Household distributed photovoltaic power generation system and installation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system and an installation method thereof, and the system comprises a ground rail assembly, the ground rail assembly is slidably provided with a bottom layer driving assembly, the bottom layer driving assembly is rotatably provided with an upper layer installation assembly, and the upper layer installation assembly is provided with a photovoltaic power generation panel and an environment monitoring assembly. The ground rail assembly, the bottom layer driving assembly, the upper layer mounting assembly, the photovoltaic power generation panel and the environment monitoring assembly all establish communication with a control assembly, and the control assembly establishes wireless communication with a cloud server; the whole system adopts a modular structure, is convenient to install and high in applicability, can realize efficient and automatic operation by collecting environment information in multiple dimensions, and effectively improves the power generation efficiency and the operation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly to a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of distributed photovoltaic power generation technology, household photovoltaic systems have gradually become the mainstream due to their flexibility and economy. Most traditional household photovoltaic systems use fixed brackets, and the angle of the photovoltaic panels cannot be dynamically adjusted, resulting in low light utilization efficiency. Especially in scenarios where the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle change (such as dawn, dusk, and seasonal alternation), the power generation efficiency drops significantly.

[0003] In the prior art, some improved brackets achieve angle adjustment through simple single-axis or double-axis rotation mechanisms, but their control methods have the following defects:

[0004] 1. Insufficient adjustment accuracy: Relying on a single light sensor or a preset time program, it cannot respond in real time to complex environmental changes such as local shadows and cloud cover, resulting in tracking deviation.

[0005] 2. Low energy efficiency ratio: Frequent angle adjustment may consume too much electric energy. Especially in low-light conditions, the motor energy consumption even exceeds the power generation gain.

[0006] 3. Poor adaptability: Existing algorithms lack the fusion analysis of multi-source data (such as light intensity, weather, and geographical location), and it is difficult to achieve optimal control in a changing environment.

[0007] 4. Complicated installation: Traditional adjustable brackets have a bulky structure, require professional tools for installation, and lack modular design, making it difficult to adapt to different roof types.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a household photovoltaic power generation system with high precision, low energy consumption, and easy installation to solve the above technical pain points through intelligent control and structural innovation. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system and an installation method thereof to solve the problems existing in the above prior art.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0011] The present invention provides a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system, including a ground rail assembly, on which a bottom layer drive assembly is slidably provided, on which an upper layer installation assembly is rotatably provided, on which a photovoltaic power generation panel and an environmental monitoring assembly are installed. The ground rail assembly, the bottom layer drive assembly, the upper layer installation assembly, the photovoltaic power generation panel, and the environmental monitoring assembly are all in communication with a control assembly, and the control assembly is in wireless communication with a cloud server.

[0012] Preferably, the ground rail assembly includes a ground rail body, the bottom layer driving assembly is slidably arranged on the ground rail body through a ground rail servo driving device, the ground rail servo driving device communicates with the control assembly, and a drag chain is arranged on the side of the ground rail body for cable storage.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom layer driving assembly includes a bottom layer mounting seat, an installation cavity is arranged in the bottom layer mounting seat, the upper layer mounting assembly is rotatably arranged in the installation cavity, a conductive slip ring device is arranged between the installation cavity and the upper layer mounting assembly, a first wire groove is arranged on the side of the conductive slip ring device, a large gear is arranged at the bottom of the upper layer mounting assembly, the large gear meshes with a small gear, and the small gear is in transmission connection with the power end of a rotation driving motor. The conductive slip ring device and the rotation driving motor are both electrically connected to the control assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the upper layer mounting assembly includes an upper layer mounting seat, the upper layer mounting seat is rotatably arranged in the installation cavity, an electric push rod is arranged at the top of the upper layer mounting seat, the electric push rod is electrically connected to the control assembly, the top of the electric push rod is connected to the photovoltaic power generation panel through a universal ball hinge, and a second wire groove is arranged in the upper layer mounting seat.

