the cluster controller and the stack controller for the uplink, and CAN communication is used between the cluster controller and the PACK controller for the downlink.

[0058] In the PACK controller, SCI communication is used between two ARM processors for data transfer, backup, and synchronization between the two ARM processors. CAN communication is used between the PACK controller and the cluster controller. When transmitting data, each ARM processor only transmits its own data to the cluster controller.

[0059] The two ARM processors in the stack controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller are redundant with each other as the primary and backup. Divided from the vertical communication transmission direction into the primary communication link and the backup communication link, when switching, it involves active control switching and fault switching, etc. During active control switching, the monitoring background needs to switch the ARM, which can be switched to the standby ARM through a control command; during fault switching, the stack controller first determines whether the primary ARM of the cluster controller is faulty, whether the communication between the cluster controller and the stack controller is faulty, whether the ARM of the PACK controller is faulty, and whether the communication between the cluster controller and the PACK controller is faulty. If any of these occurs, the stack controller will determine whether the standby ARM is faulty. If there is no fault, it will switch to the standby ARM, and the standby ARM takes over the control right. The data sent to the EMS system is the data of the standby ARM. Until the primary ARM returns to normal, if the system is in the shutdown or locked mode, it will then switch to the primary ARM.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] As Figure 4 shown, Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a power energy storage system, including the above-mentioned new battery management system. The new battery management system includes a stack controller, multiple cluster controllers, and multiple PCAK controllers. Additionally, it includes a liquid cooling host, fire protection equipment, power meters, input / output (IO) modules, a UPS power module, an insulation detection module, an EMS system, a PCS system, etc. Each power energy storage system only uses one set of the new battery management system.

[0062] Specifically, each power energy storage system includes 1 stack controller, 1 PCS, 1 set of EMS system, N cluster controllers, MN PACK controllers, 1 liquid cooling unit, 1 fire protection equipment, 1 power meter, 1 UPS power module, 2 IO modules, and 1 insulation detection module. Among them, N is the number of cluster controllers corresponding to the battery clusters in each battery stack, and M is the number of PACK controllers corresponding to the battery PACKs in each battery cluster.

[0063] The new battery management system is divided into a three - level architecture, including a stack controller, a cluster controller, and a PACK controller. The new battery management system is connected to the EMS system via Ethernet and uses the IEC104 communication protocol; it is connected to the PCS via Ethernet and uses the ModbusTCP communication protocol; it is connected to the liquid - cooling host, fire - fighting equipment, power meters, IO modules, UPS power supplies, and insulation detection modules via RS485 and uses the ModbusRTU communication protocol.

[0064] The PACK controller of the new battery management system collects data of the PACK. Each PACK has 104 battery cells. The PACK controller detects data such as the voltage and temperature of the 104 battery cells through a sampling module.

[0065] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, a single cluster includes a cluster controller, an APCK controller, a PACK, a circuit breaker CB, a shunt FL, a pre - charge branch PC (Pre - Charge), a fuse FU, etc. The circuit breaker CB is mainly used for controlling the opening and closing of the main circuit of a single cluster and over - current protection; the shunt FL is used for current sharing between clusters to avoid inter - cluster circulating current and current overload; the pre - charge branch PC mainly limits the current during the charge - discharge startup process of the cluster to prevent over - current; the fuse FU is used for quick - break protection when the cluster is overloaded.

[0066] Multiple PACKs are connected in series to form a battery cluster. The positive pole of the battery cluster is sequentially connected to the circuit breaker CB after being connected in series with the fuse FU and the pre - charge branch PC. After the negative pole of the battery cluster is connected in series with the shunt FL, it is connected to the circuit breaker CB; the pre - charge branch PC is electrically connected to the cluster controller.

[0067] Embodiment 3

[0068] As Figure 6 shown in (a) of , the present invention provides a control method for a new battery management system for power energy storage, which is applied to the new battery management system for power energy storage described above and includes the following steps:

[0069] Each stack controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller respectively complete the following primary - standby switching control:

[0070] Each ARM processor conducts self - inspection to determine whether it is the primary ARM or the standby ARM. Among them, the primary ARM refers to the ARM processor in the primary communication link, and the standby ARM refers to the ARM processor in the standby communication link;

[0071] If it is the primary ARM, when the primary ARM receives a handover command sent from the superior or the system meets the conditions for fault handover, it determines whether the standby ARM has a fault. If the standby ARM has no fault, a handover is performed between the primary ARM and the standby ARM, switching the primary ARM to the standby state and the standby ARM to the working state;

[0072] If it is the standby ARM, when the standby ARM receives a handover command sent from the superior or the system meets the conditions for fault handover, it determines whether the standby ARM has a fault. If the standby ARM has no fault, the standby ARM is switched to the working state (i.e., used as the host). If the standby ARM has a fault, it further determines whether the primary ARM has a fault. If so, a shutdown instruction is sent and reported as a fault to the EMS system. If not, the working state of the primary ARM is maintained without performing a handover.