[0015] Preferably, the environmental monitoring assembly includes a light sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, an angle sensor and a Beidou positioning device. The light sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the wind speed sensor, the wind direction sensor, the angle sensor and the Beidou positioning device all communicate with the control assembly.

[0016] Preferably, the light sensors are arranged in an array on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel.

[0017] Preferably, the control assembly includes a data receiving module, an instruction sending module, an electric energy management module, a wireless communication module and a processor. The data receiving module, the instruction sending module, the electric energy management module and the wireless communication module all communicate with the processor, and the wireless communication module communicates wirelessly with a cloud server.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for installing a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system, including the following steps:

[0019] S1. Preliminary preparation: Conduct a load-bearing detection on the roof after site selection, and construct a platform foundation required for installation;

[0020] S2. System assembly: Install expansion bolts on the platform to fix the ground rail assembly, and then assemble the bottom drive assembly, upper installation assembly, photovoltaic power generation panel, environmental monitoring assembly, and lightning protection and grounding device in sequence. After installation, establish communication connections between all parts and the control component;

[0021] S3. System debugging: Detect the installation accuracy of each part in the system to make the installation error less than 2%, and test the insulation effect, protection effect, and control effect of the system;

[0022] S4. Equipment operation: Control the system to run in automatic mode through the artificial intelligence algorithm of the cloud server, or the user sets the operation parameters through the APP to control the system to run in manual mode;

[0023] S5. Regular maintenance: Regularly clean the photovoltaic power generation panel, and regularly check the system operation and aging conditions for targeted maintenance.

[0024] Preferably, in step S4, controlling the system to run in automatic mode through the artificial intelligence algorithm of the cloud server includes:

[0025] S41. The environmental monitoring component continuously collects light intensity, temperature and humidity, wind speed, wind direction, photovoltaic panel attitude and position information, and uploads it to the cloud server;

[0026] S42. The cloud server calculates the current optimal incident angle of sunlight based on the light intensity, predicts the optimal incident angle of sunlight within the next hour based on the temperature and humidity, wind speed, wind direction and position information, and obtains the adjustment plan for the photovoltaic power generation panel according to the current optimal incident angle of sunlight and the optimal incident angle of sunlight within the next hour; calculates the expected power consumption of the photovoltaic power generation panel adjustment plan and the expected power generation gain after adjustment, and determines whether to execute the photovoltaic power generation panel adjustment plan;

[0027] S43. When it is necessary to execute the adjustment plan for the photovoltaic power generation panel, the cloud server generates an adjustment instruction for the adjustment plan of the photovoltaic power generation panel and sends it to the control component, and the control component adjusts the position, direction and angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel according to the adjustment instruction.

[0028] Preferably, in step S42, the calculation formula for the cloud server to calculate the current optimal incident angle of sunlight based on the light intensity is:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, θ opt is the current optimal incident angle of sunlight, i is the serial number of the light sensor, w i is the weight coefficient of the i-th light sensor, and I i is the light intensity value detected by the i-th light sensor.

[0031] The present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0032] 1. Significantly improved power generation efficiency

[0033] Multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic adjustment: Through the rotation mechanism, pitch angle adjustment mechanism and translation mechanism, all-weather tracking of the sun's trajectory by the photovoltaic panel is realized, and the light receiving efficiency is significantly improved;

[0034] Intelligent algorithm optimization: Combining astronomical algorithms, multi-sensor data fusion and machine learning models, dynamically corrects angle deviations and reduces power generation losses caused by interference such as clouds and shadows.

[0035] 2. Intelligence and self-adaptability

[0036] Multi-source data collaboration: Utilize data from the light sensor array, angle sensor and environmental sensor, and accurately calculate the optimal angle through artificial intelligence algorithms to avoid the risk of single-point sensor failure;

[0037] Energy efficiency priority strategy: Automatically select the most economical adjustment strategy according to the threshold comparison of real-time power generation gain and motor energy consumption, effectively improving the comprehensive energy efficiency ratio.

[0038] 3. Enhanced safety and reliability

[0039] Multi-level protection mechanism: When detecting a harsh environment such as strong wind, the system can automatically adjust the angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel, thus avoiding damage to the power generation system by extreme weather;

[0040] Fault tolerance ability: When the sensor is abnormal, it automatically switches to the astronomical algorithm or local calendar mode, and uses the geographical location and time for auxiliary calculation, thus ensuring the continuous operation of the system.

[0041] 4. Convenient installation and maintenance

[0042] Modular structure design: The modular structure is suitable for rapid assembly, effectively reducing the installation time;

[0043] Green expandability: Supports cloud platform monitoring, and can remotely obtain the operation status and provide a basis for maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0045] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the communication relationship of a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system provided by the present invention. Specific implementation manner

[0047] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a structure of a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0049] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0050] Embodiment 1:

[0051] This embodiment provides a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system, as shown in Figure 1 and 2 shown, including a ground rail assembly 1, a bottom layer drive assembly 2 is slidably provided on the ground rail assembly 1, an upper layer mounting assembly 3 is rotatably provided on the bottom layer drive assembly 2, a photovoltaic panel 4 and an environmental monitoring assembly 5 are mounted on the upper layer mounting assembly 3, the ground rail assembly 1, the bottom layer drive assembly 2, the upper layer mounting assembly 3, the photovoltaic panel 4 and the environmental monitoring assembly 5 are all in communication with a control assembly 6, and the control assembly 6 is in wireless communication with a cloud server 7.

[0052] As an implementation manner, the ground rail assembly 1 includes a ground rail body 11, the bottom layer drive assembly 2 is slidably arranged on the ground rail body 11 through a ground rail servo drive device 12, the ground rail servo drive device 12 is in communication with the control assembly 6, and a drag chain 13 is provided on the side of the ground rail body 11 for cable storage.

[0053] As an implementation manner, the underlying driving component 2 includes an underlying mounting base 21. An installation cavity 22 is provided inside the underlying mounting base 21. The upper-layer mounting component 3 is rotatably arranged inside the installation cavity 22. A conductive slip ring device 23 is provided between the installation cavity 22 and the upper-layer mounting component 3. A first wire groove 24 is provided on the side of the conductive slip ring device 23 for accommodating the lines of the conductive slip ring device 23. A large gear 25 is provided at the bottom of the upper-layer mounting component 3. The large gear 25 meshes with a small gear 26. The small gear 26 is in transmission connection with the power end of a rotation driving motor 27. Both the conductive slip ring device 23 and the rotation driving motor 27 are electrically connected to the control component 6.

[0054] As an implementation manner, the upper-layer mounting component 3 includes an upper-layer mounting base 31. The upper-layer mounting base 31 is rotatably arranged inside the installation cavity 22. An electric push rod 32 is provided at the top of the upper-layer mounting base 31. The electric push rod 32 is electrically connected to the control component 6. The top of the electric push rod 32 is connected to the photovoltaic power generation panel 4 through a universal ball hinge 33. A second wire groove 34 is provided inside the upper-layer mounting base 31 for accommodating the lines of the electric push rod 32 and the photovoltaic power generation panel 4.

[0055] Through the rotation mechanism, the pitch angle adjustment mechanism and the translation mechanism, all-weather tracking of the sun's trajectory by the photovoltaic panel is realized, and the light receiving efficiency is significantly improved.

[0056] As an implementation manner, the environmental monitoring component 5 includes a light sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, an angle sensor and a Beidou positioning device. The light sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the wind speed sensor, the wind direction sensor, the angle sensor and the Beidou positioning device are all in communication with the control component 6. Through the above sensors, the light intensity, temperature and humidity, wind speed, wind direction, attitude and position information of the photovoltaic panel can be collected respectively. Combining astronomical algorithms, multi-sensor data fusion and machine learning models, the angle deviation is dynamically corrected to reduce the power generation loss caused by interference such as clouds and shadows.

[0057] As an implementation manner, the light sensor array is arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel, so as to realize detection in multiple angular directions.