[0073] Figure 6 As shown in (b) and (c) below, they are the control logics corresponding to ARM1 and ARM2 respectively, where one of ARM1 and ARM2 is the primary ARM and the other is the standby ARM. Figure 6 Taking the handover of ARM1 in (b) as an example, a handover is performed when a handover command, communication fault, corresponding PACK fault, or cluster fault is received and determined.

[0074] In the above method, real-time communication is carried out between the two ARM processors in each heap controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller for data synchronization; when the faulty ARM processor is reset or restarted, it obtains data from the other normally operating ARM processor for data recovery.

[0075] It not only improves the reliability and stability of the system, but also enhances the fault tolerance of the system, optimizing system maintenance and management. By introducing an efficient primary-standby handover mechanism, real-time communication and data synchronization functions, and a perfect fault detection and handling process, the overall performance of the power energy storage system is significantly improved. It not only improves the reliability and stability of the system, but also enhances the fault tolerance and maintainability, providing a safer, more efficient and convenient solution. These technical effects make this method have broad application prospects and important promotion value in practical applications.

[0076] As Figure 7 shown, the conditions for the fault handover include:

[0077] When a fault occurs in the ARM in the heap controller, cluster controller, or PACK controller, or when there is a communication fault between the heap controller and the cluster controller, or when there is a communication fault between the cluster controller and the PACK controller, if the fault still exists after a 1S delay, the ARM fault handover is triggered to perform a handover between the standby ARM and the primary ARM;

[0078] When there is an error in the cell data sampling of the PACK controller or a cell disconnection fault occurs, after a 1-minute delay, the ARM fault switching is triggered to switch between the standby ARM and the primary ARM.

[0079] In summary, the present invention provides a new battery management system and control method for power energy storage, and the specific functions are described in detail as follows:

[0080] (1) Communication redundancy

[0081] Communication redundancy is designed between the stack controller of the new battery management system and the EMS system, between the stack controller and the cluster controller, and between the cluster controller and the PACK controller. The stack controller is communicatively connected to the EMS system through 2 Ethernet ports and to the cluster controller through 2 CAN buses. The cluster controller is communicatively connected to the stack controller through 2 CAN buses and to the insulation detection module and the IO module through 2 RS485 buses. The PACK controller is communicatively connected to the cluster controller through 2 CAN buses.

[0082] (2) Data redundancy

[0083] In the new battery management system, the main control chip of the stack controller uses 2 ARMs with completely the same functions, both transplanted with the Linux system and having exactly the same data. SPI communication is used between the two ARMs. Each ARM controls 1 Ethernet port to communicate with the EMS system and 1 CAN to connect to the cluster controller, and the communication data is also exactly the same, being redundant to each other. The main control chip of the cluster controller is 2 ARMs with completely the same functions, both transplanted with the Linux system and having exactly the same data. SPI communication is used between the two ARMs. Each ARM controls 2 CAN buses, 1 CAN bus is connected to the stack controller, and 1 CAN bus is connected to the PACK controller, and the communication data is also exactly the same, being redundant to each other. The main control chip of the PACK controller is 2 ARMs with completely the same functions, both transplanted with the FreeRTOS system and having exactly the same data. SCI communication is used between the two ARMs. Each ARM controls 1 CAN bus to communicate with the cluster controller, and the communication data is also exactly the same, being redundant to each other.

[0084] (3) Sampling cross redundancy

[0085] The PACK controller uses a dual-ARM main control chip, with each acting as the primary and backup for the other. Each ARM core controls 2 UART interfaces respectively, and communicates with 2 sampling modules in a cross-connection manner. The PACK controller of the battery management system and the sampling modules are cross-connected. Each ARM communicates with both sampling module 1 and sampling module 2 via UART. Each sampling module 1 is connected to the PACK of 52 battery cells. Each ARM can obtain the battery cell data of sampling module 1 and sampling module 2, that is, each PACK controller can obtain all the data of 104 battery cells.

[0086] (4) Primary-backup switching function

[0087] SCI communication is used between the two ARMs. During normal operation, the data of the two ARMs can be synchronized. The data of the new battery management system is mainly selected from the primary ARM. When the primary ARM communicates with the sampling module or there is a sampling data failure, the ARM is switched. The standby ARM switches to the working state, and the original ARM will be reset or restarted. If communication, sampling, and data are running normally, it can enter the standby state. When communication, sampling, and data failures occur in both ARMs, a fault will be reported and a protection trip will be processed.