[0058] Using the data of the light sensor array, the angle sensor and the environmental sensor, the optimal angle is accurately calculated through an artificial intelligence algorithm to avoid the risk of single-point sensor failure.

[0059] As an implementation manner, the control component 6 includes a data receiving module, an instruction sending module, a power management module, a wireless communication module and a processor. The data receiving module, the instruction sending module, the power management module and the wireless communication module are all in communication with the processor. The wireless communication module is in wireless communication with the cloud server.

[0060] The present invention also provides an installation method for a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system, including the following steps:

[0061] S1. Preliminary preparation: Conduct a load-bearing test on the selected roof. The flat roof is the best choice. If installation on an inclined roof is required, a platform foundation for installation needs to be constructed.

[0062] S2. System assembly: Install expansion bolts on the platform foundation to fix the ground rail assembly, and then sequentially assemble the bottom drive assembly, upper installation assembly, photovoltaic panels, environmental monitoring components, and lightning protection and grounding devices. After installation, establish a communication connection between each part and the control component.

[0063] S3. System debugging: Detect the installation accuracy of each part in the system to make the installation error less than 2%, and test the insulation effect, protection effect, and control effect of the system.

[0064] S4. Equipment operation: Control the system to operate in an automatic mode through the artificial intelligence algorithm of the cloud server, including:

[0065] S41. The environmental monitoring component continuously collects light intensity, temperature and humidity, wind speed, wind direction, photovoltaic panel attitude and position information, and uploads it to the cloud server.

[0066] S42. The cloud server calculates the current optimal incident angle of sunlight based on the light intensity, predicts the optimal incident angle of sunlight within the next hour based on the temperature and humidity, wind speed, wind direction and position information, and obtains the adjustment plan for the photovoltaic panels according to the current optimal incident angle of sunlight and the optimal incident angle of sunlight within the next hour; calculates the expected power consumption of the photovoltaic panel adjustment plan and the expected power generation gain after adjustment, determines whether to execute the photovoltaic panel adjustment plan, and automatically selects the most economical adjustment strategy by comparing the threshold of the real-time power generation gain and the motor energy consumption, effectively improving the comprehensive energy efficiency ratio.

[0067] The calculation formula for the current optimal incident angle of sunlight is:

[0068]

[0069] where θ opt is the current optimal incident angle of sunlight, i is the serial number of the light sensor, w i is the weight coefficient of the i-th light sensor, and I i is the light intensity value detected by the i-th light sensor.

[0070] S43. When it is necessary to execute the photovoltaic panel adjustment plan, the cloud server generates an adjustment instruction for the photovoltaic panel adjustment plan and sends it to the control component, and the control component adjusts the position, direction and angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the adjustment instruction.

[0071] Of course, users can also set the operating parameters through the APP to control the system operation in manual mode;

[0072] Meanwhile, when detecting a harsh environment such as strong wind, the system can automatically adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panels to avoid damage to the power generation system caused by extreme weather;

[0073] When the sensor is abnormal, it automatically switches to the astronomical algorithm or local calendar mode, and uses the geographical location and time for auxiliary calculation to ensure the continuous operation of the system;

[0074] S5. Regular maintenance: Regularly clean the photovoltaic panels, and regularly check the system operation and aging conditions for targeted maintenance; Support cloud platform monitoring, and the operation status can be remotely obtained to provide a basis for maintenance.

[0075] The present invention uses specific examples to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A household distributed photovoltaic power generation system, characterized by: It comprises a ground rail assembly, on which a bottom driving assembly is slidably provided, on which an upper mounting assembly is rotatably provided, on which a photovoltaic power generation panel and an environmental monitoring assembly are mounted, the ground rail assembly, the bottom driving assembly, the upper mounting assembly, the photovoltaic power generation panel and the environmental monitoring assembly all establish communication with a control assembly, and the control assembly establishes wireless communication with a cloud server.

2. The household distributed photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floor rail assembly comprises a floor rail body, the bottom driving assembly is slidably arranged on the floor rail body through a floor rail servo driving device, the floor rail servo driving device establishes communication with the control assembly, and a drag chain is arranged on the side of the floor rail body for cable storage.

3. The household distributed photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom driving assembly comprises a bottom mounting seat, a mounting cavity is arranged in the bottom mounting seat, the upper mounting assembly is rotatably arranged in the mounting cavity, a conductive slip ring device is arranged between the mounting cavity and the upper mounting assembly, a first wire groove is arranged on the side of the conductive slip ring device, a large gear is arranged at the bottom of the upper mounting assembly, the large gear is meshed with a small gear, the small gear is transmission-connected to the power end of the rotating drive motor, and the conductive slip ring device and the rotating drive motor are both electrically connected to the control assembly.

4. The household distributed photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper mounting assembly includes an upper mounting seat, which is rotatably disposed in the mounting cavity. An electric push rod is provided on the top of the upper mounting seat, and the electric push rod is electrically connected to the control assembly. The top of the electric push rod is connected to the photovoltaic panel via a universal ball joint, and a second wire groove is provided in the upper mounting seat.

5. The household distributed photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental monitoring component includes a light sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, an angle sensor and a Beidou positioning device. The light sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the wind speed sensor, the wind direction sensor, the angle sensor and the Beidou positioning device all establish communication with the control component.

6. The household distributed photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The light sensor array is arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel.

7. The household distributed photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control component includes a data receiving module, an instruction sending module, a power management module, a wireless communication module and a processor. The data receiving module, the instruction sending module, the power management module and the wireless communication module all establish communication with the processor, and the wireless communication module establishes wireless communication with the cloud server.

8. A method for installing a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preliminary preparation: Carry out load-bearing test on the roof after site selection and construct the platform foundation required for installation; S2. System assembly: Install expansion bolts to fix the ground rail assembly on the platform foundation, and assemble the bottom drive assembly, upper installation assembly, photovoltaic panels, environmental monitoring assembly and lightning protection grounding device in sequence. After the installation is completed, establish communication connection between each part and the control assembly; S3. System debugging: Check the installation accuracy of each part in the system to make the installation error less than 2%, and test the insulation effect, protection effect and control effect of the system; S4. Equipment operation: The system is controlled in automatic mode by the artificial intelligence algorithm of the cloud server, or the user sets the operating parameters in manual mode through the APP to control the system operation; S5. Regular maintenance: Clean the photovoltaic panels regularly, check the system operation and aging status regularly, and perform targeted maintenance.

9. The method for installing a household distributed photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, the artificial intelligence algorithm control system of the cloud server operates in automatic mode including: S41. The environmental monitoring component collects light intensity, temperature and humidity, wind speed, wind direction, photovoltaic panel posture and location information in real time and uploads it to the cloud server; S42. The cloud server calculates the current optimal incident angle of sunlight based on the light intensity, predicts the optimal incident angle of sunlight in the next hour based on the temperature and humidity, wind speed, wind direction and location information, and obtains the photovoltaic panel adjustment plan based on the current optimal incident angle of sunlight and the optimal incident angle of sunlight in the next hour; calculates the estimated power consumption of the photovoltaic panel adjustment plan and the estimated power generation gain after adjustment, and determines whether to execute the photovoltaic panel adjustment plan; S43. When it is necessary to execute the photovoltaic panel adjustment plan, the cloud server generates an adjustment instruction based on the photovoltaic panel adjustment plan and sends it to the control component. The control component adjusts the position, direction and angle of the photovoltaic panel accordingly according to the adjustment instruction.

10. The household distributed photovoltaic power generation system installation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S42, the cloud server calculates the current optimal incident angle of sunlight according to the light intensity using the following formula: Among them, θ opt is the current optimal incident angle of sunlight, i is the serial number of the light sensor, and w i is the weight coefficient of the i-th light sensor, I i is the light intensity value detected by the i-th light sensor.

Images