[0088] (5) Data backup function

[0089] In the new battery management system, all the data in the stack controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller are in the primary ARM and the standby ARM. The two ARMs have a communication function and can perform data interaction between them. When the primary ARM fails or there is a data error, the standby ARM is put into use. After the original primary ARM is reset and restarted, it serves as the standby and receives data from the standby ARM that has been put into use for recovery. When the data between the two ARMs is inconsistent and there is no failure, the data in the primary ARM shall prevail.

[0090] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation method of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. To sum up, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A new battery management system for power storage, characterized in that: It comprises a stack controller, a cluster controller, a PACK controller and a sampling module which are sequentially connected in communication, wherein the stack controller, the cluster controller and the PACK controller each comprise two ARM processors, the two ARM processors of the stack controller and the cluster controller are connected in communication via an SPI bus, the two ARM processors of the PACK controller are connected in communication via an SCI bus, and the two ARM processors of the PACK controller are cross-connected in communication with two sampling modules respectively; In the stack controller, each ARM processor is respectively connected to an Ethernet interface for communicating with the EMS system, and two ARM processors are commonly connected to an Ethernet interface for communicating with the PCS system; An ARM processor in the stack controller, an ARM processor in the cluster controller, and an ARM processor in the PACK controller are connected in sequence via CAN bus communication to form a main communication link; another ARM processor in the stack controller, another ARM processor in the cluster controller, and another ARM processor in the PACK controller are connected in sequence via CAN bus communication to form a backup communication link.

2. The new battery management system for electric energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each ARM processor of the PACK controller is connected to two UART interfaces respectively, and each UART interface is communicatively connected to two of the sampling modules.

3. The new battery management system for electric energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two ARM processors of the heap controller and the cluster controller are transplanted with Linux system, and the two ARM processors of the PACK controller are transplanted with FreeRTOS system.

4. The new battery management system for electric energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two ARM processors in the stack controller are commonly connected to five RS485 communication interfaces, which are respectively used for communication connection with a liquid cooling host, fire fighting equipment, a power meter, an IO module, and a UPS power supply.

5. The new battery management system for electric energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two ARM processors in the cluster controller are commonly connected to two RS485 communication interfaces, which are used for communicating with the insulation detection module and the IO module respectively.

6. The new battery management system for electric energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each ARM processor in the cluster controller is connected to two CAN communication interfaces, which are respectively used to communicate with the corresponding ARM processor in the stack controller and the corresponding ARM processor in the PACK controller; each ARM processor in the PACK controller is connected to one CAN communication interface, which is used to communicate with the corresponding ARM processor in the cluster controller.

7. The new battery management system for electric energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sampling module adopts an AFE chip, and each sampling module is connected to 26-52 battery cells correspondingly for collecting battery cell data.

8. A control method for a new battery management system for electric energy storage, characterized in that: A new battery management system for electric energy storage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: Each stack controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller completes the following master-slave switching control: Each ARM processor performs self-test to determine whether it is the main ARM or the backup ARM, where the main ARM refers to the ARM processor in the main communication link, and the backup ARM refers to the ARM processor in the backup communication link; If it is the active ARM, when the active ARM receives the switching command sent by the superior or the system meets the conditions for fault switching, it is determined whether the standby ARM has a fault. If the standby ARM does not have a fault, the active ARM and the standby ARM are switched, the active ARM is switched to the standby state, and the standby ARM is switched to the working state; If it is a standby ARM, when the standby ARM receives the switching command issued by the superior or the system meets the conditions for fault switching, it is determined whether the standby ARM has a fault. If the standby ARM does not have a fault, the standby ARM is switched to a working state. If the standby ARM has a fault, it is determined whether the main ARM has a fault. If so, a shutdown command is sent and sent to the EMS system for a fault alarm. If not, the working state of the main ARM is maintained without switching.

9. The control method of the new battery management system for electric energy storage according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The conditions for the failover include: When an ARM processor in a stack controller, cluster controller or PACK controller fails, or when a communication failure occurs between the stack controller and the cluster controller, or when a communication failure occurs between the cluster controller and the PACK controller, if the failure still exists after a delay of 1S, the ARM fault switching is triggered to switch between the standby processor and the main processor; When the PACK controller cell data sampling error or cell disconnection fault occurs, the ARM fault switching is triggered after a delay of 1 minute to switch between the standby ARM and the main ARM.

10. The control method of the new battery management system for electric energy storage according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The two ARM processors in each stack controller, cluster controller, and PACK controller communicate in real time to synchronize data. When a faulty ARM processor is reset or restarted, data is obtained from another normally operating ARM processor to recover data.

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